c++语言关键字
绝世美人儿
778次浏览
2020年07月30日 17:05
最佳经验
本文由作者推荐
耄耄-差池
成员函数的声明中，const关键字只能放在函数声明的尾部,表示该类成员不修改对象.
说明：
const type m; //修饰m为不可改变
示例：
typedef char * pStr; //新的类型pStr;
char string[4] = "abc";
const char *p1 = string；
p1++; //正确，上边修饰的是*p1,p1可变
const pStr p2 = string;
p2++; //错误，上边修饰的
是p2，p2不可变,*p2可变
同理，const修饰指针时用此原则判断就不会混淆了。
const int *value; //*value不可变，value可变
int* const value; //value不可变，*value可变
const (int *) value; //(int *)是一种type,value不可变,*value可变
//逻辑上这样理解，编译不能通过，需要tydef int* NewType;
const int* const value;//*value,value都不可变
(12)continue
结束当前循环，开始下一轮循环.Forces transfer of control to the controlling expression of the smallest enclosing do, for, or while loop.
(13)default
switch语句中的默认分支.None of the constants match the constants in the case labels;
adefault label is l is transferred to the default label.
常量的无匹配情况下标签的常量;
adefault标签l转移到默认的标签。
(14)delete
经常用于动态内存分配的语句,Deallocates a block of memory.
(15)do
在do-while循环结构中开始循环体.Executes a statement repeatedly until the specified
termination condition (the expression) evaluates to zero.
(16)double
声明双精度变量或函数.
(17)else
条件语句否定分支(与 if 连用).
(18)enum
声明枚举类型.The name of each enumerator is treated as a constant and must be unique within
the scope where the enum is defined.
(19)explicit
This keyword is a declaration specifier that can only be applied to in-class constructor
declarations. An explicit constructor cannot take part in implicit conversions. It can only
be used to explicitly construct an object.
这个关键字声明说明符，可以只适用于同类构造函数声明。显式构造函数不能在隐式转换的一部分。它只能用于显式构造一个对象
(20)export
MSDN只说The export keyword is not supported on templates.一种导出语句吧..
(21)extern
extern 意为“外来的”···它的作用在于告诉编译器：有这个变量，它可能不存在当前的文件中，但它肯定要存在于工程中的某一个源文件中或者一个Dll的输出中。声明变量是在其他文件中声明(也可以看做是引用变量).Objects and variables declared as extern declare an object that is defined in another translation unit or in an enclosing scope as having external linkage.
(22)false,true
bool类型的两个枚举值.
(23)float
声明浮点型变量或函数.
(24)for
一种循环语句(可意会不可言传).Use the f
or statement to construct loops that must execute a
specified number of times.
(25)friend
声明友元函数或者类.The friend keyword allows a function or class to gain access to the
private and protected members of a class.
(26)goto
无条件跳转语句.Performs an unconditional transfer of control to the named label.
(27)if
条件语句.Controls conditional branching.常与else一起用.
(28)inline
声明定义内联函数,编译时将所调用的代码嵌入到主函数中.The inline specifiers instruct the
compiler to insert a copy of the function body into each place the function is called.
(29)int
声明整型变量或函数.
(30)long
声明长整型变量或函数.
(31)mutable
This keyword can only be applied to non-static and non-const data members of a class. If a
data member is declared mutable, then it is legal to assign a value to this data member from
aconst member function.
这个关键字只适用于非静态和非const数据类成员。如果一个
声明数据成员是可变的，那么它是合法的赋值从这个数据成员
aconst成员函数
(32)namespace
Dynamically imports an element behavior into a document.
动态导入到文档中的元素行为
c++中using namespace std
(33)new
动态内存分配.Allocates memory for an object or array of objects of type-name from the free
store and returns a suitably typed, nonzero pointer to the object.
分配内存的对象或数组类型的对象从自由的名义
存储和返回一个适当类型，非零对象的指针
(34)operator
The operator keyword declares a function specifying what operator-symbol means when applied
to instances of a class.
经营者关键字声明一个函数指定经营什么符号意味着当应用
对一类的实例
(35)private
类私有函数和数据成员的标示.When preceding a list of class members, the private keyword
specifies that those members are accessible only from member functions and friends of the
class. This applies to all members declared up to the next access specifier or the end of
the class.
