2018年上外嘉定月考卷(含答案)
黑龙江省招生考试信息港-家庭教育心得体会
上外嘉定外国语学校月考模拟卷
Ⅱ.Grammar and Vocabulary
(每题1分，共20分)
Section A
Directions：After
reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to
make the passage
coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in
each blank
with the proper form of the given
word; for the other blanks, use one word that best
fits
each blank.
PISA: the Key to Success?
Every three years, the OECD tests the skills
and knowledge of 15-year-olds around
the 2015,
more than half a million
teenagers.(21)_________(represent) 28
million
students in 72 countries, took the test, known as
Pisa.
The first Pisa test was performed in
2000, but it(22)_______(grow) to become a
global school league table(比赛名次表) since then.
Its influence causes fear in
education
ministries, and criticism by academics. If a
country does poorly, that
(23)_______ be a
career-limiting result for an education minister.
In a 2014 open letter
to the OECD, academics
accused Pisa (24)_________preventing innovation,
encouraging rote-learning and being too
narrow.
The problem is not with the test in
principle--having objective data that show
(25)______education systems are delivering the
basics well is a good thing--but with
the way
it has become the dominant measure of success. As
soon as Pisa became a
global standard,
ministers begin to focus on working their way up
its league table. In
theory, rankings should
encourage innovation; In practice, it is
(26)_____(easy) to copy
the approach of the
league leaders.
(27)________ some European
countries such as Finland and Switzerland, do well
in Pisa results, Asian countries tend to
dominate the leaderboard. The latest round, in
2015, tested students in maths, reading,
science, problem solving--but it was the maths
and reading results (28)________made headlines
In 2015, the top seven in the ratings in terms
of maths were Singapore, Hong Kong,
Macau,
Taiwan, Japan, Mainland China and South Korea, all
of(29) ________have a
reputation for pushing
children hard. So the experts who prize high
positions in the
rankings are turning to it to
achieve(30) _________ ends.
It is easy to
mock（嘲笑） officials who cannot decide on the
specific results they
want to measure, but
setting goals for a perfect education system is
far harder.
Section B
Directions:
Complete the following passage by using the words
in the box. Each word
can only be used once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. bows B. cracks C. basically D. officially
E. conditioned D. confessed E. marks F.
cheating I. assumption J. proudest K.
imperfection
On an otherwise ordinary
afternoon in mid-December, the Hakata to Tokyo
express pulled into Nagoya and a thousand
passengers were ordered off the train. The
burning smell and unusual sound turned out to
be _31_in the chassis(底盘).
It was the first
time that the Shinkansen(新干线), the country's
symbol of industrial
power and “made in
Japan
“serious incident. Once upon a time, the
cracks would have been unthinkable; the
nation-- along with the outside world--has
long been __33__to think of Japanese
manufacturing as perfect. But after suffering
a succession of different scandals(丑闻),
Japan's problem is that _34_is far less
unthinkable than it used to be.
The bullet
train breakdown__35__ the peak of months of public
admissions by
some of Japan’s greatest
names—including Nissan Motor, Subaru, Toray
Industries,
Kobe Steel and Mitsubishi
Materials—that they have either been ___36__ on
quality
tests or faking documents to sell
products of a lower quality than stated.
Data
have been made up on materials used in everything
from Boeing aircraft and
nuclear plants to
space rockets and Uniqlo thermal underwear.
Factories have been
deprived of their Japanese
Industrial Standards certifications and chief
executives have
felt obliged to make deep
___37___ of apology. For an industrial economy
that has
build its global name on its
reputation for quality, these are nerve-racking
times.
No one thought that Japanese companies
were basically more honest than their
competitors around the world, says one former
Toshiba executive, but there was an
assumption
both inside and outside Japan that everyone on the
factory floor was
devoted to the perfection of
monozukuri, the craftsmanship that represents what
is
arguably the __38___ Japanese corporate
boasts. “That ____39___ is what has taken
the
heaviest beating,” he said.
When Hiroya
Kawasaki, the chief executive of Kobe Steel, first
___40__ that the
company had been taking part
in data falsification that dated back to the
1978s, his
statement was almost
apocalyptic(预示灾难的). “Trust in our company has
fallen to
zero,” he said.
Ⅱ. Reading
Comprehension
Section A(每题1分，共15分）
Directions: For each blank in the following
passage there are four words or phrases
marked
A, B, C and D. Fill each blank with the word or
phrase that best fits the context.
A baby born
in the West today will more likely than not live
to be 105, write Lynda
Gratton and Andrew
Scott of London Business School in their new book,
The 100-Year
Life. That may sound like science
fiction. ____41___, it’s only cautiously
optimistic.
If turning 100 becomes normal,
then the authors predict a fundamental redesign of
life. We currently live the three-stage life:
education, career, and then retirement. The
book __42____ that if today’s children want to
retire on livable pensions, they will need
to work until about age 80. That would
be a __43_ to the past: in 1880s, nearly half of
80-year-old Americans did some kind of work.
But few people will be able to bear the _44__
and boredom of a 55-year career in a
single
sector. Anyway, technological changes would make
their education outdated long
before they
reached 80. The new life-path will __45__ have
more than three stages.
