英语各种介词的用法
身边的科学手抄报-安全总结范文
to的用法:
一：表示相对，针对
be strange
(common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct,
sensitive, immune, vulnerable,
indispensable)
to
Air is indispensable to life.
Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference
caused by radiation.
This injection will make
you immune to infection.
二：表示对比，比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior
,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The quarrel
happened prior to my arrival.
2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟
意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous
A
is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，
如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent to the war,they returned to their
hometown.
4:
to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare
to,in
contrast to
compare to
sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World
is usually compared to a stage
Compared with
his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to
doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式
时,表示比较的介
词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted
soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many
people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than
remain home as house wives.
5:
to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an
under water concert is a great alternative to
going to dinner.
三: 表示修饰关系
1:
表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,
solution to
problem,response to inquiry,reaction to
proposal,reply to letter
2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entr
y,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the approach to a bridge引桥
the approach
to science
Half of the population was
estimated to have no access to the health service.
The access to education 接受教育的机会
The
access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
3:
表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to
Spain, successor to
tradition, heir to
throne,deputy to the National People’s
Congress
advisor to the Prime Minister
4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission
to the boardroom.
Everyone has an equal right
to ……..
5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to
development,the barrier to progress
6:
表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
7:
表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to
the health of the guests.
Let’s drink to
Dick’s success in business
8:
另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to
door,invitation to
party,
guide to
action,limitation to life,accessory to school
四: to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance
to the tune, stamp to the
rhythm of the song,
add salt to taste
（一）：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related
to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant
to,link
to
Investigate all the facts
related to the problem.
People often linked
walth to happiness.
（二）：表示反对和赞同。
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be
oppsist to,be contrary to,be
adverse to,be
resistant to,be contradictory to,object
to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These
buildings are resistant to earthquake.
They
are to tally opposed to any changes being made in
the plans.
2: to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent
to,subseribe to,
The employer consented to
give him a salary raise.
表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to,
adjust to,conform
to,habituate to,fit to,suit
to,correspond to,cater to
She tried to
habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the interests of
the people.
They offered various foods to
cater to the need of customers.
His words
doesn’t fit to his actions.
Suit your writing
style to the masses.
3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be
subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject
to,surrender to,give in
to,confess
to,admit to.
The minority is subordinate to
the majority少数服从多数
Countries nearby oceans
are always subject to earthquake.
He
confessed to having robbed the woman of her
wallet.
We’re not the kind of people to yield
to any military threat.
五: 表示趋势或倾向,如:tend
to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable
to
He’s liable to seasickness.
You are liable to come to wrong
conclusion.
六: 表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold
o,adhere to,cling to
He still holds on to his
original views.
七: 表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine
to,resrict to
He’s confined to the house by
illness.
He confined his remarks to
scientific mangement.
八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get
(be) to,used to,be accustomed to
Finally,the
students got used to my teaching method.
九:
表示起因和原由,如:owing to,due to,thanks to,attribute
to,come down to
The flight was cancelled due
to the thick fog.
The famous artist
attributed his success to his wife.
十:
表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to
I aim
to be an excellent college teacher.
His
conceit lead to his failure.
These bad
condition has given rise to a lot of crises
十一: 表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,
All military adventures by the two super
powers are doomed to fail.
十二:
表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also
presented with some money.
The annual output
of steel amounts to 1200 tons.
十三:
表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote
to,commit to
He is determined to devote all
his life to his.
十四: 表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward
to反date back to
The church dates back to the
13th century.
十五: 表示方位概念.如:close to,next to
I don’t like wool next to my skin.
十六:
表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,
He
usually appeals to arms to settle the territory
dispute.
十七: 表示有关注,关于: as to,with regard to
十八: 表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,
We should attach primary importance to job
training.
十九: 表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in
proportion to
According to today’s
newspaper,the match will be postponed.
The
lending countries subscribe towards capital stock
in proportion to heir economic
importance.
二十: 表示应该或必须含义的句式, 如:
It’s time to get up.
We are supposed to get here at seven.
It’s up to this country to ban nuclear
weapons.
