2019考研英语(一、二)选项必考高频词串讲
新年诗歌-假期实践报告
2019年选项必考词串讲—背诵版
1.
corporate adj. 公司的;法人的 [考频:共22]
真题短语:
①
the corporate workplace 企业工作场所、企业办公室
②
corporate America
③ corporate revival 企业的复兴
④ foster corporate
cooperation_____企业合作(2015年英语二)
真题关联词:corporation n. 大型公司;企业集团【14】
①
international corporations
② multinational
corporations 跨国公司
③ corporation governance
真题关联词:incorporate vt. 把〔某事物〕并入;包含
①
incorporate sth intoin sth
2.
constructive adj. 建设性的;积极的 [考频:共20]
动词原形:construct v. 建造;创立
① construct executive
offices 建造行政办公室(2018年英语一)
② construct a new
theory 创立一个理论
形容词:constructive
①
constructive criticism 建设性的批评
② socially
constructive 于社会有建设性
名词: construction
①
construction of a building
3. deceptive
adj. 欺诈的;迷惑的 [考频:5]
关联词:
① deceive v. 欺骗
② deception n. 欺骗
真题短语:
① a
deceptive appearance (2003)
② self-deceptive
③ self-deception
④
misconception and deceptiveness (2012年英语一)
4. burdensome adj. 成为负担的,繁重的 [考频:1]
词缀:-some 引起……的,产生……的
④ troublesome 引起麻烦的
真题短语:
① a burdensome debt 一笔沉重的债务
② a
troublesome child 烦人的孩子
熟词僻意:handsome
adj. 英俊的;(钱) 可观的,丰厚的[考频:2]
真题短语:
① made
handsome profits(2008)
② a handsome reward for
researchers(2014年英语一)
这是对研究人员的丰厚奖励
5.
deficiency n.不足,缺乏;缺陷 [考频:12]
真题:
①
Vitamin deficiency in the diet can cause illness.
饮食中缺乏维生素可能导致疾病。
① calcium deficiency
同义替换:?
6. impulse n. 冲动;突然的欲望 [考频:8]
搭配:
impulse to do sth
the impulse to
influence others(2010年英语一)
真题关联词:impulsive
adj. 冲动的;鲁莽的
the outcome of impulsive
acts(2019年英语二)
7. sympathy n. 同情;赞同[考频:9]
含义1:同情
have feel sympathy for sb
对某人怀着感到同情
show sympathy for
(2014年英语二)
② emotional deficiencies (2019年英语二)
含义2::赞同
in sympathy with sth
in sympathy with their point of view(
2002)
8. maintain v. 保持,维持;坚持 [考频:9]
真题短语
含义1:坚持
① maintain that… 坚持
含义2:维持,保持
① maintain colleges’
graduation rates 维持大学的毕业率(2019年英语一)
②
maintains the inherent American thinking model
(2009)
保持了美国固有的思维_____
① maintain its
reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos
保持其宇宙起源论的主导地位(1998年翻译)
9. preserve
保护;维持 [考频:18]
真题短语
① preserve the
diversity of species(2019年英语二)
② preserve the
monarchy’s reputation(2015年英语一)
关联词:preservation
10. balance n. & v. 平衡
[考频:18]
名词:
① provide a balance between
expectation and reality(2006)
② achieve a
balance between tradition and reality (2015年英语一)
③ strike a balance among different plants
(2019年英语二)
动词:
Balance your
diet(2013年英语二)
关联词:
① unbalanced
budget
② worsen the economic imbalance
(2018年英语二)
11. mobility n. 流动性;易变性 [考频:3]
形容词: mobile adj. 可移动的
真题短语:
①
a mobile shoplibrary 流动商店╱图书馆
② socialgeographicalcareer mobility
社会地位╱区域╱职业流动性
12. endeavor v. 努力 n.
努力,尝试 [考频:7]
名词:
① scientific endeavor
科学探索(2008)
② it is worth the endeavor
(2018年英语二)
动词搭配:endeavor to do sth. 努力做某事
同义短语:
① strive to do sth.
② strive
for sth.
We must continue to strive for
greater efficiency.
我们必须继续为提高效率而努力。
13. tighten vt. 使变紧 [考频:7]
形容词:tight
adj. 紧的;〔控制〕严格的
① on a tight budget
预算紧张(2016年英语二)
② keep a tight gripholdrein on
sth 对某事严加控制
动词:tighten vt. 使变紧 ;加紧,加强〔规则、法律〕
① tighten your belt 勒紧裤带
②
Efforts to
tighten the rules have failed. 严控规章制度的努力失败了。
14. dilemma n. (进退两难的)窘境,困境 [考频:4]
真题:?
固定搭配:
• in a dilemma进退两难,左右为难
• put
most online business in a dilemma(2019年英语一)
15. emission n. 排放;排放物 [考频:4]
动词:emit
vt. 散发
1. emit a great deal of heat (2011年英语二)
2. emit radiation(1998)
名词短语:
• nitrogen-oxide emissions (2010年英语二)
•
CO2 emissions (2011年英语二翻译)
关联词:
transmit 发送;传输;传递
transmit
marketing messages directly to targeted
customers(1999)
关联词:submit v.
