残疾人教育条例-汽车网络营销

北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
2020年北京市西城区高三期末英语考试逐题解析

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示 词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，
在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A
Most of us claim we do not have time for exercise. However, many experts say
that exercise plays an important role in making our body healthy. Being (1) ______
(physical) active offers many advantages. As a physical reward, exercise can reduce
weight and the risk of heart disease. Exercise also (2) ______ (bring) good effects
mentally. It can make us feel refreshed and happy, helping us increase our life quality.
Actually, exercise can be done in simple (3) ______ (way). For example, we can take
the stairs rather than the lift. Overall, it’s hard to find time to exercise in our busy lives,
but every little bit helps.
1.
【答案】 physically
【解析】 本题考查副词；Being ______ active部分为动名词作主语，be active为系
表结构，此处应填修饰成分，考虑副词修饰 或限定形容词的情况，将physical变为副
词physically，意味“身体上处于活跃状态 ”，整句含义为“身体上的活跃可以带来很多好
处”，承接后面的例子，并且和后文的Exercise also brings good effects mentally.形成
并列结构；故正确答案是physically。
2.
【答案】 brings
【解析】 本题考查时态语态；本句缺少谓语动词，考虑时态语态相 关知识；主语
Exercise和bring为主动关系，翻译为“锻炼带来……”。再根据句意及上文 判断出，本
句是在阐述科学家们得出的一个结论，叙述客观事实，符合一般现在时的用法，且涉及
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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
主谓一致；又根据主语Exercise判断此处应填第三人称单数形式；故正确答案是brings。
3.
【答案】 ways
【解析】 本题考查名词；根据前面的in可知，空格处 缺少名词；又因为后一句针对
这些方式进行了举例，因此本句中的way为复数形式；故正确答案是wa ys。

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B
It’s a popular belief that fish can’t remember anything (4) ______ longer than
seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that they don’t remember what they’ve eaten
or where they’ve been. But a recent study (5) ______(find) that a kind of fish called
African cichlids can remember events from as long as 12 days ago. Researchers
trained the fish to go a certain area of their tank (6) ______ (get) food. They then
waited for 12 days before (7) ______ (put) them back in the tank again. With the
help of the computer software, they found the fish still went to the same place where
they first got food.
4.
【答案】 for
【解析】 本题考查介 词；根据谓语动词数量判断出空格后的部分是短语而非句子，
因此考虑介词相关知识。根据句意，“很多 人都认为，鱼的记忆不超过7秒钟”可知，
空格及后面的内容充当本句话的时间状语，表示一个时间段； 故正确答案是for。
5.
【答案】 has found finds found
【解析】 本题考查时态语态；首先分析句子结构，that前为主句，缺少谓语动词，考
虑时 态语态相关知识。主语study和谓语动词find为主动关系。时态方面，本题有多
种理解方式：首 先，a recent study表明此为最近一段时间的研究所得出的结论，强调
到现在为止的一个 结果，符合现在完成时的使用条件；其次，某个研究发现了某种结论，
不强调任何的时间，阐述了一个不 随时间变化而变化的事情，符合一般现在时的使用条
件；最后，研究是过去完成的，结论也是先得出之后 ，才写成文章的，强调过去发生的
事情，符合一般过去时的使用条件。在阅读理解文章中，作者有时会阐 述研究的结论，
以上三种时态均有可能用到，且都是正确的句子，只是侧重点不同，导致所选用的时态< br>3

北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
也有所不同；故正确答案是has found finds found。
6.
【答案】 to get
【解析】 本题考查非谓语动词；分析句子结构，判断本句不缺少谓语动词，则考虑
非谓语动词 的相关知识。逻辑主语fish和动词get之间为主动关系。再根据句意，分析
“研究人员训练这些鱼 去到特定区域”和“得到食物”之间的关联，后者为前者的目
的；故正确答案是to get。
7.
【答案】 putting
【解析】 本题考查非谓语动词；根据空格前介词 before，判断空格处应填名词的词
性。提示词put为动词，因此需要变成动名词，且put them属于动宾逻辑，则put为
主动形式的动名词；故正确答案是putting。


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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品

C
In April 2017, two giant pandas from China arrived at a zoo in the Netherlands.
There, they (8) ______ (welcome) to the Chinese-style compound where they were
to live. On May 30, after the preparations were complete, the day finally came (9)
______ the pandas met their fans for the first time. People were excited because (10)
______ zoo is the only place in the country where it is possible to see pandas. In fact,
the last time there were pandas in the Netherlands was in 1987.
8.
【答案】 were welcomed
【解析】 本题考查时态语态；首先分析句子结构，where前为主句，缺少谓语 动词，
考虑时态语态相关知识。主语they和谓语动词welcome之间为被动关系，翻译为“他< br>们被欢迎……”，且此句承接前文的叙述，讲述在2017年4月发生的事情，使用一般
过去时； 故正确答案是were welcomed。
9.
【答案】 when
【解析】 本题考查定语从句；通过本句可以看出，主句完整，从句也完整，而前后两
句之间并不存在因果、让步、 条件等逻辑关系，因此排除状语从句的可能，本句应为定
语从句；从句完整，因此考查定语从句中的关系 副词。通过翻译可知，此处先行词为the
day，从句应补充的含义为“在这一天当中”；故正确答案是when。
10.
【答案】 the
【解析】 本题考查冠词；首先观察到空格在名词zoo之前，并且前文提 到过这个动
物园，此处应该冠词中的特指作用，应使用定冠词；故正确答案是the。


