for与to的用法
常德教育局-关于春天的词语
for有很多种用法：
1. 表示“当作、作为”。如:
I
like some bread and milk for breakfast.
我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。
What will we have for supper?
我们晚餐吃什么?
2. 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如:
Thank
you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。
Thank you for your last letter. 谢谢你上次的来信。
Thank you for teaching us so well.
感谢你如此尽心地教我们。
3. 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对……
(而言)”。如:
Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。
Watching TV too much is bad for your health.
看电视太多有害于你的健康。
4. 表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”。如:
I
usually do the running for an hour in the morning.
我早晨通常跑步一小时。
We will stay there for two days.
我们将在那里逗留两天。
5. 表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等。如:
Let’s go for a walk. 我们出去散步吧。
I came here
for my schoolbag.我来这儿取书包。
I paid twenty yuan
for the dictionary. 我花了20元买这本词典。
6.
表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于……的”。如:
It’s time for
school. 到上学的时间了。
Here is a letter for you.
这儿有你的一封信。
7. 表示“支持、赞成”。如:
Are you for
this plan or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划?
8.
用于一些固定搭配中。如:
Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁?
For example, Mr Green is a kind teacher.
比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老
师。
for与to的区别:
In
English, prepositions are used to indicate the
relations between the
predicate and its
arguments. For, when used for this purpose,
indicates the
benefactive relation, i.e. some
one who benefits from the event specified by
the TO is used to indicate the dative
relation, goal to
which the action is
directed. Compare the following two sentences:
(a) John gave a gift to his girlfriend.
(b) John gave his life for his country.
简单来说就是,for更注重目的,表示有一方受益,to更注重指向.
to的用法:
一：表示相对，针对
be strange (common,
new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive,
immune,
vulnerable, indispensable) to
1
Air is indispensable to
life.
Aircrafts are vulnerable to
interference caused by radiation.
This
injection will make you immune to infection.
二：表示对比，比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：
superior
,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The
quarrel happened prior to my arrival.
2:
一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，
a
nalogous
A is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：
second,subsequent,ne
xt,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent to
the war,they returned to their hometown.
4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer
to,compare to,in contrast to
compare
to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World is usually compared to a stage
Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A
to doing B,但当prefer后接
动词不定式时,表示比较的介
词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted
soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many
people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than
remain home as house wives.
5:
to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an
under water concert is a great alternative to
going to dinner.
2
三: 表示修饰关系
1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to
question,
solution to problem,response
to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter
2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如:
entry,entrance,approa
ch,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the
approach to a bridge引桥
the approach to
science
Half of the population was
estimated to have no access to the health service.
The access to education 接受教育的机会
The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
3: 表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager,
ambassador to Spain,
successor to tradition,
heir to
throne,deputy to the National
People’s Congress
advisor to the Prime
Minister
4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission to the
boardroom.
Everyone has an equal right
to ……..
5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to
development,the barrier to progress
6:
表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
7:
表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to
the health of the guests.
Let’s drink to
Dick’s success in business
8:
另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.
如:key to
door,invitation to party,
guide to
action,limitation to life,accessory to school
3
四:
to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the
tune,
stamp to the rhythm of the song, add
salt to taste
（一）：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related
to,be relative to,in relation to,be
relevant
to,link to
Investigate all the facts
related to the problem.
People often
linked walth to happiness.
（二）：表示反对和赞同。
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be
oppsist to,be
contrary to,be adverse to,be
resistant to,be contradictory to,object
to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These
buildings are resistant to earthquake.
They are to tally opposed to any changes being
made in the plans.
2:
to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,
The employer consented to give him a salary
raise.
表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt
to,commodate to, adjust to,conform
to,habituate to,fit to,suit
to,correspond to,cater to
She tried
to habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the
interests of the people.
They offered
various foods to cater to the need of customers.
His words doesn’t fit to his actions.
Suit your writing style to the masses.
3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be
subordinate to,
submit to,subject to,surrender
to,give in to, confess to,admit to.
The
minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数
4
Countries nearby
oceans are always subject to earthquake.
He confessed to having robbed the woman of her
wallet.
We’re not the kind of people to
yield to any military threat.
五:
表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be
apt to,be liable to
He’s liable to
seasickness.
