大学英语1-期末+期中考试试卷
沁阳一中-关心短信
2011-2012 期末考试
Part II Reading
Comprehension
Passage One
It would be
difficult to have society like ours without public
goods such as defense, transportation, and other
services.
A public good is one that a
person can use without reducing the use of it for
another person. One of the best examples
of a
public good is national defense. One person can
benefit from our national defense without reducing
another person’s
benefits. In fact, it is
difficult to keep any person in our society from
enjoying the benefits of national defense. The
market system does not work well in producing
public goods. This is because a person who refuses
to pay for a public
good cannot be kept from
using it. Suppose that the neighbors in a high
crime area decide to hire a police force. Each
neighbor, except Mrs. Smith, agrees to pay
$$100 a year for it. Mrs Smith refuses to pay
because she knows that if all the
others pay
the $$100, the police will guard the area anyway.
So Mrs. Smith can enjoy the services of the police
force
without paying $$100.
The market
system has no way to deal with this type of
problem. For this reason, we cannot ask each
person to make a
direct payment in the form of
product price. Therefore, we collect money for
public good by using taxes.
1. According to
the passage, public goods are ___________.
A.
Services enjoyed by all people B. what we can buy
and sell in public
C products that we make
for national defense D. taxes paid by the people
involved
2. The writer gives the example of
national defense in Paragraph 2 in order to show
that _____.
A. there will be no safety if
there is no national defense
B. all the people
should be responsible for national defense
C.
a public good is a shared benefit for the whole
society
D. some public goods are more
important than others
3. The person who does
not pay for public good _______.
A. keeps
himself from using its benefit B. cannot enjoy
its benefits any time
C fails to keep its
benefit from being used D. enjoys its benefit all
the same
4. In the third paragraph the author
explains ______.
A. what role the market
system plays in producing public goods
B. how
weak the market system plays in producing public
goods
C. why some people refuse to pay for the
public goods
D. what we can do to make use of
the market system
5. From the passage we learn
that the purpose of collecting taxes is _________.
A. To ensure the continuous supply of public
goods
B. To reduce the difference between the
rich and the poor
C. To get extra money to
support public goods.
D. To remind people of
their duty
Passage Two
There are
many shops is Singapore where customers still
bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the
goods.
There is nothing out of the ordinary in
haggling; some shopkeepers expect you to and will
be surprised if you accept their
prices
immediately. We know that the prices in some
stores are a bit higher than those in Change
Alley, but we also
realize that to keep a
store like Robinson’s is by no means cheap.
Besides, in such places we shop in air-conditon
comfort.
For all these, we pay a little extra.
It is not always true to say that things in
Change Alley cost less. I once bought a
Czechoslovakian glass butter-dish
from
Robinson’s for a little under two dollars. I then
went on to Change Alley and just by chance saw an
article of the
same shape, design and size, in
one of the shops. I then asked about its price,
and was surprised when the man demanded
more
than four dollars for it. “How much can you
offer?” he shouted at me. I offered him exactly
the same price I paid for
the article
and his reply was shockingly rude. I opened by
bag, showed him my receipt, stared at him and
walked out of
his shop.
A buyer in
England expects to find the price of goods clearly
shown, or, to be told exactly what the price is.
He knows
this is the lowest price that will be
accepted. If he thinks the price is beyond what he
can afford, he shrugs his shoulders
and walks
away. He does not attempt to bargain with the
shopkeeper. Even if he showed annoyance or
surprise, he would
expect to be to that if the
price was unacceptable, he should try elsewhere.
1. The underlined work “haggling” (line2,
para.1) in the text most probably means ___.
A. Accepting the prices immediately B.
fixing the right cost for some goods
C
arguing about the price of something D. paying
extra for comfortable shopping
2. We can learn
from the text that Robinson’s is a store which
sells _____.
A. Expensive goods B. air-
conditioners C. Czechoslovakian goods D. goods
at a bargain price
3. The writer asked about
the price of a glass butter-dish in Change Alley
because he wanted to _____.
A. Buy it at a
lower price B. change his dish for something
else
C find out if the shop assistant is
polite D. compare the prices of the dish in two
stores
4. Which of the following words best
describes tile feeling of a British customer when
“he shrugs his shoulders and
walks away”(line
3, para.3)?
A. Frightened B. Worded
C. Annoyed D. Disappointed
5. What would
probably happen if a customer does bargain with a
shopkeeper in England?
A. The customer would
be advised to shop in other stores. B. The
customer would get the goods at a lower price.
C They would discuss and then reach an
agreement D. They would quarrel about the
price of the goods
Passage Three
At the first sight the planet Mars does not
appear very welcome to any kind of life. It has
very little oxygen and water,
the temperature
at night is below -50
0
C and winds of 100
miles per hour cause severe dust storms. However,
the surface
of the planet seems to show that
water flowed across it some time in the past, and
it is believed that there is enough ice at
the
poles to cover the planet with water if it melts.