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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A 、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选
项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Pam Bales, an experienced hiker, stepped onto snow- covered Jewell Trail.

The
hike up the lower part of Jewell was ______ (11). But less than an hour later, the
weather was showing its teeth. Bales began to think about calling it a day. Then she
noticed something: a single set of ______ (12) in the snow ahead of her. She'd been
______ (13) unclear tracks all day and hadn't given them much ______ (14), because
so many people climb Jewell Trail. But these, as a volunteer of the Valley Search and
Rescue Team, she ______ (15), had been made by a pair of sneakers, which was
surely not for this kind of trail. Strong wind screamed, and ______ (16) was just hours
away. If Bales continued to follow the tracks, she'd add ______ (17) to the journey.
But the tracks ahead meant someone might be in ______ (18). She could not let this
go. She silently scolded the absent hiker for ______ (19) normal safety rules and
struggled to walk carefully in the direction of the ______ (20).
After about 20 to 30 yards, she rounded a corner and saw a man sitting motionless.
He wore tennis sneakers and a light jacket. She checked him for any sign of ______
(21). There was none. Bales had been trained in search and rescue and knew that he
was hypothermic (体温过低的) and would ______ (22) soon if he didn’t get out of
there. The man said he had lost his way and was extremely ______ (23). Bales
brought a pair of soft-shell pants, a winter hat, and a jacket from her pack. She helped
the man ______ (24) the warm, dry layers onto his body and offered him some hot
cocoa. ______ (25) he stood. She offered continuous encouragement—“Keep going!
You’re doing great.”Just before 6 p.m., they arrived at the trailhead very ______ (26).
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Her climb up to the spot where she ______ (27) the man had taken about four hours.
Two hours had passed since then.
A week later, the president of Bales’ rescue group received a letter in the mail. It
read: “On Sunday October17, I went up my trail, Jewell. ______ (28) was to be bad.
But without thinking too much I was dressed to go quickly. Next thing I knew this lady
was talking to me, changing my clothes, making me warmer. She just kept ______
(29) me. Finally, I learned her name was Pam. The entire time she treated me with
compassion
（同情心）
, confidence, and one hundred percent commitment...”
In the nine years since she saved John, Bales has become something of hiking
legend（传奇人物）. It’s a(n) ______ (30) she never sought or wanted, but one she
certainly has earned.

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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
11. A. long
12. A. clothes
13. A. recording
14. A. response
C. thought
B. boring
B. tools
C. pleasant
C. gloves
D. unforgettable
D. footprints
D. leaving B. following C. covering


B. expectation
D. hope
15. A. realized
16. A. success
17. A. information
18. A. trouble
19. A. knowing
20. A. wind
21. A. power
22. A. recover
23. A. cold
24. A. pick
25. A. Unwillingly
26. A. tired
27. A. treated
28. A. Chance
29. A. praising
C. excusing
B. suggested C. admitted
B. darkness C. freedom
B. interest
B. control
B. making
B. tracks
B. life
B. escape
B. starving
B. pull
C. risk
C. doubt
C. judging
C. sound
C. injury
C. wake
C. sleepy
C. bring








D. remembered
D. disaster
D. pain
D. touch
D. breaking
D. hikers
D. loss
D. die
D. concerned
D. carry
B. Nervously C. Immediately D. Slowly
B. stressed C. upset
B. observed C. located
B. Sight


