TOEFL 写作整理
中秋节的小报-香港回归资料
TOEFL写作整理
首段写法：
1．
背景句
：（1）定义法句型：适用于物做主题的句型。
Topic, aan+同位语（表本质）+定语从句，has become been popular
indispensable essential crucial in people’s
daily life(in every corner of
people’s life).
(has aroused attached much attention popularity)
(2) 背景法：适用于各种句型。
a. It is generally commonly universally
acknowledged that+主题+has
becomeplayed an
important significant essential indispensable role
part in every corner of people's daily life.
b. Nowadays, it is fiercely
popularly commonly widely universally
debated
disputed discussed controversial debatable
disputable+about
that+主题。
c .伴随状语：With the considerable dramatic development
advancement
progress improvement promotion of
in+(科学、教育、经
济、社会、安全)，an increasing growing
rising number
amount of+主题+has have aroused
attached public
concern.
d.倒装句：Recently presently currently, there is a
popular debate
argument dispute, controversy
discussion about thatwhether+
从句
e.被动句：Contemporarily in recent years, a great
emphasis concern
attention has been placed put
on to+主题。
2.
过渡句
：原则：改写题目观点。
方法：1.换词：同义词替代、词性转换。
2.换句型：主被动转换、强调句型、倒装句型。
常用句型：1.
There is a perception perspective considering
that……
2. Some people
claim suggest indicate present that……,while
others argue proclaim advocate that……
3. Some people put hold that……,while a counter-
argument presents
that……while others object to
reject it.
3.
主题句
：表明立场：支持、反对、让步。
pros：（1）I completely extremely agree that……
（2）I am convinced that……
（3）I
subscribe to the notion that……
（4）I concede to the opinion that……
（5）It is possible for me to accept that……
（6）It is obvious conspicuous apparent prominent
reasonable that……
（7）There is
much evidence to show that……
（8）There is a considerable possibility to support
that……
cons：（1）I firmly totally
disagreed that……
（2）I am
unconvinced not convinced that……
（3）It’s
difficult impossible for me to accept that……
（4）It’s unbelievable inconceivable incredible
that……
（5）It’s unjustifiable unreasonable to
say that……
（6）There is little no evidence to
show support that……
（7）There is a slight
possibility like hood probability that……
让步立场：（1）Although……have has certain positive
effects in……to……，the negative
impacts in
……appears more prominent influential
conspicuous.
（2）Although……have has certain
positive effects in……to……，the negative
impacts
in ……can never by no means on no account be
ignored neglected.
（3）Although……have has
certain positive effects in……to……，by no
means
on no accountcan the negative impacts in…… be
ignored neglected.
（4）Although……have has
certain positive effects in……to……，its negative
impacts in……have has receive arouse the
priority.
中间段写法：
结构
：a. Main idea.(one
sentence only)
b. supporting sentences(3~4
sentences)
Main ideas:支持立场：正+正+正
反对立场：反+反+反
让步立场：正+反+反
Main idea 1: It can be noted that……
It is quite normalusualpossiblecommon that……
It is not unbelievableincredibleinconceivable
that……
It is undoubted
thatundeniableindisputable that……
It
is universally acknowledged that……
It is
obviousapparentprominentidentifiableconspicuous
that……
Main idea 2: Meanwhile, there is no
doubt that……
(Positive) Additionally, there
is no denying the fact that……
In
addition, there is much evidence to
showindicatesupport that……
Furthermore, there is a considerable
possibilitylike hoodprobability that……
Another significant factor to supporthighlight……is
that……
Main idea 3: Despite its
importancesignificance, I tend to concede that……
(Negative) On the negative side, we
must admitaccept that……
By
contrast, it has been agreed admitted that……
In comparison, we have to recognize the fact
that……
However, the strongest
argument against……is that……
On the
contrary, it can’t be neglected ignored that……
Supporting ideas: Explaining解释法
Extending推理法
Exemplifying 举例论证法
Contrasting 正反对比论证法
Sorting 分类论证法
1.
解释法：即解释中心句的具体含义：whathowwhy
常用词：Preciselyspecifically更精确的说
That is to
say,
By this I mean that……
In
other words,……
To be more precise,……
Here I am referring to the fact that……
2.
推理法：即假如之上条件成立，会得出什么样的结果
常用词：In
this casesense,
If this is
the case,
Indeedin
factactuallyin actual fact
N
aturallyapparentlyobviouslyprominentlyremarkablyid
entificably，……
Generallydefinitelyundoubtedly,……
Under the circumstance of……
With the importanceappearancepositive
effectimpactsinfluences of……
3.
举例论证法：即用具体的人或事来证明这一理论或观点。
常用词：Such asjust likejust
asnamelyincludingespeciallyparticularly
Peculiarly+短语（n.）
For
exampleinstance, take……as an
exampleillustration+句子
A typicalstandardreasonableidentifiable example of
this is that……
举例不宜情况：不要列举数据，除非表明出处——数据应模糊化。
不要写自己或朋友的生活经历——个人改为整体、
中国式的例子（古代名人、事迹或现象）——个别现象应该为普遍现象。
总结：举例要有概括性，不能太具体。
4.
正反对比论证法：即把中心句分成正反两方面对比论证。
常用词：In comparison, byI n contrast
On the contrary, on the other handside
On the counter part, howeverneverthelesscontrarily
5. 分类法：即将论点按一定标准分类说明。
常用词：首先：initiallyon the one handfirst of allin the
first placeto begin with
其次：subsequentlyon the other handin additionfor
another
thingfollowing this
再次：besidesadditionallymoreoverfurthermore
结论段：
原则： 总结主体部分main ideas:
1.重申立场
2.提出建议或解决办法
3.让步法总结分支观点
4.不要加入新观点
结尾常用连贯词：In
conclusionsummarybriefshortgenerala word
To concludesum upsummarize
Brieflyconsequentlyfinallyultimatelyoverall
重申法句型：1. To sum up, from what has been
discussedanalyzed above, we may safely
draw(reachcome toarrive at), the conclusion
that……
In summary, taking into
account all these factors,……
Consequently, judging from all evidence offered,……
2. In brief, all the evidence
(analyze) supports
(justifiesconfirmswarrantspoints to)
an
unshakableunmistakable conclusion that……
建议法句型：1. It is high time
that……placed(putattached)
great(specialconsiderable) emphasis
on the imp
rovement(developmentadvancementincreasepromotionpr
ogress)
of……（主题）
2. There is little doubt
(no denying the fact) that serious
(specialadequateimmediatefurther)
attentionconcern must be
called(paiddevoted)
to doing……
让步法句型：, A is superior to B in
……，but A pales as compared with B in ……
ein
spite of the fact that A has made a great
differencecontribution to……
（has given
varietyrisea push to……），it meanssounds nothing
when compared
with B in some aspects.
gh……has somecertain positive effects in……，its
negative impacts
appear more prominent in……
格式：顶格写；段落之间空一行。