Although there is no life on the Mars now, some
scientists think that
there may have been some
form of life long time ago. At that time, the
planet had active volcanoes; the atmosphere was
thicker and warmer; and there was water. In
fact, in some ways the Mars may have been similar
to the Earth, where life
exists.
Some
people believe that the Mars could support life in
the future if the right conditions were produced.
The first step
would be to warm the planet
using certain gases which trap the Sun’s heat in
the planet’s atmosphere. With warmth, water
and carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), simple plants could
begin to grow. These plants could slowly make the
Mars more
suitable for living. It is estimated
that the whole process might take between 100,000
and 200,000 years. In the meantime,
people
could begin to live on the planet in special
closed environments. They would provide a lot of
useful information
about conditions on the
Mars and the problems connected with living there.
期中考试阅读理解
Passage 1
Within
fifteen years Britain and other nations should be
well on with the building of huge industrial
complexes for the
recycling of waste. The word
rubbish could lose its meaning because everything
which goes into the dumps would be
made into
something useful. Even the most dangerous and
unpleasant waste would provide energy if nothing
else.
The latest project is to take a city
around half a million inhabitants and discover
exactly what raw materials go into it
and what
go out. The aim is to find out how much of these
raw materials could be provided if a plant for
recycling waste
were built just outside the
city. This plant would recycle not only metals
such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and
rubber as well.
Another new
project is being set up to discover the best way
of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this
project
is complete, the rubbish will be
processed like this: t will pass through sharp
metal bars which will tear open the plastic
bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then
it will pass through a powerful fan to separate
the lightest elements from
the heavy solids;
after that grounders and rollers will break up
everything that can be broken. Finally, the
rubbish will
pass under magnets, which will
remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and
plastic will then be sorted out in the final
stage.
The first full-scale giant
recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away.
Indeed, with the growing cost of
transporting
rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities
will be forced to build their own recycling plants
before long.
1. The last project mentioned in
paragraph 2 is meant to find out ______
A.
What useful materials are being wasted B. how
much of the rubbish can be reused
C How to
recycle paper and rubber as well D. what kind
of metal a plant can provide
2. What is NOT
mentioned as a part of the recycling process
described in para.3?
A. Breaking what is
breakable B. separating light elements from
heavy ones
C sorting out small pieces of
metal D. Sharpening metal bars
3. What’s
the main reason for big cities to build their own
recycling plants?
A. To deal with waste in a
better way B. to protect the environment from
pollution
C to get cheap raw materials
D. To make big profits from those plants
4.
The first-scale bit recycling plants ______.
A. Have been in operation for fifteen years
B. were under construction fifteen year ago
C
will probably be in operation within fifteen years
D. will take less than fifteen years to build
5. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. A cheap method to get energy B. the
location of recycling plants
C a good way of
recycling waste D. the protection of city
environment
Passage 3
There are
many ways of defining success. It is accurate to
say that each of us has our own concept of success
to the
extent that each of us is responsible
for setting our own goals and determining whether
we have met these goals
satisfactorily.
Because each of us possesses unique differences in
genetic ability and favorable environments in
which to
express these abilities, it is
necessarily true that we must define success
broadly.
For some people, simply being
able to live their life with a minimum of misery
and suffering is considered a success.
Think
of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who
tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his
family in the beauty
of nature, and who is
respected because he does a good job of achieving
the goals expected of and accepted by him and
his society. On the other hand, it seems that
even though some people appear to be rich in
material possessions, many of
them seem to be
miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful
when judged by their own goals of success. Because
not
all ventures can be successful, but if one
has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set
one’s goals at too low a level
of achievement.
A wise counselor once said to a young man
who was experiencing frustration with his own
professional success: “You
don not have to set
your goal to reach the moon in order to have
success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very
successful merely by taking a walk in the
park, or riding the subway downtown,” the
counselor added, “you have not
really failed
and spoiled your chances for success until you
have been unsuccessful at something you really
like, and to
which you have given your best
effort. ”
1. In the first paragraph, the
author implies that ____ are essential in
achieving success.
A. ability and goals
B. goals and determination
C ability and
environment D. goals and environment
2. The
word “frugal”(line 3, para.2) means ______.
A. wealthy B. wasteful C. thrifty
D. miserable
3. Some rich people consider
themselves unsuccessful because _____.
A.
Their life is miserable B. they do not live in
peace
C their goals are too low D. they are
not rich enough by their own standards
4. The
last paragraph implies that _____.
A. We
should have high goals B. success means
achieving great goals
C success means take a
walk in the park D. success means trying one’s
best at what one really likes
5. This passage
mainly talks about _________.
