大学英语西方文化概论课文翻译
人寿少儿保险-讲话稿
薄
英语翻译1
蚁
Eating Food
That’s Better for You, Organic or Not
芈
吃对你有益的食物，无论是否有机
肆
In the six-
and-one-half years since the federal government
began certifying food as
“organic,” Americans
have taken to the idea with considerable
enthusiasm.
莃
自从联邦政府六年半前开始对食物“有机”认证以来，
美国人以相当大的激情接受了这个
概念。
螁
Sales have at
least doubled, and three-quarters of the nation’s
grocery stores now
carry at least some organic
food.
虿
销售额至少翻倍，国内3 4的食品杂货现在都在出售有机食品。
螈
A Harris Poll in October 2007 found
that about 30 percent of Americans buy organic
food at least on occasion, and most think it
is safer, better for the environment and
healthier.
莆
2007年10月的一份哈里斯
民意调查发现大约30%的美国人至少会偶尔买有机食品，
大部分人认为它更为安全，更有利于环境和更
健康。
袁
People believe it must be better
for you if it’s organic,” says Phil Howard, an
assistant
professor of community, food and
agriculture at Michigan State University.
肀
密歇根州立大学的社区、食品和农业助理教授Phil
Howard说，“人们认为如果它是有机
的话一定会对你更好。”
芆
So I discovered on a recent book tour
around the United States and Canada.
膅
最近我在美国和加拿大宣传新书时发现了这个问题。
羁
No
matter how carefully I avoided using the word
“organic” when I spoke to groups of
food
enthusiasts about how to eat better, someone in
the audience would inevitably ask,
“What if I
can’t afford to buy organic food?”
蒁
当
我和食物爱好群体交流如何吃得更好时，无论我再怎么小心地避免使用“有机”这个词
语，读者中还是会
有人不可避免地问及“如果我买不起有机食品怎么办？”
羈
Organic
food seems to have become the magic cure for all.
袄
有机食品似乎变成万能的神奇疗法。
羁
When people think of eating it, they
think they are eating well, healthily, reasonably,
even morally.
蚈
人们在吃它的时候，他们认为自己吃得好，吃得健康，吃得合理甚至是有道德的。
莅
But eating “organic” offers no guarantee
of any of that.
蚂
但是吃“有机”食品不能对这些提供保障。
肁
And the truth is that most Americans
eat so badly — we get 7 percent of our calories
from soft drinks, more than we do from
vegetables; the top food group by caloric intake
is
“sweets”; and one-third of nation’s adults
are now obese — that the organic question is a
secondary one.
肈
而事实是大部分美国人吃得很糟糕—
—我们从软饮料（不含酒精的饮料）中获取7%的
卡路里，多于我们从蔬菜中所获取的卡路里；卡路里摄
取量最多的食品类别是糖果；国内
13的成年人现在都超重——这样一来有机食品问题成了次要问题。
膇
It’s not unimportant, but it’s not
the primary issue in the way Americans eat.
蚅
它不是不重要，但它不是美国人饮食的首要问题。
膁
To eat well, says Michael Pollan, the
author of In Defense of Food, means avoiding
“edible food-like substances” and sticking to
real ingredients, increasingly from the plant
kingdom. (Americans each consume an average of
nearly two pounds a day of animal
products.)
葿
《食物防御》的作者Michael
Pollan说，要吃得好就意味着要避免‘可食用的类似食品食
品的物质’
，并逐渐地坚持从蔬菜中获取真正的营养成分。（平均每个美国人每天消费近两
磅的肉类产品。）
薅
There’s plenty of evidence that both
a person’s health — as well as the environment’s
— will improve with a simple shift in eating
habits away from animal products and highly
processed foods to plant products and what
might be called “real food.”
蒄
有充足的证据表
明，只要对饮食习惯做简单的改变，把吃肉类食品和高度加工食品的习
惯转为食用蔬果类食品和那些能被
成为“真正的食品”，就能增进一个人的健康和改善环境。
芁
From
these changes, Americans would reduce the amount
of land, water and
chemicals used to produce
the food we eat, as well as the incidence of
lifestyle diseases
linked to unhealthy diets,
and greenhouse gases from industrial meat
production.