B. fortune




D. scared
D. protected
D. Weather C. Health
B. encouraging
D. instructing
C. opportunity D. option 30. A. title

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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
11.
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题是形容词题；根据后本句中“But less than an hour later, the weather
was showing its teeth.” ， show its teeth 习语，意为发泄愤怒，负面情感态度，but
转折后天气变得糟糕，所以but前的形容词为正向情感态度。排除AB，由于主人公Pam
Bales是一名有经验的徒步旅行者（an experienced hiker），所以对The hike的情感
是喜爱的而非难忘的，其余选项含义为：long（长的），boring（无聊的）， unforgettable
（难忘的）故正确答案是C。
12.
【答案】 D
【解析】本题是名词题；根据下一句“She'd been______ (13) unclear tracks all day”，
并且下文中多次出现tracks（足迹，踪迹）这个词，并且地点发生在snow-covered Jewell
Trail，所以主人公注意到的是footprint（脚印），其余选项含义为：c lothes（衣服），
tools（工具），gloves（手套）；故正确答案是D。
13.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题是动词题；根据下文“If Bales continued to follow the tracks, she'd add
______ (17) to the journey.”，可知动词为follow，这里考查动 词复现。其余选项含义
为：recording（记录），covering（覆盖）leaving（ 离开）；故正确答案是B。
14.
【答案】C
【解析】 本题是名词题；根据后半句“because so many people climb Jewell Trail.”
因为主人公知道有许多人爬Jewell Trail，所以对于这些足迹没有想太多。 其余选项含
义为：response（回应），expectation（期盼），hope（希望）； 故正确答案是C。

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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
15.
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题是动词题；根据本句“But these, as a volunteer of the Valley Search
and Rescue Team, she ______ (15), had been made by a pair of sneakers, which
was surely not for this kind of trail.”，但是这些爬Jewell Trail的人留下的是运动鞋留
下的足迹，与她看 到的足迹不同，这些内容是主人公通过分析得到的推断，所以为答案
为realize（意识到）。其余 选项含义为：suggested（建议），admitted（承认），remembered
（记得 ）；故正确答案是A。
16.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题是名词题；根据下文“Just before 6 p.m., they arrived at the trailhead
very ______ (26).”此处时间为下午6点，可知这里，几小时后just hours away，黑暗
将至， 答案为darkness（黑暗）其余选项含义为：success（成功），freedom（自由），
disaster（灾难）；故正确答案是B。
17.
【答案】C
【解析】 本题是动词题；根据上一句“Strong wind screamed, and ______ (16) was
just hours away..”，可知“风越来越大，如果 主人公继续跟踪足迹走下去，会增加行程
的风险risk。其余选项含义为：information（ 信息），interest（兴趣），pain（痛苦）；
故正确答案是C。
18.
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题是名词题；根据本句“But the tracks ahead meant someone might be
in ______ (18). She could not let this go.”，这些足迹意味着_____的人，前文天气越来越糟糕，且这些足迹与运动鞋的足迹不同，因此可推断出有人遇到了麻烦，此处考察
固定搭配in trouble 有麻烦。其余选项含义为：in control（控制），in doubt（怀疑），
in touch（联系）；故正确答案是A。

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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
19.
【答案】 D
【解析】本题是动词题；根据本句“She silently scolded the absent hiker for ______
(19) normal safety rules and struggled to walk carefully in the direction of the ______
(20).”，根据本句的谓语动词scold 责备可知，the absent hiker未遵守安全规则，故答
案为break normal safety rules（未遵守安全规则）其余选项含义为：knowing（知道），
makin g（制作），judging（判断）；故正确答案是D。
20.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题是动词题；根据前文“If Bales continued to follow the tracks,
she'd add ______ (17) to the journey.”，主人公在思考是否继续跟踪足迹，本句为She
silently scolded the absent hiker for ______ (19) normal safety rules and struggled to
walk carefully in the direction of the ______ (20).主人公Bales决定继续前进 ，所以答
案为track。其余选项含义为：wind(风)sound （声音）hikers (徒步旅行者)
故正确答案是B。
21.
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题是名词题；根据本段第一句“she rounded a corner and saw a man
sitting motionless”，可知当Bales看到这个男人的时候，那个男人坐在那里 一动不动，
再结合文章前面所说的天气十分寒冷，所以可知Bales是检查这个男子是否有受伤
(injury)的迹象。其余选项含义为：power（力量），life（生命，生活），loss（损失 ，丢
失）；故正确答案是C。
22.
【答案】 D
【解析】 本题是动词题；根据前半句的 “he was hypothermic”和and连接的并列结
构可 知男人体温过低，如果没有离开那里将会很快死去，所以选die。其余选项含义为：
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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
recover（恢复，痊愈），escape（逃跑），wake（醒来）；故正确答案是D。
23.
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题是形容词题；根据后半句“Bales brought a pair of soft-shell pants, a
winter hat, and a jacket from her pack”可知Bales从包里拿出了这些衣服，且由于前
文提到snow-covered Jewell Trail，所以确定天气寒冷，本句 The man said he had
lost his way and was extremely ______ (23).可知答 案是cold。其余选项含义为：
starving（饥饿的），sleepy（困倦的），conce rned（担心的）；故正确答案是A。
24.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题是动词题；考察动宾的搭配，后面的宾语是“the warm, dry layers”可知
B ales是帮助男子把温暖干燥的衣服拉到身上去，之所以用pull这个词是因为男子十
分寒冷所以自 己穿衣服有难度，所以用拉这个词能够体现他穿衣服的艰难。其余选项含
义为：pick（拾起，捡起） ，bring（带来），carry（携带）；故正确答案是B。
25.
【答案】 D
【解析】 本题是副词题；根据前文After about 20 to 30 yards, she rounded a corner
and saw a man sitting mot ionless，男子一动不动，Bales给男子穿上衣服并且给了他
热的饮品之后，男子刚刚恢复， 能够站起来了，所以用slowly来修饰站立stand这个
动作。其余选项含义为：unwilli ngly（不情愿地），nervously（紧张地），immediately
（立刻）；故正确答 案是D。
26.
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题是形容词题；根据本句“Just before 6 p.m., they arrived at the trailhead
very…” 可知当在6点之前到达小路的起点时候，他们走了很久的路，所以他们的状态
应 该是十分疲惫的(tired)。其余选项含义为：stressed（有压力的），upset（沮丧的，失落的），scared（害怕的）；故正确答案是A。

