2018北京大学自主招生试题
川音绵阳-新学期的打算600字
北京大学
【注意事项】本试卷分为语文、数学、英语三部分。
【考试时间】
3
个小时
语文部分
【
注意事项】本试卷语文部分分为基础知识题和阅读题两部分．一共
50
道选择题。
第
Ⅰ
卷（基础知识题）
1
．【真题】对下面一首诗的赏析，不恰当的一项是（ ）
海臧克家
从碧澄澄的天空，摸着潮湿的衣角，看到了你的颜色：触到了你的体温；从
一阵阵的清风，深
夜醒来，嗅到了你的气息：耳边传来了你有力的呼吸。（
1956
年
）
A
．诗人用平实的语言．分别从视觉、嗅觉、触觉、听觉四个方面写出了他对大海
的感受。
B
．这首诗反映了诗人对大自然壮观的惊喜，也反映了他的人生哲学，表现
了一定的人生哲理。
C
．由远而近、从白天到夜晚，大海给诗人的感觉不尽相同，这
些形成了全诗的发展层次。
D
．诗人将自己的感觉加以升华，使大海人格化、生命化
、向我们展示出大海的整体形象。
4
．【真题】下列各句中使用，全部正确的一项是（ ）
①在称雄之前，
刘备成功地把自己装扮成一个胸无大志的庸才，这一韬光养晦的做法让他得以与强
大的曹操和孙权一起称
雄三国时代。
②“手如柔荑，肤如凝脂”，《诗经·硕人》通过对齐女庄姜的细腻描绘，刻画
了一个珠圆玉润、亮
丽动人的古典美人。
③自
8
月
1日滴滴收购优步中国的消息正式宣布后，网上盛传商务部反垄断局已两次约谈滴滴并依
法进行调查，
滴滴对此讳莫如深。
④由于缺少有效监督，《公共场所控烟条例》在许多地方沦为一纸空文，
只有真正令行禁止，才能
达到公共场所“无烟化”的目标。
⑤城市规划大师卡罗琳·
博斯在做主题演讲时说，城市环境和建筑休戚相关，所以要改善城市环境
不能忽视城市建筑的整体规划。
⑥他此时正心事重重，尽管窗外鸟语花香，一片春意盎然，他也目不窥园，无心欣赏，还时不
时的
叹上一口气。
A
．①②⑤
B
．①③④
C
．②⑤⑥
D
．③④⑥
5
．【真题】下图是两副吟咏郑成功的对联，请依文意与对联组成原则，选出最适合填入甲、乙、丙、<
br>丁处的内容（ ）乙、丙、丁处的内容（ ）
诸
四
南
东
王
镇
天
海
无
多
留
望
寸
贰
祠
台
土
心
宇
澎
，
，
，
，
一
两
雄
风
隅
岛
图
景
抗
屯
虽
不
志
师
渺
殊
。
。
。
。
（丁）
（丙）
（乙）
（甲）
①方知海外有孤忠②称名则妇孺皆知③敢向东南争半壁④举目有河山之异
甲
乙
丙
丁
A
③
①
④
②
B
③
②
④
①
C
④
①
③
②
D
④
②
③
①
A
．
A
B
．
B
C
．
C
D
．
D
7
．【真题】依据诗意，作者感到被“啮咬”、“绞伤”的原因，最可能的一项（
）
花是无声的音乐
果实是最动人的书籍
当它们在春天演奏
，秋天出版
我的日子被时计的齿轮
给无情
地啮咬，绞伤
庭中便飞散着我的心的碎片
阶下就响起我的一片叹息
A
．岁月一何易，寒暑忽已革
B
．吾谋适不用，勿谓知音稀
C
．花自飘零水自流，一种相思，两处闲愁
D
．不忍登高临远，望故乡渺邈，归思难收
10
．【真题】下列各句中，加横线的成语使用不恰当的一项是（ ）
A
．近日，俄罗斯继续释放愿与
OPEC
合作恢复油价的意愿，但双方态度暧昧，面对实
质问题，
大都闪烁其词，没有明确的表示。
B
．伴随着老龄化程度逐步加深
，人社部新闻发言人李忠明确表示，人社部将进行长期护理保险制
度的顶层设计和实践探索，“子女带薪
护理”方案呼之欲出
C
．他心高气傲，目空一切，总喜欢妄自菲薄别人，结果可想而
知，没有人愿意同他打交道，他成
了大海里的一叶孤舟。
D
．
25
日上午，方怀瑾委员在“加强管理和服务，提高城市发展持续性”专题会议上，建议政府
要理性
面对节假日“拥挤踩踏”等重大突发事件，不要因噎废食。
12
．【真题】下列各组词语中，加横线字的注音全都正确的一项是（ ）
A
．偌大（
nu
ò）
嫉妒（
j
ì）
羞赧（
n
ǎ
n
）
踅过去（
xu
é）
B
．重创（
chu
ā
ng
）
祈祷（
q
í）
鸱鸮（
ch
ī
xi
ā
o
）
思忖（
c
ǔ
n
）
C
．驽马（
n
ú）
针砭时弊（
bi
ǎ
n
）
剖析（
p
ō
u
）
窈窕（
y
ǎ
oti
ǎ
o
）
D
．草窠（
k
ē）
驯服（
x
ù
n
）
惩罚（
ch
ě
ng
）
遗责（
qi
ǎ
n
）
13
