紧张怎么办-六级算分

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对外经济贸易大学
2007年硕士学位研究生入学考试初试试题
考试科目：832工商管理综合
请将所有问题的答案都写在答题纸上，并注明题号。
直接写在试卷上为无效答案
时间：3小时
第一部分管理专业英语(70分)
一、True False Questions (8 points)
1. In order to be considered a manager, an individual must coordinate the work of
others.
2.
3. Managers tend to operate under assumptions of bounded rationality.
4. The more the current plans affect future commitments, the longer the time frame
for which managers should plan.
5. Innovators need the efficiency, stability, and tight controls of the mechanistic
structure.
6. Being happy at work results in employees being productive workers.
7. A formal group of employees who operate without a manager and are responsible for
a complete work process or segment is referred to as the self-managed team.
8.
9.
Adding vertical depth to a job is called job enlargement.

二、Read the Scenario passages and answer questions (12 points)
Passage I
As a production supervisor, Joe decides on Friday afternoon how many units of output
his employees will be able to produce and on which days certain products will be run
in his department. He also decides which of his employees are going to be responsible
for operating which machines within the department next week, as his employees are
multi-skilled assemblers. On Monday, he informs his employees whom he has assigned to
which machines by handing out assignment
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sheets and informs the employees that the schedule is going to
be difficult due to the increased number of units. He goes on to tell them that he is
sure they can fulfill the schedule because they are such good and skilled employees.
Each day during the week he checks the amount of output that the employees have completed
and the number of units that have been scraped.

1. When Joe decides which of his employees are going to be responsible for operating
which machines, he is performing which of the management functions?

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a. controlling
b. leading
c. planning
d. organizing
2. When Joe decides how many units of output his employees will be able to produce
and on which days certain products will be run, he is performing which of the management
functions?
a. controlling
b. leading
c. planning
d. organizing
3. When Joe cheeks the amount of output that the employees have completed and the number
of units that have been scraped, he is performing which of the management functions?
a. controlling
b. leading
c. planning
d. organizing
4. When Joe tells the employees that he is sure they can fulfill the schedule because
they are such good and skilled employees,
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he is performing which of the management functions?
a. controlling
b. leading
c. planning
d. organizing
5. When Joe performs all of his management functions in a continuous manner, he is
performing which of the following?
a. scheduling process
b. quality controi process
c. management process
d. manufacturing process
Passage II
As vice president of a local manufacturer, you are interested in developing a new
organizational plan. However, you are unsure about several factors. You are not sure
who you should assign to the varying planning tasks. At the same time, several other
issues that could deeply affect your business are pending,
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including rising interest rates and the potential
formation of a new employee union. You must also consider your firm's contracts with
large vendors that extend 5 years into the future.
6. For the most part, you should assign the operational planning activities to
a. line staff
b. top managers
c. lower-level managers

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d. middle managers
7. Which plans should you and other top management members be working on?
a. operational
b. specific
c. overall
d. strategic
8. The issues that may deeply impact your business such as rising interest rates,
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the potential
formation of a new employee union and the firm's contracts with large vendors, are
examples of____________factors that affect planning.
a. environmental
b. uncontrollable
c. outside
d. contingency
Passage III
Michelle is a registered nurse in charge of a new unit at her hospital. She would like
to have a more laid- back approach in dealing with her new staff, but the hospital demands
that there be strict hierarchical levels and that all decisions must be signed off by
Michelle. Sometimes this drives Michelle nuts---the constant filling out of forms, and
so forth. She also feels that the numerous levels of hierarchy are unnecessary and place
barriers between herself and her staff.
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She isn't sure why things have to be so
thinking about speaking with her boss to attempt changing her unit to have more flexibiliy
and fewer roles.
9. Michelle is very concerned about the formal framework by which job tasks within her
nursing trait are divided, grouped, and coordinated within her unit. This framework is
known as the unit's
a. formal organizational chart
b. organizational structure
c. staff
d. span of control
10. Michelle's unit specializes in cardiology cases. Dividing work units up in such
a manner is most representative of____________departmentalization.
a. functional
b. product
c. process
d. customer
11. Michelle is required to sign off on all decisions, suggesting the hospital has what
kind of decision-rnaking authority?
a. centralized
b. formal

