英语特殊名词-中英
科技特派员-关于读书的手抄报
Scenic Names
丝绸之路 The Silk
Road秦始皇陵墓 Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang
陶制兵马俑
Terracotta Warriors & Horses 故宫博物馆 The Palace
Museum
故宫（紫禁城） Imperial Palace(Forbidden City)
颐和园The Summer Palace
宫 Palace殿 Hall 亭、阁
Pavilion楼、阁 Tower水榭 Pavilion on the water池塘 Pond
太和殿 Hall of Supreme Harmony 中和殿 Hall of
Central Harmony
保和殿 Hall of Preserved Harmony
养性殿 Hall of Mental Cultivation
乾清宫 Palace of
Heavenly Purity 宁寿宫 Palace of Peace and
Longevity
长春宫 Palace of Eternal Spring
储秀宫 Palace of Preserved Elegance
大观园 Grand
View Garden 德和园 Garden of Harmonious
Virtue
拙政园 Garden of Humble Administrator
乐寿堂 Hall of Happiness and Longevity
大慈悲寺Temple of Great Mercy 慈恩寺 Temple of
Benefaction
献福寺 Temple of Offering Happiness
独秀峰 Peak of Unique Beauty
天都峰 Heavenly
Capital Peak 五老峰 Five Old Men Peak
大雁塔
Big Wild Goose Pagoda 六和塔 Pagoda of Six
Harmonies
爱晚亭 Dusk Adoring Pavilion 陶然亭
Leisure Joy Pavilion
万佛洞 Cave of 10,000
Buddhist Figures 紫云洞 Purple Cloud Cave
龙隐洞
Hidden Dragon Cave 烟霞洞 Cave of Morning Mist
and Sunset Glow
Chinese Dishes
北京烤鸭
Beijing Roast Duck 香酥鸡 Crispy Fried Chicken
醋溜子鸡 Fried Spring Chicken with Vinegar
Sauce糖醋黄鱼 Sweet and Sour Yellow
Croaker
清蒸鲑鱼 Steamed Mandarin Fish(Trout)清炖甲鱼 Braised
Turtle in Clear Soup
茄汁鱼丸 Fried Fish Balls
with Tomato Sauce 青椒肉片 Fried Sliced Pork and Green
Pepper
鱼香肉丝 Fish-flavored Shredded Pork in
Hot Sauce 鲜菇大虾Fried Prawns with Fresh
Mushrooms 荷叶粉蒸肉Steamed Flour-coated Pork
Wrapped in Lotus leaves
煨牛肉 Simmered Beef涮羊肉
Instant Boiled Mutton五香牛肉 Spiced Beef
葫芦鸡
Roasted Whole Chicken红烧狮子头 Stewed Meatballs with
Gravy
松鼠黄鱼 Sweet and Sour Fried Yellow
Croaker in Squirrel Shape
芙蓉虾仁 Shrimp with
Steamed Egg White麻婆豆腐 Spicy Bean-curd in Sichuan
Style
八宝糕 Eight-treasure Pudding什锦炒饭 Fried
Rice with Ten Ingredients
炸酱面 Noodles in
Beijing Style扬州炒饭 Fried Rice in Yangzhou Style
凉面 Cold Noodle with Sesame Sauce饺子
Dumpling
元宵 Sweet Dumpling 馄饨
Dumpling Soup
油条 Deep Fried Dough Sticks
花卷 Steam Roll
锅贴 Fried Dumpling
包子 Steamed Stuffed Bun
窝窝头 Steamed
Corn Bread 烧饼 Sesame Seed Cake
International Organizations
UN 联合国
NATO 北大西洋公约组织 EU 欧盟 APEC 亚太经贸合作组织
CIS
独联体 OPEC 欧佩克石油输出国家组织
Western European
Countries
Switzerland 瑞士Netherlands 荷兰Monaco
摩纳哥United Kingdoms 英国
Belgium 比利时
Eastern European
Serbia
塞尔维亚Poland 波兰Montenegro 黑山共和国
Belarus
白俄罗斯Czech Republic 捷克Lithuania立陶宛
African
Countries
Mozambique
莫桑比克Cameroon喀麦隆Ethiopia埃塞俄比亚Rwanda卢旺达
Mauritius 毛里求斯 Somalia 索马里
Asian
Countries
Korea 韩国 Myanmar缅甸Bangladesh
孟加拉Nepal尼泊尔Bhutan 不丹Indonesia 印
尼
Mid-
Eastern Countries
Afghanistan 阿富汗 Iran 伊朗
Lebanon 黎巴嫩 Pakistan 巴基斯坦
Qatar 卡塔尔
Singapore 新加坡
Latin American Countries
Bolivia 玻利维亚 Chile 智利 Cuba
古巴Honduras 洪都拉斯 Nicaragua
尼加拉瓜 Peru 秘鲁
World’s Major Cities
旧金山 San Francisco
西雅图 Seattle 纽奥良 New Orleans 匹兹堡 Pittsburgh
底
特律 Detroit 巴蒂摩尔 Baltimore 克利夫兰 Cleveland
墨西哥市 Mexico City 里
约热内卢 Rio de Janeiro 渥太华
Ottawa 温哥华 Vancouver 悉尼 Sydney 开罗 Cairo
开普敦
Cape town 雅典 Athens 贝尔格莱德 Belgrade 布达佩斯
Budapest 布
拉格 Prague 维也纳 Vienna 日内瓦
Geneva 里斯本 Lisbon 马德里 Madrid
米兰 Milan
马赛 Marseille 巴黎 Paris 利物浦Liverpool
爱丁堡Edinburgh 布
鲁塞尔Brussels 海牙Hague 华沙Warsaw
汉堡Hamburg 波恩Bonn 莫斯科
Moscow 列宁格勒Leningrad
安哥拉Ankara 耶路撒冷Jerusalem 麦加Mecca
加
尔各答Calcutta 新德里New Delhi 孟买Bombay
雅加达Djakarta 仰光Rangoon
西贡Saigon 河内Hanoi
海防Haiphong 曼谷Bangkok 东京Tokyo 横滨Yokohama
大阪Osaka 神户Kobe 札幌Sapporo 名古屋Nagoya
京都Kyoto 汉城（首尔）Seoul
平壤Pyongyang 澳门Macao
拉萨Lhasa 齐齐哈尔Qiqihar 呼和浩特
Hohhot(Huhehot)
Diseases
Anemia, anaemia贫血
appendicitis阑尾炎 arthritis关节炎 bronchitis支气管炎
chicken pox 水痘 diabetes糖尿病 diphtheria白喉
eczema湿疹 epilepsy癫痫
gangrene坏疽 German
measles, rubella风疹 leukemia白血病 measles麻疹
migraine headache偏头痛 myocardial
infarction心肌梗塞 mumps流行性腮腺炎
neurasthenia神经衰弱 pharyngitis咽炎 rabies狂犬病
rheumatism风湿病 scabies,
itch疥疮 scarlet
fever猩红热 sciatica坐骨神经痛 sclerosis硬化
syphilis梅毒
tetanus破伤风 thrombosis血栓形成
tuberculosis结核病 typhus斑疹伤寒
whooping
cough百日咳 prostate cancer前列腺癌 ulcer溃疡 venereal
disease性病
stroke中风 osteoporosis骨质疏松症
astigmatism散光
•
•
十几个 = Over a dozen
几十个 = Tens, Dozens of 几万个 = Tens of
