英语演讲文章-学习心得体会范文

一、过度包装
话题原文：
过度包装浪费资源、污染环境、危害社会利益 ，于国家、社会和个人都是有百害而无一利，
应坚决予以杜绝。要建立朴素的包装理念，提倡适度包装。 建设节约型社会
(conservation-mindedsociety)，社会、企业和个人都有 责任。个人要建立绿色消费观，提倡朴
素消费。如果人际交往中重情谊轻礼品，重实际轻面子，这样过度 包装就没有生存的土壤。社
会应加大宣传力度，引导朴素、理性的消费观念，培育健康的社会风貌。
参考译文：
Over-packaging should be forbidden due to itswasting resources, polluting the environment,
endangering social interest, which will do nothingbut harm to the country, society and individuals.
Weshould establish the idea of packaging simply andadvocate proper package. It's the common
responsibility of society, enterprises and individualsto construct a conservation-minded society.
Individuals should build up. a view of greenconsumption and advocate plain-consuming. If
everyone emphasizes friendship rather thangifts, content rather than surface in social relationship,
over-packaging can by no means society should further advocate the concept of plain and
reasonable consuming so as tofoster a healthy social atmosphere.
1.有百害而无一利:可译为do nothing but harm to...。其中do nothing but意为“只，仅仅”，
更有“除此之外并无其他”的意味。也可以用is of no good for来表达。
2.节约型社会:可以有多种表达，如conservation-minded society, conservation-oriented
society或resource-saving society等。
3.绿色消费观:可译为a view of green consumption。“观点”可以用view, concept, idea等
词表达。
4.朴素消费:可译为plain- consuming。其中plain意为“朴素的，简朴的”，例如 “艰苦朴素”
可译为hardworking and plain-living。
5.重情谊轻礼品:可以理解为“重视情谊而不是礼品”，故此处译为emphasizes friendship
rather thangifts。

二、脸谱
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
脸谱(facial makeup)是指中国传统戏剧—京剧里男演员脸部的彩色化妆。它在色彩、形式
和类型上有一定的格 式。脸谱运用红色、黄色、白色、黑色、紫色、绿色和银色代表不同的人
物性格。各角色的脸谱由油漆、 粉和油彩画成，基本形式是整脸、三块瓦脸(San KuaiWaLian)
和碎脸。这些脸谱类型被 广泛用于代表将军、官员、英雄、神灵和鬼魅。通过眼睛和鼻子周围
形状各异的白色小块, 可以辨别出丑角(Chou actors)。有时这些小块以黑色勾勒，常称小花脸。
参考译文:
Facial makeup refers to the colorful painting on the face of the actors in Peking Opera, which
is a traditional Chinese opera. It has certain format in terms of color ,design and type .Red，yellow，
white，black，purple，green and silver are the main colors used for facial makeup to represent
different characters. The facial designs for the roles are made by painting, powdering and coloring
in the basic forms of ZhengLzan(keeping the basic face pattern)，San KuaiWaLian(three-section face)
and SuiLian(fragmentary face).These types are widely used to represent generals ,officials，
heroes ,gods and ghosts. The Chou (clown) actors can be recognized by the patch of white in
variousshapes painted around the eyes and nose. Sometimes these patches are outlined in black,
oftencalled Xiao HuaLian(partly painted face).
1.脸部的彩色化妆:可译为the colorful painting on theface。
2.在色彩、形式和类型上:可用词组in terms of表达，译为in terms of color,design and type。
3.整脸、三块瓦脸和碎脸 :“整脸”是最原始的脸谱形式，利用双眉把脸分为额和面两个部分
的脸谱;“三块瓦脸”是在整脸的基 础上再利用口鼻把面部分为左右的脸谱;“碎脸”是三块瓦脸的
变种，其分界边缘花形极大，破坏了原有 的轮廓。这里可先音译成汉语拼音，再在括号内加以
解释说明。
4.形状各异的:即“不同形状的”，可译为in various shapes或in different shapes。
5.丑角:翻译为Chou actors，同样地，括号内可以加注解(Clown)。
6.勾勒:翻译为outline。

