大学英语四级写作评分标准
搞笑测试-全国消防日
英语四级考试作文评分标准
一、作文评分标准
1.本题满分为15分。
2.阅卷标准共分五等:2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷1至2份。
3.
阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分
数（即8分）;
若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，则可加1分（即9分）或减1分（即7分）。
但不得加或减半分。
4.评分标准:2分—条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严
重错误
。
5分—基本切题。表达思路不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。
8分—基本切题
。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多，其中有一
些是严重错误。
11分—切题。表达思路清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。
14分—切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
二、 作文的种类
若从作文体裁划分，英文作文有议论文（Argumentative
Composition）、记叙文（Narrati
ve
Composition）、描写文（Descriptive
Composition）和说明文（Expositive Compositio
n），等等。四、
六级作文最常见的是前两种。但若从考试的题型来看，则包括以下几种:
1、提纲式作文
用
英文或中文给出提纲（outline），要求按提纲写作，目前来说，这种提纲经常是以三段的
形式给
出，又称三段式作文，这是四级考试的主要形式。如：1993年6月大学英语四级作
文题。
2、图表式作文
包括表格式作文。这类作文要求考生用简洁、生动的语言把图中所提供的信息
准确、完整地
表达出来。这类作文在四级考试中只是偶然才会出现。如:1991年6月四级考试的作文
题。
3、情景式作文
用中文或英文给出一个情景，让你自己去说明或评论。这类作文多见于
六级和TOEFL考试
之中。例:有些发明如电灯、火车、电机等，对人类极为重要。请再举一个你认为
重要的发
明事例，并说明你为什么认为它重要?
三、 写作的方法（这里只谈四级中出现最多
的提纲式）——提纲式（三段式）作文（以考
场中占绝大多数的议论文写法为主）
（一）抛开
句子的构成、段落的展开、各类文体作文的写作技巧等理论不说，单就实用的原
则来看，写四级作文应注
意的主要方面有五:1.切题2.干净3.减少错误4.开门见山5.闪光点。
1.切题。拿到作文试
卷后的第一件事就是———审题。作文不跑题，这似乎已是老生常谈，
但要完全做到，也并非像有些考生
想象的那般轻而易举。例如:Benefits of Sports（运动的
好处）自然应该写运动的
好处。但有些考生在列举了一系列运动的优点之后，又写道:“运动
固然好处很多，但也应避免运动的过
量，否则，过量的运动还是有害的。它可以使人过度疲
劳，损害心肌，拉伤大腿，等等。”
殊
不知，这样写着写着，不知不觉中已跑题了。本文要求你写运动的“好处”。至于其“副作
用”或“坏处
”，根本不应在文章的讨论范围之内。
又如:有的考生写“How university
graduates find work”一文，竟写成了自己喜欢什么样的
工作。这样一来，你词汇
量再大，语法知识再好，也只能是“南辕北辙”了。假如把文章的重
点放在“如何”一词上，就算抓住了
要害。比如如何去面试，如何写自我简介，如何进行自我
包装和推销，等等。由此看来，切题一事，绝不
可掉以轻心。
2.干净。干净本不应列在作文的五项注意事项之内，但大家不要忘记，
作文是人改的，人是
有情感的。自然是喜欢干净讨厌潦草肮脏。阅卷人员每人每天要批改上百份试卷。试
想你的
作文如果潦草不清，成片涂改，他们会费力地去辨别甚至猜想你的本意吗?因此，作文干不
干净已不再是一个战术性小事，而成了一个战略性问题。
记住，把你的作文写得干净整齐就等于向阅
卷人员发送一个信息———“老师，我尊重你的
辛勤劳动!”这对自己作文的得分，不是很有帮助吗?
3.减少错误。写作过程中碰到自己不会写或拿不准的词或句型，是写还是不写?
我们的看法是，尽可能不写，可以采取避开或用别的替代的方法，英语中叫做“play safe”。
四级作文万一写不太高明，那也首先要保证减少错误:尽量让你的作文做到无懈可击!
例如:About Hong Kong①The Present State②Hong Kong
s Past③Its Future
让我们以第一段香港的“现状”为例来看一下:
Hong Kong is in the South of is a beautiful
and prosperous people
are brave and position
is unique and its economy is call
it“the
pearl in the east”.
其中，当你写到prosperous，diligent
，unique，booming等词的时候，若是拿不准，怎么
办呢?
这时，脑子要学会急
转弯，可以用busy，hardˉworking，special，甚至good来替代。尽管
bu
sy并不能完全代表prosperous的意思，但是，车水马龙、热闹繁忙的景象，还是可以基
本上
表达出来的。
需要指出的是，“play safe”这一招并不意味着我们不必下苦功去记一些必要
的、十分基本的
词汇，有些词的使用率很高，比如computer，environment，eff
iciency等，是避不开的。
还有的考生上了考场，连modern，society，pollu
tion，甚至benefit这类词都拼写不准，那
就不能不给人一个基本功太差的印象。
4.开门见山。5.闪光点。
这两个术语是什么意思呢?