thousands
几十万 = Hundreds of thousands
几千万 = Tens of millions 几万万 =
Hundreds of
millions
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
几亿万 = Billions and
billions
A is N times as large as B = A 是 B
的 N 倍
A is N times larger than B = A 比 B 大
N-1 倍
A has increased by N times = A 增长了 N-1
倍
Examples:
人口增加了一倍半 = Increased by 2.5
times
人口增加了一倍半 = Net increased of 1.5 times
中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist
Party of China
中央政治局Political Bureau of the
Central Committee of the CPC
中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political
Bureau of the CPC
中央书记处Secretariat of the
Central Committee of the CPC
中央军事委员会Central
Military Commission of the CPC
中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline
Inspection of the CPC
中央办公厅General Office,
CCCPC
中央组织部 Organization Department, CCCPC
中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC
中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC
中央对外联络部 International Liaison Department,
CCCPC
中央政法委员会Committee of Political and
Legislative Affairs, CCCPC
全国人民代表大会National
People's Congress
全国人大代表deputy to the
National People's Congress
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the
Chinese People's Political
Consultative
Conference (CPPCC)
中国政协委员 member of the
National Committee of CPPCC
国务院总理Premier,
State Council 国务委员 State Councilor （国务院各部）部长
Minster
司长 Director 局长 director
省长Governor 常务副省长Executive Vice Governor
(副)市长(vice)mayor
区长Chief Executive,
District Govt 县长Chief Executive, Country Govt
乡镇长CE，
Township Govt
秘书长secretary-general
办公厅主任director, general office (部委办)Director
处长
Division Chief
科长Section Chief
科员clerkofficer
国务院 State Council
总理Premier 副总理 Vice—Premier 国务委员 State
Councillor
秘书长 Secretary—General
副秘书长 Deputy Secretary—General
(1)
国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the
State Council
外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs
国防部Ministry of National Defence
国家发展计划委员State
Development Planning Commission
国家经济贸易委员会State
Economic and Trade Commission
教育部Ministry of
Education 科学技术部Ministry of Science and
Technology
国家科学技术工业委员会
Commission of
Science, Technology and Industry for National
Defence
国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic
Affairs Commission公安部 Ministry of Public Security
国家安全部 Ministry of State Security监察部 Ministry
of Supervision
民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs
司法部 Ministry of Justice
财政部 Ministry of
Finance 人事部 Ministry of Personnel
劳动和社会保障部 Ministry of Labour and Social
Security
国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources
建设部Ministry of Construction
铁路部 Ministry of
Railways 交通部 Ministry of Communications
信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry
水利部Ministry of Water Resources
农业部Ministry of
Agriculture
对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade
and Economic Cooperation
文化部Ministry of
Culture 卫生部Ministry of Public Health
国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission
中国人民银行People’s Bank of China 国家审计署State
Auditing Administration
部委管理的国家局State Bureaux
Administration by Ministration or Commission)
国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会)
State Bureau of Grain
Reserve (Under the State Development Planning
Commission)
国家国内贸易局 State Bureau of Internal
Trade
局 State Bureau of Coal Industry
国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine Building
Industry
国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical
Industry
国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum
and Chemical Industry
国家轻工业局State Bureau of
Light Industry国家纺织
State Bureau of Textile
Industry
国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building
Materials Industry
国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco
Monopoly Bureau
工业局
国家煤炭工业
国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of
Nonferrous Metal Industry
(以上由国家经贸委管理above are
all under the State Economic and Trade Commission)
国家外国专家局(人事部)
State Bureau of Foreign
Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)
