英语改错
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冒顶片帮-瘪嘴
pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking University. ____2
The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3
within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4
families to moderate size.
This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5
the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high risk categories. ____6
The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7
maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8
pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9
mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than two years apart.____10
1. 将 had used 改为 used。
因为此句是虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反,故条件从句中应使用一般过去时。例如:
Many would be wise if they did not think themselves wise. 许多人原本会成为聪明人-如果他们不自以为聪明的话。
2. 将 publishing 改为 published
report和publish时逻辑动宾关系,故应使用publish的过去分词短语来修饰report。例如:
Any discovery that we may make, however small, will remain acquired knowledge. 任何可能的发现,不管多么微不足道,都将成为知识宝库中的一部分。
3. 将 theirs 改为 their
4. 将 among 改为 between
在两次怀孕期间留出足够的间隔时间,故用between。
5. 将过去分词 excluded 改为介词 excluding
excluding意为“不包括……”
6. 将 respectably 改为 respectively
respectively 意为 “分别地 ”，符合句子的意思。而respectably意为“可敬的，值得尊敬地 ”。
7. 将 evidences 改为 evidence
evidence是不可数名词。
8. 将ill改为illness
9. 将 year 改为 years
10. 将 lesser 改为 less
本帖最后由 江畔明月 于 2011-11-9 10:30 编辑
"Home, sweet home" is a phrase that express an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the family house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home _____1
has great importance for many ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers of American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house _____2
for one's family, and started a farm. These small households were _____3
portraits of independence: the entire family- mother, father, children,even grandparents-live in a small h
like. The two are really different, and people who have the faculty for one very seldom have a faculty for the others. _____9
Science in itself is harmless, more or less. But as soon as it can provide technology,it’s not necessarily harmful. No society has yet earned to forecast the consequences of new technology, which can be enormous._____10
参考译文：
1. 在 which 前加 in，或将 which 改为 where 在这里which引导限制性从句,修饰先行词the society。in which 在从句中作状语,当然也可以用关系副词where引导定语从句,并在从句中作状语,例如:Money is a bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned.
2. 将 as 改为than。
3. 将 So 改为 But 或者 However 或者 Nevertheless 因为这里上下文是转折关系。
4. 将 about 去掉 因为explain是及物动词。
5. 将 you 改为 they。
6. 将 like 改为 as 因为such as 是固定搭配。
7. 将 takes 改为 gives give rise to表示“引起，导致”之意。
8. 将 differ 改为 distinguish 牵着表示“有区别”。后者表示“区分，找出……的差别”。
9. 将 others 改为 other 这样the other就和上文的one构成固定搭配，表示在两个中“一个……；另外一个……”。
10. 将 harmful 改为 harmless，只有这样才可以表达上下文的对比关系。
What is a black hole? Well, it is difficult to answer the question,as the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon __1
are adequate here. Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is __2
a region of space which matter has fallen and from which nothing can __3
escape—not even light. But we can’t see a black hole. A black hole __4
exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter. It is only space—or thus we think. How can this happen? __5
The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point; they “collapse” and sometimes a supernova occurs.