让我们看一看“Good
Health”这篇作文。①Importance of good health②Ways to
keep fit.
③My own practices.
先看第一段“好身体的重要性”，有的考生写道:“With the rapid
development of our econ
omy，with the
improvement of our living standard，with more and
more people s r
ealization of the importance of
good health，now people are attaching greater
impor
tance to their health.”“随着经济的飞速发展，随着人民生活的
改善，随着大家对健康的重
要性的了解，…”不要忘记，四级作文总共才要你写百十来个字，你一开头
就罗罗嗦嗦说了三四十个字，还没有说到正题上，多么不得要领。切记，好的作文应该单刀
直入
，直截了当。不要兜圈子，绕弯子，第一句话最好就采用“topic
sentence”，点明主题，
重点突出———这叫“开门见山”。
因此，我们上来就应该写:
“Good health is important to
everyone.”
“开门见山”之后，也就是旗帜鲜明地亮出自己的观点之后，下面我们应该用事
例来支持自己
的观点，这些事例，就叫做“闪光点”，如果事例很多，还可以采用“First”，“S
econd”，“Thir
d”这类的排列方法。
有的考生会说，写议论文先端出论点，再给
出论据，这我知道，但是，有时候我想不起来事
实或例子来支持自己的结论怎么办?
这时，有
两个相当重要的词汇大家应该铭记在心———“with”和“without”，尤其是后一个，
议论
文中几乎可以算是一把开启各式门锁的“万能钥匙”。如:Good health is very
importan
t to it，we can study hard;We
can serve the country;We can do ever
ything as
we t good health，everybody knows，we will fail to
do things;
We can twork efficiently;We may stay
in hospital;We ll become a
burden of our
family，etc.
记住，with、without不是在说废话，而是在用“正证法”和“反
证法”来论述事情。我们再看第
二段“保持健康的方法”。
In my
opinion，there are two ways for me to keep ，we must
eat a balance
d is to say—we must eat not only
eggs，fish，meat but also some vegeta
bles and
fruit s eating，drinking clean water is also
get addicted to drinking the so-called“soft
drinks”.Second，exercising is a vital part o
f
our daily can do some running in the morning and
play football in the aft
ernoon.
至于第三段，“我的实
践”，有的考生会问:“写点什么呢?”不要忘记，第二段中提到“吃”与“锻
炼”是保持健康的最佳途
径，那么，第三段还写“吃”与“锻练”———我自己是怎么做的，不就
行了吗?还有人会说:“我以前
做得不好，那我就写自己的决心和保证吧!”
“From today on，I
will...;I will...;”或者“I plan to do it as
follows...”那叫“我的实践”吗?
顶多算是“我的希望”或“我的计划”。这样写就跑题
了。可见，切题不仅是指全文，三段中的
每一段也存在是否切题这样一个问题。有的考生这样写第三段，
就基本上可以说是达到要求
了:
As a university student，I
pay much attention to my physical exerciser.I do
some s
wimming in Summer and some skating in
Winter，I often play badminton and tenni
s.I m
also careful with my a word，keeping healthy is
not very hard if you j
ust take it seriously. <
br>（二）有人可能会问:知道了这几项原则，上了考场我为什么还是写不出来呢?这就牵涉到英
文作
文的两大考试目的了。
英文作文到底要考大家什么?我们认为，主要考查你的两大方面———思路表达与英文水平。
有的考生一拿到作文题常常会抓耳挠腮，不知道该写些什么，肚里空空如也，这叫做:“没有
思路”;也
有的人，思路倒有，只是“英文水平”较低;当然，更有一些人“思路”没有，“英文”也
不怎么样，要
拿高分，其难度就可想而知了。下面，我们分别来谈谈“思路”与“英文”这两件
事。
大家知
道，到了考场上，作文的第一件事是———思路。有些人，没有思路，只好随心所欲，
信手写去，写着写
着，自己也不知道写到哪里了。这种作文，难道会条理清楚?难道会中心
突出?又怎么能做到干净整洁，
不乱涂乱画?因此，拿到作文后的第一件事就是要审题并列出
一个提纲。这就好比家中要待客先列出一份
菜单一样。菜单列好后，按单去把菜买好，这就
叫“素材”，再炒好端上桌，就叫“英文表达”了。 <
br>没有菜单，再高明的作家也会“巧妇难为无米之炊”的。列“菜单”，即作文的提纲不必过长，
寥
寥数语，中、英文皆可。万一上了考场没有稿纸，把准考证翻过来，只言片语可矣!
