审理电子商务侵害知识产权纠纷若干问题的解答(中英版)
难忘的八个字-浙江理工大学招生网
北京市高级人民法院
关于审理电子商务侵害知识产权纠纷案件
若干问题的解答
1. 什么是电子商务、电子商务平台经营者和网络卖家？
本解答所述的电子商务是指根据信息网络公开传播的商品或服务的交
易信息进行交易
的活动。以信息网络作为交流通道、支付通道或交付
通道，但交易信息不在信息网络公开传播的交易活动
不属于本解答所
述的电子商务。
电子商务平台经营者，是指为电子商务
提供交易平台，即为交易信息
的公开传播提供网络中间服务的网络服务提供者。
网络卖家，是指利用电子商务平台经营者提供的网络服务提供商品或
服务的交易方。
2. 审理电子商务侵害知识产权纠纷案件的基本原则是什么？
审理电
子商务侵害知识产权纠纷案件，在依法行使裁量权时，应当兼
顾权利人、电子商务平台经营者、网络卖家
、社会公众的利益。
Beijing Municipal Higher
People’s Court
Guidelines (“Q&A”) to Several
Issues Related to Adjudicating E-Commerce
Cases Involving IP Infringement
1. What is
electronic commerce, electronic commerce platform
operator and a
network seller?
Electronic commerce stated in the Q&A refers
to trading activities based on the
trading
information of commodities or services that is
public on the Internet. Trading
activities in
which the Internet is used as the channel for
communication, payment or
delivery but the
trading information is not public on the Internet
do not belong to
electronic commerce stated in
the Q&A.
An electronic commerce platform
operator refers to a network service provider that
provides a trading platform for electronic
commerce, namely, a network service
provider
that provides network agent services for trading
information which is public
on the Internet.
A network seller refers to a trading
party that provides commodities or services by
using the network service provided by an
electronic commerce platform operator.
2. What
are the basic principles for adjudicating
E-Commerce Cases Involving
IP Infringement?
When adjudicating E-commerce Cases
involving IP infringement, discretion should
be made according to law and by balancing
benefits of right holder, electronic
commerce
platform operator, network user and the public.
电子商务平台经营者应当承担必要的、合理的知识产权合法性注意义
An
electronic commerce platform operator should bear
necessary and reasonable
务。能够以更低的成本预防和制止侵权行为的权利人或电子商务平台
duty of
noticing the legality of intellectual property. A
right holder or an electronic
commerce
platform operator that can prevent or stop
infringement at lower cost
经营者应当主动、及时采取必要措施，否则应当承担不利后果。
should take
necessary measures in an active and timely manner,
otherwise, they shall
bear adverse
consequence.
3. How to judge the infringement
liability of self-operating type electronic
3.
如何认定自营型电子商务平台经营者的侵权责任？
commerce platform
operator?
电子商务平台经营者以自己的名义向公众提供被控侵权交易信息或从
When an
electronic commerce platform operator provides the
trading information
事相应交易行为侵害他人知识产权的，应当承担赔偿损失等侵权责任。
accused of
an infringement to the public or undertakes
corresponding trading
activities in its own
name resulting in violating others' intellectual
property, the said
operator shall bear
the infringement liability of compensation for
losses.
When an electronic commerce platform operator
does not clearly mark that the
电子商务平台经营者未明确标示被控侵权交易信息或相应交易行为由
trading
information accused of an infringement or
corresponding trading activities
他人利用其网络服务提供或从事的，推定由其提供或从事。
are provided or
undertaken by others using the network services
thereby, it is
deduced that the trading
information accused of an infringement or
corresponding
trading activities are provided
or undertaken by the electronic commerce trading
platform operator.
4.
