中科院期末考试题
吕氏春秋翻译-声乐曲
PAPER ONE
PART I LISTENING
COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points)
Section
A (1 point each)
1. A. She does not really
need his help.
B. She has not started thinking
about it yet.
C. She is very grateful to the
man for his advice.
D. She has already talked
with the man.
2. A. Climbing the mountain was
terrible and exhausting.
B. The mountain’s
scenery was extremely beautiful.
C. He could
hardly breathe after climbing onto the top.
D.
The wind atop the mountain was very strong.
3.
A. Mixed.
B. Fascinated.
C.
Enthusiastic.
D. Indifferent.
4. A.
The woman looks down upon Margaret.
B. The
woman feels jealous of Margaret.
C. Margaret
has the chance to meet stars at the White House.
D. Margaret has set a high goal in her career.
5. A. He doesn’t think the woman can do both
things well.
B. He doesn’t think the woman
can do both things at the same time.
C. He
suggests the woman stay at home to take care of
her daughter.
D. He encourages the woman to do
a part-time job.
6. A. Chris and the man are
good friends.
B. Chris is ill so the man gives
him some money.
C. Chris told the man he
decided to return the money.
D. The man treats
Chris as Chris has treated him.
7. A. The
man will get a high score in the exam.
B. The
man didn’t devote himself to his study.
C.
The woman would have helped him in the exam.
D. The teacher is so strict that the students
have to do what he says.
8. A. The man shows
his good will to the woman.
B. The man
suggests her not regretting what’s already
happened.
C. The woman is confident about
handling a project well.
D. The woman is upset
because her milk was spilt.
9. A. He was
playing a joke.
A-1
B. He was
leaving Boston.
C. He was moving to Boston.
D. He was selling his house himself.
Section B (1 point each)
Mini-talk one
10. A. Social Research.
B. World Values
Survey.
C. The World’s Happiest Country.
D. Perspectives on Psychological Science.
11. A. Happiness levels around the world do
not really change.
B. Many people around the
world like to talk about happiness.
C. Many
people around the world are happier now than in
the past.
D. Many people around the world are
less happy now than in the past.
12. A. The
health-care system in the country is good.
B.
People in the country share strong family ties.
C. There is no hunger in the country.
D.
There is no political and social unrest.
Mini-
talk Two
13. A. It can find small changes
below ground before the earthquake.
B. The
devices are placed much deeper below ground.
C. The new electrical devices are highly
sensitive.
D. It can help find the
earthquake-prone area.
14. A. The flow of the
underground water.
B. The movement in the
Earth’s center.
C. The increase of the
temperature below ground.
D. The rocks below
ground pushing together.
15. A. It can help
reduce the power of major earthquakes.
B. It
can provide a signal a few days before a major
earthquake.
C. It can provide a signal up to
ten hours before a major earthquake.
D. It can
tell people where the earthquake center is.
Section C (1 point each)
16. It is
estimated that at least one million people die
every year because of
complications ________.
17. The program used by the United Nations
agency to reduce mistakes is around
a new
________.
18. In 2004, the death rate that
surgical complications led to in developing
countries was ________.
19. The very first
step for the checklist is to confirm the ________
and the
A-2
operation to be
performed.
20. Surgical equipment is counted
to make sure ________ stays in the patient.
PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )
Section A (0.5 point each)
21. With the
debt approaching a staggering sum, this company
had no choice but
to declare bankruptcy.
A. astonishing B. swaying C. trembling D.
amusing
22. What you have just said seems to
have nothing to do with the matter in
question.
A. under attack B. under
consideration
C. under suspicion D. under
way
23. In the light of the current news his
argument seems to be well grounded and
convincing.
A. On account of B. By
means of
C. With regard to D. In view
of
24. Overseas athletes and officials were
impressed by the superb performance of
Chinese
counterparts.
A. unique B. splendid C.
unbelievable D. imaginative
25. You don’t have
to ask him to render an account of his actions,
for he rarely
tells the truth.
A.
deliver B. narrate C. settle D. compress
26. Schools are advised to work together with
parents to address the issue of
addiction to
computer games.
A. speak to B. deal with
C. take down D. go for
27. In contrast, the
threat posed by the second source of major
terrorism is real
and large.
A. proposed
B. presented C. predicted D. prevented
28.
Around the Spring Festival, a prevailing practice
is to exchange greetings and
visits.
A.
prevalent B. populous C. preceding D. present
29. My mom would rather put honesty first in
her hierarchy of values, which is
important
for our growth.
A. inventory B. grading
C. accumulation D. assessment
30. We have
come to realize the need to leave enough
environmental space for
our offspring.
A. contemporaries B. ancestors C. descendants D.
neighbors
Section B (0.5 point each)
A-3
31. Some stories bring a smile, because
they _______ some officials who care
nothing
but their own position.
A. make sense of
B. poke fun at
C. give rise to D. let
go of
32. The Environmental Protection Agency
has put forward what _______ the
most serious
government warning to date.
A. adds to
B. objects to C. occurs to D. amounts to
33.
These papers have helped to ________ the causes of
depression and ways out
of depression.
A. catch sight of B. take advantage of
C.
shed light on D. get along with
34. A
person must satisfy his physiological needs, such
as food, clothing and
shelter, before _______
any other objective.
A. chasing B.
pursuing C. sustaining D. searching
35.
Wealth, advanced education and a ________
occupation can give a person
high status in
society.
A. tedious B. weary C.
prestigious D. notorious
36. Studies have
shown that workers’ desire to be accepted by co-
workers could
_______ them more strongly than
the desire to earn more money.
A. hamper
B. motivate C. intervene D. streamline
37. A
network of miniature toxin detectors has been
_______ in 30 American
cities for the sake of
bio-security.
A. deployed B. committed
C. indulged D. immersed
38. Since 2004, some
60 million visitors to the U.S. have had their two
index
fingerprints recorded by an _______
scanner.
A. opposite B. organic C.
occasional D. optical
39. With this sensitive
machine, we can find the _______ of a milligram of
aspirin in an Olympic-size swimming pool.
A. counterpart B. equivalent C. average D.
installation
40. The construction of _______
and theories reflects the scientists’
interpretation of what has been observed.