国家海洋局(国土资源部)
State Bureau of Oceanic
Administration (under the Ministry of Land and
Resources)
国家测绘局(国土资源部) State Bureau of
Surveying and Mapping (ditto)
国家邮政局(信息产业部)
State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of
Information Industry)
国家文物局(文化部) State
Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of
Culture)
国家中医药管理局(卫生部)
State
Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine
(under the Ministry of Public Health)
国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行)
State Administration of
Foreign Exchange (under the People’s Bank of
China)
国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署)
State
Administration for EntryExit Inspection and
Quarantine (under the General Administ
ration
of Customs)
各部（委、办、局）内职务名称 Positions Of
Departments，Offices，Bureaux Of
Ministries
／Commjssions
办公厅主任
Director—General Of The General Office 副主任
Deputy
Director—General
局长 Director—General Of A Bureau 副局长
Deputy Director—General
厅长
Director—General Of A Department 副厅长 Deputy
Director—General
司长 Director—General Of
A Department副司长 Deputy Director—General
处长 Director Of A Division
副处长 Deputy Director
科长 Section Chief
副科长 Deputy Section Chief
主任科员 Principal
Staff Member 副主任科员 Senior Staff Member
巡视员 Counsel 助理巡视员 Assistant
Counsel
调研员 Consultant 助理调研员
Asstant Consultant
科员 Staff Member
办事员 Clerk
1国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly
under the State Council
新华通讯社Xinhua News
Agency 中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences
中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering
国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the
State Council
国家行政学院National School of
Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau
中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau
中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory
Commission (CSRS)
(3) 国务院直属机构Departments
Directly under the State Council
海关总署General
Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation
Administration
国家环境保护总局State Environmental
Protection Administration
中国民用航空总局Civil
Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)
国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film
and Television
国家体育总局State Physical Cultural
Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau
国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and
Commerce
新闻出版署Press and Publication
Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau
国家林业局State Forestry Bureau
国家质量技术监督局State
Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)
国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office
(SIPO)
国家旅游局National Tourism
Administration
State Bureau of Religious
Affairs
国家宗教事务局
国务院参事室Counsellors’ Office
of the State Council
国务院机关事务管理局Government
Offices Administration of the State Council
一
最高人民法院 Supreme People’S Cout
院长
President 副院长 Vice—President
审判委员会委员 Member Of The Judicial Committee
审判员 Judge
助理审判员 Assistant Judge
书记员 Clerk 监狱长 Warden总警监 Commissioner
General
警监 Commissioner警督 Supervisor警司
Superintendent警员 Constable
二、最高人民检察院
长
Procurator—General
Supreme People’S
Procuratorate 检察
副检察长 Deputy
Procurator—General 检察委员会委员 Member Of The
Procuratorial Committee 检察员
Procurator 助理检察员 Assistant
Procurator
中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名
中共中央总书记
General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee
政治局常委
Member, Standing Committee of
Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee
政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC
Central Committee 书记处书
记 Member, secretariat of
the CPC Central Committee 中央委
员 Member, Central
Committee 候补委员 Alternate Member …省委市委书
记
Secretary,…ProvincialMunicipal Committee of the
CPC
党组书记 secretary, Party Leadership Group
中华人民共和国主席副主
席 PresidentVice President, the
People's Republic of China 全国人大委员长副委员
长
ChairmanVice Chairman, National People's Congress
秘书长 Secretary-General 主任委
员 Chairman 委员 Member
（地方人大）主任 Chairman, Local People's Congress
人大代表 Deputy to the People's Congress 国务院总理
Premier, State Council