．【真题】依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是（ ）
______________
，
______________
，
______________
。
______________
。
____
__________
。
______________
。画家、诗人为了把自己的感
受传达给别人，一定要苦心经营意匠，才能找到打
动人心的艺术语言。
①齐白石有一印章“老齐手段”，说明他的画是很讲究意匠的
②杜甫说“意匠惨淡经营中”，又说“语不惊人死不休”
③意匠即表现方法、表现手段，简单地说，就是加工手段
④画画要有意境，否则力量无处使
⑤意境和意匠是山水画的两个关键，有了意境，没有意匠，意境也就落了空
⑥但是有了意境还不够，还要有意匠
A
．④⑥①③②⑤
B
．④⑥③①②⑤
C
．②④⑤①⑥③
D
．④⑤②①⑥③
21
．【真题】下列有关文学作品鉴赏的表述不恰当的一项是（ ）
A<
br>．姑苏城乡宦甄士隐可怜寄居庙内穷儒贾雨村，赠银让他赶考。在元宵之夜，女儿英莲被拐走。
不
久以后因葫芦庙失火，甄家被烧毁。一日，他听到了道人的《好了歌》，顿悟人生，遂与道
人一起飘然而
去。
B
．王熙凤协理宁国府，宁国府中都总管来升说凤姐“是个有名的烈贷，脸酸心
硬，一时恼了，不
认人的”。
C
．贾府的“四春”分别是：孤独的贾元春、
精明的贾迎春、懦弱的贾探春、孤僻的贾惜春，取“原
应叹息”之意。
D
．
王熙凤想了一条偷梁换柱之计，贾府迎娶宝钗，为失玉后变得昏愦的宝玉冲喜。娶亲之时，黛
玉却在焚稿
断情，绝命之时只有李纨在侧，凄绝惨绝。
26
．【真题】下列句子中，标点符号使用正确的一项是（ ）
A
．西方世界以“自由”“平等”“民主”为核心内容的发展理念与模式在全球范围内长期占据主导
地位
，如以赛亚·伯林所说，西方世界“声称得救的道路只此一条。”
B
．“左手”在美
国俚语中有“不好”的意思，例如“左手船”——偷渡船、“左手恭维”——虚情
假意、“左手婚姻”—
—门户不当等等。
C
．她笑笑说：“有这么多热心的民警，有这么多好的街坊，我呀！还得活一辈子！
”
D
．避讳之风可谓源远流长，“其俗起于周，
成于秦，盛于唐宋”，（陈垣《史讳举例☒序》）学人对
其起源进行探，是很有意义的。
28
．【真题】依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是（ ）人
的一生有前台，也有后台。粉墨登场踱到前台，使出浑身解数：该唱的，
__________
；该说的，
__________
；该演的，
__________
。不知过了多久，满心疲惫回到后台，有知饥知渴的朋友在：
__________
，
__________
，
__________
，这比前台什么样的满堂彩都要受用！
①淋漓精致②五音不乱③字正腔圆④等一个时辰⑤接一声辛苦⑥递一杯温茶
A
．③①②⑤④⑥
B
．①③②④⑤⑥
C
．②①③⑥⑤④
D
．②③①④⑥⑤
第Ⅱ卷（阅读题）
二、【真题】阅读下面的文言文，完成
33-36
题。
利不可两，
忠不可兼。不去小利则大利不得，不去小忠则大忠不至。故小利，大利之残也：小忠，
大忠之贼也。圣人
去小取大》
昔荆龚王与晋厉公战于鄢陵．荆师败，龚王伤。临战，司马子反渴而求饮，竖①阳
谷操黍酒而进
之。子反受而饮之。子反之为人也嗜酒，甘而不能绝于口．以醉。战既罢，龚王欲复战而谋
。使
召司马子反，子反辞以心疾。龚王驾而往视之，入幄中，闻酒臭而还。曰：“今日之战，所恃者司<
br>马也。而司马又若此，是忘荆国之社稷．而不恤吾众也。“于是罢师去之。斩司马子反以为戮。竖
阳谷之进酒也，非以醉子反也，其心以忠也，而适杀之。故曰：小忠．大忠之贼也。
昔者晋献
公使荀息以垂棘之璧与屈产之乘②赂虞公，以假道于虞而伐虢。虞公滥于宝与马而欲许
之，宫之奇谏曰：
“不可许也。先人有言曰：‘唇竭而齿寒。’夫虢之不亡也．恃虞；虞之不亡也，
亦恃虢也。若假之道．
则虢朝亡而虞夕从之矣》奈何其假之道也？
虞公弗听．而假之道。荀息伐
虢，克之。还
反伐虞，又克之。荀息操璧牵马而报。献公喜曰：
璧则犹是也，马齿亦薄长矣。”
故曰
：小利。大利之残也。
中山之国有套繇者，智伯欲攻之而无道也。为铸大钟，方车二轨以遗之
，套繇之君将斩岸堙溪以