袀
这些转变会使美国人减少用于生产食物
的土地，水和化学品，同时降低与不健康饮食有
关的生活方式引发的疾病的发病率，减弱因工业肉类生产
产生的温室效应。
芇
The government’s organic
program, says Joan Shaffer, a spokeswoman for the
Agriculture Department, “is a marketing
program that sets standards for what can be
certified as organic. Neither the enabling
legislation nor the regulations address food
safety or nutrition. ”
芃
“政府的有机计划，”农业部发言人Joan Shaffer说，“是给可以认证为有机的
食品设立标
准的一项市场计划，无论是授权法条或是规定都没有处理食品安全和营养问题。”
莀
People don’t understand that, nor do
they realize “organic” doesn’t mean “local.”
芁
人们不明白这些东西，也不知道“有机”并不意味“本土”。
螅
“It doesn’t matter if it’s from the farm
down the road or from Chile,” Ms. Shaffer said.
“As long as it meets the standards, it’s
organic.”
芆
“无论食品是从路边的农场或是从智利运来”，Shaff
er女士说，“只要符合标准，它就是有
机的。”
蒀
Hence, the organic status of
salmon flown in from Chile, or of frozen
vegetables
grown in China and sold in the
United States — no matter the size of the carbon
footprint
left behind by getting from there to
here.
莈
因此，从智利空运来的鲑鱼或是在美国出售的中国种植的冷冻蔬菜都
是有机的，与食物
从哪里飞到这里来所留下的碳排放量无关。
蒇
Today, most farmers who practice truly
sustainable farming, or what you might call
“organic in spirit,” operate on small scale,
some so small that they can’t afford the
requirements to be certified organic by the
government.
肅
今天大部分农民在实践真正的可持续农业，或者你可能
称之为“精神上的有机”的农民都
实行小规模经营，有一些的规模小到无法承担让政府进行有机认证的费
用。
薀
But the organic food business is
now big business, and getting bigger.
蝿
但有机食品商业现在是大产业，而且日益壮大。
腿
Professor Howard estimates that major
corporations now are responsible for at least
25 percent of all organic manufacturing and
marketing.
袄
Howard教授估计现在大公司至少占整个有机生产与销售市场的25%。
薀
In 2006, sales of organic
foods and beverages totaled about $$16.7 billion,
according
to the most recent figures from
Organic Trade Association.
膀
根据来自有机贸易协会的最新数据，2006年有机食物和饮料的销售总额大约$$167亿。
蚇
But the questions remain over how we
eat in general.
薃
但问题仍然普遍存在于我们怎么吃。
蚀
It may feel better to eat an organic
Oreo than a conventional Oreo, but, says Marion
Nestle, a professor at New York University’s
department of nutrition, food studies and
public health, “Organic junk food is still
junk food. ”
薁
人们可能觉得吃一块有机奥利奥比吃传统的奥利奥要
好。但纽约大学的营养,食品研究和
公共健康系教授Marion
Nestle说，“有机垃圾食品仍然是垃圾食品。”
莈
Last week,
Michelle Obama began digging up a patch of the
South Lawn of the White
House to plant an
organic vegetable garden to provide food for the
first family and, more
important, to educate
children about healthy, locally grown fruits and
vegetables at a time
when obesity and diabetes
have become national concerns.
蚆
上周Michelle Obama开始在白宫南边的草坪上挖一个洞来开垦
一个有机蔬菜种植园，
用来为第一家庭提供食物，更重要的是，在肥胖与糖尿病已经成为举国关注的问题
时，以此
教育孩子有关健康以及当地种植的水果和蔬菜的知识。
螀
But Mrs. Obama also emphasized that there
were many changes Americans can
make if they
don’t have the time or space for an organic
garden.
螇
但与此同时Obama夫人强调，如果，美国民众没有时间或空
间去打理有机蔬果园，那
还有许多美国人可以做的改变。
螆
“You
can begin in your own cupboard,” she said, “by
eliminating processed food,
trying to cook a
meal a little more often, trying to incorporate
more fruits and vegetables.
莄
“你可以从你的食
橱开始”，她说，“清除加工食品，尝试平常多做饭，尝试将更多的水果和
蔬菜加进去。”
袀
Popularizing such choices may not be as
marketable as creating a logo that says
“organic.”
膈
推广这样的选择可能不像创造一个说是“有机的”标志那样可市场化的。
薈
But when Americans have had their
fill of “value-added” and over-processed food,
perhaps they can begin producing and consuming
more food that treats animals and the
land as
if they mattered.
膃
但当美国人民厌倦了“增值的”和“过
度加工的”食品时，他们可能会开始生产和消费更多重
视动物和土地的食品。
芄
Some of that food will be organic, and
hooray for that. Meanwhile, they should
remember that the word itself is not
synonymous to “safe,” “healthy,” “fair” or even
necessarily “good.”