Two new life-stages
appeared in the past century: teenagers and
retirees. Now
another stage is __46__, say
Gratton and Scott: the years from 18 to 30, which
people
increasingly spend __47__ from
education to full-time work. Of course, many of
today’s young have no choice: they simply
cannot find good jobs. But the 18-to-30s
have
also been __48__ to understand the gift of extra
years, say the authors. Many
young people are
now consciously searching and experimenting,
__49__ how they want
to spend the next seven
or so decades.
The authors predict that more
will do two degrees: first a general undergraduate
course, which teaches thinking skills with
lifelong value, and then a more __50__
vocational degree that teaches a specific
sector’s current needs. After studying, the
young will spend time travelling, exploring
different sectors, and __51__ a posse of
friends and acquaintances who can sustain them
at work and outside for 70 years.
Future
careers will contain many transformations. People
will have to make more
__52__: next year,
should you work hard in your job, return to
education, or transition
to an entirely new
sector? There will be time to achieve __53__ in
multiple fields. No
longer will women be
__54__careers because they took five or 10 years
out to raise
kids. That will still leave them
50-plus working years.
And people will change
their use of leisure. When you could expect a
40-year career
followed by fat state or
corporate pensions, you could spend your free time
chilling and
buying stuff. But the 100-year
life __55__ more saving. You might also need to
spend
much of your non-working time reskilling
or exercising to maintain your body and brain
for those extra decades.
41. A. In
particular B. In fact C. At most D. First of all
42. A. assesses B. calculates C. recommends
D. defines
43. A. review B. reward C.
return D. reform
44. A. exhaustion B.
interest C. mismatch D. revolution
45. A.
astonishingly B. conversely C. consequently D.
comparatively
46. A. falling B. shifting
C. functioning D. emerging
47. A.
transitioning B. ranging C. pursuing D.
revolutionizing
48. A. the slowest B. the
quickest C. the most reluctant D. the least
prepared
49. A. working out B. depending on
C. consisting of D. getting rid of
50. A.
general B. specific C. definite D.
peculiar
51. A. reuniting B. assembling C.
equipping D. supporting
52. A. decisions
B. obligations C. burdens D. benefits
53.
A. nothing B. efforts C. mastery D.
equality
54. A. denied B. given C.
withdrawn D. owed
55. A. equals B.
requires C. generates D. spends
Section B(每题2分，共22分）
Directions:
Reading the following three passages. Each passage
is followed by several
questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked A,
B, C and D. Choose the one
that fits best according to the information given
in the
passage you have just read.
(A)
The run-up to Easter is a busy time at the
Lindt＆Sprungli chocolate factory just
outside
Zurich, the sort of blend of modernity and
tradition. As robots pack candies into
boxes--
Lindt's global output also includes 140 million
gold-foil（金箔） wrapped
chocolate rabbits a
year-- the mechanical workers enjoy sweeping views
across a
dreamy Lake Zurich, the air with the
smell of cocoa.
But the chocolate magic may be
melting. Around the world, health-conscious
consumers are cutting back on sugary products.
Steep rise in the price of cocoa beans
in
recent years and competition among high street
retailers have bitten profit margins,
while
economic growth in the biggest markets has cut
sales. I consumers are also
turning to small,
local craft makers of handmade--robot-made--
chocolate.
The trouble faced by Swiss
chocolate-makers is playing out across the sectors
as
tastes shift and the war on sugar forces
everyone from wheat trader the makers of
Campbell Soup to rethink their business
models.
by hard discount retailers--all
these factors are making life less comfortable
[For Swiss
chocolate],onte in Zurich.
As a
result, Swiss chocolate producers are struggling
to position themselves in a
changing market.
Lindt,which saw organic sales growth slow to 6
percent per year and
its share fall 12 percent
from their peak in December 2015, is still better
on premium
products. We are not in that mass
market, says Ernst Tanny, executive chairman of
Lindt.
We're really for when you want to spoil
yourself, you want to relax, to forget the world
and just have a moment of peace or enjoyment.
Across Switzerland, the problems are
worse.
Nestle, the world's largest food drink company,
headquartered by Lake Geneva,
has been left
trailing in superior chocolate market.
56.
Which of the following is one of the reasons for
traditional chocolate's decline
A. The
marketing adjustment of retailers
B. The
pursuit of the superior raw material
C. The
public' s break from robot-made chocolates
D.
The trend towards healthier lifestyles
57.
What is Swiss chocolate producers ' response to
the decline in chocolate
consumption?
A.
Sticking to their original position and strategy
B. Increasing the bet on superior products
C. Making adjustments to the changing market
D. Making efforts to spoil the customers
58. In the passage following the last one, the
author would most probably focus_____
A. the
implications of dairy products' decline
B. the steps Nestle has taken to catch
up
C. the widespread phenomena in the weak
market
D. the role chocolate plays in
Switzerland
(B)
In a sweeping look at day-
to-day life in the White House, The New York Times
paints a vivid portrait of president Donald
Trump. In the process, the publication shows
some odd facts that you might not expect from
the leader of the free world. Here are
some of
the most interesting:
1. No one is allowed to
touch the remote but Trump.
Trump watches an
estimated four hours of TV per day, according to
the Time.