A. prototypes B. hypotheses C. fantasies D.
imaginations
PART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes,
10 points, 1 point each)
Blue collar and
government jobs are among the most 41 careers
for US
graduates, according to US News
magazine’s 2008 Best Careers report. US
employers are increasingly offshoring
professional jobs. This means less jobs
42
college-graduate skills, the magazine says.
A-4
As in many other countries, US high
school students are told that college is
the
43 . So there’s a growing 44 of skilled
people in jobs that don’t
require a college
education. But the report also says that some
rewarding
blue-collar careers, such as
technical work in the biomedical equipment and
security systems sectors, are more 45 to
college graduates. These are more
knowledge-
based than the usual blue-collar jobs.
Government is becoming an employer of 46 .
Corporations, fueled by
pressures to compete
globally, continue to get ever 47 . Non-profit
organizations are increasingly strapped for
cash. Government is able to pay
employees
well, 48 their practices are economically
sound, the magazine
says. The report also
indicates that social 49 may be the enemy of
contentment in career. People are flocking in
greater numbers to careers in the
law,
medicine and architecture. Yet recent surveys of
job satisfaction in those
professions 50 a
less-than-rosy picture.
41. A. profitable
B. promising C. prompt D. progressive
42.
A. acquire B. inquire C. require D. request
43. A. route B. road C. passage D. way
44. A. shortage B. necessity C. decrease
D. increase
45. A. capable of going B.
likely to go
C. prone to going D. able
to go
46. A. right B. election C. choice
D. occasion
47. A. fatter B. heavier C.
lighter D. leaner
48. A. whether or not B.
now and then C. off and on D. so and so
49.
A. post B. status C. level D. grade
50.
A. purchase B. demonstrate C. paint D. alter
PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30
points, 1 point
each)
Passage One
Justin was always prepared. His motto was
“Never throw anything out, you
never know when
it might come in handy.” His bedroom was so full
of flat
bicycle tires, bent tennis rackets,
deflated basketballs, and games with missing
pieces that you could barely get in the door.
His parents pleaded with him to
clean out his
room.
“What use is a fish tank with a hole in
the bottom?” his father asked. But
Justin
simply smiled and repeated his motto, “Never throw
anything out, you
never know when it might
come in handy.”
When Justin was away from
home, he always carried his blue backpack. He
liked to think of it as a smaller version of
his bedroom—a place to store the
A-5
many objects that he collected. It was
so worn and stretched that it hardly
resembled
a backpack anymore. It was full of the kind of
things that seemed
unimportant, but when used
with a little imagination, might come in handy.
Justin had earned a reputation for figuring
things out and getting people out
of otherwise
hopeless situations. Many of his classmates and
neighbors sought
him out when they needed help
with a problem. On the first day of school, his
friend Kenny, came looking for Justin.
“Do
you think you have something in your bag that
could help me
remember my locker combination?”
he asked. “I lost the scrap of paper it was
written on. I have science class in two
minutes and if I’m late on the first day it’ll
make me look bad for the rest of the year.”
Kenny looked genuinely worried.
“Relax,”
Justin said, taking his backpack off and unzipping
the top.
“Remember how you borrowed my
notebook in homeroom to write the
combination
down? Well, I know how we can recover what you
wrote.”
He took the notebook and a soft lead
pencil out of his bag. The page that
Kenny had
written on had left faint indentations（印凹痕） on
another page in
the notebook. Justin held the
pencil on its side and rubbed it lightly over the
indentations. Slowly but surely the numbers of
the locker combination appeared
in white, set
off by the gray pencil rubbings.
“That’s
amazing!” Kenny said. “I owe you one.” And he
dashed off to open
his locker.
51. Why is
Justin’s room such a mess?
A. He always
forgets to clean it.
B. He never throws
anything away.
C. He has no time to clean it.
D. He shares a room with Kenny.
52. The
word “pleaded” in Paragraph 1 can best be replaced
by ________.
A. ignored
B. asked
C.
pushed
D. begged
53. In what way is
Justin’s backpack a smaller version of his
bedroom?
A. He uses it as a place to store
objects.
B. He uses it to carry his books and
sports equipment.
C. His parents tell him to
clean it all the time.
D. He has had it for
too long a time.
54. How does Justin
help his friends?
A-6
A. He offers
them advice.
B. He loans them his backpack.
C. He listens to their problems.
D. He
uses the objects in his backpack.
55. How come
Justin could help Kenny recover his locker
combination?
A. Justin remembered Kenny’s
locker combination.
B. Kenny had left the
scrap of paper in Justin’s backpack.
C. Kenny
had left indentations of the combination on
Justin’s notebook.
D. Justin found the scrap
of paper the locker combination was written on.
56. The author’s purpose in writing this story
is to .
A. inform
B. entertain
C. educate
D. satirize
Passage Two
Only moments after announcing a policy of zero
tolerance on cellphone use
in the classroom,
Ali Nazemi heard a ring. Nazemi, a business
professor at
Roanoke College in Virginia, took
out a hammer and walked towards a young
man.
He smashed the offending device. Students’ faces
turned white all over the
classroom.
This
episode reflects a growing challenge for American
college teachers in,
as the New York Times
puts it, a “New Class (room) War: Teacher vs.
Technology”. Fortunately, the smashed-phone
incident had been planned ahead
of time to
demonstrate teachers’ anger at inattentive
students distracted by
high-tech gadgets.
At age 55, Nazemi stands on the far shore of a
new sort of generational
divide between
teacher and student. The divide separates those
who want to use
technology to grow smarter
from those who want to use it to get dumber.
Perhaps there’s a nicer way to put it. “The
baby boomers seem to see technology
as
information and communication,” said Michael
Bugeja, the author of
Interpersonal Divide:
the Search for Community in a Technological Age.
“Their
children seem to see the same devices
as entertainment and socializing.”
All the
advances schools and colleges have made to
supposedly enhance
learning have instead
enabled distraction.
Bugeja’s online survey of
several hundred students found that a majority
had used their cell phones, sent or read
e-mail, and logged onto social-network
sites
during class time. A quarter of the respondents
admitted they were taking
A-7
the
survey while sitting in a different class.
The
Canadian company Smart Technologies makes and
sells a program
called SynchronEyes. It allows
a classroom teacher to monitor every student’s
computer activity and to freeze it at a click.