例如作文“Electricity and Our Daily
Life”.①Electricity is essential in our daily
life.②If t
here were no
electricity，...③Therefore，...
【Outline】
①电
的用途:提供动力照明日常生活。②假如没有电:生产生活，都会受到影响。③因此，
我们要节约用电。
Electricity is essential in our daily runs
the machines in factories;It starts the
vehicles and light the streets and it，we can
watch TV，listen to the tap
e
recorder，cook meals or store food in the a
word，it helps us a lot in o
ur daily life.
If there were no electricity，all the machines
would stop night，it would
be very would have
to wash our clothes with our ts would us
e oil
lamps to do their would live as our ancestors did
centuries ago.
Therefore，electricity is very
important to life cannot go on without it，not
t
o mention the construction of our country is
short of electricity，now. S
o，everybody should
try to save it.
（三）提纲列出之后，下一步就是用比较标准的英文将你想要说的意
思表达出来，这就需要
有较好的英文基本功底:包括单词、句子结构、语法、词组等等。下面，大家先看
两篇作文，
其思路还算清晰，文章比较切题，层次也很合理，但是，单就其语言文字方面，有哪些主要<
br>问题呢?【例】 Traffic in Big Cities
c has become
a social problem in big cities.
way to solve
this problem is...
r way is...
Traffic has
become a social problem in big cities. Of
course，have a car is a good t
hing，but if every
person own a car，the streets will became too
crowded. So，traff
ic jams occurred during the
rush hours and accidents happened more often.
One way to solve this problem is develop
public transportation example，
we should buy
more buses and we should built more
roads，especially round-the-cit
y roads And
underground trains is also a good solution.
Another way is to reduce t
he big city s
population.
Our country population control is
a wise and necessary big city people
redu
ce，traffic will less crowded.
第一句抄起始句，
无问题。第二句，作者想说:“有车是件好事。”于是就采取了汉语的表达
方式:“have a
car is a good thing”，但英文就大错特错了。须知，英文的主语一般只能是
四部
分组成:名词（含代词）、动名词ving、动词不定式to及句子。动词have是万万不能
当主语的
。所以，至少应改为“having”。接下来，every
person那动词own自然应该加“s”
了。streets
will后面动词用原形become，第三行so大写“s”，Traffic Jams occurred
and
accidents happened.动词完全不需要用过去式，那样，就给人以一种:“
事情已过去了，现
在已经不堵车，也没有交通事故了”的印象。所以，切记，议论文中使用过去式
一定要合理，不要滥用。
第二段“One way to solve this
problem is to develop...”才行。一般来说，每句话只应有
一个谓语动词（
并列时当成一个看），所以，有了“is”，“develop”必须消掉（消动词有三招，
to
v，ving，ved过去分词）。We should
build...，And应小写。underground trains
is...
主谓语不协调或改为trains are，或改为train
is，后者更好些，因为此处不是在查数，而是
在讲一种情况:“地铁”这种形式，是一个好办法。
末一段可改为:
Our country s population control
is a wise and necessary the number of th
e
people in big cities is reduced，traffic will
become less crowded.
综上所述，一篇英文要想写得很地道，起码应注意以下几个方面:
①主语是上述四部分之一吗?
②谓语动词是一个吗?（每句话一个，从句也算一句话）这个动
词时态、语态、语气正确吗?
若是在shall，will，must，may，can等情态或助动词
后，用原形了吗?除了这个谓语之外的
其它动词消掉了吗?（叫做动词的非谓语形式）
③主语与谓语一致吗?
④及物动词或介词后，使用宾语的形式了吗?（主、系表除外）
⑤定语或状语的位置放的合理吗?
⑥从句的引导词使用恰当吗?
⑦单词有没有拼写错误?
（四）现在，我们已经知道了作文大体上怎样写:
①审题并列出提纲（约5分钟）
②开始写:（1）切题（2）干净（3）少犯错误（4）开门见山（5）闪光点（约20分钟）
③交卷前检查（1）拼写错误（2）语法错误等（约5分钟）
2013年6月大学英语四级考试
作文标准版点评
The
importance of doing small things
From the
carton, we can clearly see that the boy is worried
about disposing of
nuclear waste, while his
father tells him to empty the dustbin first. This
carton
reminds me of a Chinese saying:If you
don't clean the room(solve your problems),
then how can you control the world. However,
most people always attach great
importance to
something big, but neglect small things.
In
my opinion, it is necessary and important to do
small things. On the one hand,
doing small
things well helps us to develop good habits, which
set a good foundation
for our future
development. There is no doubt that one of the
greatest differences
between success and
failure is the importance placed on little things.
On the other
hand, the big is the little. If
something needs to be done, it is big. No matter
what kinds of task, if it is worth doing, it
can be big.
Taking all these into account,
we can easily notice that it is reasonable to
do small things before big ones. So before
doing important things, let’s empty our
dustbin first!