电子商务平台经营者承担赔偿责任的条件是什么？
网络卖家利用电子商务平台经
营者的网络服务提供被控侵权交易信息
或从事相应交易行为侵害他人知识产权的，应当依法承担赔偿损失
等
侵权责任。
电子商务平台经营者知道网络卖家利用其网络
服务侵害他人知识产
权，但未及时采取必要措施的，应当对知道之后产生的损害与网络卖
家承担
连带赔偿责任。
5. 如何认定电子商务平台经营者知道？
知道包括明
知和应知。明知指电子商务平台经营者实际知道侵权行为
存在；应知是指按照利益平衡原则和合理预防原
则的要求，电子商务
平台经营者在某些情况下应当注意到侵权行为的存在。
电子商务平台经营者对利用其网络服务公开传播的交易信息一般没有
主动监控义务。
不能仅因电子商务平台经营者按照相关管理要求进行
交易信息合法性的事前监控，或者客观上存在网络卖
家利用其网络服
4. What are requirements for the
infringement liability born by an electronic
commerce platform operator?
When a
network seller violates others' intellectual
property by providing the trading
information
accused of an infringement or undertaking
corresponding trading
activities using the
network services of an electronic commerce
platform operator,
the network seller shall
bear the infringement liability to compensate for
losses and
the like according to law.
When an electronic commerce platform operator
knows that a network seller violates
others'
intellectual property by using network services
provided thereby and yet does
not take
necessary measures in a timely manner, the
electronic commerce platform
operator shall
bear joint and several liabilities for
compensation with the network
seller for
damages done after knowing.
5. How to judge
“Know” of an electronic commerce platform
operator?
an electronic commerce
platform operator actually knows the existence of
a tortious
act;
interests balance and the
principle of reasonable prevention, an electronic
commerce
platform operator shall notice the
existence of a tortious act in certain
circumstances.
In general, an electronic
commerce platform operator has no obligation to
actively
supervise the trading information to
the public through the network service provided
thereby. The “Know” of an electronic commerce
platform operator for the existence
of a
tortious act cannot be judged for sure just
because an electronic commerce
务侵害他人知识产
权的行为，就当然认定电子商务平台经营者知道侵
权行为存在。
platform
operator conduct a pre-supervision for the
legality of the trading
information according
to relevant regulations, or a network user
violates others'
intellectual property by
using network services thereby.
6.
认定电子商务平台经营者“知道网络卖家利用其网络服务侵害他人
6. What are
elements for judging an electronic commerce
platform operator
“know a network seller
violates others' intellectual property by using
network
知识产权”的要件是什么？
services thereof”?
同时符合以下情形，可以认定电子商务平台经营者知道网络卖家利用
It can be
judged that an electronic commerce platform
operator knows that a network
seller violates
others' intellectual property by using network
services thereof under
其网络服务侵害他人知识产权：
the
concurrent following conditions:
(1) Knows or should have known that the
trading information accused of an
（1）明知或应知被控侵权交易信息通过其网络服务进行传播；
infringement
is circulated through network services thereof;
（2）明知或应知被控侵权交易信息或相应交易行为侵害他人知识产
(2) Knows or
should have known that the trading information
accused of an
权。
infringement or
corresponding trading activities violates others'
intellectual property.
7.
如何认定特定信息公开传播前电子商务平台经营者“知道网络卖家
7. How to judge
whether an electronic commerce platform operator
that a network seller violates others’
intellectual property right by using
利用其网络服务侵害他人知识产权”？
network services thereof
符合以下情形之一的，可以推定电子商务平台经营者在被控侵权交易
It can be
deduced that an electronic commerce platform
operator
have known the trading information
accused of an infringement is circulated through
信息公开传播前“明知或应知被控侵权交易信息通过其网络服务进行
network
services thereof
传播”：
accused of an
infringement under one of the following
conditions:
（1）电子商务平台经营者与提供被控侵权交易信息的网络用户合作经
(1)
A partnership exists between an electronic
commerce platform operator and a
network user,
and the electronic commerce platform operator
should have known the
营，且应当知道被控侵权交易信息通过其网络服务进行传播；
trading
information accused of an infringement is
circulated through network
services
thereof;
（2）电子商务平台经营者从被控侵权交易信息的网络传播或相应交易
(2) An
electronic commerce platform operator directly
obtain economic benefits
from the trading
information accused of an infringement or
corresponding trading
行为中直接获得经济利益，且应当知道被控侵权交易信息通过其网络
activities,
and the electronic commerce platform operator
should have known the
服务进行传播；
trading
information accused of an infringement is
circulated through network
services
thereof;
(3) Other conditions
can deduce that an electronic commerce platform
operator
（3）电子商务平台经营者在交易信息公开传播前明知或应知被控侵权
交易信息通过其网络服务进行传播的其他情形。
circulated through
network services thereof
information.