Last year, the company sold more
than 10,000
licenses. The biggest problem, said Nancy
Knowlton, the company’s
chief executive
officer, is staying ahead of students trying to
crack the program’s
code. “There’s an active
discussion on the Web, and we’re monitoring it.”
Knowlton said. “They keep us on our toes.”
57. Prof. Nazemi smashed the student’s
cellphone with a hammer because
________.
A. students in his class didn’t listen to his
announcement
B. he hated new gadgets such as
cellphones
C. he no longer tolerated cellphone
use in the classroom
D. he wanted to show how
distractive the cellphone was
58. According to
the passage high-tech gadgets can make youngsters
________.
A. more intelligent
B. more
stupid
C. study more easily
D. get more
information
59. “The baby boomers” in
Paragraph 3 probably refers to ________.
A.
the generation of people like Ali Nazemi
B.
the generation of people like Ali Nazemi’s
students
C. the very young babies
D. the
people who were born in the 1980s
60. All the
following statements are true EXCEPT ________.
A. schools have used advanced devices to
enhance students’ learning
B. many students
use their cellphones during class time
C.
young people see the interpersonal devices as toys
D. schools’ advanced facilities are
effectively used by students
61. The biggest
problem for the Canadian company Smart
Technologies is
________.
A. students may
soon decode their program SynchronEyes
B.
whether they have the right to allow teachers to
monitor students
C. they must sell the program
without the students’ knowing of it
D. they
have to discuss whether the SynchronEyes is useful
on the Web
62. The best title of this passage
is ________.
A. Different Opinions Between
Teachers and Students
A-8
B.
Classroom Chaos over Gadget Use
C. The
Development of Classroom Wars
D. Keep Us on
Our Toes
Passage Three
Hand in hand with
the one you love, you gaze at the horizon to watch
the
earth rise.
It sounds like science
fiction, but companies around the world are
working
hard to make this sort of holiday a
reality. The idea of space tourism has been
around for nearly forty years now. At first
NASA made plans for the ultimate in
holiday
destinations, but then private companies became
involved in the
mid-1980s. The Challenger
shuttle disaster of 1986 postponed their plans,
but
now space is back as a future holiday
resort.
The Hilton hotel group has produced
ambitious and serious plans for hotels
on the
moon, as well as orbiting hotels, hoping to give
their space tourists’
different holiday
experience. But zero-gravity will be a little
uncomfortable.
“There will be space motion
sickness in the first few days, with headaches and
nausea.” says George Turner, a hopeful space
tour operator.
Hotels will try to prevent
these problems by providing areas with the
sensation of gravity. This means going to
parts of the hotel that will be spinning.
Centrifugal
(离心的)
force will push you
against the wall, and give the feeling of
some
weight. Since it will be possible to lie down,
many people will probably
prefer to sleep in
these areas. The alternative will be to strap
themselves into a
sleeping bag attached to a
wall.
Sunbathing will be possible, but will
require some very strong sunscreen
protection
factor. 1000 will do it.
However the plans
all depend on one thing: cheap space travel. At
the
moment the only re-usable rocket is NASA’s
space shuttle. The cost of each
shuttle launch
is US$$1 billion. A space craft that only costs
US$$2 million per
launch is what the travel
industry is looking for. So far that remains a
far-off
dream, but it may come a lot closer if
someone wins the X-Prize.
Launched in 1997,
the X-Prize offers US$$10 million to anyone who can
build a re-usable space craft. All you have to
do is launch three people 100 km
into space
twice within three weeks. So far 16 companies are
racing to win the
prize money. But the real
prize will be the income from space tourism,
estimated
to be US$$12 billion per year: as
Turner explains: “Just think what you’ll be able
to tell your friends that you had a holiday
that was really out of this world!”
A-9
63. The idea of spending holidays in
space ________.
A. was first proposed by
NASA in the mid-1980s
B. had been questioned
by NASA for nearly 40 years
C. became
appealing to private companies in the mid-1980s
D. drew the attention of private companies
four decades ago
64. According to Hilton, in
their hotels on the moon ________.
A. zero
gravity will not be a problem to tourists
B.
motion sickness is still unavoidable for tourists
C. adjustment to space life will be easier
with training for tourists
D. excitement may
help tourists overcome their physical discomfort
65. The spinning areas in space hotels will
help tourists ________.
A. take the sun bath
B. sleep lying down
C. fix their
sleeping bags
D. enjoy the space walk
66. What can we learn about the X-Prize?
A. Its aim is to cut the cost of per space
craft launch to US$$2 million.
B. The winner
has managed to put people into space twice in 3
weeks.
C. It’s offered by NASA to build a
new type of reusable space craft.
D. Many
companies are competing to win the US$$10 million
prize.
67. What is the attitude of Turner
towards the future of space tourism?
A.
Confident. B. Cautious. C. Suspicious. D.
Uninterested.
68. The passage is focused on
________.
A. why it is possible to make space
tourism a reality
B. what should be done to
prepare for space tourism
C. the plans for
space tourism and the existing problems
D.
the opportunities and challenges posed by space
tourism
Passage Four
Defending the French
language from the creeping invasion of English has
long been a favorite pastime of France’s
elite. In 2006 Jacques Chirac walked out
of a
Brussels summit in protest at a Frenchman speaking
in English. It is a point
of national pride to
protect French music, film, even advertising, from
the
corrupting influence of English. So why
are the French giving up the struggle?
As
French children filed back to school on September
2nd, Xavier Darcos,
the education minister,
announced that he was increasing English-language
teaching in the curriculum. “I’ve had enough
of hearing that the French do not
learn
English,” he said. “It’s a big disadvantage for
international competition.”
A-10
By the end of compulsory schooling, he
promised, all pupils should be bilingual.
The
French are embracing English in less high-minded
ways too. When
they entered a song in English
at this year’s Eurovision song contest, it
provoked
ironic amusement abroad, but
indifference at home. In fact for many young
French musicians singing in English is now
even de rigueur. “The children of
globalization are giving up writing in
French,”declared Le Monde, the bible of
the
French elite—without apparent regret.
