新概念英语第四册第十九单元语法与句型
瑶瑟怨-平面设计专业
新概念英语第四册第十九单元课语法与句型
Lesson 19 The
stuff of dreams 说梦话的本质
It is fairly clear
that the sleeping period must have some function,
and because there is so
much of it the
function would seem to be important. Speculations
about its nature have been going
on for
literally thousands of years, and one odd finding
that makes the problem puzzling is that it
looks very much as if sleeping is not simply a
matter of giving the body a rest.' Rest ', in
terms of
muscle relaxation and so on, can be
achieved by a brief period lying, or even sitting
down. The
body's tissues are self-repairing
and self-restoring to a degree, and function best
when more or
less continuously active. In fact
a basic amount of movement occurs during sleep
which is
specifically concerned with
preventing muscle inactivity. If it is not a
question of resting the body,
then perhaps it
is the brain that needs resting? This might be a
plausible hypothesis were it not for
two
factors. First the electroencephalograph (which is
simply a device for recording the electrical
activity of the brain by attaching electrodes
to the scalp) shows that while there is a change
in the
pattern of activity during sleep, there
is no evidence that the total amount of activity
is any less.
The second factor is more
interesting and more fundamental. In l960 an
American psychiatrist
named William Dement
published experiments dealing with the recording
of eye-movements
during sleep. He showed that
the average individual's sleep cycle is punctuated
with peculiar
bursts of eye-movements, some
drifting and slow, others jerky and rapid. People
woken during
these periods of eye-movements
generally reported that they had been dreaming.
When woken at
other times they reported no
dreams. If one group of people were disturbed from
their
eye-movement sleep for several nights on
end, and another group were disturbed for an equal
period of time but when they were not
exhibiting eye-movements, the first group began to
show
some personality disorders while the
others seemed more or less unaffected. The
implications of
all this were that it was not
the disturbance of sleep that mattered, but the
disturbance of
dreaming. (NCE Book Four)
【语法点】matter的词性和用法
【课文原句】
Speculations
about its nature have been going on for literally
thousands of years, and one odd
finding that
makes the problem puzzling is that it looks very
much as if sleeping is not simply
a matter of
giving the body a rest.' Rest ', in terms of
muscle relaxation and so on, can be
achieved
by a brief period lying, or even sitting down.
The implications of all this were that it was
not the disturbance of sleep that mattered, but
the
disturbance of dreaming.
【例句衔接】All
right, leave the matter to us two.好吧，就把这件事交给我们俩吧。
As far as the weather is concerned, I don’t
think it matters. 就天气而论，我觉得没有什么关
系。
But
this does not matter, for, as he often remarked,
one is never too old to
learn.但是这不要紧，
因为，正如他一向所说的那样，一个人要活到老学到老。
Every task, no matter how boring, brings me
steps closer to fulfilling my dreams.
每一项工作，
无论多么乏味，都使我朝着实现梦想跨进了步伐。
For my part,
it doesn’t matter whether he comes or not.
对我来说，他来不来都没有关系。
1
He checks
the car as a matter of routine. 他例行公事，检查了汽车。
I
had suffered a great loss in business. To make
matters worse, the bank broke.
我生意上赔了
很多钱。更糟糕的是，银行又倒闭了。
Stress at work is
a matter of concern to staff and management.
工作压力是员工和资方都关心
的事。
It is a matter of pride
for him that he has never accepted money from his
family. 对他来说，从
未要过家里人一分一毫是一件事关的事。
a matter
of importance 重要的事情
a matter of concern关心的事情
a matter of regret 令人遗憾的事情
a matter for sb
某人处理的事情 a matter for the police 警察处理的事情
it’s
no small matter. 绝不是小事
what’s the matter
with...
there is nothing the matter with
there is something the matter with....
as
a matter of routine 常规的事情
as a matter of
principle 由于原则的缘故
as a matter of belief
由于信念的缘故
as a matter of policy由于政策的缘故
it’s
onlyjust a matter of time 只是时间问题
it’s a matetr
of life of death 生死攸关的事情
it’s a matter of
luckcosttaste 只是个运气问题、成本问题、兴趣问题
【语法点】and so on 的用法
【课文原句】Rest ', in terms
of muscle relaxation and so on, can be achieved by
a brief period
lying, or even sitting down.
【例句衔接】
He is interested in art, and music,
and books, and so on. 他对美术、音乐、书等都感兴趣。
We study
Politics, Chinese, English and so on.
我们学政治、中文、英文等等。
We may also divide the screen
into quarters, sixths, and so on.
我们亦可把屏幕划分为四等分、
六等分等等。
He talked about how
much we owed to our parents, our duty to our
country and so on and so
forth. 他谈到我们受到父母多少恩惠、
我们对国家应尽的义务等等。
They wanted him for guest shots,
record albums, personal appearances and so on.