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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
27.
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题是动词题；根据“Her climb up to the spot where she ___ the man had
taken about four hours”，她爬 到那个地点花费了大约4个小时，where引导是定语从
句修饰那个地点，应该就是她发现那个男人的 地点，所以选locate（定位）。其余选项
含义为：treated（对待，款待），observ ed（观察），protected（保护）；故正确答案是
C。
28.
【答案】 D
【解析】 本题是名词题；考察的是名词的原词复现，这是在信件中男子在陈述当天
发生的 事情，所以在介绍了日期，事情之后介绍了那天的天气状况是很糟糕的，和文章
的第一段“the weather was showing its teeth”可知那天的天气很糟糕，而且正好和转折词后但是男子被快速的穿上衣服得到救援形成了对比，体现了虽然天气恶劣但是女子
仍然选择救人的 伟大。其余选项含义为： chance（机会），sight（视力，景象），health
（健康）；故正确答案是D。
29.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题是动词题;根据第二段第七行“She offered continuous encouragement.”
可知女人一直在鼓励这个男 子，所以在信中他写这个女人一直在鼓励他，选encourage。
其余选项含义为：praisin g（表扬），excusing（原谅），instructing（指导，教导）；故
正确答案是B。
30.
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题是名词题；根据前一句“Bales has become something of a hiking
legend”，Bales成为了徒 步旅行的传奇人物，可知这是一个头衔，一个她从来没有去
刻意追寻和想要的一个头衔（title）。 其余选项含义为：fortune（财富），opportunity（机
会），option（选择） ；故正确答案是A。

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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡
上将该项涂黑。
A

Most Helpful Apps for Students
There’s almost an app for everything nowadays, and this can make student life
easier, cheaper, safer and more fun. Whether you want help with taking notes,
revising, waking up on time or keeping fit, read on for our student app picks.
Lecture recording apps
Just a few years ago, students attending lectures would have to spend the entire
time writing wildly on notepads, in order not to miss any vital bit of information. Then
along came technology, and now, lecture recording apps are a reality.
Sound Note is a popular lecture recording app for iPad users. You can store an
entire lecture in both visual and audio form. Other good quality lecture recording apps
include Notes Plus and Audio Memos Free—The Voice Recorder.
Student planner apps
Organization is key for success and well-being at university, and student planner
apps are becoming increasingly popular. As well as saving on paper, many student
planner apps also send reminders and warnings straight to your phone or device.
Popular student planner apps include Timetable, My Class Schedule and Class
Timetable.
Student safety apps
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A number of apps for students have been developed promoting personal safety
if out alone at night. The Circle of Six app is particularly useful for locating lost friends
on nights out and also allows users to send their circle of six friends an instant call for
help at the touch of a button. The GPS tracker will mark your location on your friends’
devices, ensuring you’ll always be able to find one another if necessary. Other student
apps that promote safety include bSafe and React Mobile.
Healthy eating apps
If you’re interested in eating healthily while keeping a student budget, consider
downloading a few healthy eating apps. Examples I’ve come across which are perfect
apps for students include Rockin Ramen, a student app featuring a number of
nutritious recipes with Ramen as a main ingredient, and MealBoard, an app which
plans healthy meals, grocery shops and recipes based on what you’ve got in the fridge.

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31. Which apps send reminders to users?


A. Student planner apps.
C. Student safety apps.


B. Lecture recording apps.
D. Healthy eating apps.
31.
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题考查文章细节；根据文章Student planner apps里的第二句“..., many
student planner apps also send reminders and warnings straight to your phone or
device”可知Student planner apps发送提醒；故正确答案是A。

32. What can we learn about the Circle of Six app?




A. It allows users to seek help during an emergency.
B. It encourages users to communicate with friends.
C. It enables users to store an entire lecture.
D. It helps users to lead a healthy life.
32.
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题考查文章细节；根据the Circle of Six app定位到student safety app
里的第二句“...is particularly use for locating lost friends on nights and also allows
users to send their circle of six friends an instant call for help at the touch of a button”；
由此可知正确答案为A。



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33. The main purpose of the passage is to ______.