【点评】
本次四级作文是一篇图画作文，
大家对于这样的作文形式应该不会陌生吧，历年考题中
也曾出现过类似题型，所以这也算老生常谈了。
图画作文题目怎么写呢？首先要确立文章的基本思想，这是最重要的。我们要确定图画
给我
们传达的是一个什么样的信息。本次作文的重点就在这一句话”the importance of
doing small things before undertaking
something big”。从图画中男孩与父亲的对话
中我们基本可以判断出出题
人的初衷是想说在做大事情之前要先做好小事情，正好对应了中
国的一句谚语：一屋不扫何以扫天下。基
本思想确立以后我们就可以按套路出牌了。
第一段，
我们首先用一两句话对图片做一个简洁的描述，然后总体陈述大多数人的做
法；
第二段，
第二段总起句表明自己的观点，观点一定要陈述清楚，不能含糊。说明doing
small
things 非常重要，然后就这一观点分别详述原因，one the one hand,… one
the other
hand…；
第三段，
总结，一句话概括刚才所支持的观点或原因，最后一句话考生可以照应开篇，
也可以表决心，比如I
decide to …..。
2007月6月
CET4（四级）作文评分的标准样卷
2 Points
In our school has many clubs to students
choose. There are drawing club,
swimming
club, writing club, reading club and so on. The
students very likes take part
in clubs. The
club major active has many students.
Students to join a club is good to yourselves. Not
only increase knowledge, but
also chance
charator. It is enjoy to our campus life. I likes
join clubs very much. So I
have join drawing
club. Although I drawing not very well, but I like
drawing. There
are many students join reading
club. The reading club is reading book, newspaper
and
so on.
If you will think join
reading club, you can find LiMing. He is the
reading club’s
major. He will fell you useful
to join the club. You will also join the other
clubs. You
will ask Miss Chen which the
better to other clubs. You will be interesting in
clubs by
yourselves. As we is known, the
campus life what exciting for us, we are enjoy to
our
school life.
5 Points
Nowadays there are many clubs in
the University. Maybe many people enter the
collenge don’t know how to choose a club what
he want.
Our club founded ten years.
It’s the biggest club in our university. There are
many
activity in our clbus, for example, we
will put a reading speech for a book, we will
talk to each other about our pointment, we
will enjoy many other students who has
any
experience.
Enter our clubs, you can
have many new friends. We have many chance to
learn
for each other. In our clubs, you have
many chance to do what you like, and you can
tell everyone to do with together. Reading
many books and talk with others can
imporve
your ability and knowledge. You can have a happy
life in our club.
How to enter
the reading clubs? It’s very simiple. If you like
it, you want to enter
it, you can send a
Email for g@ or go to the reading road in our
school.
The reading club welcome
you.
8 Points
Do you want tto have some different life
against what you ever had? If so, join us.
Our club is just for the young people, not
matter you are a boy or a girl. And our
club
is named “Happy”, you can find some happy during
the time you played with us.
In our
club, there will be many fun things we will have,
for example, sometimes
we will get together
to have a party, and the party will not only one
style, we will get
the idea from all the
members in our club. Sometimes may be you can have
a travel
near our school. Of course if you
want to go for away from our school is also OK.
In our club, you will make many new
friends, and the life will become more
comfortable. You will get more happy time in
your memory.
If you want to join
us, you can go to the room 200 in F building or
send us a
e-mail. Thank you!
11 Points
Boys and girls,
Attention, please. I have an important
announcement to make.
I’d like to intorduce
our club to you, the name of our club is English
Family, and
it’s five-star club in our
university.
There are many interesting
activities if you join it. We have morning
readings at
the English corner every day, and
we also offer you some useful reading materials.
Besides we have English salon every Tuesday
for you to practice. What’s more
, in weekends
you can enjoy some American movies offered by us.
If you join our club, you will surely
gain a lot. You can improve your English,
make more friends and watch a lot of
interesting movies. English is so important
today, you’d better grasp any opportunity to
improve it.
If you are interested in
our club, don’t wait and join us. Come to the
Deligence
Road tomorrow and sign your name.
then we are all members of English Family.
14 Points
Dear students,
Are you still
worrying about how to improve your English? If so,
don’t hesitate to
join our club PYE.
Our club aims at practising Your English. We
gather to discuss books written in
English
and offfer opportunities to learn from native
speakers every week. We not
only invite
famous language experts to deliver speeches but
also hold new them
activities on a regular
basis.
If you join our club, you will
get an advantage over your fellow students in the
number of chances to have contacts with people
from English-speakng countries. It
will be
easier for you to step closer to the English
literature as well.
So, email us at
pre@ and send your application to us. Club fee is
10 yuan
for a semester. It should be
collected in advance.