迎钟。赤章蔓枝谏曰：“夫智伯之为人也，贪而无信，必欲攻我而无道也，故为
大钟，方车二轨以
遗君。君因斩岸堙溪以迎钟，师必随乏。”弗听，有顷，谏之。君曰：“大国为欢，而
子逆之，不
祥，子释之。”赤章蔓枝日：“为人臣不忠也贞不用，远身可也。“断毂而行，至
卫七日厹而繇亡。
昌国君将五国之兵以攻齐。齐使触子将，以迎天下之兵于济上。齐王欲战，使人赴触子
，耻而訾
之曰：“不战，必划③若类，掘若垄。触予苦之欲齐军败于是以天下兵战战合击金而却之卒北天
下
兵乘之。触子因以—乘去，莫知其所，不闻其声。达子又帅其余卒军于秦周，无以赏，使人请金
于齐王。齐王怒曰：“若残竖子之类．恶能给若金？”与燕人战，大败，·达子死，齐王走莒。燕
人逐
北入国，相与争金甚多。此贪于小利以失大利者也。
（节选自《吕氏春秋·权勋》）
[
注
]
①竖：童仆。②垂棘之璧：垂棘产的美玉；屈产之乘：屈邑产的良马。
③划：灭除。
33
．对下列句子中划线词的解释，不正确的一项是（ ）
A
．使召司马子反，子反辞以心
疾辞：借口
B
．璧则犹是也，马齿亦薄长矣
薄：稍微
C
．为铸人钟，方车二轨以遗之
遗：赠送
D
．使人赴触子，耻而訾之口
耻：耻辱
34
．下列各组句子中，划线词的意义和用法相同
A
．使召司马子反，子反辞以心疾
猥以微贱，当待东宫
B
．以假道于虞而伐虢
不拘于时
C
．若假之道，则虢朝亡而虞夕从之矣
奉之弥繁，侵之愈急
D
．君里斩岸堙溪以迎钟，师必随之
或因寄所托，放浪形骸之外
35
．下列用“
”给句中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（
）
A
．触子苦之欲齐
军败
于足以天下兵战
战合击金
而却之卒北
天下兵乘之
B
．
触子苦之欲齐
军败
于是以天下兵战
战合
击
金而却之
卒北
天下兵乘之
C
．触子苦之
欲齐军败
于是以天下兵战
战合
击金而却之
卒北
天下兵乘之
D
．触子苦之
欲齐军败
于是以天下兵战
战合击金
而却之卒北
天下
兵乘之
36
．下列对原文有关内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是（ ）
A
．司马子反因为口渴误饮童仆给他的黍酒而致醉，未能与荆龚王及时商讨重新作战的对策，结
果
被荆龚王斩杀并暴尸示众。
B
．晋献公派荀息
向虞国借路去攻打虢国，虞公没有听宫之奇的劝谏把路借给了晋国，结果晋国攻
下虢国后接着灭掉了虞国
。
C
．智伯想要攻占厹繇却苦于没有进军的道路，厹繇国君不听赤章蔓枝劝谏，削平
高地填平溪谷去
迎接大钟，最终导致亡国。
D
．齐国将领触子不堪齐王羞辱
和重压，故意战败逃走：齐王未能吸取教训去体恤将士，结果齐军
再次惨败，齐王也逃到莒国。
八、【真题】阅读下面这首词，完成第
49
、
50
题。
醉翁操
①
苏轼
琅然，清圆，谁弹？响空山。无言，惟翁
醉中知其天。月明风露娟娟，人未眠。荷蒉过山前，曰
②③
有心也哉此贤。醉翁啸咏，声和流泉
。醉翁去后，空有朝吟夜怨。山有时而童巅，水有时而回
川。思翁无岁年，翁今为飞仙。此意在人间，试
听徽外三两弦
④
。
[
注
]
①据本词序，欧阳修喜
爱琅琊幽谷的山川奇丽、泉鸣空涧，常把酒临听，欣然忘归。后沈遵作
琴曲《醉翁操》，崔闲记谱，请苏
轼填词。②蒉：草筐。《论语·宪问》：“子击磬于卫，有荷蒉而
过孔氏之门者，曰：‘有心哉，击磬乎
！’”③童巅：山顶光秃，山无草木曰童。④徽：琴徽，系弦
之绳。此处代指琴。
49
．下列对本词的理解，不正确的一项是（ ）
A
．“响空山”与王维《山居秋暝》“空山新雨后”的“空山”，都写出了山的空寂。
B
．“荷蒉”两句以《论语》中荷蒉者对孔子击磬的评价，赞赏醉翁懂得鸣泉之妙。
C
．“醉翁去后”两句描写醉翁离开琅琊后，作者空对流泉，以吟诵表达思念之情。
D
．词作最后三句是说醉翁虽已离世，声和流泉的美妙意境却仍然得以留存人间。
<
br>50
．词作开篇几句运用了以声写声的手法，用玉声形容泉声的清亮圆润。下列诗句，没有运用这
种手
法的一项是（ ）
A
．龙吟虎啸一时发，万籁百泉相与秋。（李颀《听安万善吹觱篥歌》）
B
．商声寥亮羽声苦，江天寂历江枫秋。（刘长卿《听笛声留别郑协律》）
C
．蜂簇野花吟细韵，蝉移高柳迸残声。（韦庄《听赵秀才弹琴》）
D
．寒敲白玉声偏婉，暖逼黄莺语自娇。（王仁裕《荆南席上咏胡琴妓》）