In fact, he records his favorite
shows--which include Fox＆Friend and Morning
Joe--when he's unable to watch and catches up
on them later. The reported in the
White House
is that no one touches the remote control except
the president and the
technical support staff.
And while the 60-inch screen mounted in the dining
room
may be muted during meetings, Trump
reportedly keeps an eye on rolling headlines.
2. He can down 12 cans of Diet Coke in a
single day.
Trump, famously, doesn't drink
alcohol--but he is a big fan of Diet Coke
reportedly drinking as many as 12 cans per
day.(He uses a button on his desk to call
household staff when he wants another.)
3.
Not being in the headlines stresses him out.
The US president might be one of the most
famous men in the world, but
according to the
Times profile, Trump gets uncomfortable if the
spotlight is not on
him. One former top
adviser said Mr. Trump grew uncomfortable after
two or three
days of peace and could not
handle watching the news without seeing
himself,
newspaper says.
4. He's definitely
not a foodie.
Bill Clinton was laughed for his
eating habits, but Trump's favorite cuisine is
one that could make some chefs annoyed.
According to NYT, dinners at the White
House
can include well-done steak, salad topped with
Roquefort dressing and bacon,
and massive
slices of dessert with extra ice cream.
5. He
has a preference for the White House bathrooms.
Trump regularly invites dinner guests to the
White House for moral support.
Afterward, he
loves to give them tours of the White House. The
Lincoln Bedroom
and the Truman Balcony are
regular stops, but he also has an odd preference
to
showing off bathrooms, including one he
recorded near the Oval Office.
59. Which of
the following might be a nickname of Trump?
A.
A foodie. B. A couch potato
C.
A clean freak（有洁癖者） D. An alcoholic
60.
According to the passage, what might unsettle
Trump?
A. Being under fire
B. Not making
the headlines
C. Watching muted TV during
meetings
D. Having salad topped with
Roquefort dressing
61. Which of the following
might be a quote from Trump's chef about the
president?
A. He ordered the steak which
rocked on the place and it was so well done
B.
Seeking fresh, organic and healthy food is a
fascination of his
C. His allergy to tomato
sauce forced him to give up the salad dressing
D. Compared with Clinton, he is no doubt
knowledgeable about food
62. What is the best
title for the passage?
A. Trump's Memory of
Routine life
B. Historical Rankings of US
Presidents
C. A Close Look at Life in the
White House
D. Little-Known Trump Facts
(C)
Google has been hit with a class-
action lawsuit alleging discrimination against
conservative-minded white men, in a legal case
that threatens a fresh bout of the culture
wars that engulfed the internet company last
summer.
The suit has been brought by James
Damore, an engineer who was sacked in
August
after his questioning of Google policies to
increase the hiring of women and
minorities
caused an outcry inside the company. It also names
a second engineer, David
Gudeman, who has also
claimed wrongful termination after leaving the
company in
2016. The company did not
immediately have a response to the suit.
Since
leaving Google, Mr Damore has spoken out widely
against the company,
attacking it for what he
calls “groupthink” over gender and other diversity
issues. His
case became a rallying point for
conservatives last year at a time when cultural
battles
stirred by President Donald Trump were
intensifying nationally.
The class action
lawsuit, filed in superior court in California on
Monday, was
brought on behalf of all employees
whom Google is alleged to have discriminated
against either because of “their perceived
conservative political views . . . their male
gender . . . [or] their Caucasian race（白色人种）”.
The lawsuit claims that there is “open
hostility for conservative thought” at the
company and that people who diverge from the
mainstream are singled out for
expressing
views on subjects such as diversity hiring
policies, bias sensitivity and social
justice.
Employees are “ostracised, belittled and
punished for their heterodox（异端的）
political
views, and for the added sin of their birth
circumstances of being Caucasians
andor
males”, the suit alleges. It accuses Google of
being an “ideological echo chamber
（意识形态回音室）”
that is hostile to some workers, and of
maintaining illegal hiring
quotas for women
and minorities. The suit will move forward only if
a judge certifies
it as a valid action on
behalf of an entire class of workers.
Mr
Damore was dismissed by Sundar Pichai, Google’s
chief executive, after
writing an internal
memo questioning the company’s diversity policies.
His paper was
widely circulated and aroused a
backlash inside Google. But his treatment brought
an
outcry from conservatives who saw Mr
Pichai’s reaction as an attack on open discussion
of an important social issue.
The lawsuit
claims that “the presence of Caucasians and males
was mocked with
‘boos’ during company-wide
weekly meetings” at Google.
63. James Damore
was fired by Google because____
A. he embraced
the vision that women were unemployed in Google
B. it was difficult for him to adapt himself
to the corporate culture of Google
C. Google
is intolerant of different viewpoints of employees
D. he questioned the company's policies about
the diversity of its employees
64. Which of
the following sentences is correct?
A. The
code of conduct and basic values of Google are in
everyone's interest
B. Google considered
women more suited than men to engineering
C.
Google wedded out discrimination rather than take
a permissive approach
D. White people were
underrated for their so-called ethnic political
opinions
65. What does the underlined word in
paragraph 7 probably mean?
A. Resistance B.
Sympathy n D. indifference
66. The passage is
chiefly concerned with _____
A. a legal case
started by a dismissed Google employee
B.