We are here
waiting for you to come soon!
英语四级考试作文评分标准
一、作文评分标准
1.本题满分为15分。
2.阅卷标准共分五等:2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷1至2份。
3.
阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分
数（即8分）;
若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，则可加1分（即9分）或减1分（即7分）。
但不得加或减半分。
4.评分标准:2分—条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严
重错误
。
5分—基本切题。表达思路不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。
8分—基本切题
。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多，其中有一
些是严重错误。
11分—切题。表达思路清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。
14分—切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
二、 作文的种类
若从作文体裁划分，英文作文有议论文（Argumentative
Composition）、记叙文（Narrati
ve
Composition）、描写文（Descriptive
Composition）和说明文（Expositive Compositio
n），等等。四、
六级作文最常见的是前两种。但若从考试的题型来看，则包括以下几种:
1、提纲式作文
用
英文或中文给出提纲（outline），要求按提纲写作，目前来说，这种提纲经常是以三段的
形式给
出，又称三段式作文，这是四级考试的主要形式。如：1993年6月大学英语四级作
文题。
2、图表式作文
包括表格式作文。这类作文要求考生用简洁、生动的语言把图中所提供的信息
准确、完整地
表达出来。这类作文在四级考试中只是偶然才会出现。如:1991年6月四级考试的作文
题。
3、情景式作文
用中文或英文给出一个情景，让你自己去说明或评论。这类作文多见于
六级和TOEFL考试
之中。例:有些发明如电灯、火车、电机等，对人类极为重要。请再举一个你认为
重要的发
明事例，并说明你为什么认为它重要?
三、 写作的方法（这里只谈四级中出现最多
的提纲式）——提纲式（三段式）作文（以考
场中占绝大多数的议论文写法为主）
（一）抛开
句子的构成、段落的展开、各类文体作文的写作技巧等理论不说，单就实用的原
则来看，写四级作文应注
意的主要方面有五:1.切题2.干净3.减少错误4.开门见山5.闪光点。
1.切题。拿到作文试
卷后的第一件事就是———审题。作文不跑题，这似乎已是老生常谈，
但要完全做到，也并非像有些考生
想象的那般轻而易举。例如:Benefits of Sports（运动的
好处）自然应该写运动的
好处。但有些考生在列举了一系列运动的优点之后，又写道:“运动
固然好处很多，但也应避免运动的过
量，否则，过量的运动还是有害的。它可以使人过度疲
劳，损害心肌，拉伤大腿，等等。”
殊
不知，这样写着写着，不知不觉中已跑题了。本文要求你写运动的“好处”。至于其“副作
用”或“坏处
”，根本不应在文章的讨论范围之内。
又如:有的考生写“How university
graduates find work”一文，竟写成了自己喜欢什么样的
工作。这样一来，你词汇
量再大，语法知识再好，也只能是“南辕北辙”了。假如把文章的重
点放在“如何”一词上，就算抓住了
要害。比如如何去面试，如何写自我简介，如何进行自我
包装和推销，等等。由此看来，切题一事，绝不
可掉以轻心。
2.干净。干净本不应列在作文的五项注意事项之内，但大家不要忘记，
作文是人改的，人是
有情感的。自然是喜欢干净讨厌潦草肮脏。阅卷人员每人每天要批改上百份试卷。试
想你的
作文如果潦草不清，成片涂改，他们会费力地去辨别甚至猜想你的本意吗?因此，作文干不
干净已不再是一个战术性小事，而成了一个战略性问题。
记住，把你的作文写得干净整齐就等于向阅
卷人员发送一个信息———“老师，我尊重你的
辛勤劳动!”这对自己作文的得分，不是很有帮助吗?
3.减少错误。写作过程中碰到自己不会写或拿不准的词或句型，是写还是不写?
我们的看法是，尽可能不写，可以采取避开或用别的替代的方法，英语中叫做“play safe”。
四级作文万一写不太高明，那也首先要保证减少错误:尽量让你的作文做到无懈可击!
例如:About Hong Kong①The Present State②Hong Kong
s Past③Its Future
让我们以第一段香港的“现状”为例来看一下:
Hong Kong is in the South of is a beautiful
and prosperous people
are brave and position
is unique and its economy is call
it“the
pearl in the east”.
其中，当你写到prosperous，diligent
，unique，booming等词的时候，若是拿不准，怎么
办呢?
这时，脑子要学会急
转弯，可以用busy，hardˉworking，special，甚至good来替代。尽管
bu
sy并不能完全代表prosperous的意思，但是，车水马龙、热闹繁忙的景象，还是可以基
本上
表达出来的。
需要指出的是，“play safe”这一招并不意味着我们不必下苦功去记一些必要
的、十分基本的
词汇，有些词的使用率很高，比如computer，environment，eff
iciency等，是避不开的。
还有的考生上了考场，连modern，society，pollu
tion，甚至benefit这类词都拼写不准，那
就不能不给人一个基本功太差的印象。
4.开门见山。5.闪光点。
这两个术语是什么意思呢?