The collapse of a star may produce a “White Dwarf” of a “neutronstar”—a star which matter is so dense that if continually shrinks by the force of __6
its own gravity. But if the star is very large, this process of shrinking may be so intense that a black hole results in. Imagine the earth reduced to the __7
size of a marble, but still having the same masses and a stronger __8
gravitational pull, and you have some ideas of the force of a black hole. __9
And no matter near the black hole is sucked in. __10
参考答案：
1 将as 改为since或者because 在表示原因的连接词中，只有as引导的原因状语从句不能位于主句之后，只能位于句首。
2 将adequate 改为inadequate,或者在are后加not 从逻辑上分析，因为我们拥有的科学术语“不充足”，所以才无法回答这个问题，所以用否定形式。
3 在which 前加into 这是一个定语从句，
5 在felt 后加for 这句话实际的结构是feel a sense of wonder for whales指“对鲸怀有惊奇的感觉”，for引出对象。
6 在exploit后加them capture, slaughter, exploit都是及物动词，后面必须加宾语。
7 去掉but 前面已有even though，后面就不应该再用but。
8 将since改为from 100 years from now指“从现在起100年后”since 只能用于完成时。
9 在blame前加to be to blame for sth 指“对某事应负责任”，为固定搭配。
10 在always前加has 这个定语从句强调对现在的影响，很明显应该用完成时，不能用过去式。
本帖最后由 江畔明月 于 2011-11-21 09:53 编辑
第六期：
We use language every day. We live in a world of words. Hardly any moment passes with someone talking, writing or reading. Indeed, __1
languages is most essential to mankind. Our lives increasingly depend on fast and successful use of language. Strangely enough, we know __2
more about things around us than on ourselves. For example, language __3
is species specific, that is, it is language that differs human from __4
animals. However, we do not know yet how exactly we inquire language __5
and how it is possible for us to perceive through language; nor we __6
understand precisely the combinations between language and thought, __7
language and logic, or language and culture; still less, how and when language started. One reason for this inadequate knowledge of language is that we, like language users, take too many things for granted. __8
Language comes to every normal person so naturally that a few __9
of us stop to question what language is, much less do we feel the necessity to study it. Language is far more complex than most people have probably imagined and the necessity to study it is far greater than some people may have assured. Linguistic is a branch of science which takes language as its object of investigation.__10
1 with 改为 without hardy any moment passes without someone… 两个否定: without 和hardly,意思是“每一时刻有人……”。
2 fast 前面加the 因为fast and successful use 这个词组后边有一个前置词短语 of language 修饰use，所以被修饰的词前面加定冠词。
3 than on ourselves 改为than things on ourselves 在这里比较的是两件事:things around us and things on ourselves(我们周围的事物和我们自身的东西)。第二个things不能省略，否则引起误解。
4 differs 改为distinguishes 语言区分人与动物，differ是不及物动词，后面不能带宾语，只能用介词，如：Man differs from animals in that man possesses language。
5 inquire改为acquire 习得语言应该是acquire language，名词短语是language acquisition。 Inquire 是“询问”的意思。
6 we前面加上do 副词nor放在句首表示强调,应用倒装句，一般现在时强调句是在主语前面加助
动词 do。
7 combination改为relationships 语言和思维的关系，不是结合，语言和思维的关系是当代语言学研究的重要领域。
8 like 改为as 根据上下文,要表达的意思是“作为语言的使用者”，不是“像语言的使用者”。
9 a 去掉 这里是否定的意思：“我们没有多少人……”而不是“我们一些人……”。
10 assured 改为 assumed 这句的后半部分意思是“研究语言的必要性比我们想象的要大得多”。Assure译为“确保”；assume译为“假设”或者“想象”的意思。
第七期：
Whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years before, you can’t help being strucked by the __1
appearance of the women taking part. Their hair styles and make-up look date; their skirts look either too long or too short__2
their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous.
The men taking part, on other hand, are clearly recognizable. __3
There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entire different age. This illusion is created __4
by changing fashions. Over the years, the great minority of men __5
have successfully resisted all attempts to make it change their __6
style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each year,a fewer so-called top designers in Paris and London lay down __7
on the law and women around the world run to obey. The __8
decrees of the designers are unpredictable and me they decide arbitrarily, that skirts will be short and __9
waists will be height; hips are in and buttons are out. __10
1 strucked改为struck或者stricken。
过去分词形式有误。strike的过去式是struck,过去分词为struck或者stricken。
2 date改为dated或者outdated。
3 on other hand 改为 on the other hand。
4 entire改为entirely 副词修饰形容词different，并与different一起修饰age。
5 minority改为majority 从上下文以及常识判断,多半男性成功地抵制了改变他们服装款式的企图,即多年来,男性大服装款式跟女性服饰相比没有多大的变化。
6 it改为them them指代the great majority of men。
7 fewer改为few 此处没有比较的意味。
8去掉on lay down为习语，表示“规定(规则，原则，法规等)”。
9 sometime改为 sometimes。
10 height改为high 形容词作be 的表语。
本帖最后由 江畔明月 于 2011-11-25 09:40 编辑
第八期
Demographic indicators show that Americans in the post war period were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth rate to a twentieth century height __1
after more than a hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom." __2
These young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively large families that went for more than
two decades and caused a major but temporary __3
reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a ounger age than their __4
Europe counterparts. __5
Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women who formed__6
families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the divorce rate after a __7
postwar peak; their marriages remained intact to a greater extent than did that of __8
couples who married in earlier as well as later decades. Since the United States __9
maintained its dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in Europe. __10
Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner and homemaker was not abandoned.
