重庆交通职业技术学院-教师师德学习心得

第47卷 第8期
电力系统保护与控制
Vol.47 No.8
2019年4月16日 Power System Protection and Control Apr. 16, 2019
DOI: 10.7667PSPC180674
配电线路单相断线故障保护方法
康奇豹
1
，丛 伟
2
，盛亚如
2
，王
玥
婷
3
(1.国网河北省电力有限公司雄安新区供电公司，河北 雄安 071700；2.电网智能化调度与控制教育部重点实验室
(山东大学)，山东 济南 250061；3.国网山东省电力公司烟台供电公司，山东 烟台 264000)
摘要：为了减小 单相断线故障对供电质量造成的不良影响，针对配电线路单相断线故障，提出了一套系统的保护
方法。利 用电路原理和中性点电压偏移理论，对简单断线故障和伴随接地的复杂故障情况下线路首末两端电压和
流 经线路的电流特征进行了分析，总结了各电气量的变化规律，提出了一组由电流判据和电压判据组成的单相断线故障判断和保护方法。研究了基于电压判据的断线故障类型及故障区段的判断方法，进一步分析了不对称运 行、
互感器断线等异常情况对所提判据的影响和相应的改进方案。利用PSCADEMTDC仿真软件进 行了算例仿真，结
果验证了理论分析结果的正确性和断线故障保护方法的有效性。
关键词：配电线路；断线故障；故障诊断；断线保护
Protection methods of single-phase broken-line fault for distribution line
KANG Qibao
1
, CONG Wei
2
, SHENG Yaru
2
, WANG Yueting
3

(1. State Grid Xiongan New Area Power Supply Company, Xiongan 071700, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Power System
Intelligent Dispatch and Control, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China;
3. State Grid Yantai Power Supply Company, Yantai 264000, China)
Abstract: In order to reduce the

adverse effect caused by single-phase broken- line fault to the

power supply quality, a

systematic protection method is proposed for the single-phase broken-line fault of the distribution line.

Using circuit
principle and neutral point voltage shift theory, this paper analyses and summarizes the features of the voltages at both
ends of the fault line and the current flowing through the fault line when single-phase broken-line fault with or without a
grounding fault occurs. The judgement and protection method that consists of the current criterion and the voltage
criterions for single-phase broken-line fault is proposed. The methods for judging the fault type and the fault location are
studied based on the voltage criterions. The influences of abnormal operating status like asymmetry operation and
transformer disconnection on the criterion and the corresponding protection methods are analyzed. Simulation is carried
out in PSCADEMTDC, which ensures the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the protection
methods.
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51877126).
Key words: distribution line; broken-line fault; fault diagnosis; fault protection
0 引言
配电线路位于电力系统的末端，担负着为用户
供 电的重要责任。近年来，由于气象灾害、导线过
载和外力破坏等原因，断线故障呈多发态势
[1 ]
。断
线故障会导致负荷侧三相电压、电流不再对称，出
现的负序、零序分量会对各类 负荷特别是旋转设备


基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目资助(51877126)
造成严重损害
[2]
。此外断线故障常伴随接地故障形
成复杂故障，易导致火 灾和人畜触电危害，甚至发
展为相间短路故障，扩大停电范围。
配电线路断线故障的频发已经 逐渐引起了人们
的重视。文献[3-6]对于配电线路断线故障导致的电
气量变化、尤其是各序 分量的变化特征进行了分析，
但没有涉及断线故障判定方法；文献[7-9]提出基于
负序分量 进行断线故障选线和定位，但负序分量在
配电网中的获取具有较大局限性；文献[10-11]提出