A. categorize apps
C. evaluate apps


B. introduce apps
D. compare apps
33.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题为主旨题，文章通篇对四种app 做了介绍，并没有出现对这几种app
之间的categorize（分类）, evaluate（评价）和compare（比较），故答案选B。


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B
Jeremy Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay, Nova
Scotia, had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald’s home.
Whenever he drove past the woman’s home, he assumed that the roof was under
repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of repairman- but
as the weeks wore on, the roof continued to worsen without any signs of repair.
“I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community, I ‘d
be more than happy to,’’ Locke told CBC’.
When Locke finally reached out to MacDonald’s about fixing her roof for free,
however she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity. That
being said, she had already applied for government grant(补助金) to fix the roof and
she said she was more than happy to hire Locke once her grant application was
approved.
Unfortunately, MacDonald never received the approval.
As the stubborn Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke,
the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to
accept his help. He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle(抽奖活动) that his business
was holding for a free roof. After the grandmother-of-four accepted one of the raffle
tickets, Locke told her that she was the winner-because she was the only one who
had entered the raffle.
Thanks to his sweet little plan, Lock and his crew are starting work on the roof this
week, which is expected to cost his company about $$9,000.
Macdonald, meanwhile, told CBC that she doesn’t know how to express her
gratitude to Locke, saying that she is her “guardian angel”.
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“There’s nobody out there like him,” she added.

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34. What did Locke desire to do for MacDonald?




A. Repair her roof.
B. Find a repairman.
C. Run a charity.
D. Raise money.
34.
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题考查文章细节；根据第一段第一句“Jeremy Locke, who owns a
roofing and construction company in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, had always been
wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald’s home. ”可知，Locke一直想为
MacDonald修屋顶；故正确答案是A。






35. Why did Macdonald refuse Locke’s offer initially?




A. She didn’t trust him.
B. She had won a raffle.
C. She didn’t like free help.
D. She has got an official help.
35.
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题考查文章细节；根据第三段第一句“ When Locke finally reached out
to MacDonald’s about fixing her roof for free, however she politely declined his offer
because she did not like to accept charity. ”可知MacDonald不想接受Locke的施
舍，故正确答案是C。

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36. How did Locke finally make MacDonald change her mind?




A. He persuaded her to give up her application.
B. He invited her to enter his business.
C. He gave her about $$9,000.
D. He told her a white lie.
36.
【答案】 D
【解析】 本题考查文章细节；根据第五段第一句“As the stubborn Canadian senior
refused to accept any assistance from Locke, the sympathetic construction worker
played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help. ”可知，为了让
MacDonald接受Locke的帮助，他开了一个没有恶意的玩笑， 故正确答案是D。



37. Which of the following words best describe Locke?






A. Stubborn and tricky.
B. Wealthy and innocent.
C. Determined and warm-hearted.
D. Different and ambitious.
37.
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题考查推断题；根据第二段第一句“I has it in my mind that if no one steps
up to help this lady in our community, I ‘d be more than happy to,’’ Locke told CBC”可
知Locke是一个热心的人；根据第五段第一句“As the stubborn Canadian senior
refused to accept any assistance from Locke, the sympathetic construction worker
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played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help. ”可知Locke是下定决
心要帮助MacDonald,故正确答案是C。

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C
What is the most meaningless thing every Texan will do at the same time this
weekend?
You guessed it. We will “fall back” when our clocks are set backward one hour in
observance of daylight saving time.
This strange practice has an interesting history. In 1784, Benjamin Franklin
published a critical essay in a French newspaper suggesting that Parisians could save
$$200 million through “the economy of using sunshine instead of candles”. Therefore,
many people owe the origin of the idea of daylight saving time to our Founding
Father’s writings. In the United States, the clock changing practice began just over
100 years ago, in 1918, when Congress decided to control time by passing the
Standard Time Act to save energy and create time zones. Back then, coal was our
top energy source and ensuring that Americans had more daylight working hours
made sense.
In 2008, the U.S. Department of Energy assessed the effect of observing daylight
saving time on national energy consumption. It found that resetting our clocks
amounts to a reduction in our total energy consumption of 0.02%. The study also
determined that sticking with one time could actually save about 0.5% of electricity
per day nationwide. Apart from this, the risk of heart attack increases 10% in the days
following springing forward, most likely caused by the interruption of biological
rhythms. Studies also indicate we are more likely to get sick, we are less productive,
and frankly we are just exhausted directly following the time change.
It is hard to explain why we still change our clocks. Perhaps it is due to special
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interests. Congress passed the Energy Act of 2005, which extended the length of
daylight saving time an extra week in the fall, in large part due to an effort by candy
producers to allow for an additional daylight hour on the night of Halloween for trick-
or-treating.
This May, we sought to end this ancient practice. It would have allowed Texans to
vote whether to stay on standard time year-round or daylight saving time year-round.
Our proposal passed the House （众议院）133-9. Sadly, once the bill reached the
Senate （参议院）, it was never referred to a committee. The proposal died in the
Senate without even a word spoken about it on the floor.
I'm moving forward with plans to file the legislation （立法）again in 2021. I urge
you to contact your state legislators to move this legislation forward so that this
weekend will be one of the last times we have to “fall back.”