三、酒文化
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
在中国，酒(white spirit)作为一种特殊的文化形式，有着5000多年的历史。确超所著的《杯
里春秋》(The Spring and Autumn in the Cup)—书认为，喝酒有点像学问，而不是大吃大喝。
中国历史上有很多关于酒的故事。唐代伟大诗人李白可以“斗酒诗百篇”，喝得越多，他的诗就
作得越好。在中国民俗中，酒有着极其重要的地位。不论是君王还是平民，都用烈酒(spirit)庆
祝各个节日、婚礼、生日聚会，纪念逝者，为亲友接风或送行，庆贺好消息，摆脱焦虑和治疗
疾病以求长 寿。
参考译文:
White spirit，as a special form of Chinese culture,has a history of more than 5,000 years.
According tothe book The Spring and Autumn in the Cup by LinChao，white spirit drinking is
something of learningrather than eating and drinking. There are manystories about white spirit in
Chinese history. The great poet Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty could“write 100 poems after drinking
white spirit”，and the more white spirit he drank, the better hispoem would be. White spirit plays
an extremely important role in Chinese folk custom. Spiritsare used to celebrate different festivals，
wedding ceremonies and birthday parties，tomemorize the departed，to welcome and send off
relatives and friends, to congratulate thegood news and to get rid of anxiety，to cure diseases and
prolong life，both for emperorsand ordinary people.
1.有点像学问:可译为be something of learning。这里besomething of意为“有点像”，例
如He is something of amusician.(他有点像音乐家)。
2.而不是大吃大喝:可译为rather than eating anddrinking。其中“而不是”用rather than表
达更简洁，也可用instead of。
3.斗酒诗百篇:即“喝完酒后能写100首诗”，可译为write100 poems after drinking white
spirit。
4.有着极其重要的地位:可译为plays an extremely important role in…
5.各个节日、婚礼、生日聚会:可译为different festivals，wedding ceremonies and birthday
parties。

6.为亲友接风或送行:“接风”即“欢迎”，故此处可译为welcome and send off relatives and
friends。其中send off意为“送行”，也可用 see sb off 为某人送行”。
四、丝绸之路
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
丝绸之路(the Silk Road)是中国古代最著名的贸易路线。在这条路上运输的商品中，丝绸
占很大部分，因此得名“丝绸之路”。丝绸之路起点始于长安。终点远达印度、罗马等国家。丝
绸之路 从汉代开始形成，到唐代达到鼎盛，骆驼曾是丝绸之路上的主要交通工具。中国的造纸、
印刷等伟大发明 通过这条路传播到了西方，而佛教等宗教也被引入中国。丝绸之路不仅仅是古
代国际贸易路线，更是连接 亚洲、非洲、欧洲的文化桥梁。
参考译文：
The Silk Road is the most well-known trade route in ancient China. It got its name because silk
comprised a large proportion of commodities transported along this road. The Silk Road extended
from Chang'an to countries as far as India and Rome. It came into being during the Han Dynasty
and reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty. With camels being the major means of transportation,
great inventions in China, such as paper-making and printing were spread to the Western world
along this road and religions like Buddhism were also introduced to China. The Silk Road was not
only an ancient international trade route, but also a cultural bridge linking Asia with Africa and
Europe.
五、人民币升值
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
受到中国经济内部动力(dynamics)和外来压力的 共同影响，人民币近几年来不断升值
(appreciate)。内部影响主要有中国物价水平、通货膨 胀状况、经济增长状况以及利率水平，外
部影响主要来自发达国家施加的压力，尤其是日本和美国。人民 币升值会增加人民币的购买力，
扩大国内消费者对进口产品的需求，还可以减轻进口能源和原料的成本负 担。但它会影响国内
金融市场的稳定，使出口产品的成本上升，从而降低中国产品在国际市场上的竞争力 。
参考翻译:

Influenced jointly by internal dynamics of Chineseeconomy and external pressures, RMB
hasappreciated constantly in recent years. Theinternal influences mainly include China's pricelevel,
the situations of inflation and economicgrowth, as well as interest rate level, while the external
influences mainly come from thepressures exerted by developed countries, Japan and America in
particular. The appreciationof RMB will not only increase its purchasing power and expand
domestic consumers' demandsfor imported goods, but also alleviate the cost burden of imported
energies and raw r, it may affect the stability of the domestic financial market
and raise the cost ofexported products, which would reduce the competitive power of Chinese
products in theglobal market.
1.第一句“人民币近几年来不断升值”，时态要采用现在 完成时，表示已经发生并且还在持
续。“受到的共同影响”可采用过去分词作状语，译为influen ced jointly by...。
2.第二句由两部分组成，第一部分叙述内部影响，第二 部分叙述外部影响，可用while进
行连接，表示对比。修饰“压力”的定语“来自发达国家施加的” 较长，可后置用过去分词exertedby
developed countries表取;也可译为定语从句whichare exerted by...。
3.在“人民币升值会增加…能源和原料的成本负担”中，主语为“人民币升值”，谓语动词有三
个：“ 增加”“扩大”和“减轻”，可以用not only... but also...衔接，体现隐含的递进关系。
4.最后一句由三个分句组成，其中“从而降低…” 可以理解成前面内容造成的结果，因此在
翻译时可以将此层逻辑关系表达出来，用which引导的非限 制性定语从句补充说明结果。
六、中国古代神话
尽管中国古代神话(mytholog y)没有十分完整的情节，神话人物也没有系统的家谱
(genealogy)，但它们却有着鲜明的东 方文化特色，其中尤为显著的是它的尚德精神(the spirit of
esteeming v irtue)。这种尚德精神在与西方神话特别是希腊神话比较时，显得更加突出。在西
方神话尤其是希 腊神话中，对神的褒贬标准多以智慧、力量为准则，而中国古代神话对神的褒
贬则多以道德为准绳。这种 思维方式深植于中国的文化之中。几千年来，这种尚德精神影响着
人们对历史人物的品评与现实人物的期 望。
【参考译文】
Although ancient Chinese mythology does not have relatively complete plot and mythological
figures don't have systematic genealogy, they have distinct features of oriental culture, among
which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly compared with Western
mythology, especially Greek mythology, this spirit of esteeming virtue is even more
Western mythology, especially Greek mythology,the criteria for judging whether a god is good or
not are mostly the god's wisdom and strength,while in ancient Chinese mythology, the criterion
lies in morality. This way of thinking is deeply rooted in Chinese thousands of years,