让我们看一看“Good
Health”这篇作文。①Importance of good health②Ways to
keep fit.
③My own practices.
先看第一段“好身体的重要性”，有的考生写道:“With the rapid
development of our econ
omy，with the
improvement of our living standard，with more and
more people s r
ealization of the importance of
good health，now people are attaching greater
impor
tance to their health.”“随着经济的飞速发展，随着人民生活的
改善，随着大家对健康的重
要性的了解，…”不要忘记，四级作文总共才要你写百十来个字，你一开头
就罗罗嗦嗦说了三四十个字，还没有说到正题上，多么不得要领。切记，好的作文应该单刀
直入
，直截了当。不要兜圈子，绕弯子，第一句话最好就采用“topic
sentence”，点明主题，
重点突出———这叫“开门见山”。
因此，我们上来就应该写:
“Good health is important to
everyone.”
“开门见山”之后，也就是旗帜鲜明地亮出自己的观点之后，下面我们应该用事
例来支持自己
的观点，这些事例，就叫做“闪光点”，如果事例很多，还可以采用“First”，“S
econd”，“Thir
d”这类的排列方法。
有的考生会说，写议论文先端出论点，再给
出论据，这我知道，但是，有时候我想不起来事
实或例子来支持自己的结论怎么办?
这时，有
两个相当重要的词汇大家应该铭记在心———“with”和“without”，尤其是后一个，
议论
文中几乎可以算是一把开启各式门锁的“万能钥匙”。如:Good health is very
importan
t to it，we can study hard;We
can serve the country;We can do ever
ything as
we t good health，everybody knows，we will fail to
do things;
We can twork efficiently;We may stay
in hospital;We ll become a
burden of our
family，etc.
记住，with、without不是在说废话，而是在用“正证法”和“反
证法”来论述事情。我们再看第
二段“保持健康的方法”。
In my
opinion，there are two ways for me to keep ，we must
eat a balance
d is to say—we must eat not only
eggs，fish，meat but also some vegeta
bles and
fruit s eating，drinking clean water is also
get addicted to drinking the so-called“soft
drinks”.Second，exercising is a vital part o
f
our daily can do some running in the morning and
play football in the aft
ernoon.
至于第三段，“我的实
践”，有的考生会问:“写点什么呢?”不要忘记，第二段中提到“吃”与“锻
炼”是保持健康的最佳途
径，那么，第三段还写“吃”与“锻练”———我自己是怎么做的，不就
行了吗?还有人会说:“我以前
做得不好，那我就写自己的决心和保证吧!”
“From today on，I
will...;I will...;”或者“I plan to do it as
follows...”那叫“我的实践”吗?
顶多算是“我的希望”或“我的计划”。这样写就跑题
了。可见，切题不仅是指全文，三段中的
每一段也存在是否切题这样一个问题。有的考生这样写第三段，
就基本上可以说是达到要求
了:
As a university student，I
pay much attention to my physical exerciser.I do
some s
wimming in Summer and some skating in
Winter，I often play badminton and tenni
s.I m
also careful with my a word，keeping healthy is
not very hard if you j
ust take it seriously. <
br>（二）有人可能会问:知道了这几项原则，上了考场我为什么还是写不出来呢?这就牵涉到英
文作
文的两大考试目的了。
英文作文到底要考大家什么?我们认为，主要考查你的两大方面———思路表达与英文水平。
有的考生一拿到作文题常常会抓耳挠腮，不知道该写些什么，肚里空空如也，这叫做:“没有
思路”;也
有的人，思路倒有，只是“英文水平”较低;当然，更有一些人“思路”没有，“英文”也
不怎么样，要
拿高分，其难度就可想而知了。下面，我们分别来谈谈“思路”与“英文”这两件
事。
大家知
道，到了考场上，作文的第一件事是———思路。有些人，没有思路，只好随心所欲，
信手写去，写着写
着，自己也不知道写到哪里了。这种作文，难道会条理清楚?难道会中心
突出?又怎么能做到干净整洁，
不乱涂乱画?因此，拿到作文后的第一件事就是要审题并列出
一个提纲。这就好比家中要待客先列出一份
菜单一样。菜单列好后，按单去把菜买好，这就
叫“素材”，再炒好端上桌，就叫“英文表达”了。 <
br>没有菜单，再高明的作家也会“巧妇难为无米之炊”的。列“菜单”，即作文的提纲不必过长，
寥
寥数语，中、英文皆可。万一上了考场没有稿纸，把准考证翻过来，只言片语可矣!
