英语四级真题2012.12
温柔似野鬼°
843次浏览
2020年08月01日 19:10
最佳经验
本文由作者推荐
瓶梅-朝朝暮暮
partI Writing (30 minute)
注意：此部分试题在答题卡
1
上。
Directions:For this part ,you are allowed 30minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting
their
should write at least 120 words following the outline when bellow:
1.
随着全球变暖现象越来越严重，我身边的着怎样的变化。
2.
日常生活中，你认为怎么做才是真正的绿色生活。
On Students Selecting Lecturers
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer
Sheet 1.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Gulf Wracked By Katrina's Latest Legacy-Disease, Poisons, Mold
A month after Hurricane Katrina tore through the U.S. Gulf Coast, medical experts are now struggling with the latest
crisis in the region; contamination(
污染
).
Katrina
left
New
Orleans
and
other
communities
tainted
with
oil,
sewage,
and
possibly
poisons
leached
from
federal
toxic waste sites, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) says.
The pollution, combined with the lack of regular medical services in the region, has raised serious questions about the
safety of New Orleans and other coastal towns as people longing for home begin to go back.
"I don't think New Orleans is safe for people to return to, from a public health and environmental health standpoint," said
Miriam Aschkenasy, an environmental health expert working with Oxfam America in the region.
Much of the contamination rests in the brown, filmy sediment(
沉淀物
) left behind by Katrina's polluted floodwaters.
Recent EPA tests of the sediment confirmed high levels of E. coli bacteria, oil and gas chemicals, and lead, as well as
varying quantities of arsenic.
The
health
risks
posed
by
the
sediment
are
immediate,
experts
say,
because
the
sludge(
淤泥
)
is
nearly
impossible
for
returning residents to avoid. In New Orleans, it covers every surface that was flooded, from cars and now-dead lawns to the
entire contents of flooded homes, stores, hospitals, and schools.
"When people come back, they are exposed to the sediment," said Wilma Subra, a chemist from New Iberia, Louisiana,
who is analyzing the sediment. "It's in their yards and houses."
Old Pollution Resurfacing
Plaquemine
s
Parish,
a
rural
county
on
the
peninsula
south
of
New
Orleans,
is
now
covered
with
even
more
toxic
sediment than it was two weeks ago, thanks to Hurricane Rita.
"Six inches up to one foot (15 to 30 centimeters) of sludge," Subra reported.
Much of the sludge in Plaquemines is the product of nearby bayous and bay bottoms, where sediment was lifted up by
Katrina's and Rita's storm surges.
The sediment has been polluted over the years with industrial chemicals and heavy metals, said Subra, who tested the
sediment for the Southern Mutual Help Association, a nonprofit organization in New Iberia, Louisiana.
"These water bodies have received industrial wastes for decades," she said. "This material has toxic chemicals, metals,
and organic petrochemicals(
石化产品
)."
Matters have only been made worse by multiple oil spills caused by Katrina and Rita. According to the U.S. Coast Guard,
11 oil spills have occurred in southern Louisiana, totaling 7.4 million gallons (28 million liters) of oil, most of which has been
2013英语四级考试全攻略考试入门四级词汇四级语法四级听力四级写作四级阅读CET
－
4
真题
绝密版
- 2 -
contained.
Bacteria levels are also especially high in the Plaquemines sludge, said Rodney Mallett, spokesperson for the Louisiana
Department of Environmental Quality.
"The sewage treatment plants were underwater," he explained. "Between the animal waste and the human waste, you've
got a lot of bacteria."
Protection Kits
Health and environmental agencies are advising people to avoid contact with the sludge. They recommend that people
wear gloves, goggles, and dust masks, and that they wash promptly if exposure occurs.
EPA officials are directing people to its Web site () to inform themselves of the contamination risks.
But most people returning to the area don't have computers to get that information, said Erik Olson, an attorney for the
Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental advocacy group.
"If you [do] read the Web site," he added, "you practically have to have a degree in chemistry to understand it."
To
better
inform
people
of
health
risks,
the
Southern
Mutual
Help
Association
and
Oxfam
America
are
developing
a
program to give every returning resident a protective kit.