主张;顺从,屈服;递交
① …submit (that)句子
② No one,
he submits, could…(2008)
③
submit the
results of their research to a journal(2008)
④
submit to threats
16. restore v. 恢复;修复
[考频:10]
动词:
① restore the glory of
former times 恢复往日的荣光(2016年英语一)
② restore
public trust in financial institutions
恢复公众对金融机构的信任
(2019年英语一)
名词:
realize
the high cost of data restoration (2007)
关联词1:recover & recovery
①
economic
recovery经济复苏
② the first signs of recovery
begin to take hold(2011年英语一)
关联词2: revive &
revival
① revive its fading business
dynamism重振其日渐衰落的商业活力(2018年
英语一)
② the
revival of the economy(2000)
17.
ambiguous adj.模棱两可的;不明确的 [考频:7]
真题:
ambiguous wordtermstatement 模棱两可的词╱用语╱说法
[A]
critical[B] supportive[C] sympathetic[D] ambiguous
[A] ambiguous. [B] cautious. [C] appreciative.
[D] contemptuous.
[A]
controversial
18. disclose v.
公开;揭露
[考频:共2]
词根词缀: dis-否定 + -clos-关,闭 + -e动词词尾
同义替换: reveal 【26】,expose【21】,uncover【1】
① reveal a strong prejudice against urban
areas(2016年英语一)
②
disclose the causes of
the plastics crisis (2019年英语一)
③ uncover the
origin of Hawaiian culture(2017年英语一)
19.
deter v. 制止;阻止 [考频:2]
真题:
• deter
business relations with states(2019年英语一)
同义替换1:hinder
① Prudent planning hinders
progress. (2005)
② hinder economic
development(2019年英语一)
③ a gap year does not
hinder the success of academic pursuits—in fact,
it
probably enhances it.(2017年英语二)
同义替换2:hamper vt. 阻碍,妨碍,obstruct v. 妨碍,阻止
① The
group is trying to obstruct the peace process.
该团体试图阻挠和平进
程。
同义替换3:block n. 街区;大厦
v.阻塞,妨碍
①
block my professional
progress(2001)
20. prosper v. 兴旺,发达
[考频:8]
动词:
but the professional
companies prospered… (
2018年英语一翻译)
专业的公司蓬勃发展起来
关联词:
① prosperous
繁荣的;兴旺的
② prosperity 繁荣,成功
a period of
great abundance and prosperity(1998)
同义替换:thrive,flourish
Websites
about dieting would thrive(2016年英语一)
the
prospect of a thriving job market
• the anti-
happy art flourishes when economy booms
21. intelligence n. 智力;智能;情报 [考频:39]
含义1:智力
① highlow intelligence
②
intelligence test (2007)
含义2:智能
artificial intelligence 人工智能(AI)
含义3:情报
① remold the intelligence services(2003)
②
Intelligence Agency 情报局
21. likely adj.
可能的 adv. 可能 [考频:69]
真题用法1:be
morelessmostleast likely to do sth.
journalists are more likely to live in upscale
neighborhoods (
2001)
真题用法2:it is likely
to do sth that…
it is likely to reshape our
politics(2012年英语二)
22. consistent adj.
一贯的,一致的 [考频:共9]
真题短语:
be consistent with
sth 与某事物相一致
The results are consistent with
earlier research. 结果与先前的研究相符合。
关联词:consistently 一贯地;一致地;坚实地
The findings of a
research institution have consistently shown that…
23. context n. 上下文,语境;背景 [考频:13]
真题搭配:
① The word “…” (Line 4, Paragraph 1) in
the context probably means ________.
② g from
the context, the phrase “…” (Para. 2) most
probably means
______ .
常见搭配:politicalsocialhistorical context
①
social contexts (2012年英语二)
② cultural context
(2016年英语一)
③ emotions are context-
independent(2019年英语二)与情境无关的
关联词:contextual
与上下文有关的
24. account n. 账户;描述;理由 v. ?
[考频:44]
真题短语:
① credit-card
accounts(2007)
②
a vivid account
of…(2010年英语二)
③ take account of sth
④
take sth into account考虑到;顾及
⑤ on account of
sth因为某事,由于某事
名词:
account for sth 占;解释,说明
① Multinational corporations accounted for
less than 20% of international trade
(2001)
② What might account for this strange
phenomenon?
25. rule n.统治;规则 v. 统治;裁定
[考频:63]
名词:
rules and regulations 规章制度
rules of conduct in business(2006年翻译)
followobeyobserve the rules 遵循╱服从╱遵守规则
stick to the traditional rules(2010年英语一)
break a rule (= not follow it) 违反规定
熟词僻意:
The judge ruled that …
The Court
ruled that…
固定搭配:rule out
Their
analysis ruled out the possibility(2005年英语一)
关联词:ruling〔尤指法庭的〕裁决,裁定
Its ruling complies
with the court decisions.(2010年英语一)
That
ruling produced an explosion in…patents.(2010年英语一)
26. press n. 新闻;出版社;按 v. 按,压;催促 [考频:4]
短语1:press sb to do sth
press our governments to lead the combat
(2019年英语二)
短语2:press sb for sth.
press
for more research迫切需要更多的研究(2005
)
Press for
further scientific research(2005)
短语3:press
forward奋力向前
27. check v. & n.
检查;抑制,制止[考频:44]
真题:
It is too late to
check ambition once it has been let out.
(
2000)
Justices intended to check the
power of the Administration.(2014年英语一)
28. weather n. 天气 v. 经受住;渡过 [考频:8]
真题:
① help families weather bad
times(2007)
②
outside directors should be
able to give advice based on having weathered
their own crises. (2011年英语二)
29.
secure adj.稳固的,安全的 v. 获得;得到 [考频:12]
真题:
① A desire to secure a better life for
all(2014年英语一)
② privacy protection must be
secured at all costs.(2018年英语一)
30.
attribute
n.属性;性质;特征 v. 归因于 [考频:8]
固定搭配:attribute sth to sbsth
Few Americans
attribute this solely to such obvious causes
as…(2000)
名词:
① Over time, the
attributes of greatness shifted. (2012年英语二)