数学部分
【注意事项】本试卷数学部分共有
20
道单项选择题。
1
，设抛物线
2
．【真题】抛物线
x
2
py
与直
线
xay10
交于
A
、
B
两点，其中点
A<
br>的坐标为
2，
的焦点为
F
，则
FAFB
等于（ ）
1172831
A
．
B
．
C
．
D
．
69
3
9
4
．【真题】某校派出
5
名老师去海口市三所中学进行教学交流活动，每所
中学至少派一名教师
,
则不同
的分配方案有（ ）
A
．
80
种
B
．
90
种
C
．
120
种
D
．
150
种
nN
*
个
8
．【真题】如下图所示．将若干个点摆成三角形
图案，每条边（包括两个端点）有
n
n1，
点，相应的图案中总的点数记
为
a
n
，则
999
a
2
a
3
a
3
a
4
a
4
a
5
9
等于（ ）
a
2013
a
2014
n=2
n=3
n=4
n=5
A
．
2011
2012
B
．
2012
2013
C
．
2013
2014
D
．
2014
2013
x
2
y<
br>2
0
，
F
2
c，0
为椭圆
2
2
1
的两个焦点，
P
为椭圆上一点且
C
2
，则此
11
．【真题】已知
F
1
c，
ab
椭圆离心率的取值范围是（ ）
3
3
2
2
11
<
br>，
1
0
，，，
A
．
B
C D
．．．
32
3322
16
．【真题】正方形
AP<
br>1
P
2
P
3
的边长为
4
，点
B，
C
分别是边
P
1
P
2
，
P
2
P
3
的中点，沿
AB
，
BC
，
CA折成
一个三棱锥
PABC
（使
P
1
，
P2
，
P
3
重合于
P
），则三棱锥
PABC<
br>的外接球表面积为（ ）
A
．
24π
B
．
12π
C
．
8π
D
．
4π
17
．【真题】某动点在平面直角坐标系第一象限的整点
上运动（含
x
，
y
正半轴上的整点），其运动规
n
m1，n1
或
m，n
m1，n1
。若该动点从原点出发，经过
6
步运动
到律为
m，
6，2
点，则有（
）种不同的运动轨迹。（ ）
A
．
15
B
．
14 C
．
9 D
．
10
英语部分
【注意事项】本试卷英语部分分为阅读理解和选词填空两部分，共
50
个小题。
一、阅读理解（共
7
篇文章）
【真题】
B
October 31, 2009,
California
Tsien Hsue-shen, PhD'39, one of the
founders of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, died on
October 31, He
was 98
．
Tsien, bom
in the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou, graduated
from the National Qinghua University in
1934
and in August of 1935 he left China to study at
the Massachusetts Institute Technology
．
In
1936 he
went to the California Institute of
Technology to commence graduate
studies
．
Tsien obtained his doctor
degree in 1939 and would remain at Caltech for
20 years, becoming the Goddard Professor and
establishing a reputation as one of the
leading rocket scientists in the United
States
．
In 1943, Tsien and two others
in the Caltech rocketry group drafted the first
document to use the name
Jet Propulsion
Laboratory
．
During the Second World War, he
was amongst the other scientists
