(完整版)小学英语名词讲解及练习
西安邮电学院教务处-七年级信息技术教学计划
六年级周末英语
小学英语名词讲解及练习
一、名词的概念:
名词时某个人或物的名称,或是某类人或物的抽象名称。
如:student desk
chair water milk …
二、名词的分类:
名词分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。名词在句子中作主语,宾语或表语等。
1.普通名词 普通名词是某类人、事件、物体和抽象概念的名称。根据所指代物体的特
征,普通名
词又可分为以下四类:
A.个体名词: 表示人或物体中可以数清的单
个体。如:stu
dent(学生)、pen(钢笔)、
bird(鸟)等。
B.集体名词: (即集
合名词)表示由个体组成
的集合体。如:people(人民)、police(警
察)、fa
mily(家庭)等
C.物质名词: 表示构成物体物质的不可数名
词,或表示无法分为个体
的物质的名词。
如:water(水)、air(空气)、wood(木头)
等。
D.抽象名词 : 表示动作、状态、品质、情感
等非具体化的抽象概念。如:work(工作
)、
peace(和平)、love(爱)等。
2. 专有名词 : 专有名词
是某些人、事物、机
构、组织等特有的名称。主要包括:人名、地名、
国名、党派名称等。如:
Churchill(丘吉尔)、
1
六年级周末英语
Tokyo(东京)、China(中国)等。
三、可数名词和不可数名词。
1、可数名词:
一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词。可数名词有单数和
复
数两种形式。
例如: a book, two books, a
student, three students, a family, many families。
名词单数变复数变化如下:
1.词尾直接加 S 如:cat——cats
bag——bags day——days
2.以 S, SH, CH, X
结尾的词加es如:class——classes match——matches box-----
boxes
dish ---- dishes
3.以辅音加 y 结尾的词变 y 为
i, 加es. 元音加 y 结尾的词直接加 s,
如
party----parties
city----cities story----stories
boy----
monkeys key---- keys 等.
4.以 f 或 fe
结尾的词, 变 f 或 fe 为 v, 加 es,
如: wife ---- wives
half---- halves
注意特殊情况直接加“S”,要逐个记
chiefs,handkerchiefs, roofs.
5.以辅音加 o 结尾的词常
有生命的一般加 es 如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes.
无生命的一般加s. 如:radios, zoos, pianos, photos
名词的复数并不规则变化:
单复数同形: sheep -----sheep
fish----fish deer ----deer people
-----people
特殊变化: man-men, woman-women,
tooth---teeth, goose---geese, foot---feet,
child--children, mouse-mice
2、不可数名词
:
toys monkey-----
不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water等)及抽象名词(advice,
hate)等。
所以它通常只有单数形式。如:English, air, water,
cotton, work…
不可数名词表示数量时,可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词
2
六年级周末英语
+of+名词。如:a bottle of
water,two cups of tea,three pieces of paper
注意事项:
1.不可数名词没有复数变化,不能用A,AN,但可用THE,或不用冠词,
如:bread is the usual breakfast.
2.虽然不可数名词没有复数变化,但量词超过一时要加复数。
如:three cups
of coffee, five bottles of water
3.有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数,不可数时用单数,可数时用复数,
如:ten
bags of rice---- ten baskets of eggs
名词所有格
一、表示有生命物的名词的所有格
1.单数名词词尾加’s,
复数名词如果词尾没有s,也要加’s。
the boy's bag
男孩的书包
Mike's knife
迈克的刀子
the children's room
孩子们的房间
men's room
男厕所
2.若名词已有复数词尾s,只加 ’
the students' bags
学生们的书包
the teachers' reading-room
教师阅览室
3.表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后加's。如表示各自所有,则需
在各
个名字后加's。如:
This is Tom and Jason's room.