Despite
rules requiring advertising slogans in English to
be sub-titled,
French manufacturers still
borrow English words. France’s fashion press is
another cross-dresser, writing of “Vive la
fashion attitude”. In a post-modern
twist,
teenagers are importing American slang via the
heavily north African
suburbs, where hip-hop
flourishes and street dress is styled on New York
city.
Once this might have had official
France speaking with indignation. The
rules
designed to fend off English remain—and are an
obstacle to new musicians
who do not qualify
for the quota of radio time reserved for singers
in French. Yet
in the globalized, internet
age, the French seem to realize, as Mr Darcos put
it,
that the losers from a refusal to learn
English are themselves—and that speaking
it
need not make them less French. Part of this is
down to Mr Chirac’s successor,
Nicolas
Sarkozy, who, although no linguist, rejects the
anti-Americanism that
adds much hostility to
English. Appropriately, the new album by his wife
Carla
Bruni, has a track in English—presumably
not one his predecessor will listen to.
69.
According to the education minister Xavier Darcos,
________.
A. French pupils will benefit from
more English learning
B. it is necessary to
protect the French language in schools
C.
compulsory English lessons may not be as good as
expected
D. globalization has put the French
language at an advantage
70. What does the
phrase “de rigueur” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Problematic. B. Unsuccessful. C.
Tolerable. D. Proper.
71. It can be learned
that le Monde ________.
A. strongly supports
the use of English
B. is worrying about the
rapid spread of English
C. feels sorry that
the French prefer English over French
D.
considers it acceptable for the French to use more
English
72. Which of the following fields is
NOT mentioned to demonstrate the rising
English influence?
A. Music. B.
Commerce. C. Advertising. D. Fashion.
73. Compared with Mr. Chirac, President
Sarkozy ________ Frenchman’s using
A-11
English.
A. is more critical of
B. cares too much about
C. gives more
support to
D. gains more profits from
74. The best title for the passage is
“________”.
A. The never-ending battle to
defend the French language
B. Predominance
of the English language in modern France
C.
The French hostility to the English language is
relaxed
D. Tension emerged between the
French and English languages
Passage Five
For much of its history, psychology has seemed
obsessed with human
failings and pathology.
The very idea of psychotherapy, first formalized
by Freud,
rests on a view of human beings as
troubled creatures in need of repair. Freud
himself was profoundly pessimistic about human
nature, which he felt was
governed by deep,
dark drives that we could hardly control. The
scientists who
followed developed a model of
human life that seemed to many mechanical if
not robotic: humans were passive beings
harshly shaped by the stimuli and the
rewards
and punishments that surrounded them.
After
World War II, psychologists tried to explain how
so many ordinary
citizens could have agreed
with fascism, and did work symbolized in the 1950
classic The Authoritarian Personality by T.W.
Adorno, et al. Social psychologists
followed
on. Some of the most famous experiments proved
that normal folk
could become coldly
insensitive to suffering when obeying “legitimate”
orders
or cruelly aggressive when playing the
role of prison guard.
A watershed moment
arrived in 1998, when University of Pennsylvania
psychologist Martin Seligman, in his
presidential address to the American
Psychological Association, urged psychology to
“turn toward understanding and
building the
human strengths to complement our emphasis on
healing damage.”
That speech launched today’s
positive psychology movement.
Though not
denying humanity’s flaws, the new positive
psychologists
recommend focusing on people’s
strengths and virtues as a point of departure.
Rather than analyze the psychopathology
underlying alcoholism, for example,
positive
psychologists might study the toughness of those
who have managed a
successful recovery—for
example, through organizations like Alcoholics
Anonymous. Instead of viewing religion as a
delusion and a support, as did
Freud, they
might identify the mechanisms through which a
spiritual practice
A-12
like
meditation enhances mental and physical health.
Their lab experiments
might seek to define not
the conditions that induce wicked behavior, but
those
that foster generosity, courage,
creativity, and laughter.
Seligman’s idea
quickly caught on. The Gallup Organization founded
the
Gallup Positive Psychology Institute to
sponsor scholarly work in the field. In
1999,
60 scholars gathered for the first Gallup Positive
Psychology Summit; two
years later, the
conference went international, and ever since has
drawn about
400 attendees annually.
75.
Psychotherapy is based on the idea that human
beings ________.
A. are suffering
B. often
lie
C. are eager to control each other
D.
can effectively control themselves
76.
According to Freud, human nature ________.
A.
was positive on the whole
B. was controlled by
secret desires
C. was inclined to control
other people
D. was becoming worse and worse
77. The research discussed in the second
paragraph showed that ________.
A. compassion
was essential to human nature
B. fascism had
brought disasters to human nature
C. suffering
could not change human nature
D. man could be
harsh by nature
78. What does the passage say
about positive psychology?
A. It stresses that
human nature is perfect.
B. It rejects the
role of religion.
C. It began in 1998.
D.
It began in 1950.
79. What may be an example
of “wicked behavior”(Para. 4)?
A. Making a
toy.
B. Giving money to the poor.
C.
Drinking without control.
D. Believing in a
religion.
80. What does the passage say about
Martin Seligman?
A. His idea was hard for many
people to understand.
B. He stressed the role
of good human qualities.
C. He founded the
Gallup Organization.
A-13
D. His
idea caused a lot of controversy.
PART V
TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)
Section A
(15 minutes, 10 points)
When dominant
innovators in a science respond to the challenge
of a situation
that demands some change in its
practice, this may take a number of forms, and
rival
schools may grow up around different
leaders responding differently to a particular
situation. These rivalries may be reinforced
and perpetuated by the use of standard
textbooks. Any empirical science must be able
to cope with its own phenomena, and
once any
observation is accepted as relevant, its theory
and modes of description and
analysis must be
able to handle it with scientific adequacy, of
which exhaustiveness,
consistency, economy are
basic principles. The extension of a science to
new but
relevant fields may require the
further elaboration and presentation of existing
theory
along previously-followed lines.
PART VI WRITING ( 30 minutes, 10 points )
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30
minutes to write a composition of
no less than
150 words under the title of “Transportation Has
Changed People’s Lives”. Your composition
should be based on the
information given
below:
Choose one of the following types of
transportation vehicles and explain
why you
think it has changed people’s lives.
•
automobiles
• bicycles
• airplanes
Give specific reasons and examples to support
your idea.