participated
the
．
After World War II he served as a
consultant to the United States
Army Air
Force
．
During this time, Conlonel Tsien
worked on designing an intercontinental space
plane
．
His work would inspire the
X—20Dyna-Soar which would later be the inspiration
for the Space
Shuttle
．
In 1945 Tsien
Hsue-shen married Jiang Ying, the daughter of
Jiang Baili—one of the Chinese
nationalist
leader Chiang Kai—shen's leading military
strategists
．
But in 1950, the Chinese-born
scientist
was accused of harboring Communist
sympathies and stripped of his security
clearance
．
In September 1955 he was
permitted to leave for China, where Tsien resumed
his research, founded the
Institute of
Mechanics, and went on to become the father of
China's missile program, a trusted member
of
the government and Party's inner circle, and the
nation's most honored scientist, Tsien retired in
1991
and has maintained a low public profile
in Beijing, China
．
The PRC government
launched its manned
space program in 1992 and
used Tsien's research as the basis for the Long
March rocket which
successfully launched the
Shenzhou V mission in October of 2003
．
The
elderly Tsien was able to watch
China's first
manned space mission on television from his
hospital bed
．
In his late years, since
the 1980s, Tsien devoted himself to spirituality
research, and advocated scientific
investigation of traditional Chinese medicine,
Qigong and
．
6
．
The underlined
word
．
A
．
make up
B
．
get C
．
begin
D
．
promise
7
．
Tsien Hsue-shen
got married at the age of ____________
．
A
．
45 B
．
28 C
．
24
D
．
34
8
．
What is the right order
of the events related to Tsien Hsue-shen
？
a
．
his later life b
．
return
to China
c
．
career in the
U
．
S
．
A d
．
his early life
and education
A
．
a-b-c-d
B
．
d-c-b-a C
．
d-b-c-a
D
．
c-b-d-a
9
．
Which
of the following statements is NOT true?
