小学五年级英语语法
德伯家的苔丝读后感-品牌顾问
小学五年级英语语法
特殊疑问句
表示疑问，有疑问词（在开头），回答有很多种可能。
常用疑问词：
疑问词
What time
Who
Whose
Where
What
What colour
How old
How many
How
much
一般疑问句
如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句：
1、看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可。
2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。
3、如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。
分四个步骤：
（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。
（2）确定助动词用do还是does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人
称单数的助动词就用does
（3）把助动词后提到句首。
（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。
强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。
意思
什么时间
谁
谁的
在哪里
什么
什么颜色
多大年纪
多少数量（可数名词）
用法
问具体时间，如几点钟
问人
问主人
问地点
问东西、事物
问颜色
问年纪
问数量
多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词） 问多少钱或数量（不可数）
一般将来时
表示将来将要发生的动作，
经常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow,
the year after the next,
in five hours'
time, etc. 表示将来的词联用。
结构：主语+助动词will+动词原形
I will go to America tomorrow.
The pilot
will fly to Japan the month after the next.
Jack will move into his new house tomorrow
morning.
★变疑问句将助动词移到句首
Will you go
to America tomorrow?
Will the pilot fly to
Japan the month after the next?
Will Jack
move into his new house tomorrow morning?
★变否定句在助动词后面加not
I will not go to America
tomorrow.
The pilot will not fly to Japan
the month after the next.
Jack will not
move into his new house tomorrow morning.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, I will. No, I will not.
Yes, heshe will. No, heshe will not.
Yes, he will. No, he will not.
★特殊疑问句
What will you do?
现在进行时
表示现在正在进行的动作。
构成：
主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分
We are having lunch.
He is reading a book.
The dog is
running after a cat.
The boys are swimming
across the river.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
Are we having lunch?
Is he reading a book?
Is the dog running after a cat?
Are the boys swimming across the river?
★变否定句在be动词后面加 not
We are not having lunch.
He is not reading a book.
The dog
is not running after a cat.
The boys are
swimming across the river.
★特殊疑问句：what,
which, how, where, who, etc.
疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词
What are you doing?
What is she doing?
What is the dog doing?
没有进行时的动词(必背)
表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作
1. 表示感觉，感官的词
see, hear, like, love, want,
2.
have, has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时
过去式
表示过去发生的动作或事件
常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, the day
before yesterday, 3 days ago,
含有be动词的句子，
将动词变为过去式，am, is的过去式为was，are的过去式为were
I was
at the butcher’s.
You were a student a
year ago.
The teacher was very beautiful
ten years ago.
★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首
Were you at the butcher’s?
Were you a
student a year ago?
Was the teacher very
beautiful ten years ago?
★变否定句在be动词后面加not
I was not at the butcher’s.
You
were not a student a year ago.
The teacher
was not very beautiful ten years ago.
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes, I was. No, I was not.
Yes, you were. No, you were not.
Yes,
heshe was. No, heshe was not.
★特殊疑问句：
What did you do?
(必背)
不含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式
I finished my homework
yesterday.
The boy went to a restaurant.
The Sawyers lived at King Street a year
ago.
★变疑问句在句首加did， 动词变为原型
Did
you finish your homework yesterday?
Did
the boy go to a restaurant?
Did the
Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?
★变否定句在主语和动词之间加did not
I
did not finish my homework yesterday.
The
boy did not go to a restaurant.
The
Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, I did. No, I
didn’t.
Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.
Yes, they did. No, they did not.
现在完成时
构成：主语+助动词have, has+过去分词
用法：
2) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和just, usually, already,
since等时间副词连
用
I have just had lunch.
(饱了，不用再吃了)
He has had a cup of
tea.(不渴了，不用再喝)
They have already had their
holiday. (不能再度假了)
The boy has already read
the book. (已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了)
3)
询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：
Have you finished your
homework?
Have you been to Beijing?
Have he seen the film?
4) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作
I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.
I have worked for this school for 1 year.
