高级英语第一册复习资料
温柔似野鬼°
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2020年08月01日 13:45
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kown-祸患
creak: n. 辗轧声, 嘎吱声vi. 发出辗轧声, 嘎吱嘎吱地作响(to make) the sound of a badly-oiled door when it opens.
When you move in a wooden bed, it creaks.
The hinge of the door needs oiling, it creaks every time it is opened.
squeak: n.吱吱声, 逃脱 v.吱吱叫, 侥幸通过, <俚>告密(to make) a short very high but not loud sound the squeak of a mouse
rumble: n. 隆隆声, 辘辘声n. (旧式汽车车厢后的)折叠加座<俚>打群架
v. 发隆隆声, 使辘辘响 (to make) a deep continuous rolling sound
The thunder / the big guns rumbled in the distance.
I am hungry, my stomach is rumbling
grunt: v. 咕哝, （猪等）打呼噜n. 咕哝, 呼噜声n. 石鲈, <俚>美国步兵(of certain animals, to make) short deep rough sounds in the throat, as if the nose were closed, such as the deep short sound characteristic of a hog, or a man making a similar sound expressing disagreement, boredom, irritation
sigh: n.叹气, 叹息 v.叹息, 惋惜 (to let out) a deep breath slowly and with a sound, usu. expressing tiredness, sadness, or satisfaction
We all heaved a sigh of relief when the work was done.
groan: v.呻吟, 抱怨, 发嘎吱声, 受重压 n.呻吟, 呻吟声(to make) a sound caused by the movement of wood or metal parts heavily loaded, (to make) a deep sound forced out by pain, or expressing despair
The patient groaned as he was lifted on to the stretcher.
The ancient chair gave a groan when the fat woman sat down on it.
The roof creaked and groaned under the weight of the snow.
2. Personification: n. 拟人, 具体化, 化身 a figure that endows objects, animals, ideas, or abstractions with human form, character, or sensibility,
The Middle Easter bazaar takes you... dancing flashes
The beam sinks…taut and protesting
3. Hyperbole: n. 夸张法 a device of comparison using exaggeration or obvious overstatement for comic or dramatic effect.
takes you ...hundreds even thousands of years every conceivable
innumerable lamps incredibly young with the dust of centuries:
Unit 2 Hiroshima——the liveliest in Japan
Ⅰ. Paraphrase
1) They were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them.
2)As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately opened the door.
3)The tradional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant struggle between old tradition and new developing.
4) I suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.
5)The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as I was.
6)After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude.
7)I was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant. His words shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking.
8)I thought for some reason or other no harm h
ad been done to me.
Ⅱ.Translate the following into Chinese:
1)t其次，我感情激动，喉咙哽噎，愁思连绵，这同日本铁路官员说什么毫不相干。踏上广岛的土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，这件事本身就比我过去的任何旅行或采访任务更为激动人心。难道我不是就在犯罪的现场吗？
2)t出乎意料，在车站经历的那种感情冲动又回来了。当我想到现在是站在第一颗原子弹爆炸的地方时，我心头沉重。就在这儿，成千上万的人在原子弹爆炸的一刹那遭到杀害。另有成千上万的人忍痛苦的折磨，慢慢死去。
3)t“在这个牡蛎之城，有两派看法，一派主张保留轰炸的遗迹，另一派主张消除一切痕迹，甚至连在轰炸中心树立的纪念碑也拆掉。”
4)t“如果你身上有明显的原子烧伤痕迹的话，你的孩子就会受到非原子弹受害者的歧视。”
5)t“我每多活一天，多受一天罪，也就是距脱离苦海的日子近一天。每过这样一天、我就做一只新的纸鸟，放到那一堆纸鸟中去，我看着这些小鸟，并庆幸疾病给我带来的好运气。因为疾病磨炼了我的性格。”
Ⅲ. Translate the following into Chinese
1.他刚才所讲的与讨论的问题无关。 2.战场旧址使他回想起那战火纷飞的抗战岁月。
3.他专心致志地工作，完全没有理会周围正在发生的事。
4.记者们看到诺贝尔奖得者时感到很兴奋。
5.-----老师用了什么词？我没太清楚。-----我也没听清楚。很像是preoccupation.