A
．
Tsien Hsue-shen got a doctor's
degree in 1939
．
B
．
Tsien Hsue-
shen married Jiang Ying, the daughter of Chinese
nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shen
．
C
．
Tsien Hsue-shen has made a
contribution to the Space Shuttle
．
D
．
Tsien Hsue-shen was interested in
traditional Chinese medicine, qigong and human
body
funcitions
．
G
Winter
begins in the north on December
22nd
．
People and animals have been doing
what they always do
to prepare for the colder
months
．
Squirrels
（松鼠），
for example,
have been busy gathering nuts from
trees
．
Well, scientists have been busy
gathering information about what the squirrels do
with the food
they collect
．
They
examined differences between red squirrels and
gray squirrels in the American state of
Indiana
．
The
scientists wanted to know
how these differences could affect the growth of
black walnut
（黑胡桃）
trees
．
The black
walnut is the nut of choice for both kinds of
squirrels
．
The black walnut tree is also a
central part of some hardwood forests
．
Rob Swihart of Purdue University did the study
with Jake Goheen, a former Purdue student now at
the
University of New Mexico
．
The two
researchers estimate that several times as many
walnuts grow when
gathered by gray squirrels
as compared to red squirrels
．
Gray
squirrels and red squirrels do not store nuts
and seeds in the same way
．
Gray
squirrels bury nuts one at a time in a number of
places
．
But they seldom
remember where
they buried every nut
．
So some nuts remain
in the ground
．
Conditions are right for
them
to develop and grow the following
spring
．
Red squirrels, however, store large
groups of nuts above
ground
．
Professor
Swihart calls death traps for seeds
．
Gray squirrels are native to
Indiana
．
But Professor Swihart says their
humbers began to descrease as
more forests
were cut for agriculture
．
Red squirrels
began to spread through the state during the past
century
．
The researchers say red
squirrels are native to forests that stay green
all year, unlike walnut trees
．
They
say
the cleaning of forest land for agriculture has
helped red squirrels invade Indiana
．
Jake
Goheen calls
them a sign of an environmental
problem more than a cause
．
28
．
The study done by Rob Swihart and
Jake Goheen is to ____________
．
A
．
find out the living conditions for
squirrels
B
．
learn squirrels' influence
on black walnut trees
С
．
do something
to get rid of squirrels
D
．
save the
forests in the American state of Indiana
29
．
The difference between gray
squirrels and red squirrels mainly lies in
____________
．
A
．
the way they
gather the walnut
B
．
the time they have
winter sleep
C
．
the place they have
winter sleep
D
．
the place they store
the walnuts
30
．
When Professor Swihart
says
．
A
．
red squirrels eat
more nuts than gray squirrels
B
．
gray
squirrels and red squirrels will have severe
fights
C
．
nuts above the ground will
not develop into plants
D
．
seeds can be
traps for other animals in the forest
二、选词填空（共两篇文章，
20
小题）
【真题】
A
A novel way of making computer memories,
using bacteria FOR half a century, the
（
31
）
__________of
progress in
the computer industry has been to do more with
less
．
Moore's law famously observes that
the number of transistors which can be crammed
into a given space
（
32
）
__________
every 18
months
．
The amount of data
that can be stored has grown at a similar
rate
．
Yet as
（
33
）
__________
get
smaller, making them gets harder and more
expensive
．
On May 10th Paul Otellini, the
boss of Intel,
a big American chipmaker, put
