大克劳斯和小克劳斯-同学会感言

插
插
入
入
语
语
插入语[parenthes is]在一个句子中间插入一个成分,它不作句子的
何种成分,也不和句子的何种成分发生结构关系,同 时既不起连接作用,也不
表示语气,这个成分称之插入语。如“这堆砂土,充其量有十辆卡车就运去了”“我家后面有一个很大的园子,相传叫做百草园”中的“充其量”和“相传”
即是插入语英语中 的插入语插入语一般对一句话作一些附加的
说明。它是中学英语语法的重点，也是高考的考点。通常与句 中其它部分
没有语法上的联系，将它删掉之后，句子结构仍然完整。插入语在句中有
时是对一句 话的一些附加解释、说明或总结；有时表达说话者的态度和看
法；有时起强调的作用；有时是为了引起对 方的注意；还可以起转移话题
或说明事由的作用；也可以承上启下，使句子衔接得更紧密一些。掌握这< br>一语言现象不仅有利于对英语句子等的理解，还有利于提高写作等的水
平。插入语的类型较多，常 见的如下几种：
一、形容词（短语）作插入语。能用作插入语的形容词（短语）常
见的有：tr ue，wonderful，excellent，strange to say，most important of all，
sure enough等。如：True，it would be too bad.真的，太糟了。
Wonderful，we have won again.太好了，我们又赢了。Strange to say，
he hasn?t got my letter up to now.说来也奇怪，他到现在还没有收到我的
信。Most important of all，we must learn all the skills.最重要的 是，我
们必须掌握所有的技巧。
二、副词（短语）作插入语。能用作插入语的副词（短语）有： indeed，
surely，still，otherwise，certainly，howeve r，generally，personally，honestly，
fortunately，lu ckily，though，besides，exactly，perhaps，maybe，probabl y，
frankly，or rather等。如：When he got to there，he found，however，
that the weather was too bad.可是到了那儿之后他发现，那儿的天气太坏
了。Otherwise，he would still be at home.不然的话，他还会在家的。
三、介词短语作插入语。能用作插入语的介词短语有：in fact，in one?s
opinion，in general，in a word，in other words，in a few words，of course，
by the way，as a result，for example，on the contrary，on the other hand，to
one?s surprise，in short，as a matter of fact，in conclusion，in brief等。如：
You can?t wait anymore-in other words，you should start at once.你不能再
等了——换言之，你得立即出发。On the contrary，we should strengthen
our corporation with them.相反，我们应该加强和他们的合作。
四、V-ing（短语）作插入语。能用作插入语的V- ing（短语）常见的有：
generally speaking，strictly speaking，judging from by，talking of，considering
等。如：Generally speaking，the weather there is neither too cold in winter
nor too hot in summer.一般来说，那儿的气候冬天不太冷，夏天不太热。
Judging by his clothes，he may be an artist.从衣着来判断，他可能是个艺
术家。五、不定式短语作插入语。能用作插入语的不定式短语有：to be frank，
to be honest，to be sure，to tell you the truth，to make matters worse，to sum
up，to start with，to begin with等。如：To be frank，I don?t quite agree
with you.坦率地说，我不太同意你的意见。To tell you the truth，I?m not
so interested in the matter.跟你说实话，我对这件事情的兴趣不大。To
sum up，success results from hard work.总而言之，成功是艰苦努力的结
果。
六、句 子（陈述句和一般疑问句）作插入语。能用作插入语的句子有：
I am sure，I believe，I think，I know，I suppose，I hope，I?m afraid，you see，
what?s more，that is to say，as we know，as I see，believe it or not等。如：
Some animals only half-hibernate，that is to say，their sleep is not such a deep
one.有些动物只是半冬眠，就是说，它们的睡眠并不是深度睡眠。I
believe，China will catch up with the developed countries sooner or later.我
确信，中国迟早会赶上发达国家。He can?t pass the exam，because he
doesn?t study hard. What?s more，he isn?t so clever.他不能通过这次考试，
因为他学习不认真，更何况他又不太聪明。
插入语的应用,插入语（句）是说话者对所表达意思的补充 、强调、解释或
者说话的态度，其位置灵活，常常用逗号或破折号与其他成分隔开，并且