A-14
PAPER ONE
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes,
20 points)
Section A (1 point each)
1. A.
She does not really need his help.
B. She has
not started thinking about it yet.
C. She is
very grateful to the man for his advice.
D.
She has already talked with the man.
2. A.
Climbing the mountain was terrible and exhausting.
B. The mountain’s scenery was extremely
beautiful.
C. He could hardly breathe after
climbing onto the top.
D. The wind atop the
mountain was very strong.
3. A. Mixed.
B. Fascinated.
C. Enthusiastic.
D. Indifferent.
4. A. The woman looks
down upon Margaret.
B. The woman feels jealous
of Margaret.
C. Margaret has the chance to
meet stars at the White House.
D. Margaret has
set a high goal in her career.
5. A. He
doesn’t think the woman can do both things well.
B. He doesn’t think the woman can do both
things at the same time.
C. He suggests the
woman stay at home to take care of her daughter.
D. He encourages the woman to do a part-time
job.
6. A. Chris and the man are good
friends.
B. Chris is ill so the man gives him
some money.
C. Chris told the man he decided
to return the money.
D. The man treats Chris
as Chris has treated him.
7. A. The man will
get a high score in the exam.
B. The man
didn’t devote himself to his study.
C. The
woman would have helped him in the exam.
D.
The teacher is so strict that the students have to
do what he says.
8. A. The man shows his good
will to the woman.
B. The man suggests her
not regretting what’s already happened.
C.
The woman is confident about handling a project
well.
D. The woman is upset because her milk
was spilt.
9. A. He was playing a joke.
A-1
B. He was leaving Boston.
C. He
was moving to Boston.
D. He was selling his
house himself.
Section B (1 point each)
Mini-talk one
10. A. Social Research.
B. World Values Survey.
C. The World’s
Happiest Country.
D. Perspectives on
Psychological Science.
11. A. Happiness
levels around the world do not really change.
B. Many people around the world like to talk
about happiness.
C. Many people around the
world are happier now than in the past.
D.
Many people around the world are less happy now
than in the past.
12. A. The health-care
system in the country is good.
B. People in
the country share strong family ties.
C. There
is no hunger in the country.
D. There is no
political and social unrest.
Mini-talk Two
13. A. It can find small changes below ground
before the earthquake.
B. The devices are
placed much deeper below ground.
C. The new
electrical devices are highly sensitive.
D.
It can help find the earthquake-prone area.
14. A. The flow of the underground water.
B. The movement in the Earth’s center.
C.
The increase of the temperature below ground.
D. The rocks below ground pushing together.
15. A. It can help reduce the power of major
earthquakes.
B. It can provide a signal a few
days before a major earthquake.
C. It can
provide a signal up to ten hours before a major
earthquake.
D. It can tell people where the
earthquake center is.
Section C (1 point each)
16. It is estimated that at least one million
people die every year because of
complications
________.
17. The program used by the United
Nations agency to reduce mistakes is around
a
new ________.
18. In 2004, the death rate that
surgical complications led to in developing
countries was ________.
19. The very first
step for the checklist is to confirm the ________
and the
A-2
operation to be
performed.
20. Surgical equipment is counted
to make sure ________ stays in the patient.
PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )
Section A (0.5 point each)
21. With the
debt approaching a staggering sum, this company
had no choice but
to declare bankruptcy.
A. astonishing B. swaying C. trembling D.
amusing
22. What you have just said seems to
have nothing to do with the matter in
question.
A. under attack B. under
consideration
C. under suspicion D. under
way
23. In the light of the current news his
argument seems to be well grounded and
convincing.
A. On account of B. By
means of
C. With regard to D. In view
of
24. Overseas athletes and officials were
impressed by the superb performance of
Chinese
counterparts.
A. unique B. splendid C.
unbelievable D. imaginative
25. You don’t have
to ask him to render an account of his actions,
for he rarely
tells the truth.
A.
deliver B. narrate C. settle D. compress
26. Schools are advised to work together with
parents to address the issue of
addiction to
computer games.
A. speak to B. deal with
C. take down D. go for
27. In contrast, the
threat posed by the second source of major
terrorism is real
and large.
A. proposed
B. presented C. predicted D. prevented
28.
Around the Spring Festival, a prevailing practice
is to exchange greetings and
visits.
A.
prevalent B. populous C. preceding D. present
29. My mom would rather put honesty first in
her hierarchy of values, which is
important
for our growth.
A. inventory B. grading
C. accumulation D. assessment
30. We have
come to realize the need to leave enough
environmental space for
our offspring.
A. contemporaries B. ancestors C. descendants D.
neighbors
Section B (0.5 point each)
A-3
31. Some stories bring a smile, because
they _______ some officials who care
nothing
but their own position.
A. make sense of
B. poke fun at
C. give rise to D. let
go of
32. The Environmental Protection Agency
has put forward what _______ the
most serious
government warning to date.
A. adds to
B. objects to C. occurs to D. amounts to
33.
These papers have helped to ________ the causes of
depression and ways out
of depression.
A. catch sight of B. take advantage of
C.
shed light on D. get along with
34. A
person must satisfy his physiological needs, such
as food, clothing and
shelter, before _______
any other objective.
A. chasing B.
pursuing C. sustaining D. searching
35.
Wealth, advanced education and a ________
occupation can give a person
high status in
society.
A. tedious B. weary C.
prestigious D. notorious
36. Studies have
shown that workers’ desire to be accepted by co-
workers could
_______ them more strongly than
the desire to earn more money.
A. hamper
B. motivate C. intervene D. streamline
37. A
network of miniature toxin detectors has been
_______ in 30 American
cities for the sake of
bio-security.
A. deployed B. committed
C. indulged D. immersed
38. Since 2004, some
60 million visitors to the U.S. have had their two
index
fingerprints recorded by an _______
scanner.
A. opposite B. organic C.
occasional D. optical
39. With this sensitive
machine, we can find the _______ of a milligram of
aspirin in an Olympic-size swimming pool.
A. counterpart B. equivalent C. average D.
installation
40. The construction of _______
and theories reflects the scientists’
interpretation of what has been observed.