蕿
这些食品当中的一部分将是
有机的，这是再好不过了。同时，人们应该记住这个词本身
不是“安全”、“健康”、“公平”甚至或是
“好”的同义词。
羆
英语翻译2
膆
Leaning
Tower of Pisa
芃
意大利比萨斜塔
羀
The tower in Pisa, Italy, is famous
simply because it leans.
蚈
意大利比萨斜塔着名仅仅是因为它倾斜。
羅
It was closed to the public in 1990,
after fears that an entire busload of tourists at
the
top would be enough to make it fall.
莃
在担心一整辆公共汽车的载客量足以使它倒塌之后，它在1990年向公众停止开放。
莁
Eleven years later, the lean has
been corrected a little, but not entirely.
膆
11年以后倾斜被矫正了一点点，但并没有完全矫正回来。
螄
Although the tower is famous because it
leans, it is an outstanding example of
Romanesque architecture, and would probably be
famous, even if it didn’t lean.
蒃
尽管这
座塔是因为倾斜所闻名，但它仍然是罗马建筑的杰出典范，它仍可能会闻名，即
使它并不倾斜。
蒈
It stands 187 feet high and until
1990 was leaning over at about a 10-degree angle,
the top being 17 feet further over than was
originally intended.
袈
它有187英尺高，直至199
0年它倾斜角度大约10°，顶部比原先预想的要高17英尺。
蒃
It was estimated that the lean was
increasing by one inch every 20 years.
薃
估计它的斜度会每20年增加一英寸。
衿
In 1172,
a wealthy widow named Berta di Bernado, left sixty
coins in her will to buy
stones to begin the
construction of the tower.
芆
在1172年，一位富裕的寡妇名叫“Berta di
Bernado”在她的遗嘱里留下六枚硬币去买石
头，从而开始了这座塔的建筑。
薆
It is a bell tower to accompany the
cathedral that it stands next to.
蚃
它是一座用来陪衬在它旁边的大教堂的钟塔。
芀
It
isn’t quite clear who the actual designer was, but
construction was begun on August
9, 1173.
肇
谁是这座塔真正的设计师并不太清楚，但清楚的是建筑于1173年8月9日开始。
芅
Due to the fact that the people of
Pisa were involved in a lot of wars, with several
stops to fight, it took until 1350 to complete
the building.
螃
由于Pisa斜塔的人被卷入许多
战争的事实以及几次为了抗战的停止，它直到1350年才
完工。
蚀
The tower is circular, and made up of eight floors
of limestone and lime mortar,
covered on the
outside with marble.
蒅
这座塔是圆形的，由八扇石灰石做的门构建起来，外面被大理石所覆盖。
肃
The outside of each level has columns
and arches.
袃
每一层的外面都有石柱和拱门。
螇
There is a staircase of 293 steps
leading up from the ground to the eighth floor;
the
steps are built between an inner wall and
the outer walls.
膇
从地面到8楼有一条293级的台阶，阶梯是建立在内墙与外墙之间。
袂
The eighth floor contains the bells,
seven in all.
袃
第八层装有鸣钟，一共7个。
膈
The first stage was the building
of the first three floors; this began in 1173 and
stopped in 1178, when Pisa was at war.
<
br>蚅
第一阶段是建造前三层，这是在1173年开始建造，在1178年停止，当时Pisa在战乱
之中。
袅
Construction began again in
1275 under an architect called Giovanni di Simone.
羂
1275年在一名叫“Giovanni di
Simone”的指挥下又开始了建造。
蕿
He built the next
three floors, and again work was halted until
1319.
莇
他建造了接下来的三层，直至1319年再建工作才完工。
蚄
The final two floors were added
between 1319 and 1350.
肂
最后的两层是在1319年至1350年被加上去的。
羀
Only 5 years after work on the building
began, it was leaning noticeably to the north.
袅
仅仅5年之后这栋建筑开始动工，它明显地向北倾斜。
蒃
The lean was first noticed during
construction of the third floor.
膂
它的倾斜被人们首次注意是在第三层的建筑期间。
莁
During the building of the next three
floors, the lean was corrected by building the
floors parallel to the ground, and not level
with the leaning building.
薇
在建筑第三层的时
候，它的倾斜通过建造与地面平行而不是同倾斜的建筑相平的楼层来
纠正。
蒆
During this phase the tower started to
lean the other way.
节
在这一阶段塔开始以另一种方式倾斜。
薈
Now it
was leaning to the south.
艿
此时它是向南倾斜的。
芅
The tower is
built on unsuitable ground for such a heavy and
tall building.