这是汤姆和杰森共有的房间。
These are Tom's and Jason's
rooms. 这些是汤姆和杰森各自的房间。
二、.表示无生命物的名词所有格
1、如果名词是无生命的,我们就要用名词+of +名词的结构来表示所有关系。
the
windows of the house 房间的窗户
the title of the song
歌的名字
the picture of the family
家庭照片
2、在表示名词所有格时,'s结构可以转换成of结构。
the girl's
name → the name of the girl 女孩的名字
my father's friend →the friend of my
father's 我父亲的朋友
3
六年级周末英语
3、有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词,也可以加's来构成所有格。
Beijing's street
北京的街道
today's newspaper
今天的报纸
ten minutes' walk
十分钟的路程
名词练习
一圈出下列单词中的不可数名词
peach ink water zoo sister coffee knife
snow ice tea orange
rain wind car teacher
music ear cola watermelon cherry
一.
写出下列名词的复数形式
__________ __________
__________
__________ __________
__________
__________ __________
__________
__________ _________
__________
_________ _______ y_________
_________ ________ one_________
二.
填入所给名词的适当形式
1. We have three________(pen).
2. This is an __________(apple).
4
fridge jeep
六年级周末英语
3. Where
is the__________(pencil)?
4. There is a little
__________ in the bottle(juice).
5. Are you a
__________(driver)? Yes, I am.
6. There are
a few __________(watch)on the desk.
7.
Many__________(shelf)are in our school library.
8. He has some__________(ink).
9.
The__________(girl)in red is Mary.
10. How
many__________(people)are there in your family?
Three.
三. 单项选择题
( ) is __________on the
table.
A. Plate B. a plate C. plates
( )2.I can see many __________in the garden.
A. flowers B. a flower C. flowers
( )_____on the hills are all white.
A.
sheep B. sheeps C. dog
( ) new_____are
for you.
A. skirt B. shoe C. shirts
( ) clock has three______
A. legs B.
leg C. faces
( ) are not in the
same_______.
A. class B. classes C.
familys
( ) this your_____?
A. a key
B. keys C. key
( ) are having_____.
A. a class B. English class C. Chinese
class
( ) are so many _____in the hall.
A. peoples B. people C. a people
(
)_____has some nice pictures.
A. boys B.
teachers C. child
( )_____are dancing
at the party.
5
六年级周末英语
A.
woman B. women C. man
( ) _____are in
Room408.
A. student
(
B. a student
C. students
)’s that_____? She’s my mother.
A. man B. woman C. women
(
)_____are catching the thief.
A. policeman B.
policemen C. policemans
( ) are new
_____in my schoolbag.
(
)16._____jacket is it? May be it’s_____.
A.
Who’s; Toms B. What; Tom’s
( ) books are
the_____.
A. teachers’
(
B. teachers
C. teacher
C. Whose; Tom’s
) are a lot
of children in the park on_____ Day.
A.
children B. Children’s C. Childrens’
( ) it the twins’ bedroom? Yes, it is.
It’s_____ bedroom.
A. Ann and Anna’s B. Ann’s
and Anna’s C. Ann and Anna
( ) is _____dog.
A. Tom’s B. Toms C. Tom
( )21._____coats
are very pretty.
A. Jim and Tim’s B. Jim’s
and Tim’s C. Jim and Tim
( ) are going to
their _____home for dinner.
A. uncles B.
uncle C. uncle’s
( ) big room is_____.
A. the twin’s B. twins’ C. the twins’
( ) 8th is_____.
A. Woman’s Day B.
Womans’ Day C. Women’s Day
四. 阅读理解
Look at the picture on the wall. It’s a
picture of Mr. Green’s family. The old man is Jim
6
六年级周末英语
Green. He is Mr.
Green’s father. Mr. Green is a worker. His wife,
Helen Green, is a doctor. They
have two
daughters. They are Lucy and Lily. They are twins.
Lucy and Lily have a cousin, Jeff.
Jeff’s
parents love them all very much.
( ) old
man is Lucy and Lily’s__________.
A. father
B. cousin C. uncle D. grandfather
( )
Greens have two__________.
A. brothers B.
sisters C. sons
( ) has__________.
A. a friend B. a sister C. a brother
( )’s father is Lucy and Lily’s__________.
A. Uncle B. father C. brother
( )’s
mother is a __________.
