词汇辨析
徽商职业技术学院-九年级班主任工作总结
词汇的辨析!
haul, drag & pull 这几个词都是动词,都有
“
拖
”
、
“
拉
”
、
“
拽
”
之
意
。
1. haul
指缓慢而费力地拖一极重之物,有时可表示很困难地拽。
Lorries haul
heavy goods from factories to the ports.
大卡车把沉重
的货物从工厂运到港口。
指施力者在地面或表面上缓慢而沉重地把东西拖过一段距离,该词通常
使人想到主动或被动的阻力。例如:
You might drag a heavy box
across the ground if you couldn’t
lift it.
如果你提不动一个重箱子,你可以在地上拖着它走。
:
指朝任何方向移动,一般后接副词或副词
词组以表示移动方向
They pulled hard but the rock
remained immovable.
他们拼命地拉,但这块石头仍然不动
Supplement: vt. add to sth. in order to
improve it
(followed by
with
)
•
eg: The doctor suggested supplementing my diet
with vitamins E and A.
•
spray: vt.
force out liquid in small drops upon
(followed
by
with
)
•
balance
的反义词是
imbal
ance
。
此外,与
balance
有关的其他搭
配有:
•
keep one’s balance
保持平衡
lose one’s
balance
失去平衡
•
strike a
balance
力求折中
in the
balance
不确定成败或安危未
定
illustrate,
exemplify & demonstrate
这三个词都是动词,都有
“
举例
说明
”
之意。
•
illustrate
表示不仅使用具体事例而且有
时使用图画,目的是使说明
生动、逼真或有效,从而真实地说明某一观点。例如
:
The way that a pump works is used to illustrate
how
the
heart sends blood around the
body.
exemplify
表示使用事例说明一个笼统而抽象的陈述,或佐以揭示某
一提法的真实。例如
:
Knights exemplified
courage and courtesy.
•
demonstrate表示用足够数量及可靠的证据说明某一学术争论、结
论的真实性,也可用于说明人或事。例如: Galileo demonstrated that objects of
different
weights fall at the same
speed.
suspect: 1. believe to be true, likely
or probable
suspect that…2. believe to be
guilty suspect .
of
suspect, assume &
presume
这几个词都可用作动词,都有
“
主观
想像”之意
。
Assume
意思是
“
假定
”
、
“
设
想
”
,指把一件尚未证实的事作为事实或真理。
He assumed
that the train would be on time.
presume
也有“假定”、“设想”的意思,但它指根据过去的经验或某些
现实的感觉把某事认为事实,虽然还没有确定的证据。:
The court presumed
the death of the man that
disappeared during
the war.
pick up:1) be ready to
pay
3) gain; get4) improve
2) take hold of
and lift up
5) gather together; collect
6)
collect someone or something from a place
did
you pick up your excellent English?
(3)
has been ill, but she’s picking up now.
(4)
picked up a stone and threw it at the
window.
(2)
pick up all your toys when
you’ve finished playing.
(5)
he loses
the case, Michael will have to pick up the bill
for legal costs.
(1)
6.I’ll pick you up
at your hotel.
(6)
•
scale: n. a
relative level or degree (usu. used in the
phrase
on a … scale
)
•
device,
instrument & implement
这几个词都可用作名
词,都有“用具”、“
器具”之意。
•
device
表示“(为某种用途而制作或改装的)装置、器具”。<
br>•
I have fitted a device to my car which
opens the
garage
•
doors automatically
我车上装了一个能自动开启车库门
的装置。
•
instrument
表示“器械”、“仪器”、“发动机(或航海、航
空等)的测量仪器
”、“仪表”,是为技术工作设计的工
具,着 重于工具的精密与复杂。例如:
All surgical
instruments must be
sterilized before
use.
所有外科手
术器械使用前都必须消毒。
•
.
implement
指“工具”、“器具”,是通常用于户外的工具,尤
指园艺的或农用的。例
如
Man’s earliest implements
were
carved from stone and
bone.
人类最早的工具是用
石头和骨头制成的
•
profit,
interest & advantage
这几个词都可用作名词,均
有
“
利益
”
、
“
好处
”
之意。
•
profit
指在物质与精神方面的好处,但以金钱方面为主。
•
As is known to
the world, capitalists are tireless in
hunting
for super profit.
•
interest
当“利益”讲时常用复数形式。
•
A
public servant is to work in the interests of the
public.
•
advantage 常指有利条件或优势地位。例如:
Don’t you
think it a double advantage for
us?
Difficult words analysis
slender, thin &
slim
这几个词都有细小、瘦弱之意。
slender
主要表示苗条之瘦,往往含有瘦得好看或匀称
的意思。例如:
Film
actress Zhang Ziyi is a slender woman.
电影演员章子怡身材苗条。
When the wind blows, the
slender tree bends but
never breaks.
起风时,这棵细长的树常弯曲但决不会断。
thin
表示人或物的直径与长度的比例较小。例如:
This metal may be
thin but is of great strength.
这种金属虽然很薄,但强度却很高。
People usually get thinner
after an illness.
生病后,人们通常变得瘦一些。
slim
用于指人与动物时,其含
义与
slender
相同,但在引
申意义上却侧重于贫乏和不足状态。例如:
As a slim boy, he has now filled out.
他原是一个清瘦的男孩,现在胖多了。
To tell you the truth,
your chances to pass the exam are
too slim.
实话告诉你,你考试过关的希望实在是太小了。
against one’s
principle
as a matter of principle
by
principle
违反原则
作为原则性问题
按照原则,根据原则
有原则的
of principle
坚持原则
adhere to one’s principles
abandon one’s principles
抛弃原则
historic & historical
这两个词都是形容词,都有“
历史上的
”
之意。
historic
泛指历史上有名的或富有历史意义的。例如:
This change in
government is a historic event of our times.
这项政府变革是当代具有历史意义的大事。
The signing of the
Declaration of Independence was a
historic
occasion.
《独立宣言》的签署是具有历史意义的事件。
historical <
br>主要意思是属于历史的,历史上的,与历史
有关的,真实的而不是传说中的。例如:
He
gave all his historical papers to the library.
他把他所有的历史资料都赠送给这个图书馆。
at all risks (=at any
risk)
无论冒什么危险;无论如
何
at the risk of
冒
……
之险;不顾
……
之风险
peer:
vi. look closely or carefully, esp. as if unable
to see
well (followed by
atthroughinto
, etc.)
peer, gaze &
stare
这三个词都是动词,都有注视、凝视之意。
peer
通常指半闭着眼睛看
,并伴随着向前移动,含有好
奇地看或难以看清的意味。例如:
The old man
peered at her over his spectacles.
老头儿从他的眼镜上方盯着她。
Short-sighted people often
peer at others when they
are wearing no
glasses.
近视眼的人不戴眼镜时常常眯着眼看人。
gaze
指持久不停地看
,通常有惊奇、羡慕、感叹等含义。例如:
All of us gazed at the
beautiful view in the distance.
我们都凝视着远方美丽的景色。
Stare
指出于好奇、惊讶、茫然或赞叹等原因而瞪大眼睛长时间、
直接地注视
The
woman stared at the stranger in astonishment.
那个女人吃惊地盯着陌生人。