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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
38. The possible origin of the idea of daylight saving time is ______.




A. the ancient legal act
B. the influence of other countries
C. the need for time zones
D. the advice from a famous politician
38.
【答案】 D
【解析】 本题考查细节题；文章第二段中“therefore, many people owe the origin of
the idea of daylight saving to our Founding Father’s writings”这里的Founding Father
指的是前文的Benjamin Franklin，owe…to… 意思是把…归功于…, 结合前文所说的
Benjamin Franklin在报纸上发表的观点，很多人都把这个主意的源头归功于Benjamin
Franklin。可知故正确答案是D。

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39. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?




A. The reasons for health problems.
B. The downsides of setting clocks back.
C. The changes in energy consumption.
D. The solutions to electricity shortages.
39.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题考查段落主旨题；通过第四段第一句话我们得知第四段在说the effect
of observing daylight saving time，从以下的数据来看遵守节约日光时间这一规 定并没
有在节能上带来很大的变化，反而对人的身体健康造成了很大的影响，所以第四段主要
说 遵守节约日光时间带来的缺点，选项B中的downside是缺点，不足面的意思，setting
clocks back是遵守节约日光时间的具体做法。故正确答案是B。

40. It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that ______.




A. daylight saving time will last for another two years
B. the author will continue what he has been doing
C. Texans voted for standard time year-round
D. state legislators are for the proposal
40.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题考查推断题；文章倒数第二段总结了在这个五月为结束observance of
daylight saving time这一习俗所做的努力和困难，最后一段中“I’m moving forward with
plans to file the legislation again in 2021”，这里的现在进行时表将来，表明作者要一
直 为结束这项习俗而努力的决心。故正确答案是B。
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41. The passage aims to ______.




A. analyze the practice of daylight saving time
B. explain the consequences of daylight saving time
C. convince people of the necessity of daylight saving time
D. persuade people to make efforts to stop daylight saving time
41.
【答案】 D
【解析】本题考查主旨题；文章在前两段明确提出来observance of daylight saving
time 是most meaningless thing，最后一段态度更加明确“I urge you to contact your
state legislator to move this legislation forward so that this weekend will be one of
the last times we have to ‘fall back’”从最后一段明显推 断出作者在督促民众来联系立
法者去推动停止遵循节约日光时间这一规定；故正确答案是D。


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D
According to a new study, teens focus on rewards and have a hard time learning
to avoid punishment or consider the consequences of alternative actions.
University College London researchers compared how teens and adults learn to
make choices based on the available information. They tracked the way in which 18
volunteers aged 12-17 and 20 volunteers aged 18-32 completed tasks in which they
had to choose between abstract symbols.
Each symbol was consistently associated with a fixed chance of a reward,
punishment, or no outcome. As the trial progressed, participants learned which
symbols were likely to lead to each outcome and adjusted their choices accordingly.
Teens and adults were equally good at learning to choose symbols associated with
reward, but teens were less good at avoiding symbols associated with punishment.
Adults also performed significantly better when they were told what would have
happened if they had chosen the other symbol after each choice, while teens did not
appear to take this information into account.
“From this experimental lab study we can draw conclusions about learning during
the teen years. We find that teens and adults learn in different ways, something that
might be relevant to education,” said lead author Dr. Stefano Palminteri. “Unlike adults,
teens are not so good at learning to adjust their choices to avoid punishment. This
suggests that incentive systems based on reward rather than punishment may be
more effective for this age group. Additionally, we found that teens did not learn from
being shown what would have happened if they made alternative choices.
To interpret the results, the researchers developed computational models of
learning and ran simulations (模拟) applying them to the results of the study. The first
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was a simple model, one that learned from rewards, and the second model added to
this by also learning from the option that was not chosen. The third model was the
most complete and took the full context into account, with equal weight given to
punishment avoidance and reward seeking. For example, obtaining no outcome
rather than losing a point is weighted equally to gaining a point rather than having no
outcome.
Comparing the experimental data to the models, the team found that teens’
behavior followed the simple reward-based model while adults’ behavior matched the
complete, contextual model. “Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to
rewards than they are to punishments of equal value,” said senior author Dr. Saral-
Jayne Blakemore. “As a result, it may be useful for parents and teachers to frame
things in more positive terms.”

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42. It can be learned from the study that ______.