Each kit would contain waterproof suits, goggles(
风镜
), shoe covers, and masks, along with information about potential
hazards, V
olunteers would give out the kits at the security checkpoints that now stand at the major entrances to affected cities.
The groups have made a hundred demonstration kits, which cost about $$100 (U.S.) each t
o produce, and have shown
them to state leaders in Louisiana.
"The governor is really in favor of this," Subra said. "We just have to determine how we're going to fund them."
Toxic Mold Blooms
In addition to the toxic sediment, sprawling blooms of mold have now taken hold in many flooded homes. "The mold is
growing everywhere-homes are just coated with it," Subra said.
The problem has become so widespread that federal health officials warned Wednesday of allergic reactions and toxic
responses to the mold. Professionals should be hired to clean mold that covers more than ten square feet (one square meter),
they urged.
"Those [surfaces] that can't be cleaned need to be removed," said Steven Redd, chief of the Air Pollution and Respiratory
Health Branch of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
The effects of the mold are already surfacing in Mississippi, where respiratory(
呼吸的
) problems are among the illnesses
doctors there are reporting.
"We're seeing a lot of asthma from inhaling the mold," said Richard Paat, team leader of a temporary East Biloxi clinic.
"And mouth sores from the bad water."
Due to contact with unclean water, 33 people in the flood zone have contracted Vibrio infections, according to the CDC.
The infections are caused by a family of bacteria that live in contaminated salt water. They can cause serious illness, especially
in people with compromised immune systems.
To date, six people have died from Vibrio infections.
"People had open wound and walked through floodwater with sewage in it," CDC spokesperson V
on Roebuck said. "And
these folks were having these wounds infected with Vibrio."
Disaster Response Care
"This
is
a
highly
contaminated
area,"
said
Susan
Briggs,
the
physician
overseeing
FEMA's
disaster-response
medical
teams in Louisiana and Alabama.
Her
teams
have
been
inoculating
residents
for
tetanus
and
Hepatitis
A
and
B.
Hepatitis
is
a
danger
when
people
are
exposed
to
sewage,
through
water
or
food,
Briggs
explained.
Tetanus
can
occur
when
people
cut
themselves
on
unclean
materials, as may happen when cleaning debris.
The rudimentary(
根本的
) living conditions in many Katrina-struck areas make it more likely that people will get sick and
injured, Briggs said.
"They have no electricity, no clean water, no air conditioning," she said. "There are collapsed structures and stray animals.
There are huge amounts of stray dogs, and people have been bitten."
Briggs and other doctors in the area have been treating many cases of diarrhea, rashes, and upper-respiratory illnesses.
All of these conditions are to be expected after natural disasters, according to the CDC. But it's t
oo soon to know if these
ailments are related to contamination, the CDC's Roebuck said.
"We're looking at that question," he said. "We'd like to know the answer."
1. The passage gives a description of the contamination in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina.
2. Katrina left New Orleans and other communities tainted with oil and sewage.
3. Plaquemines Parish is now covered with even more toxic sediment that it was two weeks ago.
4. People are being advised to avoid contact with the sludge by health and environmental agencies.
5. The Southern Mutual Help Association and Oxfam America are developing a program to sell every returning resident a
protective kit.
6. The conditions in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina is special.
7. In addition to the toxic sediment, sprawling blooms of mold have now taken hold in many flooded homes, and it is
growing everywhere.
8. To date, six people have died from?
________.
9. The rudimentary living conditions in many Katrina-struck areas make it more likely that people will get________.
10. All of these conditions are to be expected after________.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation,
one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.
After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and
decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
11. [A] She refuses to go to dinner.
[B] She agrees to go to dinner.
[C] She is angry.
[D] She is surprised.
12. [A] She learns English quickly.
[B] Her English isn't very good.
[C] Her English is very good.
[D] She learns new sentences slowly.
13. [A] At a bank.
[B] At an inn.
[C] On the river side.
[D] On a basketball field.
14. [A] Go to Paris again.
[B] Live in Paris.
[C] Go somewhere else.
[D] Difficult to say.
15. [A] Peter likes to do physical exercise.
[B] Peter is absent-minded in class.
[C] Peter is a naughty boy.
[D] Peter usually walks to class.