他们请他在电
影中客串，请他灌唱片，举行专场演出，诸如此类。
Others are
interested in art, and music, and books, and so
on. 其他人都对艺术、音乐、书等感
兴趣。
She called him a
liar, hypocrite, a low down swab and so on.
她骂他撒谎、伪君子、可鄙的笨蛋。
诸如此类，不一而举。
There are
different forms of energy, such as heat energy,
electric energy, and so on. 能有各种不
同形式，诸如热能、电能等。
【语法点】含有self的复合词
2
【课文原句】The body's tissues are self-
repairing and self-restoring to a degree, and
function best
when more or less continuously
active.
【例句衔接】
Criticism and self-
criticism is necessary in that it helps us to find
and correct our mistakes.
批评
与自我批评是必要的，因为它能帮助我们发现并改正我们的错误。
Each time
you let go, you are sure to come close to self-
fulfillment. 每一次放弃，一定是进一步
地超越自我。
His
attractiveness is partly due to his self-
confidence. 他的吸引力一部分是由于他的自信。
（CIDE）
We hold
these truths to be self-evident that all men are
created equal. 我们认为下面的这些真理
是不言而喻的，那就是，人人生而平等。
More importantly, the Asian peoples have a
strong sense of self-esteem, self-confidence,
self-reliance and self-improvement. This is an
important driving force for transformation
and
innovation.
更重要的是，亚洲各国人民有着强烈的自尊自信、自立自强精神，这是
激励变革创新的重要动力。
Ethical or moral freedom meant to him the
autonomy and self-determination of the human will.
对他来说，伦理的或道德的自由，意味着人的意志自律与自我决定。
Other
people will give up working for a boss and become
self-employed. 还有些人不去给别的
老板打工，而是自己当老板。
The
advantage of this is that it can spur people on to
greater heights. The flaw is that it results in
self-centred individualism, which affects
creativity indirectly.
其好处是启发人的进取心，
弊端是导致以个人为中心，间接影响创新。
Self-
vevence, self-knowledge, self-control, these three
alone lead life to sovereign power.
自重，
自觉，自制，此三者可以将生命引至崇高境域。
He is a self-
educated man. He didn't finish even elementary
school. 他是一个自学成材的人。他
连小学也未读完。
Hong Kong has
entered its new era stronger and more self-assured
than at any other time in its
history.
香港踏入了自开埠以来经济最强劲和自信心最强的新纪元。
It was felt that
each nation's self-interest was served by
encouraging its exports and discouraging
its
imports. 一般认为，鼓励出口和限制进口是符合每个国家的自身利益的。
China
has traditionally been the self-sufficient, self-
contained 中国历来是自
给自足的“中史之国。”
The thought of
doing something humiliating to her own self-
respect attracted her wonderfully.
这
种去做使她的自尊心受到羞辱的事情的思想奇怪地诱惑着她。
The second
section consists of those who in the main are
economically self-supporting.
第二部分
是在经济上大体上可以自给的。
Self-absorbed
只顾自己的
Self-assurance 自信，自恃
Self-awareness
Self-confessed
Self-conscious
Self-
deception
Self-defence
3
Self-denial克己，苦行
Self-destruction
Self-discipline
Self-doubt
Self-
imposed
Self-knowledge
Self-pity
Self-
possessed
Self-restraint
Self-seeking
【语法点】“连词＋形容词”类省略句
【课文原句】The body's
tissues are self-repairing and self-restoring to a
degree, and function best
when more or less
continuously active.
【例句衔接】
The full
figures, when available, will show imports
remaining at a high level.
详尽的数据，在可
以获得时，将表明进口仍维持在高水平上。
We avoided one
another, whenever possible. 无论何时只要可能，我们都互相回避。
Cover and put in a cool place until ready to
serve. 将其加盖并放置与阴凉处，直至可以使用。
He lay still as
though asleep. 他躺着一动不动，就像睡着了一样。
The model
worker worked extremely hard though still ill.
尽管那位模范工人病得厉害，他仍极
其努力地工作。
Although unable to
attend, I appreciate the invitation.
虽然不能参加，我仍高兴受到邀请。
Whether true of false, the
story is interesting.不管真实与否，这个故事很有意思。
You must
study hard while (you are)young, or you will
regret when (you are) old.
年轻时你必
须好好学习，否则你老了会后悔。
Though not large, the
room was well lit. 房间虽不大却很亮堂。
Things were
beginning to improve, even if not quickly enough.
情况开始改善，尽管速度不够
快。
His job when young had
been to look after the landlord’s dogs and horses.