常用词组
respond to（反应）, appeal
to（吸引）, catch on to（理解）, listen to （收听）,used
to
（过去常常）, give birth to,attend to（照料）, see
to（负责）, be entitled to（有权）, belong
to（属于）, come to（苏醒）, stand up to（勇敢面对）,
help oneself to（请自便）, refer to,to
the
point（切题）,
Train them to stand up to any
severe test in hard.
The ticket entitled you
to a free meal in the luxury hotel.
See to it
that the children get a hot meal after their swim.
You will catch on to the job shortly after
wards.
People usually refer to television for
up-to-the-minute news.
介词的用法:
上午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。
年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。
将来时态in...以后，小处at大处in。
有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。
特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。
介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。
日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，
收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。
特定时日和一……就，on后常接动名词。
年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。
步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。
at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。
工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。
就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。
this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。
over、under正上下，above、below则不然，
若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。'
beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。
besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。
同类比较except，加for异类记心间。
原状because of,、
owing to、 due to表语形容词
under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。
before、after表一点,
ago、later表一段。
before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。
since以来during间，since时态多变换。
与之相比beside，除了last but one。
复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。
快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。
but
for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。
ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。
之后、关于、在......方面，有关介词须记全。
in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。
for有很多种用法：
1. 表示“当作、作为”。如:
I like some bread and
milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。
What will
we have for supper? 我们晚餐吃什么?
2.
表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如:
Thank you for helping me
with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。
Thank you for
your last letter. 谢谢你上次的来信。
Thank you for
teaching us so well. 感谢你如此尽心地教我们。
3.
表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对…… (而言)”。如:
Let me pick
it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。
Watching TV too much
is bad for your health. 看电视太多有害于你的健康。
4.
表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”。如:
I usually do the running
for an hour in the morning. 我早晨通常跑步一小时。
We
will stay there for two days. 我们将在那里逗留两天。
5.
表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等。如:
Let’s go for a walk.
我们出去散步吧。
I came here for my
schoolbag.我来这儿取书包。
I paid twenty yuan for the
dictionary. 我花了20元买这本词典。
6.
表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于……的”。如:
It’s time for
school. 到上学的时间了。
Here is a letter for you.
这儿有你的一封信。
7. 表示“支持、赞成”。如:
Are you for
this plan or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划?
8.
用于一些固定搭配中。如:
Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁?
For example, Mr Green is a kind teacher.
比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师。
尽管for 的用法较多，但记住常用的几个就可以了。
介词of用法归纳
1:表示剥夺,除去
一:deprive sb. of
his right
denude sb. of his possession (hope)
divest the baby of his clothes
rid him of
this fear rob sb. of his wallet
defraud sb.
of gold ring
cure sb. of cancer heal sb. of
cancer
purify the nation clean the jar of
crust
clarify the river of flowing rubbish
--get rid of, rid of, dispose of
2:of接直接宾语
-告诉-tell sb. of sth. inform sb.
of sth warn sb. of fire
remind
sb. of his duties acquaint sb. of sth. notify of..
-其他,劝服-persuade sb. of honesty assure sb. of
the best seats convince sb. of sth.
-法律词汇-
accuse sb. of burglary convict sb. of murder;
suspect sb. of a theft
-reassure his wife of
his safe arrival
3:of接间接宾语
request sth.
of sb. expect sth. of sb. require sth. of sb.
ask a question of sb. be fearful of mistakes
be jealous of wealthy persons be reminiscent
of his
past be patient of the enormous
noise be guilty of robbery be innocent of robbery
4:of表示人物的特性,籍贯,特性或出生等
He is of Irish
descend (ascent)
People of obscure origin
(humble noble)
Man of keen perception a man
of moral integrity
5:固定词组
-say of, tale
of, hear of, think of, learn of, savor of
The
room smells of stale cabbage.
-brag of his
achievements. Boast of his children
beware of
pickpockets approve of the program
doubt of
success complain of poor management
-be sure
of be suspicious of be aware of
be confident
of be proud of be ashamed of
be afraid of be
capable of be lack of
be critical of be
shortly of be conscious of
be ignorant of be
wary of be cautious og
be appreciative of
your advice
-regardless of , irrespective of
,不管….无视
in favor of
decide on three most
popular leisure
activities irrespective of
age
介词Under
表示处于…状态之下，接受…
preparations are under way.
a road under
repair
books under the care of librarian
所以应该是give the pen to me！！！！！
to的用法:
一：表示相对，针对
be
strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar,
distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable,
indispensable) to
Air is indispensable to
life.