Google's values affecting the employees negatively
C. the same treatment in work and life
D.
legal remedies for inequality among workers
Section C（每题2分，共8分）
Directions: Complete
the following passage by using the sentences given
below. Each
sentence can be used only once.
Note that there are two more sentences than you
need.
A. The thing that relieves stress
from dual-working couples is having a job with
considerable flexibility
B. But research
shows that if you are coupled up these days,
there's a good chance that
both you and your
partner are in paid work
C. They officially
have a relationship contract requiring 100 minutes
of deadline time
together a week
D. It is
important to recognize that when that happens
rather than heap more on each
other and look
at bringing in extra hands
E. Some power
couples emphasize quality over quantity in terms
of sacrifice
F. Committing to both careers
often mean that one person will have to sacrifice
for the
other
The Special Skills
Power Couples Cultivate
There is no question
that George Clooney is one of the most successful
actors in
Hollywood.
But it wasn't until
he teamed up with Amal Alamuddin, a barrister
specializing in public
international law and
human rights who has represented high-profile
clients like
WikiLeaks founder Julian
Assange that he suddenly made up one half of
another status
all together--that of the power
couple.
Power couple--those in a
relationship who strive for success in their field
while
supporting each other's ambitions--come
in many different forms. It's obviously not
necessary that both have careers.__67__Today
about 48% of married couples in the US,
for
example, aren't dual income, compared with 25% in
1960. That percentage increases
to 61% if the
couple has children.
How do successful
dual income couples balance the demands of their
careers and
relationships? __68__But it should
be taken in turns with long-term goals in mind.
Phyllis Moen, a sociologist at the University
of Minnesota, says, People found that one
career might have to come first. It wasn't and
shouldn't necessarily be the same career
over
time. You can leapfrog over time so it will be a
different person whose career take
priority.
She adds that it's easier to prioritize your
partner 's career over your own when
you know
it's temporary and will even out over time.
Carving out time and holding it sacred for
families is critical. If it falls through
because of work, it's essential to rebook that
time somewhere else. Some couples, like
Mark
Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan, acknowledged the
time commitment officially.
__69__
It is
critical to outsource household work when possible
so it doesn't fall on one
person over the
other. Moen and his wife employ housekeepers and a
dog-walker. We
are both maxed out in terms of
bandwidth. __70__
IV. Summary Writing
(10分）
Directions: Read the following passage.
Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)
of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use
your own words as far as possible.
Friends
With More Genetic Similarities
When it comes
to friendships, it's important to have some things
in common.
However, while enjoying the same
films and having similar tastes in restaurants
might
seem important, the real test of a
strong friendship could lie in your genetics. This
is
because friends are more genetically
similar than strangers, claims a new study
published in Proceedings of the National
Academy of Science. A team of researchers
from
Stanford, Duke and the the University of Wisconsin
examined 5,500 American
adolescents using data
from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent
to Adult
Health.
After carrying out a
series of genetic comparisons between pairs of
friends, they
found a series of genetic
similarities between them, far more than between
pairs who
didn't know each other. They also
found that friends were on average around two-
thirds
as genetically similar as married
couples, reported Time.
This might be because
people are drawn to those with whom they have
shared
characteristics, i.e. having similar
backgrounds, levels of education or being of a
similar
height andor weight. The researchers
describe the process as a social homophily
(同质
性）
Another explanation they
suggest is that people tend to form friendships
within
shared social environments. For
example, they may attend the same school or live
in
the same community. This is known as social
structuring, the authors write. They added
that social homophily and social structuring
are not necessarily mutually exclusive
processes and that the two may also complement
one another.
Speaking to Time, lead author and
Stanford professor Benjamin Domingue
concluded
that the latter, which might be more subconscious,
could be more influential
in terms of friends
sharing similar genetics.
around people who
are like them, or is it due to impersonal forces,
such as social
structures, that we all are
affected by? asked. evidence， with respect to
friends, suggest that it's largely the effect
of social structures.
V. Translation (3+3+4+5, 共15分）
Directions:
Translate the following sentences into English,
using the words given in
the brackets.
72.
火药专家王泽山被授予2017年国家科学技术奖。（award）
73.
基于个人消费历史的网上年度账单可能会带来隐私泄露问题。（bring）
74. 去年登场以来，小程序（mini program)
提供了从订餐到共享自行车的网络服
务，收到了大家的热捧。（since）
75. 作为对政府关于减少碳排放的号召的回应，这家汽车制造商大胆承诺将在
2022前生产出16款电动汽车。（by)
答案
21 representing 22 has grown 23
will 24 of 25 if 26 easier
27
although 28 that 29which 30 their
31-40 BDEKG HAJIF
41-55 BBCAC DABDA
BACAB
56-58 DCB
59-62 BBAD
63-66
DCAA
67-70 BFCD
71 略
72 Gunpowder
expert Wangzeshan has just been awarded the 2017
national science and
technology award.
73
the annual online bill based on personal
consumption history may bring about the
problem of privacy leaks.
74Since they
appeared last year, mini-programs have offered
online service ranging
from ordinary food to
bicycle sharing and thus have been popular among
the public.
75 In response to the government’s
appeal for reducing carbon emissions, this
automobile manufacture made a bold promise
that it would produce sixteen models of
electric vehicles by 2022.