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c. autocratic
d. strict
12. Michelle has noticed that everyone is very concerned about the line of authority
within the organization. The line of authority within the organization is also called
a(n) ____________
a. responsibility
b. chain of command
c. span of control
d. organizational strategy
三、 Essay Questions (30 points)
1. Define creativity and innovation. Next, discuss the three sets of variables
that have been found to stimulate innovation.
2. List three shortcuts frequently used in judging others.
3. Discuss five characteristics that are associated with effective teams.
4. Discuss the equity theory and list five probable behavioral responses that
may occur when employees perceive an inequity. [本资料转自贸大
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5. Define Management by Objectives (MBO) and list four elements of this type of
goal setting.
四、 Case Study (20 points)
The First Department Store has been in bad sales condition for a long time,
management decided to change this situation by changing the compensation system.
The original system includes two parts. The first part is called basic salary that
calculated by working hourscapita(每人的工作小时数) multiply(乘以) fixed working
hour wage standard; The second part is called commission income calculated by fixed
commission rate multiply sales. The new compensation system gives up the basic salary
part and increases the fixed commission rate.
For example, under the old system, the sales people earn their salary like
this: $$5(hour wage)*working hours+ 0.5%(commission rate)*sales. Under the new
system,they Will earn their salary by: 5%(new commission rate)*sales. [本资料转
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But this new policy brought complaints in some departments, especially in
those selling low-- priced small items such as daily used cheap products. While the
people in big-ticket items departments such as furniture strongly support this
policy. Meanwhile. the new policy leads to worries about whether sales people will
make the full service and customers' as price when pursing larger sales.
How to solve these problems? Management is facing big difficulties.
Questions:
1. What theories about motivation underline the switch from salary to commission
rate system?
2. What kind of positive and negative effects the new policy will lead to?
3. From management's view, what kind of problems exists in this new policy?

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4. According to your understanding, how to face and solve these problems?

第二部分：管理专业知识(共80分)
一、判断题(选择正确或错误，共5题，每题2分，总计10分)
1、根据阿罗的不可能性定理，在独裁的情况下，不可能存在适合于所有个
人偏好类型的社会福利函数。

2、组织行为研究的目标是解释、描述和预期人们在工作中的行为。

3、行政组织(bureaucracy)被定义为有明确的分工、清晰的管理层次、详
细描述的工作规则和非个人的人际关系网络。[本资料转自
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4、存货的先进先出法使现行成本与现行收入相互配比，从而在利润表上准
确地反映本期利润。
5、
资产账户的增减记录相反。
二、单项选择题(共7题，每题2分，总计14分)
1、正常物品价格上升导致需求量减少的原因在于：
A．替代效应使需求量增加，收入效应使需求量减少：
B．替代效应使需求量增加，收入效应使需求量增加；
C．替代效应使需求量减少，收入效应使需求量减少：
D．替代效应使需求量减少，收入效应使需求量增加。
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2、某一个时期笔记本电脑的需求曲线向右平移的原因可以是：
A．笔记本电脑的价格上升； ，
B．消费者对笔记本电脑的预期价格上升；
C．消费者对笔记本电脑的预期价格下降；
D．消费者的收入水平上升
3、相对于企业市场，消费者市场，
A．购买者数量较少；
B．购买者在地理区域上更加集中；
C．需求弹性较大；
D．购买行为更加理性；
E．买卖双方的关系更加密切。
4、下列陈述中哪一个最好地反映了顾客价值层级(customer value hierarchy)中
产品的核心利益?
A．小丽经常去麦当劳，因为她喜欢9．90元的那种套餐；
B．李经理出差总住在万豪酒店，因为他特别喜欢酒店免费提供的薄荷糖；
C．小王买了一辆捷达牌小轿车解决上班的交通问题：

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D．赵女士常在华联商厦购物，因为她喜欢那里服装的样式；
E．小邓很喜欢北京晨报上附赠的购物优惠券。
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5、会计核算中设置“预提费用”和“待摊费用”账户，是依据( )原则。
A．客观性原则；
B．历史成本；
C．权责发生制；
D．稳健原则。
6、某企业1月份发生下列支出:(1)支付本年度保险费3600元：(2)支付全
年报刊订阅费1200元;(3)支付上年第四季度银行借款利息2000元。本月费
用应为。
A．6800；
B．4800：
C．2800：
D．400．
7、在物价持续下跌的情况下，为贯彻灌慎性原则，存货计价方法应采用：
A．先进先出法：
B。后进先出法：
C．加权平均法：
D．个别认定法。

三、简答题(共4题，每题8分，总计24分)
1、 解释借贷记帐法下 “借”、“贷”的含义，说明各类账户的增减记账方向，并说
明借贷记账法的特点。[本资料转自贸大生 活社区.更多共享资料,免费
下载]
2、简述豪斯(Robert House)的路径一目标理论，然后说明基于路径一目标理论的四种
领导行为。
3、在 一个典型的产品生命周期中，成熟期阶段在产品销售、经营成本、利润水平、顾客
类型、竞争形势等方面 的特点是什么? [本资料转自贸大生活社区.更多
共享资料,免费下载]在该阶段应该确立什么样的营 销目标?在该阶段应该采用何种营销组
合策略?