6.又拐了一个弯。我们来到了一个克容纳几百人的大岩洞。
7.人们领悟到这骇人听闻的消息之后都惊得目瞪口呆。
8.铁水倒入混铁炉有如把茶水从茶壶倒入茶杯。9.手术的失败使年轻的外科大夫心情沉重。10.将军常到兵营里去，和普通战士呆在一起。
Ⅳ. Translate the following into English
1)tThere is not a soul in the meeting must have been put off
2)tThe book looks very much like a box./The book looks much the same as a box.
3)tSichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other.
4)tThe very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.
5)tHe was so deep in thought that he was oblivious of what his friends were talking about.
6)tWhat he did had nothing to do with her.
7)tShe couldn’t fall aslleep as her daughter’s illness was very much on her mind.
8)tI have had the matter on my mind for a long time.
9)tHe loves such gatherings at which he rubs shoulders with young people and change opinions with them on various subjects.
10)tIt was only after a few minutes that his words sank in.
11)tThe soil smells of fresh grass.
12)tCould you spare me a few minutes?
13)tCould you spare me a ticket?
14)tThat elderly grey-haired man is a coppersmith by trade.
Ⅴ. Rhetoric
1. Cont
House: the US president and his government
the Capitol Hill: US Congress Hollywood: American filmmaking industry
Unit 3 Ships in the Desert
I. Paraphrase
1) It was not at all possible to catch a large amount of fish.
2)Following the layers of ice in the core sample, his finger came to the place where the layer of ice was formed 20 years ago.
3)keeps its engines running for fear that if he stops them, the metal parts would be frozen solid and the engines would not be able to start again.
4) Bit by bit trees in the rain forest are felled and the land is cleared and turned into pasture where cattle canbe raised quickly and slaughtered and the beef can be used in hamburgers.
5)Since miles of forest are being destroyed and the habitat for these rare birds no longer exists, thousands of birds which we have not even had a chance to see will bacome distinct.
6) Thinking about how a series of events might happen as a consequence of the thinning of the polar cap is not just a kind of practice in conjucture(speculation), it has got practical value.
7)We are using and destroying resources in such a huge amount that we are disturbing the balance between daylight and darkness.
8)Or have we been so accustomed to the bright electric lights that we fail to understand the threatening implication of these clouds.
9)To put forward the question in a different way
10)and greatly affect the living places and activities of human societies
11) We seem unaware that the earth’s natural systems are delicate.
12)And this continuing revolution has also suddenly developed at a speed that doubled and tripled the original speed.
ate the following into Chinese
1.迄今为止，地球大气层最重要的变化始于上世纪初的工业革命，并自那以后逐渐加快变化速度。工业意味着先是煤，后是石油的消耗，我们燃烧大量的煤和油---导致大气层二氧化碳含量的增加。这种增加使更多的热量保留在大气层内，从而逐渐使地球变暖。离南极不到一百码远，在雪上飞机降落的冰铺跑道上风处，科学家一日数次测量大气，以在表上标出这无情的变化。飞机降落后，发动机仍在转动，以防金属部件冻住，无法发动。在我访问期间，我观看了一位科学家画出那天的测量结果，把表上一条直线上升的线再往上推进。他告诉我----在这地球的尽头---很容易看清全球大气层的巨大变化的速度仍在加快。
2）然而，新的一类环境问题确实影响全球生态系统，而这些威胁基本上是战略性的。过去四十年中大气层氯的含量增加了600%。这不仅发生在对产生氟利昂富有责任的国家，而且发生在所有国家的上空，在南极上空，北极和太平洋上空---从地球表面---一直到天空深处。
氯含量的增加破坏了地球调节太阳通过大气层射到地面紫外线辐射量的的全坏程序。如果我们让氯含量
继续增加，那么紫外线辐射量也将增加—总有一天会威胁到所有的动、植物的生存。
3）当前人类文明对全球环境威胁的战略实质以及全球环境变化对人类文明威胁的战略实质向我们提出了一系列相同的挑战和不正确的期望。有的人认为，有了一种新的、终极技术，不管是核能还是基因工程，就可以解决这个问题。别的人认为只有大大减少我们对技术的依靠才能改善生活的条件----这种看法充其量是一种简单化的看法。真正的解决办法要从重新设计以及最终弥合文明与地球关系中去寻找。这中仍通过重新仔细估量一切导致这种关系发生剧烈变化的因素才能达到。这种变化是相当近期发生的。改变我们与地球关系的方式当然包含新技术，但关键的变化将包含对这种关系本身的新的思路，新的认识。
Unit 4 Everyday Use for Your Grandmama
Ⅰ. Paraphrase
1) She thinks that her sister has a firm control of her life.
