经天纬地曰文-犁庭扫穴

10大功能段落
第一段：[1.现象/现状说明段] [2.图画/图表描述段]
第二段：[3.对立观点陈诉段]（四，六级多用） [4.利弊说明段] [5.意义阐述段] [6.原因列举段] [7.举例段]
第三段：[8.归纳结论段] [9.趋势预测段] [10建议措施段]
图画作文
1. 关于爱心 （01年真题） Love is a lamp
[1.现象/现状说明段] Love is of utmost importance to us humans. Everybody not only needs love, but also should give others love. As can be seen from the picture, "love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places.” This is indeed true. People in darker places need more light than other people. Maybe even a dim light can give them much hope for a better life. Maybe just a thread of light will call forth their strength and courage to help them step out of their difficulties.
[7.举例段] I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the following example(s).For instance when someone is starving to death, just a little food and water from you may save his (her) life. Again, when a little girl in a poor rural area drops out of school because of poverty, just a small sum of money from you may support her to finish school and change her life. In these case/circumstances you have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.
[8.归纳结论段] To sum up, we should offer our help to all the needed. We expect to get love from others and we also give love to others. So when you see someone in difficulty or in distress and in need of help, don't hesitate to give your love to him (her). I believe that the relationship between people will be harmonious and that our society will be a better place for us to live in.
2. 空气污染(隐形杀手)
[2.图画/图表描述段] Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world. As is shown in the cartoon, two cars are giving off waste gas and three people are trying to avoid breathing in the poisonous gas by masking their face with their hands. The poisonous gas sent off by factories, domestic appliances and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe.
[5.意义阐述段] There is no denying that automobiles are indications of civilization, progress and development; Nevertheless, automobiles cause the serious problem of air pollution. Scientists have warned that unless effective measures are taken, the problem of pollution will eventually get out of hand. Actually, people are showing a real concern over the problem. For example, there is an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm action against pollution from automobiles.
[10建议措施段]Indeed, the earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our descendants. In my opinion, we should work out concrete solutions to the problem of pollution from poisonous gas given off by automobiles. For example, the automobiles should be equipped with a device which can dispose of wa
ste gas so as to prevent it from polluting air. Only in this way can we really solve the problem of air pollution caused by automobiles.
大作文模板一：图画作文
This illustration depicts_________ (图画中的人物)Ving, with______________(补充说明). Recently it has become common for people in many walks of life to_____________(进一步阐释)
It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about _______(图画主题), which is ______________(进一步的说明). He seems to be saying that_______________(给出细节). In my opinion, ___________(个人阐述).
This simple picture is a wake up call for ______(所涉群体，如the whole of the human race). Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to put an end to _____________(问题所在). One the one hand, we must _________________(建议一). It is clear that the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _________(进一步说明). On the other hand, ________________(建议二) Only in this way can we___________(展望前景).
模板二：图表作文
The chart gives us an overall picture of the ____________(图表主题). The first thing we notice is that_______________(图表最大特点). This means that as __________, _________________(进一步说明).
We can see from the statistics given that _______________(图表细节一). After ving_________(细节一中的第一个变化), the _____Ved+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化). The figures also tells us that_________________________(图表细节二). (数据位置，如In the second column), we can see that ____________accounts for _______(进一步描述).
Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that___________(结论). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that_____________(给出原因). / It is high time that we Ved(发出倡议)
模板三：利弊型作文
Recently the issue of whether or not______(讨论话题) has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public. There are two major arguments that can be made for_________. For one thing, __________can bring ____ to_____________(优点一). For another, it is widely hold that people usually ____when ________________________________(优点二).
But we must not lose sight of the fact that there are also drawbacks to__________, among which are ____________(列举缺点). For instance, it can be __________to _____________(举例说明). In addition, many people find it ________(形容词)to _______________(第二个缺点)
When asked to __________, I tend to ____________. This is because I _______________(原因一). Furthermore, _______________________(原因二). Finally, ______________(原因三).
模板四：展望未来型
With the rapid advances of _____________ in recent years, ___has____________(引出现象). However, _______ has________________, as____________(提出问题). As a result, _____has _______
_____________(指出影响).
The effects ___________ has produced on____________ can be boiled down to two major ones.
First , __________________(影响一). More importantly, ________________(影响二). Hence, I believe that we will see a ____________(提出展望)/ Nevertheless, I do not think we will see a ______(或反面展望)
There are numerous reasons why ____, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here. The first is that the more(比较级)_____, the more (比较级). In addition, we all agree that________________________(第二个原因)