上外嘉定外国语学校月考模拟卷
Ⅱ.Grammar and
Vocabulary (每题1分，共20分)
Section A
Directions：After reading the passages below,
fill in the blanks to make the passage
coherent and grammatically correct. For the
blanks with a given word, fill in each blank
with the proper form of the given word; for
the other blanks, use one word that best fits
each blank.
PISA: the Key to Success?
Every three years, the OECD tests the skills
and knowledge of 15-year-olds around
the 2015,
more than half a million
teenagers.(21)_________(represent) 28
million
students in 72 countries, took the test, known as
Pisa.
The first Pisa test was performed in
2000, but it(22)_______(grow) to become a
global school league table(比赛名次表) since then.
Its influence causes fear in
education
ministries, and criticism by academics. If a
country does poorly, that
(23)_______ be a
career-limiting result for an education minister.
In a 2014 open letter
to the OECD, academics
accused Pisa (24)_________preventing innovation,
encouraging rote-learning and being too
narrow.
The problem is not with the test in
principle--having objective data that show
(25)______education systems are delivering the
basics well is a good thing--but with
the way
it has become the dominant measure of success. As
soon as Pisa became a
global standard,
ministers begin to focus on working their way up
its league table. In
theory, rankings should
encourage innovation; In practice, it is
(26)_____(easy) to copy
the approach of the
league leaders.
(27)________ some European
countries such as Finland and Switzerland, do well
in Pisa results, Asian countries tend to
dominate the leaderboard. The latest round, in
2015, tested students in maths, reading,
science, problem solving--but it was the maths
and reading results (28)________made headlines
In 2015, the top seven in the ratings in terms
of maths were Singapore, Hong Kong,
Macau,
Taiwan, Japan, Mainland China and South Korea, all
of(29) ________have a
reputation for pushing
children hard. So the experts who prize high
positions in the
rankings are turning to it to
achieve(30) _________ ends.
It is easy to
mock（嘲笑） officials who cannot decide on the
specific results they
want to measure, but
setting goals for a perfect education system is
far harder.
Section B
Directions:
Complete the following passage by using the words
in the box. Each word
can only be used once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. bows B. cracks C. basically D. officially
E. conditioned D. confessed E. marks F.
cheating I. assumption J. proudest K.
imperfection
On an otherwise ordinary
afternoon in mid-December, the Hakata to Tokyo
express pulled into Nagoya and a thousand
passengers were ordered off the train. The
burning smell and unusual sound turned out to
be _31_in the chassis(底盘).
It was the first
time that the Shinkansen(新干线), the country's
symbol of industrial
power and “made in
Japan
“serious incident. Once upon a time, the
cracks would have been unthinkable; the
nation-- along with the outside world--has
long been __33__to think of Japanese
manufacturing as perfect. But after suffering
a succession of different scandals(丑闻),
Japan's problem is that _34_is far less
unthinkable than it used to be.
The bullet
train breakdown__35__ the peak of months of public
admissions by
some of Japan’s greatest
names—including Nissan Motor, Subaru, Toray
Industries,
Kobe Steel and Mitsubishi
Materials—that they have either been ___36__ on
quality
tests or faking documents to sell
products of a lower quality than stated.
Data
have been made up on materials used in everything
from Boeing aircraft and
nuclear plants to
space rockets and Uniqlo thermal underwear.
Factories have been
deprived of their Japanese
Industrial Standards certifications and chief
executives have
felt obliged to make deep
___37___ of apology. For an industrial economy
that has
build its global name on its
reputation for quality, these are nerve-racking
times.
No one thought that Japanese companies
were basically more honest than their
competitors around the world, says one former
Toshiba executive, but there was an
assumption
both inside and outside Japan that everyone on the
factory floor was
devoted to the perfection of
monozukuri, the craftsmanship that represents what
is
arguably the __38___ Japanese corporate
boasts. “That ____39___ is what has taken
the
heaviest beating,” he said.
When Hiroya
Kawasaki, the chief executive of Kobe Steel, first
___40__ that the
company had been taking part
in data falsification that dated back to the
1978s, his
statement was almost
apocalyptic(预示灾难的). “Trust in our company has
fallen to
zero,” he said.
Ⅱ. Reading
Comprehension
Section A(每题1分，共15分）
Directions: For each blank in the following
passage there are four words or phrases
marked
A, B, C and D. Fill each blank with the word or
phrase that best fits the context.
A baby born
in the West today will more likely than not live
to be 105, write Lynda
Gratton and Andrew
Scott of London Business School in their new book,
The 100-Year
Life. That may sound like science
fiction. ____41___, it’s only cautiously
optimistic.
If turning 100 becomes normal,
then the authors predict a fundamental redesign of
life. We currently live the three-stage life:
education, career, and then retirement. The
book __42____ that if today’s children want to
retire on livable pensions, they will need
to work until about age 80. That would
be a __43_ to the past: in 1880s, nearly half of
80-year-old Americans did some kind of work.
But few people will be able to bear the _44__
and boredom of a 55-year career in a
single
sector. Anyway, technological changes would make
their education outdated long
before they
reached 80. The new life-path will __45__ have
more than three stages.