In the above conditions, if the
trading information accused of an infringement or
在上述情形中，如被控侵权交易信息或相应交易行为侵害他人知识产
correspondin
g trading activities violate others’ intellectual
property right, it can be
权，推定电子商务平台经营者“知道网络卖家利用其网络服务侵害他
deduced that
an electronic commerce platform operator “knows
that a network seller
violates others’
intellectual property right by using network
services thereof”.
人知识产权”。
8. 如何认定
交易信息公开传播后电子商务平台经营者“明知或应知被
控侵权交易信息通过其网络服务进行传播”？
8. How to judge whether an
electronic commerce platform operator
should
have known that the trading information accused of
an infringement is
circulated through network
services thereof
information?
符
合以下情形之一的，可以推定电子商务平台经营者在被控侵权交易
信息公开传播后“明知或应知被控侵权
交易信息通过其网络服务进行
传播”：
（1）被控侵权的交易信息位于
网站的首页、各栏目的首页或网站的其
他主要页面等明显可见的位置；
（2）电子商务平台经营者对被控侵权交易信息进行了人工编辑、选择
或推荐；
<
br>（3）权利人的通知足以使电子商务平台经营者知道被控侵权的交易信
息通过其网络服务进行传播
；
（4）电子商务平台经营者在交易信息公开传播后明知或应知被控侵权
交易信息
通过其网络服务进行传播的其他情形。
It can be deduced that an
electronic commerce platform operator
have
known the trading information accused of an
infringement is circulated through
network
services thereof
of trading information
under one of
the following conditions:
(1) The trading information accused of an
infringement is located at an
conspicuously
visible position, like the homepage of a website,
the front page of
each section or other major
pages of a website;
(2) An electronic
commerce platform operator manually edited,
selected or
recommended the trading
information accused of an infringement;
(3) The notice from a right holder is
sufficient to make an electronic commerce
platform operator know that the trading
information accused of an infringement is
circulated through the network services
thereof; and
(4) Other conditions can
deduce that an electronic commerce platform
operator
circulated through network
services thereof
information.
9.
如何认定交易信息公开传播后电子商务平台经营者“明知或应知被
9. How to judge
whether an electronic commerce platform operator
should have known that the trading information
accused of an infringement or
控侵权交易信息或相应交易行为侵害他人知识产权”？
corresponding
trading activities violate others’ intellectual
property right
public circulation of
trading information?
符合以下情形之一的，可以推定电子商务平台经营者在被控侵权交易
It can be
deduced that an electronic commerce platform
operator
have known the trading information
accused of an infringement or corresponding
信息公开传播后“明知或应知被控侵权交易信息或相应交易行为侵害
trading
activities violate others’ intellectual property
right
他人知识产权”：
the trading information
accused of an infringement under one of the
following
conditions:
(1) Explicit self-confession of unauthorized
by a right holder exist in trading
（1）交易信息中存在明
确表明未经权利人许可的自认，足以使人相信
information, which is
sufficient to convince people of a highly possible
侵权的可能性较大；
infringement;
（2）知名商品或服务以明显不合理的价格出售，足以使人相信侵权的
(2) Famous
commodities or services are sold at obviously
unreasonable price, which
is sufficient to
convince people of a highly possible infringement;
可能性较大；
(3) A notice from a right
holder which is sufficient to convince people of a
highly
（3）权利人的通知足以使人相信侵权的可能性较大；
possible
infringement;
（4）电子商务平台经营者在交易信息公开传播后明知或应知被控侵权
(4) Other
conditions can deduce that an electronic commerce
platform operator
交易信息或相应交易行为侵害他人知识产权的其他情形。
corresponding trading activities violate
others’ intellectual property right
public
circulation of trading information.