You are liable to come to
wrong conclusion.
六: 表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick
to,hold o,adhere to,cling to
He still holds
on to his original views.
七:
表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to
He’s
confined to the house by illness.
He
confined his remarks to scientific mangement.
八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get (be) to,used to,be
accustomed to
Finally,the students got used
to my teaching method.
九:
表示起因和原由,如:owing to,due to,thanks to,attribute
to,come down to
The flight was cancelled due
to the thick fog.
The famous artist
attributed his success to his wife.
十:
表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to
I aim
to be an excellent college teacher.
His
conceit lead to his failure.
These bad
condition has given rise to a lot of crises
十一: 表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,
All military adventures by the two super
powers are doomed to fail.
十二:
表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also
presented with some money.
The annual
output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.
5
十三: 表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted
to,contribute to,devote to,commit
to
He
is determined to devote all his life to his.
十四: 表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to
The church dates back to the 13th century.
十五: 表示方位概念.如:close to,next to
I
don’t like wool next to my skin.
十六:
表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,
He
usually appeals to arms to settle the territory
dispute.
十七: 表示有关注,关于: as to,with regard to
十八: 表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,
We should attach primary importance to job
training.
十九: 表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in
proportion to
According to today’s
newspaper,the match will be postponed.
The lending countries subscribe towards
capital stock in proportion to heir
economic
importance.
二十: 表示应该或必须含义的句式, 如:
It’s time to get up.
We are supposed to
get here at seven.
It’s up to this country to
ban nuclear weapons.
常用词组
respond
to（反应）, appeal to（吸引）, catch on to（理解）, listen to
（收听）,used
to（过去常常）, give birth to,attend
to（照料）, see to（负责）, be entitled to
（有权）, belong
to（属于）, come to（苏醒）, stand up to（勇敢面对）, help
oneself to（请自便）, refer to,to the point（切题）,
Train them to stand up to any severe test
in hard.
The ticket entitled you to a
free meal in the luxury hotel.
See to it
that the children get a hot meal after their swim.
You will catch on to the job shortly
after wards.
People usually refer to
television for up-to-the-minute news.
6
for有很多种用法：
1.
表示“当作、作为”。如:
I like some bread and milk for
breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。
What will we have
for supper? 我们晚餐吃什么?
2. 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如:
Thank you for helping me with my English.
谢谢你帮我学习英语。
Thank you for your last letter.
谢谢你上次的来信。
Thank you for teaching us so well.
感谢你如此尽心地教我们。
3. 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对……
(而言)”。如:
Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。
Watching TV too much is bad for your health.
看电视太多有害于你的健康。
4. 表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”。如:
I
usually do the running for an hour in the morning.
我早晨通常跑步一小时。
We will stay there for two days.
我们将在那里逗留两天。
5. 表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等。如:
Let’s go for a walk. 我们出去散步吧。
I came here
for my schoolbag.我来这儿取书包。
I paid twenty yuan
for the dictionary. 我花了20元买这本词典。
6.
表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于……的”。如:
It’s time for
school. 到上学的时间了。
Here is a letter for you.
这儿有你的一封信。
7. 表示“支持、赞成”。如:
Are you for
this plan or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划?
8.
用于一些固定搭配中。如:
Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁?
For example, Mr Green is a kind teacher.
比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老
师。
for与to的区别:
In
English, prepositions are used to indicate the
relations between the
predicate and its
arguments. For, when used for this purpose,
indicates the
benefactive relation, i.e. some
one who benefits from the event specified by
the TO is used to indicate the dative
relation, goal to
which the action is
directed. Compare the following two sentences:
(a) John gave a gift to his girlfriend.
(b) John gave his life for his country.
简单来说就是,for更注重目的,表示有一方受益,to更注重指向.
to的用法:
一：表示相对，针对
be strange (common,
new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive,
immune,
vulnerable, indispensable) to
1
Air is indispensable to
life.
Aircrafts are vulnerable to
interference caused by radiation.
This
injection will make you immune to infection.
二：表示对比，比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：
superior
,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The
quarrel happened prior to my arrival.
2:
一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，
a
nalogous
A is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：
second,subsequent,ne
xt,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent to
the war,they returned to their hometown.