A. doctor B. worker
C. teacher
7
D. daughters
D. two sisters
D.
grandfather
D. father
六年级周末英语
小学英语名词讲解及练习
一、名词的概念:
名词时某个人或物的名称,或是某类人或物的抽象名称。
如:student desk
chair water milk …
二、名词的分类:
名词分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。名词在句子中作主语,宾语或表语等。
1.普通名词 普通名词是某类人、事件、物体和抽象概念的名称。根据所指代物体的特
征,普通名
词又可分为以下四类:
A.个体名词: 表示人或物体中可以数清的单
个体。如:stu
dent(学生)、pen(钢笔)、
bird(鸟)等。
B.集体名词: (即集
合名词)表示由个体组成
的集合体。如:people(人民)、police(警
察)、fa
mily(家庭)等
C.物质名词: 表示构成物体物质的不可数名
词,或表示无法分为个体
的物质的名词。
如:water(水)、air(空气)、wood(木头)
等。
D.抽象名词 : 表示动作、状态、品质、情感
等非具体化的抽象概念。如:work(工作
)、
peace(和平)、love(爱)等。
2. 专有名词 : 专有名词
是某些人、事物、机
构、组织等特有的名称。主要包括:人名、地名、
国名、党派名称等。如:
Churchill(丘吉尔)、
1
六年级周末英语
Tokyo(东京)、China(中国)等。
三、可数名词和不可数名词。
1、可数名词:
一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词。可数名词有单数和
复
数两种形式。
例如: a book, two books, a
student, three students, a family, many families。
名词单数变复数变化如下:
1.词尾直接加 S 如:cat——cats
bag——bags day——days
2.以 S, SH, CH, X
结尾的词加es如:class——classes match——matches box-----
boxes
dish ---- dishes
3.以辅音加 y 结尾的词变 y 为
i, 加es. 元音加 y 结尾的词直接加 s,
如
party----parties
city----cities story----stories
boy----
monkeys key---- keys 等.
4.以 f 或 fe
结尾的词, 变 f 或 fe 为 v, 加 es,
如: wife ---- wives
half---- halves
注意特殊情况直接加“S”,要逐个记
chiefs,handkerchiefs, roofs.
5.以辅音加 o 结尾的词常
有生命的一般加 es 如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes.
无生命的一般加s. 如:radios, zoos, pianos, photos
名词的复数并不规则变化:
单复数同形: sheep -----sheep
fish----fish deer ----deer people
-----people
特殊变化: man-men, woman-women,
tooth---teeth, goose---geese, foot---feet,
child--children, mouse-mice
2、不可数名词
:
toys monkey-----
不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water等)及抽象名词(advice,
hate)等。
所以它通常只有单数形式。如:English, air, water,
cotton, work…
不可数名词表示数量时,可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词
2
六年级周末英语
+of+名词。如:a bottle of
water,two cups of tea,three pieces of paper
注意事项:
1.不可数名词没有复数变化,不能用A,AN,但可用THE,或不用冠词,
如:bread is the usual breakfast.
2.虽然不可数名词没有复数变化,但量词超过一时要加复数。
如:three cups
of coffee, five bottles of water
3.有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数,不可数时用单数,可数时用复数,
如:ten
bags of rice---- ten baskets of eggs
名词所有格
一、表示有生命物的名词的所有格
1.单数名词词尾加’s,
复数名词如果词尾没有s,也要加’s。
the boy's bag
男孩的书包
Mike's knife
迈克的刀子
the children's room
孩子们的房间
men's room
男厕所
2.若名词已有复数词尾s,只加 ’
the students' bags
学生们的书包
the teachers' reading-room
教师阅览室
3.表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后加's。如表示各自所有,则需
在各
个名字后加's。如:
This is Tom and Jason's room.