16. [A] A driving test.
[B] A traffic accident.
CET
－
4
真题
绝密版
- 4 -
[C] A police movie.
[D] The best way to make signals.
17. [A] Her sister is a fashionable woman.
[B] Her sister is designing a dres
e people with bad credit
histories. They are (39) ________ higher interest rates and other loan costs.
Some Americans want to read their credit report to know if they have been a (40) ________ of identity theft. They can
see if any loans or credit cards have been (41) ________ in their name with stolen personal information.
Another
reason
is
that
credit
reports
are
not
always
correct..
They
might
(42)
________
wrong
information
or
old
information.
Before 1971, Americans could not see any of this information. One change, in 2001, permits people to see their FICO
score. FICO is short for the Fair Isaac (43) ________. (44) __________.
Fair Isaac says many lenders not just in the United States but around the world use its technology to create credit scores.
(45) _______________________________________________.
As of May, the company says it sold ten million credit scores to individuals.
(46) ______________________________________________________________________.
Paying bills on time and paying off credit-card debt improves credit scores.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a
list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.
Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single
line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Have
you
ever
been
afraid
to
talk
back
when
you
were
treated
____47
___?
Have
you
ever
bought
something
just
because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date.
Many people are afraid to assert(
表现
)themselves. Dr. Alberti thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole
____48 ___
is
designed
to
make
people
distrust
themselves,"
says
Alberti.
"There's
always
'____49
___'
around-a
parent, a
teacher, a boss-who 'knows better'. These superiors often gain when they chip(
削弱
) away at your self-image."
But
Alberti
and
other
scientists
are
doing
something
to
help
people
____50
___
themselves.
They
____51
___
"assertiveness training" courses-At for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn
to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more ____52 ___ without hurting other people.
In one way. learning to speak out is to ____53 ___ fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear.
But AT uses an even stronger ____54 ___-the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell
how he feels.
Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you,
you may feel less of a person. You start to ____55 ___ your own good sense.
You go by the other person's ____56___ . But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And
once you do, you can learn to speak out.
[A] doubt [I] peace
[B] active [J] demand
[C] system [K] ask
CET
－
4
真题
绝密版
- 7 -
[D] offer [L] superior
[E] unfairly [M] overcome
[F] unfortunately [N] confidence
[G] motive [O] roar
[H] image
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
[A],
[B],
[C]
and
[D]. You
should
decide
on
the
best
choice
and
mark
the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Question 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Among all the animals, the ape is most like human beings. Both people and apes have the similar brain structure, the
similar nerve system, and the similar kind of blood.
There are four kinds of apes: the chimpanzee(
黑猩猩
), the orangutan(
猩猩
), the gorilla(
大猩猩
), and the gibbon(
长臂猿
).
They live in the deep forests and warm tropical regions of Africa and of Southeast Asia, including Indonesia.
All apes are covered with brown, reddish-brown, or black hair everywhere on their bodies except their faces, feet, and
hands. Their hands each have four fingers and a thumb that helps them grip things the way our thumbs help us. But they also
have a thumb on each foot instead of a big toe. Thus they can hold things with their feet also. Having short, weak legs, apes do
not walk on the ground very much. However, their arms are very strong. This enables them to swing from branches and travel
very quickly from tree to tree.
These animals live in small family groups that move from place to place in search of vegetables and fruits. They also eat
eggs, small animals, nuts, and insects. When they are tired, they build nests in the trees. But they rarely sleep there for more
than a night or two. Then they move on to look for more food.
There are some differences among the following three kids of apes. The gibbon is never more than three feet high and
weight only about fourteen pounds. The gorilla grows to be six feet tall and weight up to 600 pounds. The orangutan is small
teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive
videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A
videodisc
program
is
infinitely
patient.
Repetition
of
any
videodisc
lesson
can
continue
endlessly,
and
designers
can
assure
absolute
consistency
within
a
program.
Most
important,
according
to
special
educator
William
Healey
of
the
University
of
Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations."
Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative(
比喻的
)language
and
higher-order
language
concepts. He believes
that
for
special
education,
the
power
of
videodisc
lies
in
the
ability
of
the
technology
to
visually
represent
language
concepts
normally
taken
for
granted
by
non-handicapped
persons.