A. prototypes B. hypotheses C. fantasies D.
imaginations
PART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes,
10 points, 1 point each)
Blue collar and
government jobs are among the most 41 careers
for US
graduates, according to US News
magazine’s 2008 Best Careers report. US
employers are increasingly offshoring
professional jobs. This means less jobs
42
college-graduate skills, the magazine says.
A-4
As in many other countries, US high
school students are told that college is
the
43 . So there’s a growing 44 of skilled
people in jobs that don’t
require a college
education. But the report also says that some
rewarding
blue-collar careers, such as
technical work in the biomedical equipment and
security systems sectors, are more 45 to
college graduates. These are more
knowledge-
based than the usual blue-collar jobs.
Government is becoming an employer of 46 .
Corporations, fueled by
pressures to compete
globally, continue to get ever 47 . Non-profit
organizations are increasingly strapped for
cash. Government is able to pay
employees
well, 48 their practices are economically
sound, the magazine
says. The report also
indicates that social 49 may be the enemy of
contentment in career. People are flocking in
greater numbers to careers in the
law,
medicine and architecture. Yet recent surveys of
job satisfaction in those
professions 50 a
less-than-rosy picture.
41. A. profitable
B. promising C. prompt D. progressive
42.
A. acquire B. inquire C. require D. request
43. A. route B. road C. passage D. way
44. A. shortage B. necessity C. decrease
D. increase
45. A. capable of going B.
likely to go
C. prone to going D. able
to go
46. A. right B. election C. choice
D. occasion
47. A. fatter B. heavier C.
lighter D. leaner
48. A. whether or not B.
now and then C. off and on D. so and so
49.
A. post B. status C. level D. grade
50.
A. purchase B. demonstrate C. paint D. alter
PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30
points, 1 point
each)
Passage One
Justin was always prepared. His motto was
“Never throw anything out, you
never know when
it might come in handy.” His bedroom was so full
of flat
bicycle tires, bent tennis rackets,
deflated basketballs, and games with missing
pieces that you could barely get in the door.
His parents pleaded with him to
clean out his
room.
“What use is a fish tank with a hole in
the bottom?” his father asked. But
Justin
simply smiled and repeated his motto, “Never throw
anything out, you
never know when it might
come in handy.”
When Justin was away from
home, he always carried his blue backpack. He
liked to think of it as a smaller version of
his bedroom—a place to store the
A-5
many objects that he collected. It was
so worn and stretched that it hardly
resembled
a backpack anymore. It was full of the kind of
things that seemed
unimportant, but when used
with a little imagination, might come in handy.
Justin had earned a reputation for figuring
things out and getting people out
of otherwise
hopeless situations. Many of his classmates and
neighbors sought
him out when they needed help
with a problem. On the first day of school, his
friend Kenny, came looking for Justin.
“Do
you think you have something in your bag that
could help me
remember my locker combination?”
he asked. “I lost the scrap of paper it was
written on. I have science class in two
minutes and if I’m late on the first day it’ll
make me look bad for the rest of the year.”
Kenny looked genuinely worried.
“Relax,”
Justin said, taking his backpack off and unzipping
the top.
“Remember how you borrowed my
notebook in homeroom to write the
combination
down? Well, I know how we can recover what you
wrote.”
He took the notebook and a soft lead
pencil out of his bag. The page that
Kenny had
written on had left faint indentations（印凹痕） on
another page in
the notebook. Justin held the
pencil on its side and rubbed it lightly over the
indentations. Slowly but surely the numbers of
the locker combination appeared
in white, set
off by the gray pencil rubbings.
“That’s
amazing!” Kenny said. “I owe you one.” And he
dashed off to open
his locker.
51. Why is
Justin’s room such a mess?
A. He always
forgets to clean it.
B. He never throws
anything away.
C. He has no time to clean it.
D. He shares a room with Kenny.
52. The
word “pleaded” in Paragraph 1 can best be replaced
by ________.
A. ignored
B. asked
C.
pushed
D. begged
53. In what way is
Justin’s backpack a smaller version of his
bedroom?
A. He uses it as a place to store
objects.
B. He uses it to carry his books and
sports equipment.
C. His parents tell him to
clean it all the time.
D. He has had it for
too long a time.
54. How does Justin
help his friends?
A-6
A. He offers
them advice.
B. He loans them his backpack.
C. He listens to their problems.
D. He
uses the objects in his backpack.
55. How come
Justin could help Kenny recover his locker
combination?
A. Justin remembered Kenny’s
locker combination.
B. Kenny had left the
scrap of paper in Justin’s backpack.
C. Kenny
had left indentations of the combination on
Justin’s notebook.
D. Justin found the scrap
of paper the locker combination was written on.
56. The author’s purpose in writing this story
is to .
A. inform
B. entertain
C. educate
D. satirize
Passage Two
Only moments after announcing a policy of zero
tolerance on cellphone use
in the classroom,
Ali Nazemi heard a ring. Nazemi, a business
professor at
Roanoke College in Virginia, took
out a hammer and walked towards a young
man.
He smashed the offending device. Students’ faces
turned white all over the
classroom.
This
episode reflects a growing challenge for American
college teachers in,
as the New York Times
puts it, a “New Class (room) War: Teacher vs.
Technology”. Fortunately, the smashed-phone
incident had been planned ahead
of time to
demonstrate teachers’ anger at inattentive
students distracted by
high-tech gadgets.
At age 55, Nazemi stands on the far shore of a
new sort of generational
divide between
teacher and student. The divide separates those
who want to use
technology to grow smarter
from those who want to use it to get dumber.
Perhaps there’s a nicer way to put it. “The
baby boomers seem to see technology
as
information and communication,” said Michael
Bugeja, the author of
Interpersonal Divide:
the Search for Community in a Technological Age.
“Their
children seem to see the same devices
as entertainment and socializing.”
All the
advances schools and colleges have made to
supposedly enhance
learning have instead
enabled distraction.
Bugeja’s online survey of
several hundred students found that a majority
had used their cell phones, sent or read
e-mail, and logged onto social-network
sites
during class time. A quarter of the respondents
admitted they were taking
A-7
the
survey while sitting in a different class.
The
Canadian company Smart Technologies makes and
sells a program
called SynchronEyes. It allows
a classroom teacher to monitor every student’s
computer activity and to freeze it at a click.
