美国历史上的名人的英文简介
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2020年07月30日 23:44
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星期六英语-胖嘟嘟
Franklin is the Founding Father who is seen as the master of home-spun(朴素的) practical wisdom. Of humble origins, Franklin began as a printer and writer (the author of Poor Richard's Almanack), then became an inventor and scientist, and concluded his long career as the consummate(完美的) diplomat. He played a key behind-the-scenes role at the conventions that led to the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.
富兰克林是美国开国元勋，被誉为朴素、务实的智慧大师。他出身贫寒，最初从事印刷和写作（《穷人理查德年鉴》一书的作者），后成为发明家和科学家，最后作为杰出的外交家结束了漫长的职业生涯。他从幕后为各种重要会议发挥了关键作用，最后导致《独立宣言》和《美国宪法》的诞生。
George Washington (1732-99)
The first president of the United States and the American commander in chief during the War of Independence from Great Britain, Washington is often called the "Father of His Country." Originally a gentleman farmer from Virginia, Washington showed great leadership qualities as a soldier. Highly popular with the American public, he was eulogized by a member of Congress as "first in war, first in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen."
乔治?华盛顿（George Washington, 1732-1799)
华盛顿是美国第一任总统，在摆脱英国统治的独立战争（War of Independence）时期担任总司令，常被尊称为“国父”。他原是弗吉尼亚州（Virginia）一位从事农业的乡绅，后成为一名军人，表现出非凡的领导能力。他在美国公众中享有崇高的声望，一位国会议员曾赞颂他是“英勇作战第一人，争取和平第一人、國人心中第一人”。
Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)
Jefferson was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. "We hold these truths to be self-evident," he wrote, "that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness." Jefferson, who was later elected the third president of the United States, also wrote the state of Virginia's law establishing religious freedom and founded the University of Virginia. 托马斯?杰佛逊（Thomas Jefferson, 1743-1826)
杰佛逊是1776年《独立宣言》主要起草人。他写道：“我们认为下面这些真理是不言而喻的 : 人人生而平等，造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。”杰佛逊后来当选美国第三任总统。他还起草了弗吉尼亚州保障宗教自由的法律，并创办了弗吉尼亚大学（University of Virginia）。
Sacagawea (ca. 1786-1812)
A young woman of the Lemhi Indians in present-day Idaho, Sacagawea helped the Lewis and Clark expedition in 1804
票参加选举多次被捕，后来组织了国际妇女选举权同盟（International Woman Suffrage Alliance）。她于1906年逝世，但她为1920年保障妇女选举权的第19条宪法修正案获得通过创造了条件。
Albert Einstein (1879-1955)
The foremost physicist of the 20th century, Albert Einstein developed the theory of relativity, which overturned previous ideas on the nature of the physical universe. Born in 1879 in Germany, he developed his important ideas as a young man. In 1933, Einstein took a position with the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, New Jersey, and became an American citizen in 1940." His ideas would prove instrumental in developing the atomic bomb during World War II.
阿尔伯特?爱因斯坦（Albert Einstein, 1879-1955)
爱因斯坦是20世纪久负盛名的物理学家。他创立了相对论（theory of relativity），推翻了关于宇宙本质的旧观念。他1879年生于德国，很年轻时就提出了许多重要观点，1933年，他到新泽西州普林斯顿（Princeton, New Jersey）的高等研究院（Institute for Advanced Studies）任职， 1940年成为美国公民。他的学术思想对于美国在第二次世界大战（World War II）期间发明原子弹发挥了关键作用。
富兰克林?戴莱诺?罗斯福（Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 1882-1945)
罗斯福以其乐观的精神和政治智慧帮助美国渡过了南北战争（the Civil War）以来最艰难的时期：大萧条（the Great Depression）和第二次世界大战（World War II）。他于1933年就任总统，执政长达12年。在此期间，美国经济得到恢复，轴心国军队（the Axis forces）被打败。罗斯福是贫苦民众心目中的英雄，但众多工商界人士并不认同他在“新政” （New Deal）时期实施的经济和社会改革。
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945)
Franklin D. Roosevelt's optimism and political savvy helped carry the United States though its greatest domestic crisis since the Civil War: the hard times of the Great Depression and World War II. He assumed the presidency in 1933 and—during his 12 years at the helm—saw his country recover economically and triumph over the Axis forces. FDR was a hero to the poor, but many businessmen did not favor his economic and social reforms, called the New Deal.
约翰?菲茨杰拉德?肯尼迪（John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 1917-1963)
肯尼迪具有卓越的领导才能，建立了众多的业绩，风度优雅，充满智慧和魅力，人们经常怀着感念的心情回忆他担任美国总统的三年时光。在德克萨斯州达拉斯（Dallas, Texas），刺客的一颗子弹夺走了他的生命，但是他激励了千百万人民。1962年，他以坚定的意志抗击来古巴的苏联导弹威胁，以后又与苏联进行合作，缓和了核军备竞赛。他还创立了争取进步联盟（Alliance for Progress）及和平队（Peace Corps）。
John Fitzgerald