莂
这座塔是建立在不适合（建造）这样一座又重又高的建筑的地面上。
罿
It is only about 6 feet above sea
level and built on a riverbed.
螆
它离海平面只有6英尺，建造在河床上。
羃
The
underlying ground is made up of layers of sand and
clay.
蒂
底层地面是由一层层的沙子和黏土构成。
荿
Because the layers are not even, as the
ground has compressed, it has sunk more in
some places than others.
蒈
因为这些层面是？，随着地面被压缩，它的某些地方比其他地方下沉得更多。
螂
The fact that it took such a long time to
build may be the main reason it hasn’t fallen.
蒂
它花了那么长的时间建造可能是它仍不会倒塌的主要原因。
螀
Between the periods of construction, the
ground had time to settle and become
compacted, making the foundations stronger.
膀
在建造期间，地面有段时间安定了下来也变得紧凑了使得地基更坚固。
聿
Another important factor is the
material it is built from; the limestone and lime
mortar
are able to bend and resist the forces
that would make other, more brittle rocks, crack.
袆
另一个重要的因素是建筑它的材料，石灰石和石灰浆能够弯曲和抵抗那些会使其他
更脆
弱的岩石破裂的力量。
膁
Several plans have
been tried over the years to stop the tower from
falling.
袂
多年来，为了防止塔的倒塌尝试了好几项计划。
袈
Some of them have been almost disastrous.
羆
其中一些计划几乎是损失惨重的。
薂
In
1934 an Italian engineer drilled 361 holes into
the base and filled them with mortar.
莀
在1934年一名印度工程师在它的底部钻了361个孔并用灰浆填充。
薇
The tower promptly leaned over some more.
肅
塔很快地倾斜得再多一些。
羃
In
1993, 650 tons of lead were hung from the north
side of the building to try and stop
the lean
increasing.
肂
1993年，650吨的铅被悬挂在大楼的北侧，试图阻止倾斜的增大。
蚀
For a while it worked. In 1995, they
decided to try and increase the foundations under
the south side of the building.
肅
它在一段时间里起效了。在1995年，他们决定尝试去增高在建筑南侧的地基。
莄
They froze the ground using liquid
nitrogen, to stop it moving, and then started to
remove stones, so they could insert metal
rods.
蒀
他们用液氮冻结地面来阻止它的移动，然后开始移动石头这样他们可以插入金属棒。
荿
What they didn’t know was that the
stones they were removing were part of the
original foundation of the building.
膅
他们不知道的是他们所移动的石头是这座建筑原来的地基的一部分。
螅
That is the nearest the tower has come to
disaster.
膂
？
膈
In
one night the lean increased as much as it
normally increases in two years.
芅
在一晚上，它的倾斜增长幅度与通常两年内的倾斜增长幅度相当。
袂
They quickly added another 250 tons of
lead and decided to rethink the whole thing.
虿
他们迅速地再增加250吨铅，并决定反思整件事。
羇
At
this point everyone was just about ready to give
up.
莅
此时每个人都正想要放弃。
节
Then
a British engineering professor came up with yet
another idea.
莁
然后一个英国工程学教授想出了另一个办法。
罿
His plan was to remove ground from
under the high side, instead of trying to add
ground under the low side.
蒅
他的计划是从高处移动地面，而不是尝试往低的一边增高地面。
蚃
In 1999 work began, and was done very
slowly, so that the building wouldn’t get a
sudden shock.
衿
在1999年工程开始，改造得很慢，因此这栋建筑就不会被突然地被震动到。
螈
At the beginning of June 2001, the work
was complete, and the tower had been
straightened up by about 16 inches, which
returns it to the position it held in 1838.
薅
在2001年6月初这项工程被完成了，这座塔已经被校直了大约16英寸，回到了它183
8
年那时的位置。
肄
The engineers believe
that it is safe for at least another 300 years.
薁
工程师认为它在未来300年里是安全的。
蒇
So, if they know how, why didn’t they
just straighten it up all the way?
蚅
因此如果他们知道会怎么样，为什么他们不一直把它纠直呢？
蒅
The answer lies in the tower’s name.
罿
答案在于这座塔的名字。
薀
It
is the Leaning Tower of Pisa and just wouldn’t be
the same if it didn’t lean!
蚄
它是Pisa斜塔，如果它不倾斜那就会（和名字）不一样了。
蚂
Some of the residents of Pisa say it
would be better to let it fall down, rather than
to
straighten it all the way.