改成peak
2.a steady decline的a去掉
改成tendency
改成higher
改成European
去掉
heless改成though
8.a去掉
改成Although
改成to
本帖最后由 江畔明月 于 2011-11-29 09:45 编辑
改错第九期：
When you start talking about good and bad manners you immediately start
meeting difficulties. Many people just cannot agree what they mean. We asked a
lady, who replied that she thought you could tell a well-mannered person on the __1
way they occupied the space around them—for example, when such a person
walks down a street he or she is constantly unaware of others. Such people never __2
bump into other people.
However, a second person thought that this was more a question of
civilized behavior as good manners. Instead, this other person told us a story, __3
it he said was quite well-known, about an American who had been invited __4
to an Arab meal at one of the countries of the Middle East. The American __5
hasn't been told very much about the kind of food he might expect. If he had __6
known about American food, he might have behaved better. __7
Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked, to
him, very much as a napkin. Picking it up, he put it into his collar, so that __8
it falls across his shirt. His Arab host, who had been watching, __9
said of nothing, but immediately copied the action of his guest. __10
And that, said this second person, was a fine example of good manners.
1.将on改为by。 "by the way"作“根据……方式”讲。
2. 将unaware改为aware 根据下文中的"Such a person never bump into other people"判断,这种人不会“目中无人”。
3. 将as改为than "more + adj/of + n + than"是固定搭配。
4. 将it改为which which在此引导一个非限制性定语从句,which在从句中作主语,需要注意的是,在从句中he said是插入语。
5. 将at改为in 名词the country前要用介词in。
6. 将hasn't改为hadn't 根据上下文我们可以看出这里需要使用过去完成时。
7. 将American改为Arab 根
据上文,我们可以看出,这里讲述的是赴“阿拉伯”传统宴会的“美国人”的故事,而不是赴“美国”传统宴会的“美国人”的故事。
8. 将as 改为like 介词as意思为“作为”,like意思为“像”。
9. 将falls改为fell 这里要使用一般过去时。
10. 将第一个of删掉 say作为及物动词,后面可直接跟名词作宾语。
A great many cities are experiencing difficulties which are nothing new in the history of cities, except in their scale. Some cities have lost their original purpose and have not found new one. And any large or rich city is __1
going to attract poor immigrants, who flood in, filling with hopes of __2
prosperity which are then often disappointing. There are backward towns on the edge of Bombay or Brasilia, just as though there were on the edge of __3
seventeenth-century London or early nineteenth-century Paris. This is new is __4
the scale. Descriptions written by eighteenth-century travelers of the poor of Mexico City, and the enormous contrasts that was to be found there, are very __5
dissimilar to descriptions of Mexico City today—the poor can still be numbered __6
in whole monstrous growth rests on economic prosperity, but behind it lies __7
two myths; the myth of the city as a promised land, that attracts immigrants __8
from rural poverty and brings it flooding into city centers, and the myth of the __9
country as a Garden of Eden, which, a few generations late, sends them flood __10
-ing out again to the suburbs.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
参考答案：
1. 在 new one 前加 a. 这里one指代上下文中的可数名词purpose,因此该词前要有限定词。
2. 将 filling 改为 filled. 在这里,非谓语动词fill与句子的who(poor immigrants)之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此要使用过去分词来表示被动意义。
3. 去掉 though。
4. 将 this 改为 what. 根据句子结构,我们可以看出这里需要一个关系代词,它既能引导主语从句,同时也可以在从句中作主语,这个关系代词就是what。如:What I like in a good author is not what he says,but what he whispers。
5. 将 was 改为 were. that引导定语从句,其先行词是descriptions…and the enormous contrasts,因此谓语动词be要用复数。
6. 将 dissimilar 改为 similar. 这里要表示的是“共同，相似”之处。
7. 将 lies 改为 lie. behind it lie two myths 是个倒装句，主语为two myths，可见谓语动词要使用复数。
8. 将 that 改为 which. 这里是一个非限制性定语从句，因此不可用that，而要用which。
9. 将 it 改为 them. 复数名词immigrants的代词，所以要用复数形式。
10 将late改为later。