Aircrafts are vulnerable to
interference caused by radiation.
This
injection will make you immune to infection.
二：表示对比，比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior
,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The quarrel
happened prior to my arrival.
2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟
意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous
A
is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，
如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent to the war,they returned to their
hometown.
4:
to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare
to,in
contrast to
compare to
sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World
is usually compared to a stage
Compared with
his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to
doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式
时,表示比较的介
词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted
soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many
people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than
remain home as house wives.
5:
to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an
under water concert is a great alternative to
going to dinner.
三: 表示修饰关系
1:
表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,
solution to
problem,response to inquiry,reaction to
proposal,reply to letter
2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entr
y,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the approach to a bridge引桥
the approach
to science
Half of the population was
estimated to have no access to the health service.
The access to education 接受教育的机会
The
access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
3:
表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to
Spain, successor to
tradition, heir to
throne,deputy to the National People’s
Congress
advisor to the Prime Minister
4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission
to the boardroom.
Everyone has an equal right
to ……..
5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to
development,the barrier to progress
6:
表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
7:
表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to
the health of the guests.
Let’s drink to
Dick’s success in business
8:
另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to
door,invitation to
party,
guide to
action,limitation to life,accessory to school
四: to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance
to the tune, stamp to the
rhythm of the song,
add salt to taste
（一）：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related
to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant
to,link
to
Investigate all the facts
related to the problem.
People often linked
walth to happiness.
（二）：表示反对和赞同。
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be
oppsist to,be contrary to,be
adverse to,be
resistant to,be contradictory to,object
to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These
buildings are resistant to earthquake.
They
are to tally opposed to any changes being made in
the plans.
2: to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent
to,subseribe to,
The employer consented to
give him a salary raise.
表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to,
adjust to,conform
to,habituate to,fit to,suit
to,correspond to,cater to
She tried to
habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the interests of
the people.
They offered various foods to
cater to the need of customers.
His words
doesn’t fit to his actions.
Suit your writing
style to the masses.
3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be
subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject
to,surrender to,give in
to,confess
to,admit to.
The minority is subordinate to
the majority少数服从多数
Countries nearby oceans
are always subject to earthquake.
He
confessed to having robbed the woman of her
wallet.
We’re not the kind of people to yield
to any military threat.
五: 表示趋势或倾向,如:tend
to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable
to
He’s liable to seasickness.
You are liable to come to wrong
conclusion.
六: 表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold
o,adhere to,cling to
He still holds on to his
original views.
七: 表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine
to,resrict to
He’s confined to the house by
illness.
He confined his remarks to
scientific mangement.
八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get
(be) to,used to,be accustomed to
Finally,the
students got used to my teaching method.
九:
表示起因和原由,如:owing to,due to,thanks to,attribute
to,come down to
The flight was cancelled due
to the thick fog.
The famous artist
attributed his success to his wife.
十:
表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to
I aim
to be an excellent college teacher.
His
conceit lead to his failure.
These bad
condition has given rise to a lot of crises
十一: 表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,
All military adventures by the two super
powers are doomed to fail.
十二:
表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also
presented with some money.
The annual output
of steel amounts to 1200 tons.
十三:
表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote
to,commit to
He is determined to devote all
his life to his.
十四: 表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward
to反date back to
The church dates back to the
13th century.
十五: 表示方位概念.如:close to,next to
I don’t like wool next to my skin.
十六:
表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,
He
usually appeals to arms to settle the territory
dispute.
十七: 表示有关注,关于: as to,with regard to
十八: 表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,
We should attach primary importance to job
training.
十九: 表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in
proportion to
According to today’s
newspaper,the match will be postponed.
The
lending countries subscribe towards capital stock
in proportion to heir economic
importance.
二十: 表示应该或必须含义的句式, 如:
It’s time to get up.
We are supposed to get here at seven.
It’s up to this country to ban nuclear
weapons.
