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绝世美人儿
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2020年08月02日 02:05
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伽马射线是什么-毁谤
?4.3 Risk Protection and Financing under Collection
4.1 An Overview of Collection
4.1.1★Definition of collection
? URC522 Art.2
collections means the handling by banks, on instructions received, of documents, in order to:
1)obtain acceptance and/or payment;
2)deliver commercial documents against acceptance or payment;
3)deliver documents on other terms and conditions.
?Collection is an arrangement whereby the seller draws a draft on the buyer, and /or shipping documents are forwarded to his bank, authorizing it to collect the money from the buyer through its correspondent bank .
–出口商（卖方）开出以进口商（买方）为付款人的汇票，委托出口商（卖方）所在地银行（托收行）通过它在进口商（买方）所在地的分行或代理行（代收行），代为向进口商（买方）收款。
?Collection is still based on commercial credit instead of bank credit and the banks act only as a collector of funds under a transaction and provide a channel to transfer funds between the buyer and the seller
4.1.2 Parties to Collection
? 委托人 principal--seller(exporter/drawer)
collection application
? 托收行 remitting bank/寄单行(出口方银行)
collection instruction
? 代收行 collecting bank(进口方银行)
? 提示行 presenting bank
? 付款人 payer - buyer (importer/drawee)
? 需要时的代理 principal’s representative in case of need– P87
4.1.3★Types of collection
? collection光票托收
–Collection on financial instruments only, sometimes accompanied by invoice, etc. Documents are sent directly by the exporter to the importer. The exporter is in fact shipping on open-account terms.
?光票托收指汇票不附带货运票据的一种托收方式。主要用于赊账、货款的尾数、样品费用、佣金、带垫费用、贸易从属费用、索赔以及非贸易的款项。
?ntary collection跟单托收
Collection on financial documents being accompanied by commercial documents or collection on commercial documents without financial documents. Only the draft drawn is paid or accepted, will the documents be released to the importer.跟单托收是汇票连同商业单据向进口行收取款项的一种托收方式，有时为了避免印花税，也有不开汇票，只拿商业单据委托银行代收。
?根据交付单据的条件不同，跟单托收分为
–付款交单(Documents against Payment,D/P)
?即期付款交单(D/P at sight)指开出的汇票是即期汇票，进口商见票，只有付完货款，才能拿到商业单据。
?远期付款交单(D/P at x x days after date of draft or D/P after sight)出口商开出远期汇票，进口商向银行承兑，于汇票到期日付款交单的付款交单方式。
–承兑交单(Documents against A
cceptance,D/A)
?代收行在进口商承兑远期汇票后向其交付单据的一种方式。
?the exporter extends credit to the importer.
? collection直接托收
An arrangement whereby the seller obtains his bank’s pre-numbered direct collection letter, thus enabling him to sent his documents directly to his bank’s correspondent bank for collection.
卖方事先取得托收行允许，直接寄单至代收行的托收方式（风险大）
4.2 Documentary Collection Practice
?4.2.1★Procedure of Documentary Collection
Documents against other terms
?Delivery of documents against partial payment
–“Delivery of documents against part of collection to be paid at sight and the balance by the way of the acceptance of a separate draft payable at a future date .”
?against P/N本票
?against letter of undertaking to pay担保书
?against trust receipt信托收据
?against letter of guarantee保函
4.2.2 Collection Application Form and Order
Contents
? details of the principal and drawee
? a list of documents
? Amount and currency to be collected
? terms of releasing documents 交单条件
? disposal of proceeds upon collection 票款收妥后代收行汇交托收款的方式
collection instruction：”upon collection, please credit the proceeds to our account with you under airmail/cable advice to us.”
collection instruction: “Please collect proceeds and authorize us by airmail/cable to debit your account with us.”
“please collect and remit the proceeds to x Bank for credit of our account with them under their cable/airmail advice to us.”
? store and insure clause when documents are not taken up on arrival of goods
? bank and other charges
? about protest in the event of dishonor
? designating collecting bank
4.2.3 Uniform Rulesfor Collection
?Application of URC522
–Release of Commercial Documents
–Liabilities and Disclaimers of Banks
–Interest, Charges and Expenses
–Actions Taken in Dishonor
–Partial payment
4.3★Risk Protection and
Financing under Collection
?4.3.1 Risk Involved
–Risks for Exporter
–Risks for Importer
?4.3.2 Financing under the Collection
Risks involved to an exporter
? Non-acceptance or payment by the importer for a significant drop in market price of the imported goods价格波动
? Operational risks of the importer
? Exchange restrictions
? Risks relating to insurance
? Special collections customs in different countries
Protection against risks
? Investigate the reputation and financial standing of the importer
? Market trend of exported goods in importing country
? Take into account the foreign exchange regulations and the economic and political conditions in the importing country
? Pay attention to the local collection customs
? Better conclude a deal u
nder CIF
4.3.2 Financing under the Collection
?Financing Provided by the Remitting Bank to the Exporter
–export bill purchasing under documentary collection
?Financing Provided by the Collecting Bank to the Importer
–Import bill advance进口押汇
–Trust receipt信托收据
–Delivery of goods against bank guarantee