例如作文“Electricity and Our Daily
Life”.①Electricity is essential in our daily
life.②If t
here were no
electricity，...③Therefore，...
【Outline】
①电
的用途:提供动力照明日常生活。②假如没有电:生产生活，都会受到影响。③因此，
我们要节约用电。
Electricity is essential in our daily runs
the machines in factories;It starts the
vehicles and light the streets and it，we can
watch TV，listen to the tap
e
recorder，cook meals or store food in the a
word，it helps us a lot in o
ur daily life.
If there were no electricity，all the machines
would stop night，it would
be very would have
to wash our clothes with our ts would us
e oil
lamps to do their would live as our ancestors did
centuries ago.
Therefore，electricity is very
important to life cannot go on without it，not
t
o mention the construction of our country is
short of electricity，now. S
o，everybody should
try to save it.
（三）提纲列出之后，下一步就是用比较标准的英文将你想要说的意
思表达出来，这就需要
有较好的英文基本功底:包括单词、句子结构、语法、词组等等。下面，大家先看
两篇作文，
其思路还算清晰，文章比较切题，层次也很合理，但是，单就其语言文字方面，有哪些主要<
br>问题呢?【例】 Traffic in Big Cities
c has become
a social problem in big cities.
way to solve
this problem is...
r way is...
Traffic has
become a social problem in big cities. Of
course，have a car is a good t
hing，but if every
person own a car，the streets will became too
crowded. So，traff
ic jams occurred during the
rush hours and accidents happened more often.
One way to solve this problem is develop
public transportation example，
we should buy
more buses and we should built more
roads，especially round-the-cit
y roads And
underground trains is also a good solution.
Another way is to reduce t
he big city s
population.
Our country population control is
a wise and necessary big city people
redu
ce，traffic will less crowded.
第一句抄起始句，
无问题。第二句，作者想说:“有车是件好事。”于是就采取了汉语的表达
方式:“have a
car is a good thing”，但英文就大错特错了。须知，英文的主语一般只能是
四部
分组成:名词（含代词）、动名词ving、动词不定式to及句子。动词have是万万不能
当主语的
。所以，至少应改为“having”。接下来，every
person那动词own自然应该加“s”
了。streets
will后面动词用原形become，第三行so大写“s”，Traffic Jams occurred
and
accidents happened.动词完全不需要用过去式，那样，就给人以一种:“
事情已过去了，现
在已经不堵车，也没有交通事故了”的印象。所以，切记，议论文中使用过去式
一定要合理，不要滥用。
第二段“One way to solve this
problem is to develop...”才行。一般来说，每句话只应有
一个谓语动词（
并列时当成一个看），所以，有了“is”，“develop”必须消掉（消动词有三招，
to
v，ving，ved过去分词）。We should
build...，And应小写。underground trains
is...
主谓语不协调或改为trains are，或改为train
is，后者更好些，因为此处不是在查数，而是
在讲一种情况:“地铁”这种形式，是一个好办法。
末一段可改为:
Our country s population control
is a wise and necessary the number of th
e
people in big cities is reduced，traffic will
become less crowded.
综上所述，一篇英文要想写得很地道，起码应注意以下几个方面:
①主语是上述四部分之一吗?
②谓语动词是一个吗?（每句话一个，从句也算一句话）这个动
词时态、语态、语气正确吗?
若是在shall，will，must，may，can等情态或助动词
后，用原形了吗?除了这个谓语之外的
其它动词消掉了吗?（叫做动词的非谓语形式）
③主语与谓语一致吗?
④及物动词或介词后，使用宾语的形式了吗?（主、系表除外）
⑤定语或状语的位置放的合理吗?
⑥从句的引导词使用恰当吗?
⑦单词有没有拼写错误?
（四）现在，我们已经知道了作文大体上怎样写:
①审题并列出提纲（约5分钟）
②开始写:（1）切题（2）干净（3）少犯错误（4）开门见山（5）闪光点（约20分钟）
③交卷前检查（1）拼写错误（2）语法错误等（约5分钟）
2013年6月大学英语四级考试
作文标准版点评
The
importance of doing small things
From the
carton, we can clearly see that the boy is worried
about disposing of
nuclear waste, while his
father tells him to empty the dustbin first. This
carton
reminds me of a Chinese saying:If you
don't clean the room(solve your problems),
then how can you control the world. However,
most people always attach great
importance to
something big, but neglect small things.
In
my opinion, it is necessary and important to do
small things. On the one hand,
doing small
things well helps us to develop good habits, which
set a good foundation
for our future
development. There is no doubt that one of the
greatest differences
between success and
failure is the importance placed on little things.
On the other
hand, the big is the little. If
something needs to be done, it is big. No matter
what kinds of task, if it is worth doing, it
can be big.
Taking all these into account,
we can easily notice that it is reasonable to
do small things before big ones. So before
doing important things, let’s empty our
dustbin first!