Two new life-stages
appeared in the past century: teenagers and
retirees. Now
another stage is __46__, say
Gratton and Scott: the years from 18 to 30, which
people
increasingly spend __47__ from
education to full-time work. Of course, many of
today’s young have no choice: they simply
cannot find good jobs. But the 18-to-30s
have
also been __48__ to understand the gift of extra
years, say the authors. Many
young people are
now consciously searching and experimenting,
__49__ how they want
to spend the next seven
or so decades.
The authors predict that more
will do two degrees: first a general undergraduate
course, which teaches thinking skills with
lifelong value, and then a more __50__
vocational degree that teaches a specific
sector’s current needs. After studying, the
young will spend time travelling, exploring
different sectors, and __51__ a posse of
friends and acquaintances who can sustain them
at work and outside for 70 years.
Future
careers will contain many transformations. People
will have to make more
__52__: next year,
should you work hard in your job, return to
education, or transition
to an entirely new
sector? There will be time to achieve __53__ in
multiple fields. No
longer will women be
__54__careers because they took five or 10 years
out to raise
kids. That will still leave them
50-plus working years.
And people will change
their use of leisure. When you could expect a
40-year career
followed by fat state or
corporate pensions, you could spend your free time
chilling and
buying stuff. But the 100-year
life __55__ more saving. You might also need to
spend
much of your non-working time reskilling
or exercising to maintain your body and brain
for those extra decades.
41. A. In
particular B. In fact C. At most D. First of all
42. A. assesses B. calculates C. recommends
D. defines
43. A. review B. reward C.
return D. reform
44. A. exhaustion B.
interest C. mismatch D. revolution
45. A.
astonishingly B. conversely C. consequently D.
comparatively
46. A. falling B. shifting
C. functioning D. emerging
47. A.
transitioning B. ranging C. pursuing D.
revolutionizing
48. A. the slowest B. the
quickest C. the most reluctant D. the least
prepared
49. A. working out B. depending on
C. consisting of D. getting rid of
50. A.
general B. specific C. definite D.
peculiar
51. A. reuniting B. assembling C.
equipping D. supporting
52. A. decisions
B. obligations C. burdens D. benefits
53.
A. nothing B. efforts C. mastery D.
equality
54. A. denied B. given C.
withdrawn D. owed
55. A. equals B.
requires C. generates D. spends
Section B(每题2分，共22分）
Directions:
Reading the following three passages. Each passage
is followed by several
questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked A,
B, C and D. Choose the one
that fits best according to the information given
in the
passage you have just read.
(A)
The run-up to Easter is a busy time at the
Lindt＆Sprungli chocolate factory just
outside
Zurich, the sort of blend of modernity and
tradition. As robots pack candies into
boxes--
Lindt's global output also includes 140 million
gold-foil（金箔） wrapped
chocolate rabbits a
year-- the mechanical workers enjoy sweeping views
across a
dreamy Lake Zurich, the air with the
smell of cocoa.
But the chocolate magic may be
melting. Around the world, health-conscious
consumers are cutting back on sugary products.
Steep rise in the price of cocoa beans
in
recent years and competition among high street
retailers have bitten profit margins,
while
economic growth in the biggest markets has cut
sales. I consumers are also
turning to small,
local craft makers of handmade--robot-made--
chocolate.
The trouble faced by Swiss
chocolate-makers is playing out across the sectors
as
tastes shift and the war on sugar forces
everyone from wheat trader the makers of
Campbell Soup to rethink their business
models.
by hard discount retailers--all
these factors are making life less comfortable
[For Swiss
chocolate],onte in Zurich.
As a
result, Swiss chocolate producers are struggling
to position themselves in a
changing market.
Lindt,which saw organic sales growth slow to 6
percent per year and
its share fall 12 percent
from their peak in December 2015, is still better
on premium
products. We are not in that mass
market, says Ernst Tanny, executive chairman of
Lindt.
We're really for when you want to spoil
yourself, you want to relax, to forget the world
and just have a moment of peace or enjoyment.
Across Switzerland, the problems are
worse.
Nestle, the world's largest food drink company,
headquartered by Lake Geneva,
has been left
trailing in superior chocolate market.
56.
Which of the following is one of the reasons for
traditional chocolate's decline
A. The
marketing adjustment of retailers
B. The
pursuit of the superior raw material
C. The
public' s break from robot-made chocolates
D.
The trend towards healthier lifestyles
57.
What is Swiss chocolate producers ' response to
the decline in chocolate
consumption?
A.
Sticking to their original position and strategy
B. Increasing the bet on superior products
C. Making adjustments to the changing market
D. Making efforts to spoil the customers
58. In the passage following the last one, the
author would most probably focus_____
A. the
implications of dairy products' decline
B. the steps Nestle has taken to catch
up
C. the widespread phenomena in the weak
market
D. the role chocolate plays in
Switzerland
(B)
In a sweeping look at day-
to-day life in the White House, The New York Times
paints a vivid portrait of president Donald
Trump. In the process, the publication shows
some odd facts that you might not expect from
the leader of the free world. Here are
some of
the most interesting:
1. No one is allowed to
touch the remote but Trump.
Trump watches an
estimated four hours of TV per day, according to
the Time.