A. adults made choices faster than teens
B. adults understood rewards better than teens
C. teens reacted better to reward than punishment
D. teens were aware of the outcome of each choice
42.
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题是推断题；通过第一段，“teens focus on reward and have a hard time
learning to avoid punishment” 和第四段中“unlike adults, teens are not so good at
learning to adjust their choices to avoid punishment. This suggests that incentive
systems based on reward rather than punishment may be more effective for this
age group.”可以得知，”teens are not good at…avoid punishment. Based on
reward rather than punishment…”, 基于此原则，判断C与此原则一致。故正确答
案是C。

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43. What do we know about the three computational models?




A. They reflected people’s strong desire for punishment avoidance.
B. They gave circumstances different degrees of consideration.
C. They paid equal attention to reward and punishment.
D. They shaped the behavior of people at different ages.
43.
【答案】 B
【解析】 本题是细节题；基于第五段，the first…simple…. learned from reward; the
second… added to this by also learning from the option that was not chosen. The
third…most complete…with equal weight given to punishment and reward seeking。
可以知道，三个模型，由简单到完全，是三种不同程度。故正确答案是B。

44. The underlined word “receptive” in the last paragraph probably means ______.




A. accustomed
B. opposed
C. sympathetic
D. responsive
44.

【答案】 D
【解析】 本题考查词义猜测；根据文章第六段段首句，“…teen’s behavior followed
the simple reward-based model..”以及文章第四段中“…based on reward rather than
punishment may be more effective for this age group.” 可知“receptive”为“积极”
且“有影响”，应选择“responsiv e”，故正确答案是D。

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45. According to the writer, which of the following statements works best for teens?




A. “If you insist on doing things in this way, you will lose ten points.”
B. “If we had talked about this earlier, you wouldn’t have made the mistake.”
C. “If you hand in your assignment ahead of time, you will get an extra bonus.”
D. “If you want to approach a problem differently, you can talk to your parents.”
45.
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题是推断题；根据文章的主旨态度，teens…based on reward rather than
punishment”, “ teens are not good at avoiding punishment”. 来进行选项比对。ABD，
都是avoid punishment， 所以不符合；只有C， get an extra bonus， 是reward。
故正确答案是C。

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第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
项为多余选项。
Plogging
Plogging is a new way to jog while cleaning up the planet. It's a craze that began
in Sweden in 2016 and the motivation behind it includes reducing the load of plastic
litter in our environment, as well as keeping fit while running.______ (46) If you love
outdoor exercise, enjoy exercising with others, and care about removing litter from
our environment, then this might just be the sport for you.
Make good preparations before plogging. Dress suitably for the environment in
which you are running. This will vary depending on the weather and surroundings, but
the basics are comfortable running clothes and closed-toe running shoes. Suitable
gloves are a wise and useful addition, as picking up litter can be dangerous in some
situations. ______ (47) This might be a standard trash bag, easy to carry and capable
of containing litter that might have sharp edges.
Organize your plogging group. If you're lucky enough to have ploggers already in
your area, seek them out. Join up and make new friends with a shared interest. Check
out such meeting groups at Meetup or ask at a local sports store to find out what
opportunities exist where you live. If you don't have a group, create one. Use social
media, notices on bulletin boards, or place signs in the windows of sports stores to
find fellow ploggers. ______ (48)
Collect safely. One key suggestion for staying safe while collecting litter is to avoid
picking up broken glass or sharp items. If you must collect such an item, only do so
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when you can find a very safe way to collect it without harming yourself. If in doubt,
leave it and get better equipment to remove it. ______ (49) If an item of litter presents
a potential safety risk, try to mark the item clearly to encourage people to avoid it.
______ (50) It is a way of combining individual achievement via exercise with
community and environmental care. You're part of the growing movement of people
who are giving back to the world at the same time as honoring self care, a sustainable
and healthy way to balance your life. This could be a fantastic opportunity to show
people that individual action makes a big difference.

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A. Taking some photos during the process is also necessary.
B. You can also ask for assistance from the local authorities.
C. Usually performed as part of a group run, it's also a social exercise.
D. You also need to find a suitable carry bag for collecting the litter in.
E. Plogging is a great way to feel motivated as it has more than one benefit.
F. If you find a natural area with litter problem, this might be a suitable place.
G. With some advertising effort, you are likely to connect with a few interested
people.