5) 表示一种经历，经验：去过…地方，做过…事情，经历过…事情
I
have never had a bath.
I have never seen a
film.
I have never been to cinema.
I have ever been to Paris.
Have
been to表示去过，have gone to 表示去了
I have been
to London.(人已经回来)
He has gone to
London.(人还在那里)
6) 表示一种结果， 一般不和时间副词联用
I have lost my pen.
I have hurt myself.
He has become a teacher.
She has
broken my heart.
句型变化：
★变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否定句在助动词后面加not.
e.g. Have
you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, I have. No, I have not.
★特殊疑问句：
What have you done?
What has he done?
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：
凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时
注意：有些动词表示的动作有一个终点，不能再延续，因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用
错：I’ve left Beijing for 3 days.
对：I left
Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being
for 3 days.
过去完成时
用法：在过去的时间里，两个动作中，发生在前的那个动作要用过去完成时。
结构：had+过去分词
After she had finished her
homework, she went shopping.
They had sold
the car before I asked the price.
The
train had left before I arrived at the station.
Afterbefore引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号，如果放在主句后则不用加。
1.变疑问句将助动词移到句首
Had she finished
her homework?
2. 变否定句在助动词后面加not
She hadn’t finished her homework.
3.
肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, she had. No, she hadn’t.
4.特殊疑问句：
What had she done?
名词
这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is
名词复数如何加后缀：
各种不同情况
一般情况
以s. x. sh. ch结尾
变化方法
直接加-s
加-es
例词
book-books bag-bags
cat-cats bed-beds
bus-buses box-boxes brush-
brushes
watch-watches peach—peaches glass--
glasses
以“辅音字母+y”结尾
以“f或fe”结尾
变y为i,
再加-es
family-families study--studies
变f或fe为v，再加
knife-knives
-es
不规则名词复数
man-men woman-women policeman-policemen
polic
ewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet
child-chil
dren fish-fish Chinese-Chinese
人称代词和物主代词
人称代词
单数
主格
第一人称
第二人称
宾格
I（我）
you（你）
he（他）
第三人称 she（她）
it（它）
主格
me
you
him
her
it
they
（他她它们）
them
复数
宾格
we（我们）
you（你们）
形容词性
us
you
单数
形容词性
my（我的） our（我们的）
物主代词
复数
your（你的） your（你们的）
his（他的）
her（她的）
it（它的）
their
（他她它们的）
小学五年级英语重点 语法归纳
1：是序数词，与相连，解释为第一。
2：像，term，world作为词组出现时前面要加。
3：所有；后面的可数名词用复数形式，be动词用。
4：一些；用在否定句和一般疑问句中，与同义。用在肯定句中。
5：there
be+数词，采用就近原则。
6：a map of China 与 a map of
the world 要牢记。
7：要用the wall，不能用the
wall。门、窗在墙上才能用the wall。
8：can 后+动词原形。
9：play+the+乐器； play+球类；
10：like的用法
+可数名词复数形式（指一类的东西）。
+this+名词单数。
+some+不可数名词。
+动词ing形式（动名词）。
11：动词变动名词形式方法：
A--直接在动词后面+ing形式（大多数）。
B--
以不发音的结尾的，要去掉e后再+ing，比如：dancing，making，riding。
C--重读be音节，末尾只有一个辅音，须双写末尾的字母后再+ing
如：running，swimming，sitting，putting。
12：现在进行时的构成：be动词+动词ing形式。标志：now、look、listen、it's
time to。
13：现在进行时的一般疑问句 问--be动词+人称+时态（动词ing）
答--Yes，heSheit isamare. No，heSheit
isn'taren'tam not.
14：用Are you...? Yes,I am
we are. No,I'm notWe aren't.
15: 动词后+人称宾格形式.
16：一般现在时的构成：第三人称单数（三单）。要注意：后面的动词+s或es。
特例：have→has do→dose go→goes； 标志：often，usually。
17：有些名词变动词时要变形式，例如：teacher→teach；driver→drive.