在语法上不影响其他成分。例如：I think，she has no feeling for your
trouble. She，I think，has no feeling for your trouble. 我想，她对你的遭
遇无动于衷。
一. 常见的插入语和插入句。
1.插入语常以副词（副词短语）、形容词（形容词短语）、介词短语、非谓
语动词短语等形式 出现。
（1 ）常见的副词及短语：indeed，surely，however，obviousl y，
frankly，naturally，luckily happily for sb. certainly 等。（2 ）常
见的形容词及短语：funny，needless to say （不用说），most important
of all 等。
（3 ）常见的介词短语：by the way，in a few words in sum in short （简
而言之），in other words，in general，in one's opinion judgment （按照
某人的意见），in fact，in the first place，of course，to one's knowledge
surprise regret satisfaction mind joy disappointment 等。
（4 ）常见的现在分词短语：strictly generally honestly personally
exactly physically speaking （严格地 一般地 坦诚地等）说；judging
from by （根据………判断）等。
（5 ）常见的动词不定式短语：to be sure （无疑地），to sum up （概
括地说），to tell the truth，to be honest，to be short，to conclude，to put
it briefly，to put it in another way，to begin （start ）with 等。注
意：上述单词或短语作插入语和状语时的区别。例如：
（1 ）Frankly，he'd like to listen to music.（副词作插入语，表示
说话人的态度）Here you should speak frankly.（副词作状语）
（2 ）True，your daughter is at home now. （形容词作插入语）He
came back，hungry and tired. （形容词作状语）
（3 ）Judging from what he said，he does look down his elder brother. （现
在分词作插入语，其主语不是句中的主语，只是说话者的附加说明）
Seeing from the window，he can see the lake. （现在分词作状语，逻辑主
语是句中的主语he ）
（4 ）To tell you the truth，he doesn't quite agree with this idea. （不定
式作插入语，动作主体不是句中的主语，只是说话者的附加说明）To
buy the machine，he went to Beijing. （不定式作目的状语，逻辑主语是句
中的主语he ）
2.插入句为简短的、具有完整意义的句子。常见的插入句如下：I think
hope guess know believe suppose，I am sure （我可以肯定地说），that
is （to say ）（也就是说），it seems （看来是），as I see it （照我看来），
what's more，what's worse，what is important serious （重要 严重的
是），I'm afraid （恐怕），it is said （据说），as we all know （众所
周知）等。插入句独立性强，一般用标点符号将其与其他句子成分隔
开。应当特别注意疑问句的插入句， 它一般为倒装语序且无任何标点符号，
而且整个疑问句应当保持陈述语序。例如：
（1 ）What should I do first？What do you think I should do first？
（被插入的疑问句原来为倒装语序，插入后成为陈述语序）（2 ）
Who is singing？Who do you think is singing？（被插入的疑问句原来
就是陈述语序，不需要做调整）
二. 插入语（句）在试题中的应用。
1. 单项选择。由于插入语通常与句中其他成分没有语法上的关系，命 题者
有意在句中插入一个从句或插入语，造成主谓分离，给考生的理解带来一
定的困难和干扰。 例如：
（1 ）He made another wonderful discovery，______ of great importance
to science. （上海1998 ）
A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is
分析：这是一个非限制性定语从句，which 在从句中作主语，代替the
discovery .做这类题目的方法是先将插入语I think 去掉，然后再将句子还
原成为He made another wonderful discovery，which is of great importance
to science. 问题就迎刃而解了。正确答案：A .

（2 ）In fact ______ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an
important football match. （上海2001 ）
A. this B. thatC. there D. it
分析：in fact 在 句中实际担当插入语，只不过没用逗号隔开，意思是“实
际上，对警察来说在一次重大的足球比赛中，维 持秩序是一项困难的工
作”。空格容易把句子当成fact 的同位语从句而误选B .正确答案：D
（3 ）－Alice，you feed the birds today，_____？－But I fed it
yesterday. （广东1999 ）
A. do you B. will youC. didn't you D. don't you
分析：这是特设语境，插入语Alice 暗示后面句子为带主语的祈使句，正
确答案：B .
（4 ）Who do you think _______ us a talk this afternoon？
A. to give B. gaveC. will give D. giving
分析：do you think 是一个插入语，将其去掉的话，剩余部分用陈述语序。
正确答案：C .
（5 ）Philip is a New Yorker，_______ ，he lives in New York.
A. that is B. besidesC. after all D. in one word
分析：直接选择适合上下文语境的插入语。正确答案：A .
2.阅读理解和 完形填空。阅读中出现大量插入语会增加理解障碍。熟练掌
握插入语，有利于分析句子结构，理解文章大 意。例如：I，of course，
like a bicycle better. It doesn't cost me much，yet it brings me a lot of
convenience. What's more，it doesn't pollute the air. Bicycles are really good
friends of people's.
3. 写作。书面表达要求语言连贯、地道，恰当使用插入语，可以给文章增
色不少。例如：Like most of my schoolmates，I have neither brothers nor
sisters －in other words，I am an only child. My parents love me dearly of
course and will do all they can to make sure that I get a good education. They
do not want me to do any work at home；they want me to devote all my time
to my studies so that I'll get good marks in all my subjects. We may be one
family and live under the same roof，but we do not seem to get much time to
talk together. It looks as if my parents regard me as a visitor or a guest. Do they
really understand their own daughter？How things are in other homes，I
wonder.
（NMET 2001 ）强化训练：
I. 单项选择：
. Anderson，______ I thought died three years ago，is still living.
A. who B. whomC. that D. which
plays football _______，if not be better than David.
A. as well B. as well asC. so well D. so well as
truth，sir，is that the old man _______ across the road when the car
hit him.
A. was to walkB. had been walkingC. walkedD. was walking
4. The repair work of Angkor Watt _______ would last at least ten years was
completed within eight years.
A. which people supposedB. which people supposed itC. which
people supposed that isD. people supposed that
worked late last night，______，early this morning.
A. that is B. even worseC. or rather D. namely
must have believed，I think，______ I am a lazy boy.
A. that B. C. which D. what
7._____ we all know，he was a famous writer.
A. Which B. AsC. What D.
8. _____ from the number of the cars，he thought，there weren't many people
at the restaurant yet.
A. Judging B. JudgedC. To judge D. Being judged
______ had to be finished before Friday？
A. they say B. they saidC. did they say D. do they say