the price of a new chip factory at around $$10
billion
．
Happily for those
that lack
Intel's resources, there may be a cheaper
option—namely to mimic Mother Nature, who has
been building tiny
（
34
）
__________, in the form of
living cells and their components, for billions of
years, and has thus got rather good at
it
．
A paper published in Small, a
nanotechnology journal , sets out
the latest
example of the
（
35
）
__________
．
In it, a
group of researchers led by Sarah Staniland at the
University of Leeds, in Britain, describe
using naturally occurring proteins to make arrays
of tiny
magnets, similar to those employed to
store information in disk drives
．
The
researchers took their
（
36
）
__________ from
Magnetospirillum magneticum, a bacterium that is
sensitive to the Earth's magnetic
field thanks
to the presence within its cells of flecks of
magnetite, a form of iron oxide
．
Previous
work
has isolated the protein that makes these
miniature compasses
．
Using genetic
engineering, the team
managed to persuade a
different bacterium
—
Escherichia coli, a
ubiquitous critter that is a workhorse of
biotechnology—to
（
37
）
__________ this protein in
bulk
．
Next, they imprinted a block of gold
with a
microscopic chessboard pattern of
chemicals
．
Half the squares contained
anchoring points for the
protein
．
The
other half were left untreated as
controls
．
They then dipped the gold into a
solution
containing the protein, allowing it
to bind to the treated squares, and dunked the
whole lot into a heated
__________ of iron
salts
．
After that, they examined the
results with an electron microscope
．
Sure
（
38
）
enough, groups of magnetite
grains had materialised on the treated squares,
shepherded into place by the
bacterial
protein
．
In principle, each of these
magnetic domains could store the one or the zero
of a bit of
information, according to how it
was polarised
．
Getting from there to a real
computer memory would be
a long road
．
For a start, the grains of magnetite are not
strong enough magnets to make a useful memory,
and the size of each domain is huge by modern
computing
（
39
）
__________
．
But Dr
Staniland reckons
that, with enough tweaking,
both of these objections could be dealt
with
．
The
（
10
）
__________ of
this
approach is that it might not be so
capital-intensive as building a
fab
．
Growing things does not need as
much kit as making them
．
If the
tweaking could be done, therefore, the result
might give the word
biotechnology a whole new
meaning
．
A
）
components
B
）
advantage C
）
standards
D
）
compliments
E
）
essence
F
）
inspiration G
）
disadvantage
H
）
doubles
I
）
solution
J
）
resolution K
）
devices
L
）
manufacture
M
）
spirit
N
）
product O
）
technique
B
It isn't just the beer that
（
41
）
__________ to beer
bellies
．
It could also be the extra
calories, fat and
unhealthy eating choices
that may come with
（
42
）
__________drinking
．
A recent study
found that men consume an
（
43
）
__________ 433 calories
（
equivalent to a McDonald's
double
cheeseburger
）
on days they drink a
moderate amount of alcohol
．
About 61% of
the caloric
increase comes from the alcohol
itself
．
Men also report eating higher
amounts of saturated fats and meat,
and less
fruit and milk, on those days than on days when
they aren't drinking, the study
showed
．
Women
fared a bit better,
taking in an extra 300 calories on moderate-
drinking days, from the alcohol and eating
fattier foods
．
But women's increase in
calories from additional eating wasn't
statistically significant, the
study
said
．