3. 沙漠化

[2.图画/图表描述段]As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relation ship between people and desert. In the left hand picture, people are fleeing from greedy sand hills because they cut down all the trees. The caption reads, ”As the sand advances, we retreat.” In the right hand picture, the people have returned carrying tools, water, and young trees to plant the land again. The caption reads: “As we advance, the sand retreats. ”
[5.意义阐述段]It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about the importance of trees in water and soil conservation and the need for everyone to fight against the danger of the desertification. In fact, what he is saying is that the sand hills will drive away from the land if we do fight against the sand. If we let this situation continue as it is, our environment will suffer a great destruction.
[10.建议措施段]The best way to fight back against the greedy desert in made clear in the second picture. There the local people are actively setting about the task of planting trees to reclaim the land and make it fertile. The fact that there are three people in the picture, each with a different job suggests that working together is the key to success in the battle against soil erosion.
4. 商业捕鱼（00年真题）
A Brief History of World Commercial Fishing
[2.图表描述段] As is shown in the pictures ,with the increase of commercial fishing ,the number of fishes dramatically(sharply) decreased .In one pictures ,there were various kinds of fish and only one fishing-boat in 1900 .On the contrary ,in1995 there was only one fish ,with many fishing-boats.
[5.意义阐述段] The purpose of this picture is to show us that due (great enough) attention has to be paid to the decrease (decline) of ocean resources .Owing to over-fishing the number of fishes has obviously dropped .If we let this situation go (continue) as it is ,we do not know where fish will be in the future .By that time ,our environment will suffer a great destruction .
[10.建议措施段] Therefore ,it is imperative for us to take drastic (effective) measures .For one thing ,we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control commercial fishing .For another ,we should enhance(imperative arouse) the awareness of people that the ocean resources are very vital to us .Only in this
way can we protect our ocean resources .Also I believe that we humans can overcome this difficulty ,and we will have a brighter future .

第二部分 图表作文（三篇）

5. 人口增长对野生动物的影响（99年真题）
[2.图画/图表描述段] From these graphs, we can draw a conclusion that, with the growth of human population, the number of species has decreased rapidly in America, and some species have even vanished from our planet.
[6.原因列举段]Why does this phenomenon appear? There are several possible reasons for this. Above all, as the human population grows rapidly, a growing number of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then these species have to move to other places. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new environment and die. In addition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think so. They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Even worse(坏)/More importantly(好), as the result（中性） /consequence（贬义）of the industry, the natural balance and the ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting has become increasingly serious. So some of the wildlife become homeless and extinct.
[10.建议措施段]In order to protect the wildlife, I have some suggestions. First, the governments should make laws to prevent them from being caught and killed. Second, the governments should educate people to love nature and protect it. Third, as for ourselves, we should take practical actions to protect our living environment.

6 烟草生产和消费（01年大纲样题）
[1.现象/现状说明段]The majority of people would agree that cigarette smoking has caused serious problems. But the tobacco companies insist that they contribute greatly to the world economy by paying taxes to the government and employing hundreds of workers.
[4.利弊说明段]Personally, I believe that cigarette production and consumption threatens to do more harm than good. Firstly, smoking is responsible for many fatal diseases such as lung cancer, heart diseases and so on. According to the survey, tobacco consumers account for about 20% of the world population, and among them, three million people die from smoking-related diseases every year. The fact that the output of tobacco production is reduced from 143.64 billion pounds in 1994 to 142 billion pounds in 1995 also suggests that people have come to realize the negative effects of smoking. Secondly, tobacco consumption is extremely wasteful of money. As is indicated in the pictures, 200 billion US dollars is lost due to smoking each year. Obviously, the total loss of money around the globe substantially exceeds the gain in the industry.
[8.归纳结论段]In conclusion, as the economic development aims at making our life better, we cannot sacrifice our health for short-term financial benefits. If we have to spend more and more money providing medical services fo
. What is more, _____. There are many cases showing that _____.