A. The
definition of success B. how to achieve success
C how to set goals D. the
importance of goals
2011-2012 期末考试
Part II Reading Comprehension
Passage One
It would be difficult to have society like
ours without public goods such as defense,
transportation, and other services.
A
public good is one that a person can use without
reducing the use of it for another person. One of
the best examples
of a public good is national
defense. One person can benefit from our national
defense without reducing another person’s
benefits. In fact, it is difficult to keep any
person in our society from enjoying the benefits
of national defense. The
market system does
not work well in producing public goods. This is
because a person who refuses to pay for a public
good cannot be kept from using it. Suppose
that the neighbors in a high crime area decide to
hire a police force. Each
neighbor, except
Mrs. Smith, agrees to pay $$100 a year for it. Mrs
Smith refuses to pay because she knows that if all
the
others pay the $$100, the police will guard
the area anyway. So Mrs. Smith can enjoy the
services of the police force
without paying
$$100.
The market system has no way to deal
with this type of problem. For this reason, we
cannot ask each person to make a
direct
payment in the form of product price. Therefore,
we collect money for public good by using taxes.
1. According to the passage, public goods are
___________.
A. Services enjoyed by all people
B. what we can buy and sell in public
C
products that we make for national defense D.
taxes paid by the people involved
2. The
writer gives the example of national defense in
Paragraph 2 in order to show that _____.
A.
there will be no safety if there is no national
defense
B. all the people should be
responsible for national defense
C. a public
good is a shared benefit for the whole society
D. some public goods are more important than
others
3. The person who does not pay for
public good _______.
A. keeps himself from
using its benefit B. cannot enjoy its benefits
any time
C fails to keep its benefit from
being used D. enjoys its benefit all the same
4. In the third paragraph the author explains
______.
A. what role the market system plays
in producing public goods
B. how weak the
market system plays in producing public goods
C. why some people refuse to pay for the
public goods
D. what we can do to make use of
the market system
5. From the passage we learn
that the purpose of collecting taxes is _________.
A. To ensure the continuous supply of public
goods
B. To reduce the difference between the
rich and the poor
C. To get extra money to
support public goods.
D. To remind people of
their duty
Passage Two
There are
many shops is Singapore where customers still
bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the
goods.
There is nothing out of the ordinary in
haggling; some shopkeepers expect you to and will
be surprised if you accept their
prices
immediately. We know that the prices in some
stores are a bit higher than those in Change
Alley, but we also
realize that to keep a
store like Robinson’s is by no means cheap.
Besides, in such places we shop in air-conditon
comfort.
For all these, we pay a little extra.
It is not always true to say that things in
Change Alley cost less. I once bought a
Czechoslovakian glass butter-dish
from
Robinson’s for a little under two dollars. I then
went on to Change Alley and just by chance saw an
article of the
same shape, design and size, in
one of the shops. I then asked about its price,
and was surprised when the man demanded
more
than four dollars for it. “How much can you
offer?” he shouted at me. I offered him exactly
the same price I paid for
the article
and his reply was shockingly rude. I opened by
bag, showed him my receipt, stared at him and
walked out of
his shop.
A buyer in
England expects to find the price of goods clearly
shown, or, to be told exactly what the price is.
He knows
this is the lowest price that will be
accepted. If he thinks the price is beyond what he
can afford, he shrugs his shoulders
and walks
away. He does not attempt to bargain with the
shopkeeper. Even if he showed annoyance or
surprise, he would
expect to be to that if the
price was unacceptable, he should try elsewhere.
1. The underlined work “haggling” (line2,
para.1) in the text most probably means ___.
A. Accepting the prices immediately B.
fixing the right cost for some goods
C
arguing about the price of something D. paying
extra for comfortable shopping
2. We can learn
from the text that Robinson’s is a store which
sells _____.
A. Expensive goods B. air-
conditioners C. Czechoslovakian goods D. goods
at a bargain price
3. The writer asked about
the price of a glass butter-dish in Change Alley
because he wanted to _____.
A. Buy it at a
lower price B. change his dish for something
else
C find out if the shop assistant is
polite D. compare the prices of the dish in two
stores
4. Which of the following words best
describes tile feeling of a British customer when
“he shrugs his shoulders and
walks away”(line
3, para.3)?
A. Frightened B. Worded
C. Annoyed D. Disappointed
5. What would
probably happen if a customer does bargain with a
shopkeeper in England?
A. The customer would
be advised to shop in other stores. B. The
customer would get the goods at a lower price.
C They would discuss and then reach an
agreement D. They would quarrel about the
price of the goods
Passage Three
At the first sight the planet Mars does not
appear very welcome to any kind of life. It has
very little oxygen and water,
the temperature
at night is below -50
0
C and winds of 100
miles per hour cause severe dust storms. However,
the surface
of the planet seems to show that
water flowed across it some time in the past, and
it is believed that there is enough ice at
the
poles to cover the planet with water if it melts.