一些Pisa的居民说最好让它倒塌了，而不是一直把它纠直。
薄
英语翻译1
蚁
Eating Food That’s
Better for You, Organic or Not
芈
吃对你有益的食物，无论是否有机
肆
In the six-
and-one-half years since the federal government
began certifying food as
“organic,” Americans
have taken to the idea with considerable
enthusiasm.
莃
自从联邦政府六年半前开始对食物“有机”认证以来，
美国人以相当大的激情接受了这个
概念。
螁
Sales have at
least doubled, and three-quarters of the nation’s
grocery stores now
carry at least some organic
food.
虿
销售额至少翻倍，国内3 4的食品杂货现在都在出售有机食品。
螈
A Harris Poll in October 2007 found
that about 30 percent of Americans buy organic
food at least on occasion, and most think it
is safer, better for the environment and
healthier.
莆
2007年10月的一份哈里斯
民意调查发现大约30%的美国人至少会偶尔买有机食品，
大部分人认为它更为安全，更有利于环境和更
健康。
袁
People believe it must be better
for you if it’s organic,” says Phil Howard, an
assistant
professor of community, food and
agriculture at Michigan State University.
肀
密歇根州立大学的社区、食品和农业助理教授Phil
Howard说，“人们认为如果它是有机
的话一定会对你更好。”
芆
So I discovered on a recent book tour
around the United States and Canada.
膅
最近我在美国和加拿大宣传新书时发现了这个问题。
羁
No
matter how carefully I avoided using the word
“organic” when I spoke to groups of
food
enthusiasts about how to eat better, someone in
the audience would inevitably ask,
“What if I
can’t afford to buy organic food?”
蒁
当
我和食物爱好群体交流如何吃得更好时，无论我再怎么小心地避免使用“有机”这个词
语，读者中还是会
有人不可避免地问及“如果我买不起有机食品怎么办？”
羈
Organic
food seems to have become the magic cure for all.
袄
有机食品似乎变成万能的神奇疗法。
羁
When people think of eating it, they
think they are eating well, healthily, reasonably,
even morally.
蚈
人们在吃它的时候，他们认为自己吃得好，吃得健康，吃得合理甚至是有道德的。
莅
But eating “organic” offers no guarantee
of any of that.
蚂
但是吃“有机”食品不能对这些提供保障。
肁
And the truth is that most Americans
eat so badly — we get 7 percent of our calories
from soft drinks, more than we do from
vegetables; the top food group by caloric intake
is
“sweets”; and one-third of nation’s adults
are now obese — that the organic question is a
secondary one.
肈
而事实是大部分美国人吃得很糟糕—
—我们从软饮料（不含酒精的饮料）中获取7%的
卡路里，多于我们从蔬菜中所获取的卡路里；卡路里摄
取量最多的食品类别是糖果；国内
13的成年人现在都超重——这样一来有机食品问题成了次要问题。
膇
It’s not unimportant, but it’s not
the primary issue in the way Americans eat.
蚅
它不是不重要，但它不是美国人饮食的首要问题。
膁
To eat well, says Michael Pollan, the
author of In Defense of Food, means avoiding
“edible food-like substances” and sticking to
real ingredients, increasingly from the plant
kingdom. (Americans each consume an average of
nearly two pounds a day of animal
products.)
葿
《食物防御》的作者Michael
Pollan说，要吃得好就意味着要避免‘可食用的类似食品食
品的物质’
，并逐渐地坚持从蔬菜中获取真正的营养成分。（平均每个美国人每天消费近两
磅的肉类产品。）
薅
There’s plenty of evidence that both
a person’s health — as well as the environment’s
— will improve with a simple shift in eating
habits away from animal products and highly
processed foods to plant products and what
might be called “real food.”
蒄
有充足的证据表
明，只要对饮食习惯做简单的改变，把吃肉类食品和高度加工食品的习
惯转为食用蔬果类食品和那些能被
成为“真正的食品”，就能增进一个人的健康和改善环境。
芁
From
these changes, Americans would reduce the amount
of land, water and
chemicals used to produce
the food we eat, as well as the incidence of
lifestyle diseases
linked to unhealthy diets,
and greenhouse gases from industrial meat
production.
袀
这些转变会使美国人减少用于生产食物
的土地，水和化学品，同时降低与不健康饮食有
关的生活方式引发的疾病的发病率，减弱因工业肉类生产
产生的温室效应。
芇
The government’s organic
program, says Joan Shaffer, a spokeswoman for the
Agriculture Department, “is a marketing
program that sets standards for what can be
certified as organic. Neither the enabling
legislation nor the regulations address food
safety or nutrition. ”
芃
“政府的有机计划，”农业部发言人Joan Shaffer说，“是给可以认证为有机的
食品设立标
准的一项市场计划，无论是授权法条或是规定都没有处理食品安全和营养问题。”
莀
People don’t understand that, nor do
they realize “organic” doesn’t mean “local.”