国务委员 State Councilor
秘书长 Secretary-General
（国务院各委员会）主任 Minister in
Charge of Commission for （国务院各部）部
长 Minister
部长助理 Assistant Minister 司长 Director 局长 Director 省长
Governor 常
务副省长 Executive Vice Governor
自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional
People's Government
地区专员 Commissioner,
prefecture 香港特别行政区
官
长
行政长
市
县
Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region 市长副
MayorVice Mayor 区长 Chief Executive,
District Government
长 Chief Executive, County
Government
乡镇长 Chief Executive, Township
Government 秘书长 Secretary-General
办公厅主任
Director, General Office （部委办）主任 Director
处长副处长 Division ChiefDeputy Division Chief 科长股长
Section Chief 科
员 ClerkOfficer 发言人 Spokesman 顾问
Adviser 参事 Counselor 巡视
员 InspectorMonitor 特派员
Commissioner
1中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会 National
Committee Of The Chinese People’S Political
Con-Sultative Conference（CPPCC） 主席 Chairman
副主席 Vice—Chairman 秘书
长
Secretary—General
常务委员 Member Of The
Standing Committee 政协全国委员会…委员
会
...Committee Of The National Committee Of The
CPPCC 主任委
员 Chairman 副主任委员
Vice—Chairman 委员 Member
2《中国人民政治协商会议及其机构》
The Chinese People’s
Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Its
Structure
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of
the CPPCC
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常
Standing
Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC
中国人民政治协商会议全国委
General Offices of the CPPCC
National Committee
员
务
会
委
办
员
公
会
厅
专门委员会Special
Committee提案委员会Committee for Handling
Proposals经济委员会
Committee for Economic
Affairs人口资源环境委
Committee of Population,
Resources and Environment
教科文卫体委员会Committee of
Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports
社会和法制委员会Committee for Social and Legal Affairs
民族和宗教委员会Committee for Ethnic and Religious
Affairs
文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and
Historical Data
港澳台侨委员
Committee for
Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Overseas
Chinese
CPPCC Local Committees
领略了当代科技发展的前沿成就。given me a taste of cutting-
edge technology.
Queen’s English标准英语 black
sheep败家子害群之马 lame duck快失势的人 at the
eleventh
hour最后时刻 Wet paint! 油漆未干！ Justice has long
arms法网恢恢，疏而不
漏 Will a duck swim? 当然喽、还用说吗！cash
crops经济作物 chain debt三角债务
money oriented
grabbing mad first向钱看 ordersubscribeoffer to
buy认购 civic
virtuemoral fibernational
soul精神文明 be in line with international
standards与国际接轨
crudecoarsevulgar素质差 the three
exchanges in三通 a far cry from相差甚远 to face
the music面对责备 to spill the beans说漏嘴 to beat
around the bush转弯抹角 to hold
your horses且慢、别冲动
to cut corners抄近路、偷工减料 once in a blue
moon极少的
机会 to see eye to eye眼光一致 to call a
spade a spade实话实说 clean as a whistle极干净
driven to the wall逼入穷巷 to get to the bottom
of it打破砂锅问到底 hang loose放松
head over
heels无法自拔 I smell a rat感到不妙、有鬼 in a nick of
time及时 it’s all
Greek to me一窍不通 at the tip
of tongue话到嘴边 make ends meet收支相抵 over the
hill上岁数的、走下坡路 play it by ear随机应变 rain or
shine福祸 roll with the punches
逆来顺受 spic and
span干净 live and let live互相容忍 the real McCoy正牌货
through thick and thin同甘共苦 to tie the knot结婚
up for grabs供人竞争
周恩来是中华民族优秀传统的继承者，他的品德、人格，风范、
情怀为中华民族树立了一
座精神丰碑。
Zhou En Lai exemplifies
China’s fine traditions. His character, virtue,
personality and noble
sentiments stand as a
monument to the Chinese nation.
中国正在发生着日新月异的变化China is undergoing rapid
changes with each passing day.
To paint the
lily画蛇添足 to aim at the moon好高骛远 penny wise,
pound foolish捡了芝
麻，对了西瓜 as timid as a hare胆小如鼠
a blessing in disguise塞翁失马 a green
thought不成熟的想法
这就是黄河，诗人李白所吟诵的
“君不见黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回” 的有如万马
奔腾、一去不复回的黄河！This is
the Yellow River, the same river described by our
famous
poet Li Po as galloping and charging to
the sea, only never to return.
There is no
month in the whole year, in which nature wears a
more beautiful appearance
than in the month of
August. 一年之中，大自然的美莫过于八月。
She is a sociology
professor with an English accent that would
impress a duchess. 她是一位
社会学教授，说的一口极其纯正的英语。
The Asian tigers’ economies have hit the wall.