四、案例分析(共2题，总计20分)
1、联想集团(Lenovo)是中国最大的个人计算 机制造商和奥林匹克顶级赞助商。2004年
12月，联想收购了IBM的个人电脑部门，成为全球第三 大个人电脑巨头。这是中国最大的海
外收购行为之一，耗资12．5亿美元。联想收购将涉及IBM的台 式计算机和笔记本电脑的所有
全球业务，包括研发和制造。 将继续用IBM的品牌、全球营销和销售 网络，为期5年。[本

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资料转自贸大生活社区.更多共享资料,免费下载]在此期间，IBM将为联想
提供服务和会融咨询支 持，而联想将成为IBM首选的个人电脑供应商，使IBM能够为它的中小
型商业客户提供全套个人计算 解决方案。
如何充分利用IBM ThinkPad igq-_笔记本电脑领域的全球性领 导品牌?这已经成为联想
集团领导人思考的重要问题。联想似乎希望抹掉IBM品牌在ThinkPad 上的痕迹，而且越快越
好。IBM ThinkPad正在被Lenovo ThinkPad所取代。 然而，～些业内人士认为，联想在美国市
场发展速度过快，就很多美国消费者而言I—enovo仍然是 一个陌生的品牌，尽管Lenovo在中国
拥有很高的知名度。根据上述描述，回答以下问题：
(1)IBM ThinkPad是～个品牌权益(Brand Equity)很高的品牌，为什么联想却要用Lenovo
ThinkPad来替代它?请列出至少3个理由并解释。(3分)
(2)想象一下美国消费者对以Lenovo ThinkPad命名的笔记本电脑有着怎样的感知
(perception)?请列出至少3种感知。 (3分)
(3)请预测联想下一步的品牌决策。如果逐步放弃ThinkPad而采用品牌延 伸策略，即直
接采用Lenovo作为该产品的品牌名称，你认为是否明智?请说明理由(4分)
2、1921年，艾尔弗雷德·斯隆在通用汽车公司危难之际就任公司总裁。20世纪20年代的
经济衰退使人们对汽车的需求量大为下降。针对需求量的下降，福特汽车公司将其T型车降
价2 5％；[本资料转自贸大生活社区.更多共享资料,免费下载]但是，由于
成本较高，为了维持价格水平 ，通用汽车公司的销售量从1920年夏季到秋季下降了75%。
面对这种情况，斯隆制定了 如下计划：通用公司应当针对不同的细分市场设计不同的汽
车。实施这一计划不仅要产品多样化，而且需 要设计方面的紧密协作。同时，该组织的许多部门
需要以各种不同的方式加以协作。这意味着通用汽车公 司可能需要采取与以往不同的组织结
构形式。
斯隆研究了通用的组织结构后，认为需 要做出一次巨大的变革。在新的组织结构中，任
何人不得干涉各部门做出各种业务决策的基本自主权。每 一部门均为其指定的细分市场制造
并销售汽车。每一部门都有自己的管理队伍，[本资料转自贸大生活社 区.
更多共享资料,免费下载]有权做出自己的业务决策。通用公司总部的主要只能是评估各部门
的业绩，计划并协调整体战略。
斯隆的组织重组获得了巨大的成功。自1927---。1 937年，通用公司赢利20多亿美元。
以后．通用汽车公司又在其产品组合中，增加了从卡车到厨房用 品等多种产品。在过去的组
织结构形式中，这种扩展是不可能的。通用公司率先采取的这种组织形式已经 成为公司的标
准组织特征，使得许多公司能够生产出广泛系列的产品。[本资料转自贸大
生活社 区.更多共享资料,免费下载]请回答下列问题：

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(1)根据案例中对斯隆所提出的新的组织结构的描述，你认为通用采取了哪种组织结构
形式?(3分)
(2)请说明这种新的组织结构的主要特征和优点是什么？（3分）
(3)斯隆所提出的组织结构形式可能会面临哪些挑战?(4分)
五、计算题(共2题，总计12分)
1、已知某垄断厂商的反需求函数为P=100一2Q+(2倍根号A)，成本函数为 TC=3（Q平方）+20Q+A，其中，A表示厂商的广告支出。求：该厂商实现利润最大化的Q、P和A的值。 (6
分)
2、某公司2006年的主要经济业务如下：
(1)收回客户上年欠款250 000元。
(2)销售商品取得现金收入1 800 000元。
(3)归还银行借款本金600 000元；并支付利息36 000元。
(4)购买机器设备支付货款160 000元。
(5)购买原材料800 000元，其中250 000元尚未支付。
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(6)偿还上年所欠的货款420 000元。
(7)缴纳所得税86 000元。
(8)支付现金股利20 000元。
(9)支付职工工资66 000元。
(10)接受所有者追加的入资400 000元。
(11)从银行取得贷款600 000元。

完成下列要求：
(1)将上述各项目引发的现金流量按照经营活动、投资活动和筹资活动进
行归类。 (3分)
(2)计算各类活动产生的现金流量净额。(3分)