翻译理论练习题
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2020年08月01日 13:28
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西塞罗： “我不是作为解释员而是作为演说家进行翻译的，不是字当句对，而是保留语言的总的风格和力量。”泰特勒的 “翻译三原则”： 1) 译文应完全传达原作的思想； 2）译文的风格与笔调应与原作属于同一性质； 3）译文应具有原作的流畅性。费道罗夫的等值翻译思想：1）与原文作用相符（表达方面的等值）；2) 译者所选用的语言材料的等值（语言和文体的等值）奈达的翻译思想： 所谓翻译，是指用一种语言中的语言符号解释另一种语言中的语言符号；是指从语义和文体风格上采用最接近而又最自然的同义语再现原文的信息。 他主张把翻译的重点放在译文读者的反应上。他认为判断译作是否翻译得正确，必须以译文的服务对象为衡量标准。 “衡量翻译质量的标准，不仅仅在于所译的词语能否被理解，句子是否合乎语法规范，而在于整个译文使读者产生什么样的反应。”英国翻译理论家：纽马克（Peter Newmark)
他提出真正的翻译应该充分体现作者的意图。译者应忠实于原文读者和译文，并根据原文所使用的语言种类来确定原文读者群的特点，从而确定给予目的语读者多少注意力。西方翻译理译理论练习题1. It is _______ that wrote Essay on the Principles of Translation in 1790. A. F. Tyler B. Charles R. Taber C. Saint Jerome D. Eugene A. Nida2. According to The Art of Translation by Theodore Savory, faced with a passage in its original language, a translator must ask himself some questions except: A. What does the author say? B. What does he mean? C. How does he say it? D. Why does he say it? 3. The Art of Translation is written by _______. A. Theodore Savory B. George Steiner C. Eugene A. Nida D. Charles R. Taber4. Several thousand years ago, _______ did not think it necessary to translate word for word, and he preserved the general style and force of the language. A. Cicero B. Saint Jerome C. John Steinbeck D. Theodore Savory5. All of the following ideas are Cicero’s, except ________. wasn’t necessary to translate word for preserved the general style and force of the wasn’t his duty to count out words to the reader like coins, but rather ti pay them out by weight as it aimed at translating sense, not words.6. A. F. Tytler thought the principles of translation included all the following except _______. A. the translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. B. It is necessary to translate word for word. C. The style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original.D. The translation should have all the ease of original composition.7. “______” is the idea of Saint isn’t necessar
y to translate word for word.B.I have always aimed at translating sense, not translation should have all the ease of original style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original.8. ________ is Jerome said that he had always aimed at translating sense, not Jerome said that it was necessary to translate word for Jerome said that it wasn’t his duty to count out words to the reader like coins, but rather to pay them out by weight as it Jerome said that he preserved the general style and force of the language when he was translating.9. ________ describes a good translation to be, that, in which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language, as to be as distinctly apprehended, and as strongly felt, by a native of the country to which that language belongs, as it is by those who speak the language of the original work. A. Cicero B. Saint Jerome C. A. F. Tylter D. Charles R. Taber10. 句法上下文是指——————。A 在一个句子的范围内该单位周围的一些语言单位。B 该单位的超出句子范围的语言环境。C 该词词组或句子所属的句法结构。D 该单位周围具体的词汇单位、词和固定词组的总和。11.广义上下文，指该单位的超出句子范围的语言环境，这就是————，即在该单位的周围，在该单位之外，亦即在与之毗连的各个句子中的语言单位的总和。 A 句法上下文 B. 词汇上下文 C 话语上下文 D 段落上下文12. 费道罗夫曾阐述有关翻译的原则，下列选项中不正确的一项是： A 翻译的确切性就是表达原文思想内容的完全准确和在修辞作用上与原文的完全一致。B 翻译的确切性就是通过复制原文形式的特点或创造在作用上与原文特点相符的东西来表达原文所特有的内容与形式间的相互关系。C 确切翻译是以整体与部分之间的一定的均衡为前提的。D 确切性在整个翻译的过程中要求在字面上同样程度地接近原文。13. “上下文在解决语言单位的多义性问题上起着重要作用。”这是——的论述。 A 林纾 B 巴尔胡达罗夫 C 泰特勒 D 费道罗夫14. Paraphrase — The True Road for the translator was written by _________. A. John Dryden B. George Steiner C. Sol Adler D. Charles R. Taber 15. George Steiner thought that through _________ , the spirit of an author may be transfused, and yet not lost. A. metaphrase B. paraphrase C. imitation D. alteration16. George Steiner thought that _________ is the true road for the translator. A. Create B. paraphrase C. Metaphrase D. imitation17. “To communicate effectively _________.” It is the idea of Eugene A. Nida and Charles R. Taber. A.
words cannot be treated in isolation B. one must respect the genius of each language C. the form must be changed D. the content of the passage should be preserved.18. When talking about the question of the part and the whole, the English philosopher Wittgenstein said, “_________”. A. The whole is made of the part. B. Words cannot be treated in isolation. C. The meaning of a word is its use in the language. D. The choice of words in a sentence as well as the sentence itself is affected by what goes before or comes after.19. In the following phrases, _________ is a typical Chinglish. A. transform into B. make into C. in this world D. completely smash 20. In the following phrases, _________ is Chinglish. A. make into B. change into C. transform into D. build into21. ________ believes that paraphrase or translation with latitudes is the true road for the translator. A. A. F. Tytler B. Eugene A. Nida C. T. H. Savory D. G. Steiner22. Edmund Waller, Sidney Godophin Dryden all adopted the method of ____ imagination. A. metaphrase B. paraphrase C. imagination D. amplification 23. Both Cicero and Saint Jerome thought ________. A. It was important to translate word for word. B. It was important to preserve the ideas and forms. C. It was important to translate sense. D. It was less important to translate words.
24. 狭义的上下文指________ 。 A 话语上下文 B 句子上下文 C 音素上下文
D 语素上下文
25. The well known Three Principles of Translation is pointed out by _______. A. Cicero B. Jerome C. Tereme D. Tytler
26. In The Theory and Practice of Translation, Eugene A. Nida and Charles K. Taber insist that the form must be changed in order to preserve the _______ of the message. A. style B. construction C. content D. setting
27. _______ is a strategy in which a target text is produced which deliberately breaks target conventions by retaining something of the original. This method is “an ethno-deviant pressure on target-language culture values to register the linguistic and cultural difference of the foreign text, sending the reader abroad” to have alien reading experience.
A. Foreignization B. Domestication C. Literal translation D. Free translation