芁
人们不明白这些东西，也不知道“有机”并不意味“本土”。
螅
“It doesn’t matter if it’s from the farm
down the road or from Chile,” Ms. Shaffer said.
“As long as it meets the standards, it’s
organic.”
芆
“无论食品是从路边的农场或是从智利运来”，Shaff
er女士说，“只要符合标准，它就是有
机的。”
蒀
Hence, the organic status of
salmon flown in from Chile, or of frozen
vegetables
grown in China and sold in the
United States — no matter the size of the carbon
footprint
left behind by getting from there to
here.
莈
因此，从智利空运来的鲑鱼或是在美国出售的中国种植的冷冻蔬菜都
是有机的，与食物
从哪里飞到这里来所留下的碳排放量无关。
蒇
Today, most farmers who practice truly
sustainable farming, or what you might call
“organic in spirit,” operate on small scale,
some so small that they can’t afford the
requirements to be certified organic by the
government.
肅
今天大部分农民在实践真正的可持续农业，或者你可能
称之为“精神上的有机”的农民都
实行小规模经营，有一些的规模小到无法承担让政府进行有机认证的费
用。
薀
But the organic food business is
now big business, and getting bigger.
蝿
但有机食品商业现在是大产业，而且日益壮大。
腿
Professor Howard estimates that major
corporations now are responsible for at least
25 percent of all organic manufacturing and
marketing.
袄
Howard教授估计现在大公司至少占整个有机生产与销售市场的25%。
薀
In 2006, sales of organic
foods and beverages totaled about $$16.7 billion,
according
to the most recent figures from
Organic Trade Association.
膀
根据来自有机贸易协会的最新数据，2006年有机食物和饮料的销售总额大约$$167亿。
蚇
But the questions remain over how we
eat in general.
薃
但问题仍然普遍存在于我们怎么吃。
蚀
It may feel better to eat an organic
Oreo than a conventional Oreo, but, says Marion
Nestle, a professor at New York University’s
department of nutrition, food studies and
public health, “Organic junk food is still
junk food. ”
薁
人们可能觉得吃一块有机奥利奥比吃传统的奥利奥要
好。但纽约大学的营养,食品研究和
公共健康系教授Marion
Nestle说，“有机垃圾食品仍然是垃圾食品。”
莈
Last week,
Michelle Obama began digging up a patch of the
South Lawn of the White
House to plant an
organic vegetable garden to provide food for the
first family and, more
important, to educate
children about healthy, locally grown fruits and
vegetables at a time
when obesity and diabetes
have become national concerns.
蚆
上周Michelle Obama开始在白宫南边的草坪上挖一个洞来开垦
一个有机蔬菜种植园，
用来为第一家庭提供食物，更重要的是，在肥胖与糖尿病已经成为举国关注的问题
时，以此
教育孩子有关健康以及当地种植的水果和蔬菜的知识。
螀
But Mrs. Obama also emphasized that there
were many changes Americans can
make if they
don’t have the time or space for an organic
garden.
螇
但与此同时Obama夫人强调，如果，美国民众没有时间或空
间去打理有机蔬果园，那
还有许多美国人可以做的改变。
螆
“You
can begin in your own cupboard,” she said, “by
eliminating processed food,
trying to cook a
meal a little more often, trying to incorporate
more fruits and vegetables.
莄
“你可以从你的食
橱开始”，她说，“清除加工食品，尝试平常多做饭，尝试将更多的水果和
蔬菜加进去。”
袀
Popularizing such choices may not be as
marketable as creating a logo that says
“organic.”
膈
推广这样的选择可能不像创造一个说是“有机的”标志那样可市场化的。
薈
But when Americans have had their
fill of “value-added” and over-processed food,
perhaps they can begin producing and consuming
more food that treats animals and the
land as
if they mattered.
膃
但当美国人民厌倦了“增值的”和“过
度加工的”食品时，他们可能会开始生产和消费更多重
视动物和土地的食品。
芄
Some of that food will be organic, and
hooray for that. Meanwhile, they should
remember that the word itself is not
synonymous to “safe,” “healthy,” “fair” or even
necessarily “good.”