Complex
figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners.
62. The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with ________.
[A] genius students from day-care centers to colleges
[B] students who are fond of computer video games
[C] teachers of language in the University of Arizona
[D] students who are either mentally or physically disabled
63. A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study difficulties because ________.
[A] its fancy design is very attractive
[B] it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudy
[C] the content of it is healthy and promising
[D] it is developed by university professors
64. According to Professor Healey, we may infer that mentally retarded children perhaps ________.
[A] need graphic representations in order to understand higher-order language concepts
[B] are good at studying English idioms but often fail to grasp higher-order language concepts
[C] are not very patient with videodisc which helps them to understand the world concepts
[D] tend to be deaf as well and have difficulty learning the simple concept "before and after"
65. The best phrase that summarizes the main idea of the text is ________.
[A] handicapped students and their problems
[B] videodisc and special education
[C] computer assisted teaching programs
[D] normal children and handicapped kids
66. The word "impairment" (Line 2, Para. 1) probably means ________.
[A] habit
[B] disability
[C] misconception
[D] belief
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choice
s marked [A], [B], [C] and
[D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursing homes. They are left
in the ____67 ___ of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their ____68 ___ children visit them only occasionally, but more often,
they do not have any ____69___ visitors. The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an ____70 ___ story. In fact, family
members provide over 80 percent of the care ____71 ___ elderly people need. Samuel Preston, a sociologist, studied ____72
___ the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the ____73 ___ American couple reaches 40 years of age,
they
have
more
parents
than
children.
____74
___,
because
people
today
live
longer
after
an
illness
than
people
did
years
____75 ___, family members must provide long term care. More psychologists have found that all caregivers ____76 ___ a
common characteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best ____77 ___ for the job. In other words, they all felt that
they ____78 ___ do the job better than anyone else. Social workers ____79 ___ caregivers to find out why they took ___ 80
___
the
responsibility
of
caring
for
an elderly
relative.
Many
caregivers
believed
they
had
___81
___
to
help their
relative.
Some stated that helping others ____82 ___ them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping ____83___ now, they would
deserve
care
when
they
became
old
and
____84
___.
Caring
for
the
elderly
and
being
taken
care
of
can
be
a
____85
___
satisfying experience for everyone who might be ____86 ___.
67. [A] hands [B] arms [C] bodies [D] homes
68. [A] growing [B] grown [C] grow [D] grows
69. [A] constant [B] lasting [C] regular [D] normal
70. [A] imaginary [B] imaginable [C] imaginative [D] imagery
71. [A] that [B] this [C] those [D] these
72. [A] when [B] how [C] what [D] where
73. [A] common [B] ordinary [C] standard [D] average
74. [A] Still [B] However [C] Moreover [D] Whereas
75. [A] before [B] ago [C] later [D] lately
76. [A] share [B] enjoy [C] divide [D] consent
77. [A] person [B] people [C] character [D] man
78. [A] would [B] will [C] could [D] can
79. [A] questioned [B] interviewed [C] inquired [D] interrogate
80. [A] in [B] up [C] on [D] off
81. [A] admiration [B] initiative [C] necessity [D] obligation
82. [A] cause [B] enable [C] make [D] get
83. [A] someone [B] anyone [C] everyone [D] anybody
84. [A] elderly [B] dependent [C] dependable [D] independent
ng Comprehension(Reading in Depth)
Section A
47. E
48. C
49. L
50. H
CET
－
4
真题
绝密版
- 12 -
51. D
52. B
53. M
54. G
55. A
56. J
Section B
Passage one
57. A
58. C
59. B
60. A
61. D
Passage Two
62. D
63. B
64. A
65.B
66. B
Part V Cloze
67. A
68. B
69. C
70. A
71.A
72. B
73. D
74. C
75. B
76. A
77. B
78. C
79. B
80. C
81. D
82. C
83. A
84. B
85. C
86. A
Part VI Translation
87. Thanks to a kind-hearted taxi drive
88. This is a matter of life and death
89. has caused wide public concern over the recent years
90. something must have gone wrong
91. It should be taken into consideration
CET
－
4
真题
绝密版