In fact, he records his favorite
shows--which include Fox＆Friend and Morning
Joe--when he's unable to watch and catches up
on them later. The reported in the
White House
is that no one touches the remote control except
the president and the
technical support staff.
And while the 60-inch screen mounted in the dining
room
may be muted during meetings, Trump
reportedly keeps an eye on rolling headlines.
2. He can down 12 cans of Diet Coke in a
single day.
Trump, famously, doesn't drink
alcohol--but he is a big fan of Diet Coke
reportedly drinking as many as 12 cans per
day.(He uses a button on his desk to call
household staff when he wants another.)
3.
Not being in the headlines stresses him out.
The US president might be one of the most
famous men in the world, but
according to the
Times profile, Trump gets uncomfortable if the
spotlight is not on
him. One former top
adviser said Mr. Trump grew uncomfortable after
two or three
days of peace and could not
handle watching the news without seeing
himself,
newspaper says.
4. He's definitely
not a foodie.
Bill Clinton was laughed for his
eating habits, but Trump's favorite cuisine is
one that could make some chefs annoyed.
According to NYT, dinners at the White
House
can include well-done steak, salad topped with
Roquefort dressing and bacon,
and massive
slices of dessert with extra ice cream.
5. He
has a preference for the White House bathrooms.
Trump regularly invites dinner guests to the
White House for moral support.
Afterward, he
loves to give them tours of the White House. The
Lincoln Bedroom
and the Truman Balcony are
regular stops, but he also has an odd preference
to
showing off bathrooms, including one he
recorded near the Oval Office.
59. Which of
the following might be a nickname of Trump?
A.
A foodie. B. A couch potato
C.
A clean freak（有洁癖者） D. An alcoholic
60.
According to the passage, what might unsettle
Trump?
A. Being under fire
B. Not making
the headlines
C. Watching muted TV during
meetings
D. Having salad topped with
Roquefort dressing
61. Which of the following
might be a quote from Trump's chef about the
president?
A. He ordered the steak which
rocked on the place and it was so well done
B.
Seeking fresh, organic and healthy food is a
fascination of his
C. His allergy to tomato
sauce forced him to give up the salad dressing
D. Compared with Clinton, he is no doubt
knowledgeable about food
62. What is the best
title for the passage?
A. Trump's Memory of
Routine life
B. Historical Rankings of US
Presidents
C. A Close Look at Life in the
White House
D. Little-Known Trump Facts
(C)
Google has been hit with a class-
action lawsuit alleging discrimination against
conservative-minded white men, in a legal case
that threatens a fresh bout of the culture
wars that engulfed the internet company last
summer.
The suit has been brought by James
Damore, an engineer who was sacked in
August
after his questioning of Google policies to
increase the hiring of women and
minorities
caused an outcry inside the company. It also names
a second engineer, David
Gudeman, who has also
claimed wrongful termination after leaving the
company in
2016. The company did not
immediately have a response to the suit.
Since
leaving Google, Mr Damore has spoken out widely
against the company,
attacking it for what he
calls “groupthink” over gender and other diversity
issues. His
case became a rallying point for
conservatives last year at a time when cultural
battles
stirred by President Donald Trump were
intensifying nationally.
The class action
lawsuit, filed in superior court in California on
Monday, was
brought on behalf of all employees
whom Google is alleged to have discriminated
against either because of “their perceived
conservative political views . . . their male
gender . . . [or] their Caucasian race（白色人种）”.
The lawsuit claims that there is “open
hostility for conservative thought” at the
company and that people who diverge from the
mainstream are singled out for
expressing
views on subjects such as diversity hiring
policies, bias sensitivity and social
justice.
Employees are “ostracised, belittled and
punished for their heterodox（异端的）
political
views, and for the added sin of their birth
circumstances of being Caucasians
andor
males”, the suit alleges. It accuses Google of
being an “ideological echo chamber
（意识形态回音室）”
that is hostile to some workers, and of
maintaining illegal hiring
quotas for women
and minorities. The suit will move forward only if
a judge certifies
it as a valid action on
behalf of an entire class of workers.
Mr
Damore was dismissed by Sundar Pichai, Google’s
chief executive, after
writing an internal
memo questioning the company’s diversity policies.
His paper was
widely circulated and aroused a
backlash inside Google. But his treatment brought
an
outcry from conservatives who saw Mr
Pichai’s reaction as an attack on open discussion
of an important social issue.
The lawsuit
claims that “the presence of Caucasians and males
was mocked with
‘boos’ during company-wide
weekly meetings” at Google.
63. James Damore
was fired by Google because____
A. he embraced
the vision that women were unemployed in Google
B. it was difficult for him to adapt himself
to the corporate culture of Google
C. Google
is intolerant of different viewpoints of employees
D. he questioned the company's policies about
the diversity of its employees
64. Which of
the following sentences is correct?
A. The
code of conduct and basic values of Google are in
everyone's interest
B. Google considered
women more suited than men to engineering
C.
Google wedded out discrimination rather than take
a permissive approach
D. White people were
underrated for their so-called ethnic political
opinions
65. What does the underlined word in
paragraph 7 probably mean?
A. Resistance B.
Sympathy n D. indifference
66. The passage is
chiefly concerned with _____
A. a legal case
started by a dismissed Google employee
B.