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46.
【答案】 C
【解析】 挖空方式：段中空；解题语句：空前空后一句；考 查方式：承上启下。空前
一句“它（it）是一项运动，始于2016年”，空后一句，“这个（thi s）是适合你的运动”。
C选项说的是它（it）也是一项社交活动；故正确答案是C。
47.
【答案】 D
【解析】 挖空方式：段中空；解题语句：空前空后一句；考 查方式：承上启下。空前
句分别为：着装和手套，空后句为“这个（this）可能是垃圾袋”。D选项 “also”以及a
suitable carry bag与前面一致；故正确答案是D。
48.
【答案】 G
【解析】挖空方式：段尾空；解题语句：空前一句；考查方式 ：总结上句。空前一句
“（you）使用社交媒体、通告栏或者贴指示牌等来寻找一起参与这项运动的人 ”；G选
项说有这些advertising effort，你（you）可以找到有同样兴趣的人；故正确答案是G。
49.
【答案】 B
【解析】 挖空方式：段中空；解题语句：空前空后一句；考查方式：承上启下。空前
一句 “如果有怀疑，可以获取更好的设备来移除这个垃圾”，空后一句“如果垃圾呈现潜在
的安全风险，你（ you）清楚地标记下来以避免别人碰到”，B选项说“你（you）也可以
寻求帮助”，与前后句逻辑 连贯；故正确答案是B。
50.
【答案】 E
【解析】 挖空方式：段首空；解题语句：空后一句；考查方式：总结。空后句说
“individual achievement via exercise与environmental care一起”，E选项 说“plogging
是一个让人感到有动力的方式，因为它（it）不止一项好处”，两句意思吻合； 故正确答
案是E。

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第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节 （15分）
假设你是红星中学 高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim给你发邮件询问为什么北京能
举办2022年冬季奥运会。请根据下 列要求，给他回复邮件，内容包括：


1. 北京可以举办冬季奥运会的条件；
2. 邀请他届时来北京。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：冬奥会 Winter Olympics
Dear Jim,
________________________________ __________________________________________________ ________
______________________________________ __________________________________________________ __
____________________________________________ ______________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）







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应用文：本篇作文是咨询信，要求学生在文章 中体现交际感，重视对来信内容的回
答。首段体现交际性，第二段重点放在对胜任原因的具体阐述上，考 生可以结合北京的
实际情况进行要点的延伸。建议考生平时加强构思训练，掌握应用文写作的层次，以合
理的逻辑和结构完成写作，才能达到写作目的，完成“应用文解决实际问题”的写作任
务。语言 方面，建议选择实用的词汇，慎用难词，做到准确简洁。

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One Possible Version
Dear Jim,
How is everything going? I’m very pleased and excited to learn that you show
great interest and wonder why Beijing will hold the 2022 Winter Olympics. It’s my great
honor to give you some details about Beijing’s qualifications.
I’m convinced that Beijing is the best city to hold the 2022 Winter Olympics. The
reasons are as follows. First of all, Beijing is a big city which has held various
international games, so I think it is a piece of cake for Beijing to host another great
event. Apart from that, the favourable natural conditions are also its strengths. The
temperature for January and February in Yanqing remains below zero, which is fit for
some winter sports events. As for people, Beijing’s citizens are known for their
enthusiasm and hospitality. The volunteers are bound to provide perfect service,
making this event a great success.
By the way, I want to invite you to experience this event in the flesh. I’m sure this
event will be of great high standard and quality, so it is absolutely a golden chance for
you. If you are available then, why don’t you grasp this chance to cater for your
interests?
If you need any further information, don’t hesitate to write back and ask me.
Eagerly await your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua


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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
第二节 （20分）
假设你是 红星中学高三学生李华。上周你们班组织了一次班会，邀请去年毕业的同
学回校交流。请根据以下四幅图 的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。
注意：词数不少于60。


（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）


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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品
情景作文：这篇情景作文贴合高三学生生活， 按照“总分总”的模式构建整体文章
结构。前两幅图是我们的高频场景，学生应该比较熟悉，分别是“毕 业生问候+我们鼓
掌欢迎”，“毕业生主题演讲‘我的高三以及大学’我们听讲+记笔记”；后两幅“班 会
后交流”，“打开电脑写我的计划”；虽然并非是高频场景，但是话题与高三学生比较
贴合， 交流的内容，计划方面以及自己的收获感触可结合自己的实际情况进行正向延
展。内容上我们要注意构图 的完整性，语言上注意流畅以及准确度，再此基础上再去思
考句式问题。

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北京新东方中小学全科教育出品

One Possible Version
Last week, a graduate student was invited to share some useful and precious
experience about how to plan the most important year, from which I benefited a lot.
As scheduled, he attended our class meeting on time. When he stepped into the
classroom, we applauded warmly, expecting to get some suggestions. After a brief
greeting and introduction, he began his talk.
To start with, he shared how he had spent his senior life and emphasized the
importance of setting a goal and time management. We listened attentively and took
notes in fear of missing anything important. Afterwards, he described his college life.
So wonderful and colorful was it that I could not help but dream about it.
Before seeing him off, I asked him a few questions about how to release the
anxiety of preparing for the college entrance examination. With great patience, he
gave me some inspiring answers.
Returning home from school, I switched on the computer immediately. Filled with
all the constructive ideas, I set out to elaborately plan my study life and then achieve
my goals one by one with all my devotion and passion.


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