当上一类的成员，私人关键字列表
指定这些成员只能从成员的职能和朋友访问
类。这适用于所有成员宣布了下一个访问符或结束
类
(36)protected
The protected keyword specifies access to class members in the member-list up to the next
access specifier (public or private) or the end of the class definition.
受保护的关键字指定访问类成员的成员名单，直至下一个
访问说明符（公共或私营）或类定义结束
(37)public
访问方式：When preceding a list of class members, the public keyword specifies that those
members are accessible from any function. This applies to all members declared up to the
next access specifier or the end of the class.
当上一类成员，市民关键字列表指定的
成员可以从任何功能。这适用于所有成员
宣布到
明年访问符或类的结束
(38)register
声明积存器变量.The register keyword specifies that the variable is to be stored in a machine
register, if possible.这个关键字命令编译器尽可能的将变量存在CPU内部寄存器中,而不是通过内存寻址访问,从而提高效率。
登记册关键字指定变量是要在计算机中存储的注册，如果可能的话
(39)return
子程序返回语句(可以带参数，也看不带参数),返回函数调用点.Terminates the execution of a
function and returns control to the calling function (or, in the case of the main function,
transfers control back to the operating system). Execution resumes in the calling function
at the point immediately following the call.
终止执行的功能及控制返回给调用函数（或者，在主函数的情况，传输控制返回给操作系统）。恢复执行在调用函数
在点后立即致电
(40)short
声明短整型变量或函数.
(41)signed,unsigned
声明有符号类型变量或函数;声明无符号类型变量或函数.
(42)static
声明静态变量.When modifying a variable, the static keyword specifies that the variable has
static durationinitializes it to 0 unless another value is specified.
当修改一个变量，static关键字指定的变量
静态durationinitializes为0，除非另一个指定值
(43)struct
声明结构体变量或函数.struct 类型是一种值类型，通常用来封装小型相关变量组.
struct hello文件名
(44)switch
Allows selection among multiple sections of code, depending on the value of an integral expression.
允许选择多个之间的代码段，这取决于一个整体的价值表达
(45)template
模板.The template declaration specifies a set of parameterized classes or functions.
该模板声明指定的类或函数的参数化设置
(46)this
The this pointer is a pointer accessible only within the nonstatic member functions of a class,struct, or union type.
在该指针是一个指针访问只有在一个非静态成员函数类，结构或联合类型
(47)typedef
用以给数据类型取别名.Introduces a name that, within its scope, becomes a synonym for the type given by the type-declaration portion of the declaration.
引入了一个名称，在其范围内，成为一个同义词
该类型声明宣言的一部分给定类型
(48)typeid
typeid is used to get the Type for a type at compile time.
typeid用于获取一个类型的类型在编译时
(49)typename
Tells the compiler that an unknown identifier is a this keyword only in template definitions.
告诉编译器是一个未知的标识符是一个这只是在模板中的关键字定义
(50)union
声明联合数据类型.A union is a user-defined data or class type that, at any given time,
contains only one object from its list of members (although that object can be an array or a class type).
阿联盟是一个用户定义的数据类型或类，在任何特定时间，只包含其成员名单的对象（虽然这个对象可以是一个数组或类类型）
(51)using
The using declaration introduces a name into the declarative region in which the usingdeclaration appears.
使用声明的声明中引入了在该地区出现一个名称usingdeclaration
(52)virtual
声明虚基类或虚函数.The virtual keyword declares a virtual function or a virtual base class.
virtual关键字声明了一个虚函数或虚基类
(53)void
声明函数无返回值或无参数，声明无类型指针.
When used as a function return type, the void keyword specifies that the function does not
return a value. When used for a function's parameter list, void specifies that the function
takes no parameters. When used in the declaration of a pointer, void specifies that the
pointer is "universal."
(54)volatile
说明变量在程序执行中可被隐含地改变,表明某个变量的值可能在外部被改变，优化器在用到这个变量时
必须每次都小心地重新读取这个变量的值，而不是使用保存在寄存器里的备份。Thevolatile keyword is
a type qualifier used to declare that an object can be modified in the program by something
such as the operating system, the hardware, or a concurrently executing thread.
Thevolatile关键字
一个类型限定符用来声明一个对象可以在程序中修改的东西
如操作系统，硬件或并发执行线程。
(55)wchar_t
宽字.
(56)while
循环语句的循环条件
(57)class
类