蕿
这些食品当中的一部分将是
有机的，这是再好不过了。同时，人们应该记住这个词本身
不是“安全”、“健康”、“公平”甚至或是
“好”的同义词。
羆
英语翻译2
膆
Leaning
Tower of Pisa
芃
意大利比萨斜塔
羀
The tower in Pisa, Italy, is famous
simply because it leans.
蚈
意大利比萨斜塔着名仅仅是因为它倾斜。
羅
It was closed to the public in 1990,
after fears that an entire busload of tourists at
the
top would be enough to make it fall.
莃
在担心一整辆公共汽车的载客量足以使它倒塌之后，它在1990年向公众停止开放。
莁
Eleven years later, the lean has
been corrected a little, but not entirely.
膆
11年以后倾斜被矫正了一点点，但并没有完全矫正回来。
螄
Although the tower is famous because it
leans, it is an outstanding example of
Romanesque architecture, and would probably be
famous, even if it didn’t lean.
蒃
尽管这
座塔是因为倾斜所闻名，但它仍然是罗马建筑的杰出典范，它仍可能会闻名，即
使它并不倾斜。
蒈
It stands 187 feet high and until
1990 was leaning over at about a 10-degree angle,
the top being 17 feet further over than was
originally intended.
袈
它有187英尺高，直至199
0年它倾斜角度大约10°，顶部比原先预想的要高17英尺。
蒃
It was estimated that the lean was
increasing by one inch every 20 years.
薃
估计它的斜度会每20年增加一英寸。
衿
In 1172,
a wealthy widow named Berta di Bernado, left sixty
coins in her will to buy
stones to begin the
construction of the tower.
芆
在1172年，一位富裕的寡妇名叫“Berta di
Bernado”在她的遗嘱里留下六枚硬币去买石
头，从而开始了这座塔的建筑。
薆
It is a bell tower to accompany the
cathedral that it stands next to.
蚃
它是一座用来陪衬在它旁边的大教堂的钟塔。
芀
It
isn’t quite clear who the actual designer was, but
construction was begun on August
9, 1173.
肇
谁是这座塔真正的设计师并不太清楚，但清楚的是建筑于1173年8月9日开始。
芅
Due to the fact that the people of
Pisa were involved in a lot of wars, with several
stops to fight, it took until 1350 to complete
the building.
螃
由于Pisa斜塔的人被卷入许多
战争的事实以及几次为了抗战的停止，它直到1350年才
完工。
蚀
The tower is circular, and made up of eight floors
of limestone and lime mortar,
covered on the
outside with marble.
蒅
这座塔是圆形的，由八扇石灰石做的门构建起来，外面被大理石所覆盖。
肃
The outside of each level has columns
and arches.
袃
每一层的外面都有石柱和拱门。
螇
There is a staircase of 293 steps
leading up from the ground to the eighth floor;
the
steps are built between an inner wall and
the outer walls.
膇
从地面到8楼有一条293级的台阶，阶梯是建立在内墙与外墙之间。
袂
The eighth floor contains the bells,
seven in all.
袃
第八层装有鸣钟，一共7个。
膈
The first stage was the building
of the first three floors; this began in 1173 and
stopped in 1178, when Pisa was at war.
<
br>蚅
第一阶段是建造前三层，这是在1173年开始建造，在1178年停止，当时Pisa在战乱
之中。
袅
Construction began again in
1275 under an architect called Giovanni di Simone.
羂
1275年在一名叫“Giovanni di
Simone”的指挥下又开始了建造。
蕿
He built the next
three floors, and again work was halted until
1319.
莇
他建造了接下来的三层，直至1319年再建工作才完工。
蚄
The final two floors were added
between 1319 and 1350.
肂
最后的两层是在1319年至1350年被加上去的。
羀
Only 5 years after work on the building
began, it was leaning noticeably to the north.
袅
仅仅5年之后这栋建筑开始动工，它明显地向北倾斜。
蒃
The lean was first noticed during
construction of the third floor.
膂
它的倾斜被人们首次注意是在第三层的建筑期间。
莁
During the building of the next three
floors, the lean was corrected by building the
floors parallel to the ground, and not level
with the leaning building.
薇
在建筑第三层的时
候，它的倾斜通过建造与地面平行而不是同倾斜的建筑相平的楼层来
纠正。
蒆
During this phase the tower started to
lean the other way.
节
在这一阶段塔开始以另一种方式倾斜。
薈
Now it
was leaning to the south.
艿
此时它是向南倾斜的。
芅
The tower is
built on unsuitable ground for such a heavy and
tall building.