这是汤姆和杰森共有的房间。
These are Tom's and Jason's
rooms. 这些是汤姆和杰森各自的房间。
二、.表示无生命物的名词所有格
1、如果名词是无生命的,我们就要用名词+of +名词的结构来表示所有关系。
the
windows of the house 房间的窗户
the title of the song
歌的名字
the picture of the family
家庭照片
2、在表示名词所有格时,'s结构可以转换成of结构。
the girl's
name → the name of the girl 女孩的名字
my father's friend →the friend of my
father's 我父亲的朋友
3
六年级周末英语
3、有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词,也可以加's来构成所有格。
Beijing's street
北京的街道
today's newspaper
今天的报纸
ten minutes' walk
十分钟的路程
名词练习
一圈出下列单词中的不可数名词
peach ink water zoo sister coffee knife
snow ice tea orange
rain wind car teacher
music ear cola watermelon cherry
一.
写出下列名词的复数形式
__________ __________
__________
__________ __________
__________
__________ __________
__________
__________ _________
__________
_________ _______ y_________
_________ ________ one_________
二.
填入所给名词的适当形式
1. We have three________(pen).
2. This is an __________(apple).
4
fridge jeep
六年级周末英语
3. Where
is the__________(pencil)?
4. There is a little
__________ in the bottle(juice).
5. Are you a
__________(driver)? Yes, I am.
6. There are
a few __________(watch)on the desk.
7.
Many__________(shelf)are in our school library.
8. He has some__________(ink).
9.
The__________(girl)in red is Mary.
10. How
many__________(people)are there in your family?
Three.
三. 单项选择题
( ) is __________on the
table.
A. Plate B. a plate C. plates
( )2.I can see many __________in the garden.
A. flowers B. a flower C. flowers
( )_____on the hills are all white.
A.
sheep B. sheeps C. dog
( ) new_____are
for you.
A. skirt B. shoe C. shirts
( ) clock has three______
A. legs B.
leg C. faces
( ) are not in the
same_______.
A. class B. classes C.
familys
( ) this your_____?
A. a key
B. keys C. key
( ) are having_____.
A. a class B. English class C. Chinese
class
( ) are so many _____in the hall.
A. peoples B. people C. a people
(
)_____has some nice pictures.
A. boys B.
teachers C. child
( )_____are dancing
at the party.
5
六年级周末英语
A.
woman B. women C. man
( ) _____are in
Room408.
A. student
(
B. a student
C. students
)’s that_____? She’s my mother.
A. man B. woman C. women
(
)_____are catching the thief.
A. policeman B.
policemen C. policemans
( ) are new
_____in my schoolbag.
(
)16._____jacket is it? May be it’s_____.
A.
Who’s; Toms B. What; Tom’s
( ) books are
the_____.
A. teachers’
(
B. teachers
C. teacher
C. Whose; Tom’s
) are a lot
of children in the park on_____ Day.
A.
children B. Children’s C. Childrens’
( ) it the twins’ bedroom? Yes, it is.
It’s_____ bedroom.
A. Ann and Anna’s B. Ann’s
and Anna’s C. Ann and Anna
( ) is _____dog.
A. Tom’s B. Toms C. Tom
( )21._____coats
are very pretty.
A. Jim and Tim’s B. Jim’s
and Tim’s C. Jim and Tim
( ) are going to
their _____home for dinner.
A. uncles B.
uncle C. uncle’s
( ) big room is_____.
A. the twin’s B. twins’ C. the twins’
( ) 8th is_____.
A. Woman’s Day B.
Womans’ Day C. Women’s Day
四. 阅读理解
Look at the picture on the wall. It’s a
picture of Mr. Green’s family. The old man is Jim
6
六年级周末英语
Green. He is Mr.
Green’s father. Mr. Green is a worker. His wife,
Helen Green, is a doctor. They
have two
daughters. They are Lucy and Lily. They are twins.
Lucy and Lily have a cousin, Jeff.
Jeff’s
parents love them all very much.
( ) old
man is Lucy and Lily’s__________.
A. father
B. cousin C. uncle D. grandfather
( )
Greens have two__________.
A. brothers B.
sisters C. sons
( ) has__________.
A. a friend B. a sister C. a brother
( )’s father is Lucy and Lily’s__________.
A. Uncle B. father C. brother
( )’s
mother is a __________.
A. doctor B. worker
C. teacher
7
D. daughters
D. two sisters
D.
grandfather
D. father