亚洲四小龙的经济已走入困境
员会
会
外事委员会Committee of Foreign
Affairs中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会
Scenic Names
丝绸之路 The Silk Road秦始皇陵墓
Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang
陶制兵马俑 Terracotta
Warriors & Horses 故宫博物馆 The Palace Museum
故宫（紫禁城） Imperial Palace(Forbidden City) 颐和园The
Summer Palace
宫 Palace殿 Hall 亭、阁 Pavilion楼、阁
Tower水榭 Pavilion on the water池塘 Pond
太和殿
Hall of Supreme Harmony 中和殿 Hall of Central
Harmony
保和殿 Hall of Preserved Harmony 养性殿
Hall of Mental Cultivation
乾清宫 Palace of
Heavenly Purity 宁寿宫 Palace of Peace and
Longevity
长春宫 Palace of Eternal Spring
储秀宫 Palace of Preserved Elegance
大观园 Grand
View Garden 德和园 Garden of Harmonious
Virtue
拙政园 Garden of Humble Administrator
乐寿堂 Hall of Happiness and Longevity
大慈悲寺Temple of Great Mercy 慈恩寺 Temple of
Benefaction
献福寺 Temple of Offering Happiness
独秀峰 Peak of Unique Beauty
天都峰 Heavenly
Capital Peak 五老峰 Five Old Men Peak
大雁塔
Big Wild Goose Pagoda 六和塔 Pagoda of Six
Harmonies
爱晚亭 Dusk Adoring Pavilion 陶然亭
Leisure Joy Pavilion
万佛洞 Cave of 10,000
Buddhist Figures 紫云洞 Purple Cloud Cave
龙隐洞
Hidden Dragon Cave 烟霞洞 Cave of Morning Mist
and Sunset Glow
Chinese Dishes
北京烤鸭
Beijing Roast Duck 香酥鸡 Crispy Fried Chicken
醋溜子鸡 Fried Spring Chicken with Vinegar
Sauce糖醋黄鱼 Sweet and Sour Yellow
Croaker
清蒸鲑鱼 Steamed Mandarin Fish(Trout)清炖甲鱼 Braised
Turtle in Clear Soup
茄汁鱼丸 Fried Fish Balls
with Tomato Sauce 青椒肉片 Fried Sliced Pork and Green
Pepper
鱼香肉丝 Fish-flavored Shredded Pork in
Hot Sauce 鲜菇大虾Fried Prawns with Fresh
Mushrooms 荷叶粉蒸肉Steamed Flour-coated Pork
Wrapped in Lotus leaves
煨牛肉 Simmered Beef涮羊肉
Instant Boiled Mutton五香牛肉 Spiced Beef
葫芦鸡
Roasted Whole Chicken红烧狮子头 Stewed Meatballs with
Gravy
松鼠黄鱼 Sweet and Sour Fried Yellow
Croaker in Squirrel Shape
芙蓉虾仁 Shrimp with
Steamed Egg White麻婆豆腐 Spicy Bean-curd in Sichuan
Style
八宝糕 Eight-treasure Pudding什锦炒饭 Fried
Rice with Ten Ingredients
炸酱面 Noodles in
Beijing Style扬州炒饭 Fried Rice in Yangzhou Style
凉面 Cold Noodle with Sesame Sauce饺子
Dumpling
元宵 Sweet Dumpling 馄饨
Dumpling Soup
油条 Deep Fried Dough Sticks
花卷 Steam Roll
锅贴 Fried Dumpling
包子 Steamed Stuffed Bun
窝窝头 Steamed
Corn Bread 烧饼 Sesame Seed Cake
International Organizations
UN 联合国
NATO 北大西洋公约组织 EU 欧盟 APEC 亚太经贸合作组织
CIS
独联体 OPEC 欧佩克石油输出国家组织
Western European
Countries
Switzerland 瑞士Netherlands 荷兰Monaco
摩纳哥United Kingdoms 英国
Belgium 比利时
Eastern European
Serbia
塞尔维亚Poland 波兰Montenegro 黑山共和国
Belarus
白俄罗斯Czech Republic 捷克Lithuania立陶宛
African
Countries
Mozambique
莫桑比克Cameroon喀麦隆Ethiopia埃塞俄比亚Rwanda卢旺达
Mauritius 毛里求斯 Somalia 索马里
Asian
Countries
Korea 韩国 Myanmar缅甸Bangladesh
孟加拉Nepal尼泊尔Bhutan 不丹Indonesia 印
尼
Mid-
Eastern Countries
Afghanistan 阿富汗 Iran 伊朗
Lebanon 黎巴嫩 Pakistan 巴基斯坦
Qatar 卡塔尔
Singapore 新加坡
Latin American Countries
Bolivia 玻利维亚 Chile 智利 Cuba
古巴Honduras 洪都拉斯 Nicaragua
尼加拉瓜 Peru 秘鲁
World’s Major Cities
旧金山 San Francisco
西雅图 Seattle 纽奥良 New Orleans 匹兹堡 Pittsburgh
底
特律 Detroit 巴蒂摩尔 Baltimore 克利夫兰 Cleveland
墨西哥市 Mexico City 里
约热内卢 Rio de Janeiro 渥太华
Ottawa 温哥华 Vancouver 悉尼 Sydney 开罗 Cairo
开普敦
Cape town 雅典 Athens 贝尔格莱德 Belgrade 布达佩斯
Budapest 布
拉格 Prague 维也纳 Vienna 日内瓦
Geneva 里斯本 Lisbon 马德里 Madrid
米兰 Milan
马赛 Marseille 巴黎 Paris 利物浦Liverpool
爱丁堡Edinburgh 布
鲁塞尔Brussels 海牙Hague 华沙Warsaw
汉堡Hamburg 波恩Bonn 莫斯科
Moscow 列宁格勒Leningrad
安哥拉Ankara 耶路撒冷Jerusalem 麦加Mecca
加
尔各答Calcutta 新德里New Delhi 孟买Bombay
雅加达Djakarta 仰光Rangoon
西贡Saigon 河内Hanoi
海防Haiphong 曼谷Bangkok 东京Tokyo 横滨Yokohama
大阪Osaka 神户Kobe 札幌Sapporo 名古屋Nagoya
京都Kyoto 汉城（首尔）Seoul
平壤Pyongyang 澳门Macao
拉萨Lhasa 齐齐哈尔Qiqihar 呼和浩特
Hohhot(Huhehot)
Diseases
Anemia, anaemia贫血
appendicitis阑尾炎 arthritis关节炎 bronchitis支气管炎
chicken pox 水痘 diabetes糖尿病 diphtheria白喉
eczema湿疹 epilepsy癫痫
gangrene坏疽 German
measles, rubella风疹 leukemia白血病 measles麻疹
migraine headache偏头痛 myocardial
infarction心肌梗塞 mumps流行性腮腺炎
neurasthenia神经衰弱 pharyngitis咽炎 rabies狂犬病
rheumatism风湿病 scabies,
itch疥疮 scarlet
fever猩红热 sciatica坐骨神经痛 sclerosis硬化
syphilis梅毒
tetanus破伤风 thrombosis血栓形成
tuberculosis结核病 typhus斑疹伤寒
whooping
cough百日咳 prostate cancer前列腺癌 ulcer溃疡 venereal
disease性病
stroke中风 osteoporosis骨质疏松症
astigmatism散光
•
•
十几个 = Over a dozen
