英语名词作状语的结构及其用法
得民心者得天下-秋游活动方案
英语名词作状语的结构及其用法
在英语句子中，状语通常由
副词或介词短语来充当。名词主要用作主语、宾语和表语等句子成分，
其作状语直接修饰动词、副词、形
容词等的用法经常被忽略。其实在英语的实际使用中，名词作状语
很普遍。尤其是在现代英语口语中，名
词作状语这一现象屡见不鲜。而一般语法书对此谈得很少，甚
至只字未提。笔者在此就英语名词作状语的
结构及其用法作一粗浅归纳，以期对英语学习者有所帮助。
一、名词作状语的结构
1.名词+s
该结构中的名词主要是表示“时间”意义的名词，加上s后在句中作状
语，有些词典因而把
这类名词看作副词。如:hours, mornings,
afternoons, evenings, nights, weekends, Mondays,
Tuesdays等。
这类名词主要用于美国英语。例如:
We have been
sitting here hours waiting for you.
We worked
nights at that time.
Tuesdays I usually go to
the library to read some magazines.
I haven' t
so much to do evenings and weekends.
2.不定冠词+名词
该结构有时表达程度轻、数量少、时间短。例如:
I hardly slept a wink last night.昨天晚上我连眼都没合。
Wait a minute, please!
3.不定代词+名词
不定代词some, any, all,
another等加上一些表时间意义或行为方法的名词，通常在句中直接作状语。
例如:
He has waited some time.
I will stay
another five months.
It may start raining any
moment.
Do it any way you like.
4.指示代词+名词
该结构构成的名词短语通常在句中充当状语。例如:
He asked us whether we were going away
that day.
We have been discussing the project
these days.
I’11 come and see you again this
evening.
He has been watching you these ten
minutes.
Do it this way.
5.数词+名词
这些名词通常是表示度量或时间的名词。多数用作程度状语，修饰形容词或副词，也可以修饰动
词。例如
:
This desk is two meters long.
I walk
three kilometers a day.
The baby weighs nine
pounds.
The meeting will last six days.
I’m five years older than his brother.
Why
did you come two hours late this morning?
6.形容词+名词。next, first, last,
whole等形容词加上名词可引起该词组的状语化。例如:
I saw a film
yesterday and I' 11 see another next week.
He
went to Shanghai last Monday.
First thing in
the morning we swept the courtyard.
We swam
the whole day.
7.名词+连词介词+名词。以并列连词and或or以及介词by, after,
in等连接起来构成固定短语的名
词词组通常在句中作状语修饰谓语动词。
常见的有:day
after day, night after night, year after year, arm
in arm, hand in hand, bit by bit, step by step,
part by part, side by side, time and time
again, heart and soul, hand and foot, rain or
shine等。例如:
She looked after the child day and
night.
They waited on him hand and
foot.他们殷勤周到地侍候他。
We should serve the people
heart and soul.我们应该全心全意为人民服务。
在这些名词词组里，前后两个名词通
常属于同类性质的名词或同一个名词，如可以是人体某部位
或其它同类物体。这些词组作状语，常放在句
尾，具有加强语气的作用。
二、名词作状语的用法
名词作状语时，可在句中修饰谓语动词、形容词、副词以及介词短语等。