他小时候的工作，是
照看地主的狗和马。
He lay still as though
asleep. 他躺着一动不动，就像睡着了一样。
4
新概念英语第四册第十九单元课语法与句型
Lesson 19 The
stuff of dreams 说梦话的本质
It is fairly clear
that the sleeping period must have some function,
and because there is so
much of it the
function would seem to be important. Speculations
about its nature have been going
on for
literally thousands of years, and one odd finding
that makes the problem puzzling is that it
looks very much as if sleeping is not simply a
matter of giving the body a rest.' Rest ', in
terms of
muscle relaxation and so on, can be
achieved by a brief period lying, or even sitting
down. The
body's tissues are self-repairing
and self-restoring to a degree, and function best
when more or
less continuously active. In fact
a basic amount of movement occurs during sleep
which is
specifically concerned with
preventing muscle inactivity. If it is not a
question of resting the body,
then perhaps it
is the brain that needs resting? This might be a
plausible hypothesis were it not for
two
factors. First the electroencephalograph (which is
simply a device for recording the electrical
activity of the brain by attaching electrodes
to the scalp) shows that while there is a change
in the
pattern of activity during sleep, there
is no evidence that the total amount of activity
is any less.
The second factor is more
interesting and more fundamental. In l960 an
American psychiatrist
named William Dement
published experiments dealing with the recording
of eye-movements
during sleep. He showed that
the average individual's sleep cycle is punctuated
with peculiar
bursts of eye-movements, some
drifting and slow, others jerky and rapid. People
woken during
these periods of eye-movements
generally reported that they had been dreaming.
When woken at
other times they reported no
dreams. If one group of people were disturbed from
their
eye-movement sleep for several nights on
end, and another group were disturbed for an equal
period of time but when they were not
exhibiting eye-movements, the first group began to
show
some personality disorders while the
others seemed more or less unaffected. The
implications of
all this were that it was not
the disturbance of sleep that mattered, but the
disturbance of
dreaming. (NCE Book Four)
【语法点】matter的词性和用法
【课文原句】
Speculations
about its nature have been going on for literally
thousands of years, and one odd
finding that
makes the problem puzzling is that it looks very
much as if sleeping is not simply
a matter of
giving the body a rest.' Rest ', in terms of
muscle relaxation and so on, can be
achieved
by a brief period lying, or even sitting down.
The implications of all this were that it was
not the disturbance of sleep that mattered, but
the
disturbance of dreaming.
【例句衔接】All
right, leave the matter to us two.好吧，就把这件事交给我们俩吧。
As far as the weather is concerned, I don’t
think it matters. 就天气而论，我觉得没有什么关
系。
But
this does not matter, for, as he often remarked,
one is never too old to
learn.但是这不要紧，
因为，正如他一向所说的那样，一个人要活到老学到老。
Every task, no matter how boring, brings me
steps closer to fulfilling my dreams.
每一项工作，
无论多么乏味，都使我朝着实现梦想跨进了步伐。
For my part,
it doesn’t matter whether he comes or not.
对我来说，他来不来都没有关系。
1
He checks
the car as a matter of routine. 他例行公事，检查了汽车。
I
had suffered a great loss in business. To make
matters worse, the bank broke.
我生意上赔了
很多钱。更糟糕的是，银行又倒闭了。
Stress at work is
a matter of concern to staff and management.
工作压力是员工和资方都关心
的事。
It is a matter of pride
for him that he has never accepted money from his
family. 对他来说，从
未要过家里人一分一毫是一件事关的事。
a matter
of importance 重要的事情
a matter of concern关心的事情
a matter of regret 令人遗憾的事情
a matter for sb
某人处理的事情 a matter for the police 警察处理的事情
it’s
no small matter. 绝不是小事
what’s the matter
with...
there is nothing the matter with
there is something the matter with....
as
a matter of routine 常规的事情
as a matter of
principle 由于原则的缘故
as a matter of belief
由于信念的缘故
as a matter of policy由于政策的缘故
it’s
onlyjust a matter of time 只是时间问题
it’s a matetr
of life of death 生死攸关的事情
it’s a matter of
luckcosttaste 只是个运气问题、成本问题、兴趣问题
【语法点】and so on 的用法
【课文原句】Rest ', in terms
of muscle relaxation and so on, can be achieved by
a brief period
lying, or even sitting down.
【例句衔接】
He is interested in art, and music,
and books, and so on. 他对美术、音乐、书等都感兴趣。
We study
Politics, Chinese, English and so on.
我们学政治、中文、英文等等。
We may also divide the screen
into quarters, sixths, and so on.
我们亦可把屏幕划分为四等分、
六等分等等。
He talked about how
much we owed to our parents, our duty to our
country and so on and so
forth. 他谈到我们受到父母多少恩惠、
我们对国家应尽的义务等等。
They wanted him for guest shots,
record albums, personal appearances and so on.