几十个 = Tens, Dozens of 几万个 = Tens of
thousands
几十万 = Hundreds of thousands
几千万 = Tens of millions 几万万 =
Hundreds of
millions
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
几亿万 = Billions and
billions
A is N times as large as B = A 是 B
的 N 倍
A is N times larger than B = A 比 B 大
N-1 倍
A has increased by N times = A 增长了 N-1
倍
Examples:
人口增加了一倍半 = Increased by 2.5
times
人口增加了一倍半 = Net increased of 1.5 times
中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist
Party of China
中央政治局Political Bureau of the
Central Committee of the CPC
中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political
Bureau of the CPC
中央书记处Secretariat of the
Central Committee of the CPC
中央军事委员会Central
Military Commission of the CPC
中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline
Inspection of the CPC
中央办公厅General Office,
CCCPC
中央组织部 Organization Department, CCCPC
中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC
中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC
中央对外联络部 International Liaison Department,
CCCPC
中央政法委员会Committee of Political and
Legislative Affairs, CCCPC
全国人民代表大会National
People's Congress
全国人大代表deputy to the
National People's Congress
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the
Chinese People's Political
Consultative
Conference (CPPCC)
中国政协委员 member of the
National Committee of CPPCC
国务院总理Premier,
State Council 国务委员 State Councilor （国务院各部）部长
Minster
司长 Director 局长 director
省长Governor 常务副省长Executive Vice Governor
(副)市长(vice)mayor
区长Chief Executive,
District Govt 县长Chief Executive, Country Govt
乡镇长CE，
Township Govt
秘书长secretary-general
办公厅主任director, general office (部委办)Director
处长
Division Chief
科长Section Chief
科员clerkofficer
国务院 State Council
总理Premier 副总理 Vice—Premier 国务委员 State
Councillor
秘书长 Secretary—General
副秘书长 Deputy Secretary—General
(1)
国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the
State Council
外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs
国防部Ministry of National Defence
国家发展计划委员State
Development Planning Commission
国家经济贸易委员会State
Economic and Trade Commission
教育部Ministry of
Education 科学技术部Ministry of Science and
Technology
国家科学技术工业委员会
Commission of
Science, Technology and Industry for National
Defence
国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic
Affairs Commission公安部 Ministry of Public Security
国家安全部 Ministry of State Security监察部 Ministry
of Supervision
民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs
司法部 Ministry of Justice
财政部 Ministry of
Finance 人事部 Ministry of Personnel
劳动和社会保障部 Ministry of Labour and Social
Security
国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources
建设部Ministry of Construction
铁路部 Ministry of
Railways 交通部 Ministry of Communications
信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry
水利部Ministry of Water Resources
农业部Ministry of
Agriculture
对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade
and Economic Cooperation
文化部Ministry of
Culture 卫生部Ministry of Public Health
国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission
中国人民银行People’s Bank of China 国家审计署State
Auditing Administration
部委管理的国家局State Bureaux
Administration by Ministration or Commission)
国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会)
State Bureau of Grain
Reserve (Under the State Development Planning
Commission)
国家国内贸易局 State Bureau of Internal
Trade
局 State Bureau of Coal Industry
国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine Building
Industry
国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical
Industry
国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum
and Chemical Industry
国家轻工业局State Bureau of
Light Industry国家纺织
State Bureau of Textile
Industry
国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building
Materials Industry
国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco
Monopoly Bureau
工业局
国家煤炭工业
国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of
Nonferrous Metal Industry
(以上由国家经贸委管理above are
all under the State Economic and Trade Commission)
国家外国专家局(人事部)
State Bureau of Foreign
Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)