10. 联系信息不明导致权利人无法通知应如何处理？
电子商务平台经营者未公开其名称、联系方式等信息，或公开的信息
有误，导致权利人在发现侵权行为
后无法发送通知的，电子商务平台
经营者对因此导致的损害扩大部分承担连带赔偿责任。
10. How to deal with the case in which a right
holder cannot send a notice
because of the
lack of clear contact information?
When
an electronic commerce platform operator does not
disclose the title, contact
information and
other information or discloses incorrect
information resulting in that
a right holder
cannot send a notice upon discovering a tortious
act, the electronic
commerce platform operator
bears the joint and several liabilities for
compensation
for the resulting expanded
damages.
11. The requirements for a right
holder on a notice?
权利人认为网络卖家利用电子商务平台经营者提供的网络服务侵害知
When a right
holder believes that a network seller commits an
intellectual property
识产权的，有权以书信、传真、电子邮件等方式通知电子商务平台经
infringement
by using network services provided by an
electronic commerce
platform operator, the
right holder shall be entitled to notify the
electronic commerce
营者采取删除、屏蔽、断开链接等必要措施。通知应当包含下列内容：
trading
platform operator to take necessary measures such
as deletion, block, or
disconnection via
written letter, fax, e-mails or other ways. The
notice shall include
the following
contents:
(1) The information
of a right holder, such as the name (title),
contact information
（1）权利人的姓名(名称)、联系方式和地址等信息;
and address;
(2) Detailed
information sufficient to accurately locate the
trading information
（2）足以准确定位被控侵权交易信息的具体信息;
accused of an infringement;
（3）证明权利归属、侵权成立等相关情况的证据材料;
(3) Evidence
materials that prove relevant cases such as the
right ownership and
infringement
constitution;
11. 对权利人的通知有何要求？
（4）权利人对通知的真实性负责的承诺。
权利人发送的通知不符合上述条件，视为未发出通知。
12.
权利人提交通知时是否需要提交实际交易情况的相关证据？
根据公开传播的交易
信息足以对侵权与否进行判断的，权利人可以不
提交实际交易的商品或服务的相关证据。
根据公开传播的交易信息不足以对侵权与否进行判断的，或者权利人
主张交易信息与
实际交易的商品或服务不一致的，权利人可以提交实
际交易的商品或服务的相关证据。
13.
电子商务平台经营者如何处理通知？
权利人的通知及所附证据能够证明被控侵权交易信息的
侵权可能性较
大的，电子商务平台经营者应当及时采取必要措施，否则认定其有过
错。
必要措施应当合理，应当与侵权情节相适应，否则电子商务平台经营
者应当依法承担法律责任。
(4) The promise of a right holder
for the authenticity of the notice.
When
the notice sent by a right holder fails to meet
the above conditions, it is
regarded that the
notice is not sent.
12. Whether a right holder
is required to submit relevant evidences of
effective
trading together with a notice?
When public trading information is
sufficient to determine whether an infringement
is committed, a right holder may not submit
relevant evidences of commodities or
services
in actual transactions.
When public
trading information is not sufficient to determine
whether an
infringement is committed, or the
claim of a right holder on trading information is
inconsistent with commodities or services in
actual transactions, the right holder may
submit relevant evidences of commodities or
services in actual transactions.
13. How shall
an electronic commerce platform operator deal with
a notice?
If the notice of a right
holder and the attached evidences can prove a
highly possible
infringement for the trading
information accused of an infringement, an
electronic
commerce platform operator shall
take necessary measures in a timely manner, and
otherwise it is judged that the electronic
commerce platform operator has a fault.
Necessary measures shall be reasonable and
shall accord with the infringement
severity,
and otherwise the electronic commerce platform
operator shall bear legal
liability
according to laws.
施的情况告知网络卖家，并及时将所采取措施的相关情况告知权利人。
After
taking necessary measures, an electronic commerce
platform operator shall
网络卖家联系方式不清楚导致无法通知的，电子商务平台经营者应当
inform a
network seller in a timely manner of the notice
and relevant situations of
taking necessary
measures, and inform a right holder in a timely
manner of the
在网络上公告通知的内容。
relevant
situations of taking necessary measures. If a
network seller is not reachable
due to
unclear contact information, an electronic
commerce platform operator shall
publish
the content of the notice on a network.