Although there is no life on the Mars now, some
scientists think that
there may have been some
form of life long time ago. At that time, the
planet had active volcanoes; the atmosphere was
thicker and warmer; and there was water. In
fact, in some ways the Mars may have been similar
to the Earth, where life
exists.
Some
people believe that the Mars could support life in
the future if the right conditions were produced.
The first step
would be to warm the planet
using certain gases which trap the Sun’s heat in
the planet’s atmosphere. With warmth, water
and carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), simple plants could
begin to grow. These plants could slowly make the
Mars more
suitable for living. It is estimated
that the whole process might take between 100,000
and 200,000 years. In the meantime,
people
could begin to live on the planet in special
closed environments. They would provide a lot of
useful information
about conditions on the
Mars and the problems connected with living there.
期中考试阅读理解
Passage 1
Within
fifteen years Britain and other nations should be
well on with the building of huge industrial
complexes for the
recycling of waste. The word
rubbish could lose its meaning because everything
which goes into the dumps would be
made into
something useful. Even the most dangerous and
unpleasant waste would provide energy if nothing
else.
The latest project is to take a city
around half a million inhabitants and discover
exactly what raw materials go into it
and what
go out. The aim is to find out how much of these
raw materials could be provided if a plant for
recycling waste
were built just outside the
city. This plant would recycle not only metals
such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and
rubber as well.
Another new
project is being set up to discover the best way
of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this
project
is complete, the rubbish will be
processed like this: t will pass through sharp
metal bars which will tear open the plastic
bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then
it will pass through a powerful fan to separate
the lightest elements from
the heavy solids;
after that grounders and rollers will break up
everything that can be broken. Finally, the
rubbish will
pass under magnets, which will
remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and
plastic will then be sorted out in the final
stage.
The first full-scale giant
recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away.
Indeed, with the growing cost of
transporting
rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities
will be forced to build their own recycling plants
before long.
1. The last project mentioned in
paragraph 2 is meant to find out ______
A.
What useful materials are being wasted B. how
much of the rubbish can be reused
C How to
recycle paper and rubber as well D. what kind
of metal a plant can provide
2. What is NOT
mentioned as a part of the recycling process
described in para.3?
A. Breaking what is
breakable B. separating light elements from
heavy ones
C sorting out small pieces of
metal D. Sharpening metal bars
3. What’s
the main reason for big cities to build their own
recycling plants?
A. To deal with waste in a
better way B. to protect the environment from
pollution
C to get cheap raw materials
D. To make big profits from those plants
4.
The first-scale bit recycling plants ______.
A. Have been in operation for fifteen years
B. were under construction fifteen year ago
C
will probably be in operation within fifteen years
D. will take less than fifteen years to build
5. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. A cheap method to get energy B. the
location of recycling plants
C a good way of
recycling waste D. the protection of city
environment
Passage 3
There are
many ways of defining success. It is accurate to
say that each of us has our own concept of success
to the
extent that each of us is responsible
for setting our own goals and determining whether
we have met these goals
satisfactorily.
Because each of us possesses unique differences in
genetic ability and favorable environments in
which to
express these abilities, it is
necessarily true that we must define success
broadly.
For some people, simply being
able to live their life with a minimum of misery
and suffering is considered a success.
Think
of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who
tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his
family in the beauty
of nature, and who is
respected because he does a good job of achieving
the goals expected of and accepted by him and
his society. On the other hand, it seems that
even though some people appear to be rich in
material possessions, many of
them seem to be
miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful
when judged by their own goals of success. Because
not
all ventures can be successful, but if one
has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set
one’s goals at too low a level
of achievement.
A wise counselor once said to a young man
who was experiencing frustration with his own
professional success: “You
don not have to set
your goal to reach the moon in order to have
success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very
successful merely by taking a walk in the
park, or riding the subway downtown,” the
counselor added, “you have not
really failed
and spoiled your chances for success until you
have been unsuccessful at something you really
like, and to
which you have given your best
effort. ”
1. In the first paragraph, the
author implies that ____ are essential in
achieving success.
A. ability and goals
B. goals and determination
C ability and
environment D. goals and environment
2. The
word “frugal”(line 3, para.2) means ______.
A. wealthy B. wasteful C. thrifty
D. miserable
3. Some rich people consider
themselves unsuccessful because _____.
A.
Their life is miserable B. they do not live in
peace
C their goals are too low D. they are
not rich enough by their own standards
4. The
last paragraph implies that _____.
A. We
should have high goals B. success means
achieving great goals
C success means take a
walk in the park D. success means trying one’s
best at what one really likes
5. This passage
mainly talks about _________.
A. The
definition of success B. how to achieve success
C how to set goals D. the
importance of goals