2) She could always have anything she wanted, and life was extremely generous to her.
3) The popular TV talk show star, Johnny Carson, who is famous for his witty and glib tongue, has to try hard if he wants to catch up with me.
4) It seems to me that I have talked to them always ready to leave as quickly as possible.
5) She imposed on us lots of falsity.
6) imposed on us a lot of knowledge that is totally useless to us.
7) She is not bright just as she is neither good-looking nor rich.
8) Dee wore a very long dress even on such a hot day.
9) You can see me trying to move my body a couple of seconds before I finally mange to push myself up.
10) Soon he knows that won’t do for Maggie, so he stops trying to shake hands with Maggie.
11) As I see Dee is getting tired of this, I don’t want to go on neither. In fact, I could have traced it far back before the Civil War along the branches of the family tree.
12) Now and then he and Dee communicated through eye contact in a secretive way.
13) If Maggie put the old quilts on the bed, they would be in rags less than five years.
14) She knew this was Gods arrangement.
ate the following into Chinese
1.在现实生活中，我是一个大块头，大骨架的妇女，有着干男人活儿的粗糙双手。冬天睡觉时我穿着绒布睡衣；白天身穿套头工作衫。我能像男人一样狠狠地宰猪并收拾干净。我的一身脂肪使我在寒冬也保持温暖。我能整天在户外干革命活儿，敲碎冰块，取水洗衣。我能吃在明火上烧熟的猪肝，而这猪肝还冒着热气，从刚宰死的猪身上切下来的。有一年冬天，我用一把大铁锤砍倒一头公牛，锤子正打在小牛两眼之间的大脑上。天黑之前，我把牛肉挂起来凉着。还过，这一切当然都没有在电视上出现过。我的女儿希望我的样子是：体重减去一百磅，皮肤像下锅煎之前的大麦面饼
那样细腻光滑，头发在炽热耀眼的灯光下闪闪发亮。而且，我有一口伶牙俐齿，能够妙语连珠。就连乔尼?卡森也望尘莫及。
2）可是，这是个错误，我还没醒来之前就知道了。谁听说约翰逊家的人有伶牙俐齿？谁能想像我敢直视一个陌生的白人？和他们讲话时，我总是紧张不安，随时准备溜走。我的头总是转到离他们最远的方向。还过，迪伊就不这样。她对任何人都畏惧。犹豫不决可不属于她的本性。
3）过去我以为她也讨厌玛吉。但是那是在教堂和我筹钱送她到奥古斯塔上学之前。那时她常给我们读点什么，读时毫同情之心，将文字、谎言、别人的习惯以及整个生活强加于我们。我和玛吉毫无办法，一无所知地困坐在那里，她的声音凌驾于我们之上。她对我们灌输一大堆编造的事物以及我们不需要掌握的知识。她严肃地强迫我们听她读书，又正好我们俩人像傻瓜一样，看上去似懂非懂的时刻把我们挥之而去。
4）我自己从未受过教育。在我上完小学二年级时，学校关门了。别问我为什么：1927年时有色人种不像现在问这么多问题。有时玛吉给我读些东西。她温厚地结结巴巴地读着，因为她看不清楚。她知道自己不聪明。正如姣好的相貌和金钱一样，机敏她与她无缘。不久她就要嫁给约翰?汤马斯（他有一张诚实的面孔和一口像长了苔的牙齿）。玛吉结婚后，我将闲坐在家里，也许只对自己唱唱教堂歌曲，尽管我从来唱不好，总是走调。我对于男人活儿倒是更在行。我一向喜欢挤牛奶，直到1949年我的肋部被牛顶伤了为止。母牛生性恬静、动作缓慢，不会伤害人，除非你给她挤奶时动作不得法。
Ⅲ.Translate the following into English
1. A big fire burned to the ground more than 300 homes in the slum neighborhood.
you are upright and not afraid of losing anything, you will be able to look anyone in the eye.
