英语-合成形容词的构成

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2020年07月28日 15:57
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合成形容词的构成



构词形式有多种多样,其中合成形容词也是一种。合成形容词由连字符把两个或两个以上的词连接起来,用作定语。如:a south-facing window, adried-up river, a twelve-year-old girl。现将常见的合成形容词配以例句分类归纳如下:

1.形容词+名词+ed

People had come to love him as an inspiring leader and a wise warm-hearted,honest man.他(林肯)作为一位具有感召力的领袖,又是一个聪明、热情和诚实的人,人民开始爱戴他。

But for a cold-blooded creature such as a frog or a snake it is a different matter.但是对于冷血动物,诸如青蛙或蛇,情况就不同了。

又如: a bad-tempered man一个坏脾气的人;a left-handed man一个左撇子;

2.名词+过去分词

Many countries have set up man-made satellites to circle the earth.许多国家已发射了人造卫星环绕地球。

She cried at the heart-broken news.

知道这个令人心碎的消息,她嚎啕大哭起来。

又如:a water-covered field一片水田;hand-made works手工制品;……

3.副词+过去分词

There he received a letter inviting him to go to the United States to teach at awell-known research institute at Princeton.在那里,他收到一封信,邀请他到美国普林斯顿一家著名的研究院去教书。

Dozens of better-trained persons had been turned down before me.在我之前已经有了几十个比我受过更好训练的人都没有被录用。

又如: a quickly-cured patient一个很快治愈的病人; a highly-developed in-dustry高度发展的工业;……

4.名词+现在分词

The eyes of millions of freedom-loving Canadians, Americans,and English-men are turned to the East….千百万爱好自由的加拿大人、美国人和英国人都望着东方……。

又如:earth-shaking changes翻天覆地的变化;a man-eating society一个吃人的社会;……

5.形容词+现在分词

He was an ordinary-looking little man with thick glasses.他是个身材不高、相貌平常、戴着深度眼镜的人。

Her easy-going nature made her popular.她那随和的天性赢得大家的喜爱。

又如:a familiar-sounding name听起来熟悉的名字, an ill-fitting dress一件不合身的衣服;……

6.副词+现在分词

She was a simple,practical and hard-working woman.她是个衣着朴素、实事求是而又勤劳的妇女。

The government has made many far-reaching decisions.政府已作出许多意义深远的决定。

又如:never-ending dispute无休止的辩论,fast-spreading rumours快速流传的谣言;……

7.数词+名词或形容词

I'd like to see your ten-speed bicycle.我很想看看你的十速自行车。

Each student gave the waiter a ten-doll
ar note.每个学生都递给那侍者一张十美
元的钞票。

又如:a second-hand bookstore一家旧书店;a 100-metre dash一百米赛跑;a six-storeyed building一座六层楼房子;

8.名词+形容词或形容词+名词

Although Princeton,New Jersey,has a world-famous university,it is still asmall quiet town.新泽西州普林斯顿虽有一所世界闻名的大学,但仍是一个安静的小城镇。

Now there are fast-food restaurants in countries all over the world.现在世界各国都有快餐店。

又如:a full-time job一项专职工作; a water-tight-boot一只雨靴;

9.一些固定的短语或习语

We have bought an up-to-date office computer.我们购置了一台最新式的办公室用的计算机。

He came from a well-to-do family.他出身于小康之家。

又如:an out-of-date model一套过时模式;an out-of-print book一本绝版本;an out-of-the-way village一个荒僻的村庄;a touch-and-go situation一触即发的形势;an on-the-spot investigation一次现场调查。

10.由名词与名词、代词与代词、副词与副词构成合成形容词

Have you bought an English-Chinese Dictionary?

你买英汉词典了吗?

They went to such-and-such a place.他们去某某一个地方了。

He talked of far-away places and experiences.他谈到了一些遥远的地方及其经历。

又如: a heart-to-heart talk一次推心置腹的谈话; an out-and-out liar一个十足的说谎大王;……

以上是合成形容词的常见构成形式。假如初学者用这些词多造句,定会有所裨益。







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