14.
May a network seller submit a counter notice?
14. 网络卖家是否可以提交反通知？
网络卖家可以在电子商务平台经营者告知的合理期限内提出要求恢复
A network
seller may submit a counter notice to request the
restoration of the deleted
被删除的内容，或者恢复被屏蔽、被断开的链接的反通知。逾期不提
contents,
blocked or disconnected links within the proper
time limit informed by an
electronic commerce
platform operator. When a counter notice is not
sent within the
出反通知的，视为认可电子商务平台经营者采取的必要措施。
time limit, it is regarded that the network
seller acknowledges necessary measures
taken by the electronic commerce platform
operator.
反通知应当包含下列内容：
The
counter notice shall include the following
contents:
（1）网络卖家的真实姓名(名称)、联系方式和地址;
(1)
The authentic name (title), contact information
and address of a network seller;
（2）足以准确定位交易信息的具体信息;
(2) Detailed
information sufficient to accurately locate the
trading information;
（3）不构成侵权的证明材料;
(3)
Evidence materials to prove that an infringement
is not committed; and
(4) The promise of a
network seller for the authenticity of the counter
notice.
（4）网络卖家对反通知真实性负责的承诺。
网络卖家发送的反通知不符合上述条件，视为未发出反通知。
When the
counter notice sent by a network seller fails to
meet the above conditions,
it is regarded
that the counter notice is not sent.
15. How
shall an electronic commerce platform operator
deal with a counter
15. 电子商务平台经营者应当如何处理反通知？
notice?
电子商务平台经营者在采取必要措施后，应当及时将通知及所采取措
电子商务平台经营者收到网络卖家发送的反通知后，应当将网络卖家
的反通知转送给权利人，并告知权利
人在合理期限内对侵权是否成立
进行确认。
权利人在合理期限内撤回本
次通知，或者未对侵权是否成立进行确认
的，电子商务平台经营者应当及时取消必要措施，恢复被删除的
内容
或者恢复被屏蔽、被断开的链接。
权利人在合理期限内确认侵权成立，且网络
卖家提供的证据不能充分
证明电子商务平台经营者采取的措施是错误的，电子商务平台经营者
不
必取消所采取的措施。
16. 如何确定错误通知或错误采取措施的法律责任？
权利人因错误发送通知，或者在接到反通知后错误确认侵权，损害网
络卖家的合法权
益的，应当依法承担赔偿责任。
电子商务平台经营者错误采取措施，或采取措施
不合理，或错误取消
必要措施，损害权利人或网络卖家的合法权益的，应当依法承担赔偿
责任。
After receiving a counter notice sent by
a network seller, an electronic commerce
platform operator shall forward the counter
notice of the network seller to a right
holder, and inform the right holder to confirm
whether an infringement is committed
or not
within a proper time limit.
If a right
holder withdraws the notice within a proper time
limit, or does not confirm
whether an
infringement is committed, an electronic commerce
platform operator
shall undo necessary
measures in a timely manner, and restore deleted
contents or
blocked or disconnected links.
If a right holder confirms that an
infringement is committed within a proper time
limit, and the evidences provided by a network
seller fail to adequately prove that the
electronic commerce platform operator takes
incorrect measures, the electronic
commerce
platform operator shall not necessarily undo
measures.
16. How to decide the legal
liability of an incorrect notice or incorrect
measure
taken?
A right holder shall
bear liability for compensation according to laws
for infringing
on the legal right of a network
seller due to incorrect notice sent, or incorrect
confirmation of an infringement upon receiving
a counter notice.
An electronic commerce
platform operator shall bear liability for
compensation
according to laws for infringing
on the legal right of a right holder or network
seller
due to incorrect measure taken, or
improper measure taken, or incorrect cancellation
of necessary measures.
电子商务平台
经营者因为权利人或网络卖家的错误行为而承担了赔偿
责任后，有权依法向权利人或网络卖家追偿。
An electronic commerce platform
operator shall have the legal recourse against a
right holder or network seller for bearing
liability for compensation due to a
wrongdoing
of the right holder or network seller.