Last year, the company sold more
than 10,000
licenses. The biggest problem, said Nancy
Knowlton, the company’s
chief executive
officer, is staying ahead of students trying to
crack the program’s
code. “There’s an active
discussion on the Web, and we’re monitoring it.”
Knowlton said. “They keep us on our toes.”
57. Prof. Nazemi smashed the student’s
cellphone with a hammer because
________.
A. students in his class didn’t listen to his
announcement
B. he hated new gadgets such as
cellphones
C. he no longer tolerated cellphone
use in the classroom
D. he wanted to show how
distractive the cellphone was
58. According to
the passage high-tech gadgets can make youngsters
________.
A. more intelligent
B. more
stupid
C. study more easily
D. get more
information
59. “The baby boomers” in
Paragraph 3 probably refers to ________.
A.
the generation of people like Ali Nazemi
B.
the generation of people like Ali Nazemi’s
students
C. the very young babies
D. the
people who were born in the 1980s
60. All the
following statements are true EXCEPT ________.
A. schools have used advanced devices to
enhance students’ learning
B. many students
use their cellphones during class time
C.
young people see the interpersonal devices as toys
D. schools’ advanced facilities are
effectively used by students
61. The biggest
problem for the Canadian company Smart
Technologies is
________.
A. students may
soon decode their program SynchronEyes
B.
whether they have the right to allow teachers to
monitor students
C. they must sell the program
without the students’ knowing of it
D. they
have to discuss whether the SynchronEyes is useful
on the Web
62. The best title of this passage
is ________.
A. Different Opinions Between
Teachers and Students
A-8
B.
Classroom Chaos over Gadget Use
C. The
Development of Classroom Wars
D. Keep Us on
Our Toes
Passage Three
Hand in hand with
the one you love, you gaze at the horizon to watch
the
earth rise.
It sounds like science
fiction, but companies around the world are
working
hard to make this sort of holiday a
reality. The idea of space tourism has been
around for nearly forty years now. At first
NASA made plans for the ultimate in
holiday
destinations, but then private companies became
involved in the
mid-1980s. The Challenger
shuttle disaster of 1986 postponed their plans,
but
now space is back as a future holiday
resort.
The Hilton hotel group has produced
ambitious and serious plans for hotels
on the
moon, as well as orbiting hotels, hoping to give
their space tourists’
different holiday
experience. But zero-gravity will be a little
uncomfortable.
“There will be space motion
sickness in the first few days, with headaches and
nausea.” says George Turner, a hopeful space
tour operator.
Hotels will try to prevent
these problems by providing areas with the
sensation of gravity. This means going to
parts of the hotel that will be spinning.
Centrifugal
(离心的)
force will push you
against the wall, and give the feeling of
some
weight. Since it will be possible to lie down,
many people will probably
prefer to sleep in
these areas. The alternative will be to strap
themselves into a
sleeping bag attached to a
wall.
Sunbathing will be possible, but will
require some very strong sunscreen
protection
factor. 1000 will do it.
However the plans
all depend on one thing: cheap space travel. At
the
moment the only re-usable rocket is NASA’s
space shuttle. The cost of each
shuttle launch
is US$$1 billion. A space craft that only costs
US$$2 million per
launch is what the travel
industry is looking for. So far that remains a
far-off
dream, but it may come a lot closer if
someone wins the X-Prize.
Launched in 1997,
the X-Prize offers US$$10 million to anyone who can
build a re-usable space craft. All you have to
do is launch three people 100 km
into space
twice within three weeks. So far 16 companies are
racing to win the
prize money. But the real
prize will be the income from space tourism,
estimated
to be US$$12 billion per year: as
Turner explains: “Just think what you’ll be able
to tell your friends that you had a holiday
that was really out of this world!”
A-9
63. The idea of spending holidays in
space ________.
A. was first proposed by
NASA in the mid-1980s
B. had been questioned
by NASA for nearly 40 years
C. became
appealing to private companies in the mid-1980s
D. drew the attention of private companies
four decades ago
64. According to Hilton, in
their hotels on the moon ________.
A. zero
gravity will not be a problem to tourists
B.
motion sickness is still unavoidable for tourists
C. adjustment to space life will be easier
with training for tourists
D. excitement may
help tourists overcome their physical discomfort
65. The spinning areas in space hotels will
help tourists ________.
A. take the sun bath
B. sleep lying down
C. fix their
sleeping bags
D. enjoy the space walk
66. What can we learn about the X-Prize?
A. Its aim is to cut the cost of per space
craft launch to US$$2 million.
B. The winner
has managed to put people into space twice in 3
weeks.
C. It’s offered by NASA to build a
new type of reusable space craft.
D. Many
companies are competing to win the US$$10 million
prize.
67. What is the attitude of Turner
towards the future of space tourism?
A.
Confident. B. Cautious. C. Suspicious. D.
Uninterested.
68. The passage is focused on
________.
A. why it is possible to make space
tourism a reality
B. what should be done to
prepare for space tourism
C. the plans for
space tourism and the existing problems
D.
the opportunities and challenges posed by space
tourism
Passage Four
Defending the French
language from the creeping invasion of English has
long been a favorite pastime of France’s
elite. In 2006 Jacques Chirac walked out
of a
Brussels summit in protest at a Frenchman speaking
in English. It is a point
of national pride to
protect French music, film, even advertising, from
the
corrupting influence of English. So why
are the French giving up the struggle?
As
French children filed back to school on September
2nd, Xavier Darcos,
the education minister,
announced that he was increasing English-language
teaching in the curriculum. “I’ve had enough
of hearing that the French do not
learn
English,” he said. “It’s a big disadvantage for
international competition.”
A-10
By the end of compulsory schooling, he
promised, all pupils should be bilingual.
The
French are embracing English in less high-minded
ways too. When
they entered a song in English
at this year’s Eurovision song contest, it
provoked
ironic amusement abroad, but
indifference at home. In fact for many young
French musicians singing in English is now
even de rigueur. “The children of
globalization are giving up writing in
French,”declared Le Monde, the bible of
the
French elite—without apparent regret.