Google's values affecting the employees negatively
C. the same treatment in work and life
D.
legal remedies for inequality among workers
Section C（每题2分，共8分）
Directions: Complete
the following passage by using the sentences given
below. Each
sentence can be used only once.
Note that there are two more sentences than you
need.
A. The thing that relieves stress
from dual-working couples is having a job with
considerable flexibility
B. But research
shows that if you are coupled up these days,
there's a good chance that
both you and your
partner are in paid work
C. They officially
have a relationship contract requiring 100 minutes
of deadline time
together a week
D. It is
important to recognize that when that happens
rather than heap more on each
other and look
at bringing in extra hands
E. Some power
couples emphasize quality over quantity in terms
of sacrifice
F. Committing to both careers
often mean that one person will have to sacrifice
for the
other
The Special Skills
Power Couples Cultivate
There is no question
that George Clooney is one of the most successful
actors in
Hollywood.
But it wasn't until
he teamed up with Amal Alamuddin, a barrister
specializing in public
international law and
human rights who has represented high-profile
clients like
WikiLeaks founder Julian
Assange that he suddenly made up one half of
another status
all together--that of the power
couple.
Power couple--those in a
relationship who strive for success in their field
while
supporting each other's ambitions--come
in many different forms. It's obviously not
necessary that both have careers.__67__Today
about 48% of married couples in the US,
for
example, aren't dual income, compared with 25% in
1960. That percentage increases
to 61% if the
couple has children.
How do successful
dual income couples balance the demands of their
careers and
relationships? __68__But it should
be taken in turns with long-term goals in mind.
Phyllis Moen, a sociologist at the University
of Minnesota, says, People found that one
career might have to come first. It wasn't and
shouldn't necessarily be the same career
over
time. You can leapfrog over time so it will be a
different person whose career take
priority.
She adds that it's easier to prioritize your
partner 's career over your own when
you know
it's temporary and will even out over time.
Carving out time and holding it sacred for
families is critical. If it falls through
because of work, it's essential to rebook that
time somewhere else. Some couples, like
Mark
Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan, acknowledged the
time commitment officially.
__69__
It is
critical to outsource household work when possible
so it doesn't fall on one
person over the
other. Moen and his wife employ housekeepers and a
dog-walker. We
are both maxed out in terms of
bandwidth. __70__
IV. Summary Writing
(10分）
Directions: Read the following passage.
Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)
of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use
your own words as far as possible.
Friends
With More Genetic Similarities
When it comes
to friendships, it's important to have some things
in common.
However, while enjoying the same
films and having similar tastes in restaurants
might
seem important, the real test of a
strong friendship could lie in your genetics. This
is
because friends are more genetically
similar than strangers, claims a new study
published in Proceedings of the National
Academy of Science. A team of researchers
from
Stanford, Duke and the the University of Wisconsin
examined 5,500 American
adolescents using data
from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent
to Adult
Health.
After carrying out a
series of genetic comparisons between pairs of
friends, they
found a series of genetic
similarities between them, far more than between
pairs who
didn't know each other. They also
found that friends were on average around two-
thirds
as genetically similar as married
couples, reported Time.
This might be because
people are drawn to those with whom they have
shared
characteristics, i.e. having similar
backgrounds, levels of education or being of a
similar
height andor weight. The researchers
describe the process as a social homophily
(同质
性）
Another explanation they
suggest is that people tend to form friendships
within
shared social environments. For
example, they may attend the same school or live
in
the same community. This is known as social
structuring, the authors write. They added
that social homophily and social structuring
are not necessarily mutually exclusive
processes and that the two may also complement
one another.
Speaking to Time, lead author and
Stanford professor Benjamin Domingue
concluded
that the latter, which might be more subconscious,
could be more influential
in terms of friends
sharing similar genetics.
around people who
are like them, or is it due to impersonal forces,
such as social
structures, that we all are
affected by? asked. evidence， with respect to
friends, suggest that it's largely the effect
of social structures.
V. Translation (3+3+4+5, 共15分）
Directions:
Translate the following sentences into English,
using the words given in
the brackets.
72.
火药专家王泽山被授予2017年国家科学技术奖。（award）
73.
基于个人消费历史的网上年度账单可能会带来隐私泄露问题。（bring）
74. 去年登场以来，小程序（mini program)
提供了从订餐到共享自行车的网络服
务，收到了大家的热捧。（since）
75. 作为对政府关于减少碳排放的号召的回应，这家汽车制造商大胆承诺将在
2022前生产出16款电动汽车。（by)
答案
21 representing 22 has grown 23
will 24 of 25 if 26 easier
27
although 28 that 29which 30 their
31-40 BDEKG HAJIF
41-55 BBCAC DABDA
BACAB
56-58 DCB
59-62 BBAD
63-66
DCAA
67-70 BFCD
71 略
72 Gunpowder
expert Wangzeshan has just been awarded the 2017
national science and
technology award.
73
the annual online bill based on personal
consumption history may bring about the
problem of privacy leaks.
74Since they
appeared last year, mini-programs have offered
online service ranging
from ordinary food to
bicycle sharing and thus have been popular among
the public.
75 In response to the government’s
appeal for reducing carbon emissions, this
automobile manufacture made a bold promise
that it would produce sixteen models of
electric vehicles by 2022.