'Men and women ate less healthily on
days they drank alcohol,' said Rosalind Breslow,
an
epidemiologist with the federal National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and lead
author of
the study
．
'Poorer food
choices on drinking days have public-health
（
44
）
__________,' she
said
．
The
findings dovetail with
controlled lab studies in which
（
45
）
__________ generally eat more
food after
consuming alcohol
．
Researchers suggest that alcohol may enhance 'the
short-term rewarding effects' of
consuming
food, according to a 2010 report in the journal
Physiology & Behavior that reviewed previous
studies on alcohol, appetite and
obesity
．
But other studies have pointed to
a different trend
．
Moderate
drinkers
gain less weight over time than either heavy
drinkers or people who abstain from alcohol,
particularly women, this research has
shown
．
Moderate drinking is
（
46
）
__________having about two
drinks a day for men and one for
women
．
'People who gain the least weight
are moderate drinkers,
regardless of
[alcoholic] beverage choice,' said Eric Rimm, an
associate professor of epidemiology and
nutrition at Harvard Medical School and
chairman of the 2010 review of alcohol in the
federal dietary
（
47
）
__________
．
The
weight-gain difference is modest, and 'starting to
drink is not a weight-loss
diet,'
he said
．
The various research efforts form
part of a long-standing
（
48
）
__________ about how
alcohol affects people's appetites, weight and
overall health
．
Researchers say there
aren't simple answers,
and suggest that
individuals' metabolism, drinking patterns and
gender may play a role
．
Alcohol is 'a real
wild card when it comes to weight management,'
said Karen Miller-Kovach, chief scientific officer
of
Weight Watchers International
．
At
seven calories per gram, alcohol is closer to fat
than to carbohydrate
or protein in caloric
content, she said
．
Alcohol tends to lower
restraint, she notes, causing a person to
become more
（
49
）
__________
with what they're eating
．
Research
bolstering the role of moderate
drinking in
helping to control weight gain was published in
2004 in the journal Obesity Research
．
That
study followed
nearly 50,000 women over
eight years
．
An earlier study, published
in the American Journal of
Epidemiology in
1994, followed more than 7,000 people for 10 years
and found that moderate drinkers
gained less
weight than nondrinkers
．
Studies comparing
changes in waist circumference among
different
groups have yielded similar
results
．
Dr
．
Rimm said it isn't
clear why moderate drinking may be
（
50
）
__________ against typical
weight gain, but it could have to do with
metabolic
adjustments
．
After people
drink alcohol, their heart rate increases so they
burn more calories in the
following
hour
．
'It's a modest amount,' he
said
．
'But if you take an individual that
eats 100 calories instead of a glass of
wine,
the person drinking the glass of wine will have a
slight increase in the amount of calories
burned
．
'
A
：
indulgent
B
：
participants C
：
debate
D
：
considered
E
：
contributes
F
：
contest G
：
guidelines
H
：
protective
I
：
moderate
J
：
index K
：
implications
L
：
considerate
M
：
additional
N
：
experienced O
：
owes
面试试题
1．【真题】文化产业快速发展，中国电影票房迅速增长，你如何看？
2．【真题】如何看待社会慈善事业？
3．【真题】当遇到别人比你强，有的人会嫉妒，有的人会羡慕，怎么看待这个问题?
4．【真题】如何看待电信诈骗案？
5．【真题】如何评价小孩登上舞台？
6．【真题】如何看待国学问题？
7．【真题】新常态经济是什么？
8．【真题】互联网大数据你有什么理解？
9．【真题】民以食为天，食以安为先你如何理解？
10．【真题】抗日神剧你如何看待？
11．【真题】举出自己最喜欢的三个英文翻译成中文的词，例如可口可乐等，并说明理由。
12．【真题】谈谈吴佩孚、段祺瑞等人为何被称为“北洋军阀”。
13．【真题】如何看待经济发展与文化之间的关系。