Despite
rules requiring advertising slogans in English to
be sub-titled,
French manufacturers still
borrow English words. France’s fashion press is
another cross-dresser, writing of “Vive la
fashion attitude”. In a post-modern
twist,
teenagers are importing American slang via the
heavily north African
suburbs, where hip-hop
flourishes and street dress is styled on New York
city.
Once this might have had official
France speaking with indignation. The
rules
designed to fend off English remain—and are an
obstacle to new musicians
who do not qualify
for the quota of radio time reserved for singers
in French. Yet
in the globalized, internet
age, the French seem to realize, as Mr Darcos put
it,
that the losers from a refusal to learn
English are themselves—and that speaking
it
need not make them less French. Part of this is
down to Mr Chirac’s successor,
Nicolas
Sarkozy, who, although no linguist, rejects the
anti-Americanism that
adds much hostility to
English. Appropriately, the new album by his wife
Carla
Bruni, has a track in English—presumably
not one his predecessor will listen to.
69.
According to the education minister Xavier Darcos,
________.
A. French pupils will benefit from
more English learning
B. it is necessary to
protect the French language in schools
C.
compulsory English lessons may not be as good as
expected
D. globalization has put the French
language at an advantage
70. What does the
phrase “de rigueur” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Problematic. B. Unsuccessful. C.
Tolerable. D. Proper.
71. It can be learned
that le Monde ________.
A. strongly supports
the use of English
B. is worrying about the
rapid spread of English
C. feels sorry that
the French prefer English over French
D.
considers it acceptable for the French to use more
English
72. Which of the following fields is
NOT mentioned to demonstrate the rising
English influence?
A. Music. B.
Commerce. C. Advertising. D. Fashion.
73. Compared with Mr. Chirac, President
Sarkozy ________ Frenchman’s using
A-11
English.
A. is more critical of
B. cares too much about
C. gives more
support to
D. gains more profits from
74. The best title for the passage is
“________”.
A. The never-ending battle to
defend the French language
B. Predominance
of the English language in modern France
C.
The French hostility to the English language is
relaxed
D. Tension emerged between the
French and English languages
Passage Five
For much of its history, psychology has seemed
obsessed with human
failings and pathology.
The very idea of psychotherapy, first formalized
by Freud,
rests on a view of human beings as
troubled creatures in need of repair. Freud
himself was profoundly pessimistic about human
nature, which he felt was
governed by deep,
dark drives that we could hardly control. The
scientists who
followed developed a model of
human life that seemed to many mechanical if
not robotic: humans were passive beings
harshly shaped by the stimuli and the
rewards
and punishments that surrounded them.
After
World War II, psychologists tried to explain how
so many ordinary
citizens could have agreed
with fascism, and did work symbolized in the 1950
classic The Authoritarian Personality by T.W.
Adorno, et al. Social psychologists
followed
on. Some of the most famous experiments proved
that normal folk
could become coldly
insensitive to suffering when obeying “legitimate”
orders
or cruelly aggressive when playing the
role of prison guard.
A watershed moment
arrived in 1998, when University of Pennsylvania
psychologist Martin Seligman, in his
presidential address to the American
Psychological Association, urged psychology to
“turn toward understanding and
building the
human strengths to complement our emphasis on
healing damage.”
That speech launched today’s
positive psychology movement.
Though not
denying humanity’s flaws, the new positive
psychologists
recommend focusing on people’s
strengths and virtues as a point of departure.
Rather than analyze the psychopathology
underlying alcoholism, for example,
positive
psychologists might study the toughness of those
who have managed a
successful recovery—for
example, through organizations like Alcoholics
Anonymous. Instead of viewing religion as a
delusion and a support, as did
Freud, they
might identify the mechanisms through which a
spiritual practice
A-12
like
meditation enhances mental and physical health.
Their lab experiments
might seek to define not
the conditions that induce wicked behavior, but
those
that foster generosity, courage,
creativity, and laughter.
Seligman’s idea
quickly caught on. The Gallup Organization founded
the
Gallup Positive Psychology Institute to
sponsor scholarly work in the field. In
1999,
60 scholars gathered for the first Gallup Positive
Psychology Summit; two
years later, the
conference went international, and ever since has
drawn about
400 attendees annually.
75.
Psychotherapy is based on the idea that human
beings ________.
A. are suffering
B. often
lie
C. are eager to control each other
D.
can effectively control themselves
76.
According to Freud, human nature ________.
A.
was positive on the whole
B. was controlled by
secret desires
C. was inclined to control
other people
D. was becoming worse and worse
77. The research discussed in the second
paragraph showed that ________.
A. compassion
was essential to human nature
B. fascism had
brought disasters to human nature
C. suffering
could not change human nature
D. man could be
harsh by nature
78. What does the passage say
about positive psychology?
A. It stresses that
human nature is perfect.
B. It rejects the
role of religion.
C. It began in 1998.
D.
It began in 1950.
79. What may be an example
of “wicked behavior”(Para. 4)?
A. Making a
toy.
B. Giving money to the poor.
C.
Drinking without control.
D. Believing in a
religion.
80. What does the passage say about
Martin Seligman?
A. His idea was hard for many
people to understand.
B. He stressed the role
of good human qualities.
C. He founded the
Gallup Organization.
A-13
D. His
idea caused a lot of controversy.
PART V
TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)
Section A
(15 minutes, 10 points)
When dominant
innovators in a science respond to the challenge
of a situation
that demands some change in its
practice, this may take a number of forms, and
rival
schools may grow up around different
leaders responding differently to a particular
situation. These rivalries may be reinforced
and perpetuated by the use of standard
textbooks. Any empirical science must be able
to cope with its own phenomena, and
once any
observation is accepted as relevant, its theory
and modes of description and
analysis must be
able to handle it with scientific adequacy, of
which exhaustiveness,
consistency, economy are
basic principles. The extension of a science to
new but
relevant fields may require the
further elaboration and presentation of existing
theory
along previously-followed lines.
PART VI WRITING ( 30 minutes, 10 points )
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30
minutes to write a composition of
no less than
150 words under the title of “Transportation Has
Changed People’s Lives”. Your composition
should be based on the
information given
below:
Choose one of the following types of
transportation vehicles and explain
why you
think it has changed people’s lives.
•
automobiles
• bicycles
• airplanes
Give specific reasons and examples to support
your idea.
A-14