国家海洋局(国土资源部)
State Bureau of Oceanic
Administration (under the Ministry of Land and
Resources)
国家测绘局(国土资源部) State Bureau of
Surveying and Mapping (ditto)
国家邮政局(信息产业部)
State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of
Information Industry)
国家文物局(文化部) State
Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of
Culture)
国家中医药管理局(卫生部)
State
Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine
(under the Ministry of Public Health)
国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行)
State Administration of
Foreign Exchange (under the People’s Bank of
China)
国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署)
State
Administration for EntryExit Inspection and
Quarantine (under the General Administ
ration
of Customs)
各部（委、办、局）内职务名称 Positions Of
Departments，Offices，Bureaux Of
Ministries
／Commjssions
办公厅主任
Director—General Of The General Office 副主任
Deputy
Director—General
局长 Director—General Of A Bureau 副局长
Deputy Director—General
厅长
Director—General Of A Department 副厅长 Deputy
Director—General
司长 Director—General Of
A Department副司长 Deputy Director—General
处长 Director Of A Division
副处长 Deputy Director
科长 Section Chief
副科长 Deputy Section Chief
主任科员 Principal
Staff Member 副主任科员 Senior Staff Member
巡视员 Counsel 助理巡视员 Assistant
Counsel
调研员 Consultant 助理调研员
Asstant Consultant
科员 Staff Member
办事员 Clerk
1国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly
under the State Council
新华通讯社Xinhua News
Agency 中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences
中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering
国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the
State Council
国家行政学院National School of
Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau
中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau
中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory
Commission (CSRS)
(3) 国务院直属机构Departments
Directly under the State Council
海关总署General
Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation
Administration
国家环境保护总局State Environmental
Protection Administration
中国民用航空总局Civil
Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)
国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film
and Television
国家体育总局State Physical Cultural
Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau
国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and
Commerce
新闻出版署Press and Publication
Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau
国家林业局State Forestry Bureau
国家质量技术监督局State
Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)
国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office
(SIPO)
国家旅游局National Tourism
Administration
State Bureau of Religious
Affairs
国家宗教事务局
国务院参事室Counsellors’ Office
of the State Council
国务院机关事务管理局Government
Offices Administration of the State Council
一
最高人民法院 Supreme People’S Cout
院长
President 副院长 Vice—President
审判委员会委员 Member Of The Judicial Committee
审判员 Judge
助理审判员 Assistant Judge
书记员 Clerk 监狱长 Warden总警监 Commissioner
General
警监 Commissioner警督 Supervisor警司
Superintendent警员 Constable
二、最高人民检察院
长
Procurator—General
Supreme People’S
Procuratorate 检察
副检察长 Deputy
Procurator—General 检察委员会委员 Member Of The
Procuratorial Committee 检察员
Procurator 助理检察员 Assistant
Procurator
中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名
中共中央总书记
General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee
政治局常委
Member, Standing Committee of
Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee
政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC
Central Committee 书记处书
记 Member, secretariat of
the CPC Central Committee 中央委
员 Member, Central
Committee 候补委员 Alternate Member …省委市委书
记
Secretary,…ProvincialMunicipal Committee of the
CPC
党组书记 secretary, Party Leadership Group
中华人民共和国主席副主
席 PresidentVice President, the
People's Republic of China 全国人大委员长副委员
长
ChairmanVice Chairman, National People's Congress
秘书长 Secretary-General 主任委
员 Chairman 委员 Member
（地方人大）主任 Chairman, Local People's Congress
人大代表 Deputy to the People's Congress 国务院总理
Premier, State Council
国务委员 State Councilor
秘书长 Secretary-General
（国务院各委员会）主任 Minister in