【点评】
本次四级作文是一篇图画作文，
大家对于这样的作文形式应该不会陌生吧，历年考题中
也曾出现过类似题型，所以这也算老生常谈了。
图画作文题目怎么写呢？首先要确立文章的基本思想，这是最重要的。我们要确定图画
给我
们传达的是一个什么样的信息。本次作文的重点就在这一句话”the importance of
doing small things before undertaking
something big”。从图画中男孩与父亲的对话
中我们基本可以判断出出题
人的初衷是想说在做大事情之前要先做好小事情，正好对应了中
国的一句谚语：一屋不扫何以扫天下。基
本思想确立以后我们就可以按套路出牌了。
第一段，
我们首先用一两句话对图片做一个简洁的描述，然后总体陈述大多数人的做
法；
第二段，
第二段总起句表明自己的观点，观点一定要陈述清楚，不能含糊。说明doing
small
things 非常重要，然后就这一观点分别详述原因，one the one hand,… one
the other
hand…；
第三段，
总结，一句话概括刚才所支持的观点或原因，最后一句话考生可以照应开篇，
也可以表决心，比如I
decide to …..。
2007月6月
CET4（四级）作文评分的标准样卷
2 Points
In our school has many clubs to students
choose. There are drawing club,
swimming
club, writing club, reading club and so on. The
students very likes take part
in clubs. The
club major active has many students.
Students to join a club is good to yourselves. Not
only increase knowledge, but
also chance
charator. It is enjoy to our campus life. I likes
join clubs very much. So I
have join drawing
club. Although I drawing not very well, but I like
drawing. There
are many students join reading
club. The reading club is reading book, newspaper
and
so on.
If you will think join
reading club, you can find LiMing. He is the
reading club’s
major. He will fell you useful
to join the club. You will also join the other
clubs. You
will ask Miss Chen which the
better to other clubs. You will be interesting in
clubs by
yourselves. As we is known, the
campus life what exciting for us, we are enjoy to
our
school life.
5 Points
Nowadays there are many clubs in
the University. Maybe many people enter the
collenge don’t know how to choose a club what
he want.
Our club founded ten years.
It’s the biggest club in our university. There are
many
activity in our clbus, for example, we
will put a reading speech for a book, we will
talk to each other about our pointment, we
will enjoy many other students who has
any
experience.
Enter our clubs, you can
have many new friends. We have many chance to
learn
for each other. In our clubs, you have
many chance to do what you like, and you can
tell everyone to do with together. Reading
many books and talk with others can
imporve
your ability and knowledge. You can have a happy
life in our club.
How to enter
the reading clubs? It’s very simiple. If you like
it, you want to enter
it, you can send a
Email for g@ or go to the reading road in our
school.
The reading club welcome
you.
8 Points
Do you want tto have some different life
against what you ever had? If so, join us.
Our club is just for the young people, not
matter you are a boy or a girl. And our
club
is named “Happy”, you can find some happy during
the time you played with us.
In our
club, there will be many fun things we will have,
for example, sometimes
we will get together
to have a party, and the party will not only one
style, we will get
the idea from all the
members in our club. Sometimes may be you can have
a travel
near our school. Of course if you
want to go for away from our school is also OK.
In our club, you will make many new
friends, and the life will become more
comfortable. You will get more happy time in
your memory.
If you want to join
us, you can go to the room 200 in F building or
send us a
e-mail. Thank you!
11 Points
Boys and girls,
Attention, please. I have an important
announcement to make.
I’d like to intorduce
our club to you, the name of our club is English
Family, and
it’s five-star club in our
university.
There are many interesting
activities if you join it. We have morning
readings at
the English corner every day, and
we also offer you some useful reading materials.
Besides we have English salon every Tuesday
for you to practice. What’s more
, in weekends
you can enjoy some American movies offered by us.
If you join our club, you will surely
gain a lot. You can improve your English,
make more friends and watch a lot of
interesting movies. English is so important
today, you’d better grasp any opportunity to
improve it.
If you are interested in
our club, don’t wait and join us. Come to the
Deligence
Road tomorrow and sign your name.
then we are all members of English Family.
14 Points
Dear students,
Are you still
worrying about how to improve your English? If so,
don’t hesitate to
join our club PYE.
Our club aims at practising Your English. We
gather to discuss books written in
English
and offfer opportunities to learn from native
speakers every week. We not
only invite
famous language experts to deliver speeches but
also hold new them
activities on a regular
basis.
If you join our club, you will
get an advantage over your fellow students in the
number of chances to have contacts with people
from English-speakng countries. It
will be
easier for you to step closer to the English
literature as well.
So, email us at
pre@ and send your application to us. Club fee is
10 yuan
for a semester. It should be
collected in advance.
We are here
waiting for you to come soon!