常用词组
respond to（反应）, appeal
to（吸引）, catch on to（理解）, listen to （收听）,used
to
（过去常常）, give birth to,attend to（照料）, see
to（负责）, be entitled to（有权）, belong
to（属于）, come to（苏醒）, stand up to（勇敢面对）,
help oneself to（请自便）, refer to,to
the
point（切题）,
Train them to stand up to any
severe test in hard.
The ticket entitled you
to a free meal in the luxury hotel.
See to it
that the children get a hot meal after their swim.
You will catch on to the job shortly after
wards.
People usually refer to television for
up-to-the-minute news.
介词的用法:
上午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。
年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。
将来时态in...以后，小处at大处in。
有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。
特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。
介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。
日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，
收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。
特定时日和一……就，on后常接动名词。
年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。
步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。
at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。
工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。
就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。
this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。
over、under正上下，above、below则不然，
若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。'
beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。
besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。
同类比较except，加for异类记心间。
原状because of,、
owing to、 due to表语形容词
under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。
before、after表一点,
ago、later表一段。
before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。
since以来during间，since时态多变换。
与之相比beside，除了last but one。
复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。
快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。
but
for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。
ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。
之后、关于、在......方面，有关介词须记全。
in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。
for有很多种用法：
1. 表示“当作、作为”。如:
I like some bread and
milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。
What will
we have for supper? 我们晚餐吃什么?
2.
表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如:
Thank you for helping me
with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。
Thank you for
your last letter. 谢谢你上次的来信。
Thank you for
teaching us so well. 感谢你如此尽心地教我们。
3.
表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对…… (而言)”。如:
Let me pick
it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。
Watching TV too much
is bad for your health. 看电视太多有害于你的健康。
4.
表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”。如:
I usually do the running
for an hour in the morning. 我早晨通常跑步一小时。
We
will stay there for two days. 我们将在那里逗留两天。
5.
表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等。如:
Let’s go for a walk.
我们出去散步吧。
I came here for my
schoolbag.我来这儿取书包。
I paid twenty yuan for the
dictionary. 我花了20元买这本词典。
6.
表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于……的”。如:
It’s time for
school. 到上学的时间了。
Here is a letter for you.
这儿有你的一封信。
7. 表示“支持、赞成”。如:
Are you for
this plan or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划?
8.
用于一些固定搭配中。如:
Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁?
For example, Mr Green is a kind teacher.
比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师。
尽管for 的用法较多，但记住常用的几个就可以了。
介词of用法归纳
1:表示剥夺,除去
一:deprive sb. of
his right
denude sb. of his possession (hope)
divest the baby of his clothes
rid him of
this fear rob sb. of his wallet
defraud sb.
of gold ring
cure sb. of cancer heal sb. of
cancer
purify the nation clean the jar of
crust
clarify the river of flowing rubbish
--get rid of, rid of, dispose of
2:of接直接宾语
-告诉-tell sb. of sth. inform sb.
of sth warn sb. of fire
remind
sb. of his duties acquaint sb. of sth. notify of..
-其他,劝服-persuade sb. of honesty assure sb. of
the best seats convince sb. of sth.
-法律词汇-
accuse sb. of burglary convict sb. of murder;
suspect sb. of a theft
-reassure his wife of
his safe arrival
3:of接间接宾语
request sth.
of sb. expect sth. of sb. require sth. of sb.
ask a question of sb. be fearful of mistakes
be jealous of wealthy persons be reminiscent
of his
past be patient of the enormous
noise be guilty of robbery be innocent of robbery
4:of表示人物的特性,籍贯,特性或出生等
He is of Irish
descend (ascent)
People of obscure origin
(humble noble)
Man of keen perception a man
of moral integrity
5:固定词组
-say of, tale
of, hear of, think of, learn of, savor of
The
room smells of stale cabbage.
-brag of his
achievements. Boast of his children
beware of
pickpockets approve of the program
doubt of
success complain of poor management
-be sure
of be suspicious of be aware of
be confident
of be proud of be ashamed of
be afraid of be
capable of be lack of
be critical of be
shortly of be conscious of
be ignorant of be
wary of be cautious og
be appreciative of
your advice
-regardless of , irrespective of
,不管….无视
in favor of
decide on three most
popular leisure
activities irrespective of
age
介词Under
表示处于…状态之下，接受…
preparations are under way.
a road under
repair
books under the care of librarian
所以应该是give the pen to me！！！！！