4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer
to,compare to,in contrast to
compare
to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World is usually compared to a stage
Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A
to doing B,但当prefer后接
动词不定式时,表示比较的介
词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted
soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many
people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than
remain home as house wives.
5:
to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an
under water concert is a great alternative to
going to dinner.
2
三: 表示修饰关系
1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to
question,
solution to problem,response
to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter
2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如:
entry,entrance,approa
ch,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the
approach to a bridge引桥
the approach to
science
Half of the population was
estimated to have no access to the health service.
The access to education 接受教育的机会
The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
3: 表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager,
ambassador to Spain,
successor to tradition,
heir to
throne,deputy to the National
People’s Congress
advisor to the Prime
Minister
4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission to the
boardroom.
Everyone has an equal right
to ……..
5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to
development,the barrier to progress
6:
表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
7:
表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to
the health of the guests.
Let’s drink to
Dick’s success in business
8:
另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.
如:key to
door,invitation to party,
guide to
action,limitation to life,accessory to school
3
四:
to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the
tune,
stamp to the rhythm of the song, add
salt to taste
（一）：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related
to,be relative to,in relation to,be
relevant
to,link to
Investigate all the facts
related to the problem.
People often
linked walth to happiness.
（二）：表示反对和赞同。
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be
oppsist to,be
contrary to,be adverse to,be
resistant to,be contradictory to,object
to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These
buildings are resistant to earthquake.
They are to tally opposed to any changes being
made in the plans.
2:
to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,
The employer consented to give him a salary
raise.
表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt
to,commodate to, adjust to,conform
to,habituate to,fit to,suit
to,correspond to,cater to
She tried
to habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the
interests of the people.
They offered
various foods to cater to the need of customers.
His words doesn’t fit to his actions.
Suit your writing style to the masses.
3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be
subordinate to,
submit to,subject to,surrender
to,give in to, confess to,admit to.
The
minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数
4
Countries nearby
oceans are always subject to earthquake.
He confessed to having robbed the woman of her
wallet.
We’re not the kind of people to
yield to any military threat.
五:
表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be
apt to,be liable to
He’s liable to
seasickness.
You are liable to come to
wrong conclusion.
六: 表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick
to,hold o,adhere to,cling to
He still holds
on to his original views.
七:
表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to
He’s
confined to the house by illness.
He
confined his remarks to scientific mangement.
八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get (be) to,used to,be
accustomed to
Finally,the students got used
to my teaching method.
九:
表示起因和原由,如:owing to,due to,thanks to,attribute
to,come down to
The flight was cancelled due
to the thick fog.
The famous artist
attributed his success to his wife.
十:
表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to
I aim
to be an excellent college teacher.
His
conceit lead to his failure.
These bad
condition has given rise to a lot of crises
十一: 表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,
All military adventures by the two super
powers are doomed to fail.
十二:
表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also
presented with some money.
The annual
output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.
5
十三: 表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted
to,contribute to,devote to,commit
to
He
is determined to devote all his life to his.
十四: 表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to
The church dates back to the 13th century.
十五: 表示方位概念.如:close to,next to
I
don’t like wool next to my skin.
十六:
表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,
He
usually appeals to arms to settle the territory
dispute.
十七: 表示有关注,关于: as to,with regard to
十八: 表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,
We should attach primary importance to job
training.
十九: 表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in
proportion to
According to today’s
newspaper,the match will be postponed.
The lending countries subscribe towards
capital stock in proportion to heir
economic
importance.
二十: 表示应该或必须含义的句式, 如:
It’s time to get up.
We are supposed to
get here at seven.
It’s up to this country to
ban nuclear weapons.
常用词组
respond
to（反应）, appeal to（吸引）, catch on to（理解）, listen to
（收听）,used
to（过去常常）, give birth to,attend
to（照料）, see to（负责）, be entitled to
（有权）, belong
to（属于）, come to（苏醒）, stand up to（勇敢面对）, help
oneself to（请自便）, refer to,to the point（切题）,
Train them to stand up to any severe test
in hard.
The ticket entitled you to a
free meal in the luxury hotel.
See to it
that the children get a hot meal after their swim.
You will catch on to the job shortly
after wards.
People usually refer to
television for up-to-the-minute news.
6