Charge of Commission for （国务院各部）部
长 Minister
部长助理 Assistant Minister 司长 Director 局长 Director 省长
Governor 常
务副省长 Executive Vice Governor
自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional
People's Government
地区专员 Commissioner,
prefecture 香港特别行政区
官
长
行政长
市
县
Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region 市长副
MayorVice Mayor 区长 Chief Executive,
District Government
长 Chief Executive, County
Government
乡镇长 Chief Executive, Township
Government 秘书长 Secretary-General
办公厅主任
Director, General Office （部委办）主任 Director
处长副处长 Division ChiefDeputy Division Chief 科长股长
Section Chief 科
员 ClerkOfficer 发言人 Spokesman 顾问
Adviser 参事 Counselor 巡视
员 InspectorMonitor 特派员
Commissioner
1中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会 National
Committee Of The Chinese People’S Political
Con-Sultative Conference（CPPCC） 主席 Chairman
副主席 Vice—Chairman 秘书
长
Secretary—General
常务委员 Member Of The
Standing Committee 政协全国委员会…委员
会
...Committee Of The National Committee Of The
CPPCC 主任委
员 Chairman 副主任委员
Vice—Chairman 委员 Member
2《中国人民政治协商会议及其机构》
The Chinese People’s
Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Its
Structure
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of
the CPPCC
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常
Standing
Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC
中国人民政治协商会议全国委
General Offices of the CPPCC
National Committee
员
务
会
委
办
员
公
会
厅
专门委员会Special
Committee提案委员会Committee for Handling
Proposals经济委员会
Committee for Economic
Affairs人口资源环境委
Committee of Population,
Resources and Environment
教科文卫体委员会Committee of
Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports
社会和法制委员会Committee for Social and Legal Affairs
民族和宗教委员会Committee for Ethnic and Religious
Affairs
文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and
Historical Data
港澳台侨委员
Committee for
Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Overseas
Chinese
CPPCC Local Committees
领略了当代科技发展的前沿成就。given me a taste of cutting-
edge technology.
Queen’s English标准英语 black
sheep败家子害群之马 lame duck快失势的人 at the
eleventh
hour最后时刻 Wet paint! 油漆未干！ Justice has long
arms法网恢恢，疏而不
漏 Will a duck swim? 当然喽、还用说吗！cash
crops经济作物 chain debt三角债务
money oriented
grabbing mad first向钱看 ordersubscribeoffer to
buy认购 civic
virtuemoral fibernational
soul精神文明 be in line with international
standards与国际接轨
crudecoarsevulgar素质差 the three
exchanges in三通 a far cry from相差甚远 to face
the music面对责备 to spill the beans说漏嘴 to beat
around the bush转弯抹角 to hold
your horses且慢、别冲动
to cut corners抄近路、偷工减料 once in a blue
moon极少的
机会 to see eye to eye眼光一致 to call a
spade a spade实话实说 clean as a whistle极干净
driven to the wall逼入穷巷 to get to the bottom
of it打破砂锅问到底 hang loose放松
head over
heels无法自拔 I smell a rat感到不妙、有鬼 in a nick of
time及时 it’s all
Greek to me一窍不通 at the tip
of tongue话到嘴边 make ends meet收支相抵 over the
hill上岁数的、走下坡路 play it by ear随机应变 rain or
shine福祸 roll with the punches
逆来顺受 spic and
span干净 live and let live互相容忍 the real McCoy正牌货
through thick and thin同甘共苦 to tie the knot结婚
up for grabs供人竞争
周恩来是中华民族优秀传统的继承者，他的品德、人格，风范、
情怀为中华民族树立了一
座精神丰碑。
Zhou En Lai exemplifies
China’s fine traditions. His character, virtue,
personality and noble
sentiments stand as a
monument to the Chinese nation.
中国正在发生着日新月异的变化China is undergoing rapid
changes with each passing day.
To paint the
lily画蛇添足 to aim at the moon好高骛远 penny wise,
pound foolish捡了芝
麻，对了西瓜 as timid as a hare胆小如鼠
a blessing in disguise塞翁失马 a green
thought不成熟的想法
这就是黄河，诗人李白所吟诵的
“君不见黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回” 的有如万马
奔腾、一去不复回的黄河！This is
the Yellow River, the same river described by our
famous
poet Li Po as galloping and charging to
the sea, only never to return.
There is no
month in the whole year, in which nature wears a
more beautiful appearance
than in the month of
August. 一年之中，大自然的美莫过于八月。
She is a sociology
professor with an English accent that would
impress a duchess. 她是一位
社会学教授，说的一口极其纯正的英语。
The Asian tigers’ economies have hit the wall.
亚洲四小龙的经济已走入困境
员会
会
外事委员会Committee of Foreign
Affairs中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会