3. despite the flood, the losses in agricultural production were not that serious.
blouse doesn’t match the color or the style of the skirt.
5. Let’s talk about the matter over a cup of coffee.
6. I can’t imagine you doing disgraceful things.
7. He couldn’t imagine why people were opposed to his suggestions.
8. Stepping off from the car, the official was confronted by two terrorists.
9. As long as we stick to these principles,We will surely be successful.
10. She was shocked at the news, but before long she recomposed herself.
is very difficult to trace this quotation to its source.
12. Their way of life could be traced to the ancient traditions handed down to them by their ancestors more than one thousand years ago.
Ⅳ. Rhetorical devices
Parallelism: chin on chest, eyes on ground, feet in shuffle
Metaphor: She washed us in a river of...burned us..
. Pressed us ...to shove us away
stare down any disaster in her efforts...
Unit 5 Speech on Hitler's Invasion of the U.S.S.R
Ⅰ. Paraphrase
1)Hitler was hoping that if he attacked Russia, he would win in Britain and the U.S. the support of those who were enemies of Communism.
2)Winant said the United States would adopt the same attitude.
3)In this way, my life is made much easier in this case, it will be much easier for me to decide on my attitude towards events.
4)I will not take back a single word of what I have said about Communism.
5) I can see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, who, after suffering severe losses in the aerial battle of England, now feel happy because they think they can easily beat the Russian air force without heavy loss.
6) We shall be more determined and shall make better and fuller use of our resources.
7)Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.
Ⅱ.Translate the following into Chinese:
1. 我现在的目标只有一个，即消灭希特勒。这使我的生活单纯多了。假使希特勒入侵地狱，我至少会在下议院替魔鬼说几句好话的。’
2. 如果希特勒认为他对苏维埃俄国的进攻会使那些决心埋葬他的伟大的民主国家稍稍转移目标或松懈斗志的话，那他就大错特错了。
3. 他之所以想摧毁俄国，乃是因为他期望着一旦这一行动顺利得手，他便可以将其陆、空军主力从东线调回，投入对英伦三岛的进攻。他清楚地知道，他必须征服英国，否则，他将因其犯下的种种罪行而受到惩罚。
4. 他期望能以空前的规模再度重演他长期以来赖以发迹的将敌手各个击破的故伎，然后便可以腾出场地来演出最后的一幕——将整个西半球置于他的控制和统治之下。他知道，如果做不到这一点，他的全部战果都将化为泡影。
Ⅲ.Translate the following into English:
1. This is true of the rural area as well as of the urban area.
2. He was counting on their support.
3. I don't remember his exact words, but I'm sure he did say something to that effect.
4. Churchill said, "Tell Stalin that Britain has but one desire --to crush Hitler.
5. Only 9% of the population in that country remains illiterate.
6. This leaves them no choice but to rely on his efforts.
7. The guests were overwhelmed by the warm reception.
8. They overwhelmed the enemy by a surprise attack.
9. Their difficulty is our difficulty just as we view their victory as our own victory.
10. It is clear that German fascists were trying to put the people in that region under their domination.
Ⅳ. Rhetoric
1. Simile: a comparison between two unlike things having at least one quality or characteristic in common.
2. tenor: the subject of the comparison
3. Vehicle: the image of which this idea is conveyed
The veh
icle is almost always introduced by the word "like" or "as".
The bus (tenor) went as slowly similarity as a snail (vehicle).
The water lay grey and wrinkled like an elephant's skin.
Her eyes were jet black, and her hair was like a waterfall.
4. Metaphor: a comparison between two unlike things, but the comparison is implied rather than stated. Contrary to a simile in which the resemblance between two unlike things is clearly stated, in a metaphor nothing is mentioned.
The essential form of a metaphor is X is Y, and all forms of metaphor can be condensed into this form.
They will be rounded up in hordes. I see Russian soldiers standing on the threshold...
Means of existence is wrung from the soil... The scene will be clear for the final act.
rid the earth of his shadow...liberate people from his yoke cataract of horrors
5. Alliteration: dull, drilled, docile... for his hearth and home
with its clanking, heel-clicking...
6. Assonance: the use of the same or related, vowel sounds in successive words
clanking, heel-clicking,… cowing and tying ... lodding on like crawling locusts, ...
smarting from many a British whipping... easier and safer prey
7. Repetition: We have but one aim and one single purpose
nothing will turn us---nothing We will never parley, we will never negotiate...