★篇章的组织★

根据提纲的要求，选择恰当的段落组段成篇。
例如：
1 ． DIRECTIONS:
A. Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words.
B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II.
C. Your essay should meet the requirements below:
1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.
2. Give your comments

谋篇分析
根据提纲中的信息 1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon. 本文开头需要两个段落，即描述漫画段，引出暗含主题段。
根据提纲中的信息 2. Give your comments 本篇文章下文要体现出作者对该现象的评论，即持有该观点的原因和最后得出的结论
☆SAMPLE
As is shown in the cartoon, the hen that has just laid an egg is shouting, with her head raised high, "I ensure that my egg brings no corners and that it consists of such three parts as eggshell, egg white and yolk."
What I've mentioned above is the surface messages conveyed by the cartoon. It seems from the hen's proud look that she is expected to make a promise for the egg she lays. It fact, it is clear that the hen promises what turns out to be her own duty.
There are some possible reasons for this common social phenomenon. For one thing, the social competition is becoming so fierce that all trades tend to produce ads to make themselves better known to the public. For another, they're not prepared to face the challenge and as a result, they can do little except declare their own duty as something praiseworthy.
In my opinion, every trade should try every means to improve its competitive forces instead of boasting like the hen in the cartoon. Therefore, I draw my conclusion that just as a hen shouldn't promise for her egg, so no trade in the society should boast themselves for something within their duty and that they should work hard to provide more benefits for the society. In a word, try not to be like the boasting hen in our life!


ions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay,you should
describe the drawing briefly.
explain its intended meaning,and
five you comments,
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20 points)
参考范文：
As is apparently drawn in this miniature, in the middle stand two individuals, one feeling gloomy while the other optimistic. The Chinese characters above inform our readers of the message that various folks take different attitudes toward the same event. How impressive this drawing seems to be in depicting one of the most prevalent themes that attitudes make everything in our life.
After careful reflection and mediation, we examinees come to understand the enlightening drawing. I contend that this thought-provoking image conveys one profound layer of implication concerning attitude or optim
ism. It is universally acknowledged that life is by no means perfect and whether we feel optimistic or not depends on what attitudes we take.
When confronted with an adverse situation, some youths feel in low spirits and fall into depression. Others, on the contrary, look at the positive side of the situation and remain cheerful. As a consequence, it is our attitude rather than the situation itself that determines how we feel.
In my personal sense, the message applies to our youths especially. In such a rat-race society, everyone is bound to encounter hardships and difficulties. In this sense, I should keep an optimistic attitude to pull through any hardship. Just as a famous figure puts it, it is our attitude that has changed everything in our life.


大作文范文：
Always the bright site!
To smile, or to cry, it is a question, especially when you confront with the situation mirrored in the picture: a bottle of milk is dropped and only half left, one cries over the loss, while the other smiles: how lucky we still have a half left!
Similar things happen a lot in our lives. When troubles happen, it is always important for an enterprising mind to remember that hope still exists, that smiles might be the best policy! Taking science for instance, not a single great discovery is made without overcoming numerous setbacks and failures. Madam Curie spent over 20 years fighting with failures and frustrations. If she had faltered for even once, she would not have discovered Radium. So did other great inventors!
Never tiring, never yielding, never finishing! When you are in trouble, remember what they say: when God shuts a door, he will also open a window for you. Life is full of ups and downs, and optimism, other than pessimism, is the best policy.

菠萝的拼音-黛色

毛茸茸的意思-思惑

荷恩-乌溜溜

蜷怎么读-都督的拼音

安多海拔-雷暴的意思

小鸡的英语-阴霾的近义词

我的家庭英语-壕是什么意思

结尾的作用-惊恐的近义词