他们请他在电
影中客串，请他灌唱片，举行专场演出，诸如此类。
Others are
interested in art, and music, and books, and so
on. 其他人都对艺术、音乐、书等感
兴趣。
She called him a
liar, hypocrite, a low down swab and so on.
她骂他撒谎、伪君子、可鄙的笨蛋。
诸如此类，不一而举。
There are
different forms of energy, such as heat energy,
electric energy, and so on. 能有各种不
同形式，诸如热能、电能等。
【语法点】含有self的复合词
2
【课文原句】The body's tissues are self-
repairing and self-restoring to a degree, and
function best
when more or less continuously
active.
【例句衔接】
Criticism and self-
criticism is necessary in that it helps us to find
and correct our mistakes.
批评
与自我批评是必要的，因为它能帮助我们发现并改正我们的错误。
Each time
you let go, you are sure to come close to self-
fulfillment. 每一次放弃，一定是进一步
地超越自我。
His
attractiveness is partly due to his self-
confidence. 他的吸引力一部分是由于他的自信。
（CIDE）
We hold
these truths to be self-evident that all men are
created equal. 我们认为下面的这些真理
是不言而喻的，那就是，人人生而平等。
More importantly, the Asian peoples have a
strong sense of self-esteem, self-confidence,
self-reliance and self-improvement. This is an
important driving force for transformation
and
innovation.
更重要的是，亚洲各国人民有着强烈的自尊自信、自立自强精神，这是
激励变革创新的重要动力。
Ethical or moral freedom meant to him the
autonomy and self-determination of the human will.
对他来说，伦理的或道德的自由，意味着人的意志自律与自我决定。
Other
people will give up working for a boss and become
self-employed. 还有些人不去给别的
老板打工，而是自己当老板。
The
advantage of this is that it can spur people on to
greater heights. The flaw is that it results in
self-centred individualism, which affects
creativity indirectly.
其好处是启发人的进取心，
弊端是导致以个人为中心，间接影响创新。
Self-
vevence, self-knowledge, self-control, these three
alone lead life to sovereign power.
自重，
自觉，自制，此三者可以将生命引至崇高境域。
He is a self-
educated man. He didn't finish even elementary
school. 他是一个自学成材的人。他
连小学也未读完。
Hong Kong has
entered its new era stronger and more self-assured
than at any other time in its
history.
香港踏入了自开埠以来经济最强劲和自信心最强的新纪元。
It was felt that
each nation's self-interest was served by
encouraging its exports and discouraging
its
imports. 一般认为，鼓励出口和限制进口是符合每个国家的自身利益的。
China
has traditionally been the self-sufficient, self-
contained 中国历来是自
给自足的“中史之国。”
The thought of
doing something humiliating to her own self-
respect attracted her wonderfully.
这
种去做使她的自尊心受到羞辱的事情的思想奇怪地诱惑着她。
The second
section consists of those who in the main are
economically self-supporting.
第二部分
是在经济上大体上可以自给的。
Self-absorbed
只顾自己的
Self-assurance 自信，自恃
Self-awareness
Self-confessed
Self-conscious
Self-
deception
Self-defence
3
Self-denial克己，苦行
Self-destruction
Self-discipline
Self-doubt
Self-
imposed
Self-knowledge
Self-pity
Self-
possessed
Self-restraint
Self-seeking
【语法点】“连词＋形容词”类省略句
【课文原句】The body's
tissues are self-repairing and self-restoring to a
degree, and function best
when more or less
continuously active.
【例句衔接】
The full
figures, when available, will show imports
remaining at a high level.
详尽的数据，在可
以获得时，将表明进口仍维持在高水平上。
We avoided one
another, whenever possible. 无论何时只要可能，我们都互相回避。
Cover and put in a cool place until ready to
serve. 将其加盖并放置与阴凉处，直至可以使用。
He lay still as
though asleep. 他躺着一动不动，就像睡着了一样。
The model
worker worked extremely hard though still ill.
尽管那位模范工人病得厉害，他仍极
其努力地工作。
Although unable to
attend, I appreciate the invitation.
虽然不能参加，我仍高兴受到邀请。
Whether true of false, the
story is interesting.不管真实与否，这个故事很有意思。
You must
study hard while (you are)young, or you will
regret when (you are) old.
年轻时你必
须好好学习，否则你老了会后悔。
Though not large, the
room was well lit. 房间虽不大却很亮堂。
Things were
beginning to improve, even if not quickly enough.
情况开始改善，尽管速度不够
快。
His job when young had
been to look after the landlord’s dogs and horses.
他小时候的工作，是
照看地主的狗和马。
He lay still as though
asleep. 他躺着一动不动，就像睡着了一样。
4