came home after midnight，and ________，he was drunk.
A. even more B. very muchC. what's worse D. so much
. Patti gave us another wonderful talk，_______ of great importance to
our English study.
A. I think which is B. I think it isC. which I think is D. which I think it
refused the invitation to David's party the next week，_________ of
course made him puzzled.A. what B. whereC. when D. which
II. 完成句子。
13.严格说来，加拿大英语和美国英语不完全一样。_______，Canadian
English is not the same as American English.14. 老实说，我不同意你的
想法。________，I can't agree to your idea.
15. 依我看来，青年人喜欢流行音乐。_______，young people enjoy
pop music.
Key：1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C11. C 12. D
13. Strictly speaking 14. To be honest15. In my opinion From my point插入语六大用法小结在英语学习中，插入语是一个比较重要的知识
点。由于插入语是一种独立成分， 通常与句中其他成分没有语法上的关系，
许多同学在学习过程中会有一定的困难。其实，插入语大都是对 一句话进
行附加说明或解释，通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成，常置于句
首、句中或句 末，一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开。下面举例归纳插入语
的几种用法。
例1 _____the more expensive the camera，the better its quality.
l speaking ng general
lly speaking ng generally
解析：本题答案为lly speaking为分词短语，意思是“一般来说 ”，
在句中用作插入语。小结：许多分词短语可以用作插入语，这样的分
词短语有：stric tly speaking（严格地说），generally considering（一般认为），
judging from……（根据……判断）等。
例2 Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. ____，neither of them could
fact unately lly
解析：本题答案为unately为副词，意思是“令人遗憾地，不 巧，可
惜”，在句中用作插入语。小结：常用作插入语的副词或副词短语有：
indeed（的 确），surely（无疑），however（然而），frankly（坦率地说），
obviou sly（显然），naturally（天然地），luckily （happily）for sb.（算某
人幸运），fortunately（幸好），strangely（奇怪），briefly（简单地 说）等。
例3 Your performance in the driving test didn?t reach the required standard，
_____，you failed.
the end other words the same time
解析：本题答案为 other words为介词短语，意思是“换句话说”，在句
中用作插入语。小结：常用作插入语的介词短语有：in conclusion（总
之），in a word（简而言之），in short（简而言之），in general（一般说来），
in a sense（在某种意义上），in my view（在我看来），in his opinion（按照
他的看法），in fact（事实上），at first（首先），in addition（此外），of course
（当然），to my surprise（使我惊奇的），to her regret（使她遗憾的），for
example（例如）等。
例4 It is so nice to hear from her._____，we last met more than thirty years ago.
,s more is to other words e it or not
解析：本题答案为e it or not为一分句，意思是“信不信由你”，在
句中作 插入语。小结：用简短的句子结构作插入语，它们常置于句中
或句末。这类简短的句子有：I am sure（我可以肯定地说），I believe（我
相信），do you know（你知道吗），you see（你明白），I?m afraid（恐怕），
it is said（据说），I suppose（我想），what?s more（而且），what?s worse（更

糟糕的是），that is（也就是说），what is important（重要的是）等。
例5 _____ with you，I have no money to spare.
addition r
be frank ?s
小结：常用作插
8._____，success results from hard work.
sum up ?s worse
still enough
such a I know，there is _____ car in this neighborhood.
such such a
解析：本题答案为 be frank为不
定式短语，意思是“坦率地说”，在句中用作插入语。
made another wonderful discovery，_____ of great importance to
I think is I think it I think it D.I
入语的不定式短语有：to be sure（无疑地），to sum up（概括地说），to tell
the truth（老实说）等。
例6 _____，he should have done such a ng general
e to y course解析：本题答案为e
to say为形容词短语，意思是“说也奇怪”，在 句中用作插入语。小结：
常用作插入语的形容词或其短语有：true（真的），funny（真可笑） ，needless
to say（不用说），most important of all（最为重要），worse still（更糟糕的），
even better（更好）等。【试题设计】
1._____，he often forgot to turn off the better e
r ately
and，_____ island in the world，covers over two million square
is the largest is the the largest
largest
awful accident_____，however，occur the other
to to
day Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise，she ____
something she would regret said say
have has brains. In fact，I doubt whether anyone in the class
has ____IQ.A.a high B.a higher higher highest
was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others，_____，of
course，made the others envy
7._____ the general state of his health，it may take him a while to recover from
the give given
think which is
day，_____，Newton saw an apple fall from a tree.
?s more C. it is said addition
【参考答案】1～5 BDBDB 6～11 DACDAC
sum up