This is our policy and this is our declaration as we shall faithfully and steadfastly
8. Parallelism:The past, with its crimes, its follies, and its tragedies... I see,...I see...
the return of the bread-winner of their champion, of their protector
We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air
Any man or state... Any man or state... Let us... Let us...
phrases: I had not the slightest doubt where ... With great rapidity and violence
Periodic sentences: When I awoke on...invasion of Russia.
If Hitler imagines that... woefully mistaken.
Unit 6 Blackmail Arthur Hailey
Ⅰ. Paraphrase
1)The house detective's small narrow eyes looked her up and down scornfully from his fat face with a heavy jowl.
2)This is a pretty nice room that you have got.
3)The fat body shook in a chuckle because the man was enjoying the fact that he could afford to do whatever he liked and also he was appreciating the fact that the Duchess knew why he had come.
4)He had an unnaturally high-pitched voice. now, he lowered the pitch. When he spoke
5)Ogilvie spat out the words, throwing away his politeness. pretended
6)The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from parents of noble families with a history of three centuries and a half. She wouldn't give up easily.
7)It's no use. What you did just now was a good attempt at trying to save the situation.
8) "That's more acceptable," Ogilvie said. He lit another cigar, "Now we're making some progress. "
9)...he looked at the Duchess sardonically as if he wanted to see i
f she dared to object to his smoking.
10)The house detective made noises with his tongue to show his disapproval.
Ⅱ.Translate the following into Chinese:
1. 告诉你吧，公爵——我在这个城市和这个旅馆呆的时间都很久了。到处都有我的朋友。我时常为他们帮忙，他们也同样帮我的忙，比如说告诉我哪儿发生了些什么事儿，住在这个旅馆的人们做了些什么事情，凡是有点儿出格的，那就很少能瞒得过我。他们多半都不知道我会知道，而且也不认识我。他们以为自己的那些小秘密被隐瞒住了——也的确有瞒住的时候——可是这一回却瞒不住了。
2. 依我说呢，这事也不用着急。”他那刺耳的尖嗓音此时带着一种沉思的声调。“事已至此，急也无益，再急也不能让那小孩和她的母亲复生。况且，到了警察局．他们用来处置你的办法，公爵，你是不会喜欢的。真的，阁下，你绝不会喜欢的。
3. 克罗伊敦公爵夫人极力控制自己那如脱缰野马般的思绪。她知道保持自己头脑的冷静和理智是至关重要的。方才那最后几分钟的谈话似乎变得非常随便，仿佛他们所讨论的只是一些无关紧要的家常琐事，而不是人命关天的大事。她有意要使谈话照这样进行。她意识到，唱主角的责任又一次地落到了自己的肩上。此时此刻，在她与这个存心恶毒的肥佬之间的激烈交锋中，她的丈夫只当了一名紧张而被动的旁观者。没关系，既然躲不过，就只好去面对它了。要紧的是对各种可能发生的意外变故预作考虑。她突然想出了一个主意。
Ⅲ.Translate the following into Chinese:
1)他从不会被出乎意料的问题难倒。He is never put out by unexpected questions.
2)明年他们将生产更多的稻米。They will put out more rice next year.
3)这事真难办。(或：这事真糟。) Here is a pretty go!
4) He is itching to have a go at it.他跃跃欲试。
5) The old man is still full of go.这位老人仍然精力充沛。
6) This small shop sells fancy goods.这个小店出售花哨的小商品。
7) Do you fancy anything to drink?你想喝点什么?
8) The boy is shooting up fast.这个男孩正在猛长个儿。
9) The girl is a dead shot.这个女孩是个神枪手。
10)这两位大人物进行了私下会晤。
11) The two big shots had a private meeting.我们被安排在招待所里过夜。
12) He found himself in a fix.他发现自己陷入了困境。
13) Suddenly I hit upon an idea.突然我想到了一个主意。
14) His science fiction was quite a hit in the States.他的科学幻想小说在美国轰动一时。
Ⅳ. Translate the following into English:
1) 不用着急，慢慢来。There is no call for hurry．Take your time．
2)A你的意思是说我在撒谎吗？re you suggesting that I am telling a lie?
3) 他企图尽一切办法掩