莂
这座塔是建立在不适合（建造）这样一座又重又高的建筑的地面上。
罿
It is only about 6 feet above sea
level and built on a riverbed.
螆
它离海平面只有6英尺，建造在河床上。
羃
The
underlying ground is made up of layers of sand and
clay.
蒂
底层地面是由一层层的沙子和黏土构成。
荿
Because the layers are not even, as the
ground has compressed, it has sunk more in
some places than others.
蒈
因为这些层面是？，随着地面被压缩，它的某些地方比其他地方下沉得更多。
螂
The fact that it took such a long time to
build may be the main reason it hasn’t fallen.
蒂
它花了那么长的时间建造可能是它仍不会倒塌的主要原因。
螀
Between the periods of construction, the
ground had time to settle and become
compacted, making the foundations stronger.
膀
在建造期间，地面有段时间安定了下来也变得紧凑了使得地基更坚固。
聿
Another important factor is the
material it is built from; the limestone and lime
mortar
are able to bend and resist the forces
that would make other, more brittle rocks, crack.
袆
另一个重要的因素是建筑它的材料，石灰石和石灰浆能够弯曲和抵抗那些会使其他
更脆
弱的岩石破裂的力量。
膁
Several plans have
been tried over the years to stop the tower from
falling.
袂
多年来，为了防止塔的倒塌尝试了好几项计划。
袈
Some of them have been almost disastrous.
羆
其中一些计划几乎是损失惨重的。
薂
In
1934 an Italian engineer drilled 361 holes into
the base and filled them with mortar.
莀
在1934年一名印度工程师在它的底部钻了361个孔并用灰浆填充。
薇
The tower promptly leaned over some more.
肅
塔很快地倾斜得再多一些。
羃
In
1993, 650 tons of lead were hung from the north
side of the building to try and stop
the lean
increasing.
肂
1993年，650吨的铅被悬挂在大楼的北侧，试图阻止倾斜的增大。
蚀
For a while it worked. In 1995, they
decided to try and increase the foundations under
the south side of the building.
肅
它在一段时间里起效了。在1995年，他们决定尝试去增高在建筑南侧的地基。
莄
They froze the ground using liquid
nitrogen, to stop it moving, and then started to
remove stones, so they could insert metal
rods.
蒀
他们用液氮冻结地面来阻止它的移动，然后开始移动石头这样他们可以插入金属棒。
荿
What they didn’t know was that the
stones they were removing were part of the
original foundation of the building.
膅
他们不知道的是他们所移动的石头是这座建筑原来的地基的一部分。
螅
That is the nearest the tower has come to
disaster.
膂
？
膈
In
one night the lean increased as much as it
normally increases in two years.
芅
在一晚上，它的倾斜增长幅度与通常两年内的倾斜增长幅度相当。
袂
They quickly added another 250 tons of
lead and decided to rethink the whole thing.
虿
他们迅速地再增加250吨铅，并决定反思整件事。
羇
At
this point everyone was just about ready to give
up.
莅
此时每个人都正想要放弃。
节
Then
a British engineering professor came up with yet
another idea.
莁
然后一个英国工程学教授想出了另一个办法。
罿
His plan was to remove ground from
under the high side, instead of trying to add
ground under the low side.
蒅
他的计划是从高处移动地面，而不是尝试往低的一边增高地面。
蚃
In 1999 work began, and was done very
slowly, so that the building wouldn’t get a
sudden shock.
衿
在1999年工程开始，改造得很慢，因此这栋建筑就不会被突然地被震动到。
螈
At the beginning of June 2001, the work
was complete, and the tower had been
straightened up by about 16 inches, which
returns it to the position it held in 1838.
薅
在2001年6月初这项工程被完成了，这座塔已经被校直了大约16英寸，回到了它183
8
年那时的位置。
肄
The engineers believe
that it is safe for at least another 300 years.
薁
工程师认为它在未来300年里是安全的。
蒇
So, if they know how, why didn’t they
just straighten it up all the way?
蚅
因此如果他们知道会怎么样，为什么他们不一直把它纠直呢？
蒅
The answer lies in the tower’s name.
罿
答案在于这座塔的名字。
薀
It
is the Leaning Tower of Pisa and just wouldn’t be
the same if it didn’t lean!
蚄
它是Pisa斜塔，如果它不倾斜那就会（和名字）不一样了。
蚂
Some of the residents of Pisa say it
would be better to let it fall down, rather than
to
straighten it all the way.
一些Pisa的居民说最好让它倒塌了，而不是一直把它纠直。