this spirit of esteeming virtue has affected people's comments on historical figures and
expectations of real people.
七、秦朝
秦朝是中国历史上第一个统一的、多民族的、中央集权的、封建王朝(feudal dynasty)。尽管秦朝只持续了15年，但是它在中国历史上扮演着重要角色，对后续朝代产生了重大影响。
为了巩 固国家统一，维持秦朝永传万代，秦始皇在政治、经济、军事和文化上进行了很多改革。
政治上，他宣布 自己就是这个国家的皇帝，手握重权。经济上，他统一了度量衡(weights and
measu res)和货币。另外，他还统一了文字以及车轮之间的距离。世界奇迹—万里长城也是他
命令建造的。
【参考译文】
The Qin Dynasty was the first unitary,multi-nationaland power-centralized,feudal dynasty in
gh lasting only for 15 years,it playedan important role in Chinese history and
exerted agreat influence on the foltowing ngthen the unity of the nation and to
perpetuate the Qin Dynasty,Emperor Qin Shi Huangcarried out many reforms in
politics,economy,military affairs and politics,he declaredhimself the emperor of the stale
in possession of all major economy,he standardizedweights and measures as well as
money .In addition,he standardized the written characters andthe distance between two
miracle of the world,the Great Wall of China was alsobuilt under his order.
八、狮舞
狮舞(Lion Da nce)是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被
视为是能带来好运的 吉祥物(mascot)。古人将狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保
护人类。据记载，狮舞 已拥有了2,000多年的历史。在唐代(the Tang Dynasty)，狮舞就已经
被引入了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节(the Lantern Festival)和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来
祈祷好运、平安和幸福。
The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in lion is the king of
animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good t
people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and
protect humans. The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. During the Tang
Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty. Therefore,
performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom
where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.
九、五四运动
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
五四运动(the May Fourth Movement)是1919年5月4日发生的一场反帝反封建
(anti- imperialist, anti-feudal)的政治文化运动。这次运动以北京为中心，很快扩大到上 海、天
津、青岛等许多城市。五四运动是以青年学生为主力，市民、商人和工人等广泛参与的一次爱琴运动。他们通过示威游行、罢工等各种活动来抗议软弱的政府，要求恢复国家主权
(sovere ignty)。五四运动对中国的政治、文化、教育，以及中国共产党(the Communist Party
ofChina)的发展有着重要的作用。为了纪念这次运动中华人民共和国成立后正式宣 布5月4日
为中国青年节(the Chinese Youth Day)。

参考翻译:
The May Fourth Movement, which took place on May4, 1919, was an anti- imperialist,
anti-feudal, politicaland cultural movement. The movement wascentered in Beijing, and soon
spread to Shanghai,Tianjin, Qingdao and many other cities. It was apatriotic movement with broad
participation by citizens, businessmen and workers, in whichyoung students served as the main
force. They took various activities, such as demonstrationand strike, to protest the weak
government and claim to recover the national May Fourth Movement played a
significant role in Chinese politics, culture, education as wellas the development of the Communist
Party of China. In order to commemorate thismovement, the May 4 was officially announced as the
Chinese Youth Day after the foundingof People's Republic of China.
1.第一句 中的“一场反帝反封建的政治运动”修饰语很长，可一一对应地翻译成形容词，并
列作定语，即an anti-imperialist, anti-feudal, political and culturalmovement。
2.翻译第三句“五四运动是以青年学生…”时，可将“是 一次爱国运动”作为句子主干，“市民、
商人和工人等广泛参与的”处理成with broad participation by...修饰“爱国运动(patriotic
movement)”，“以青年学生为主力”则使用in which引导的定语从句来表达。
3.“抗议软弱的政府，要求恢复国家主权”是举行各种活动的最终目的，可使用不定式来表
达，译为to protestthe weak government and claim to recover the national sovereignty。
4.最后—句中的“中 华人民共和国成立后正式宣5月4日为中国青年节”，汉语原文中没有
主语，翻译时可采用被动语态。
十、尊师重教
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
尊师重教在中国有着悠久的传统。 自古以来，中华民族都把教育放在十分重要的地位。即
使人们不是很富有，社会上的各个阶层还是会想方 设法让子女上学读书，接受教育。教师的地
位取决于对教育的重视。在中国古代，有许多尊师的说法。对 老师的尊重，表现在社会生活的
各个方面。教师见君王可以免去礼节 (etiquette)，反而官 员们见到老师要躬身下拜。现在，中
国还把每年的九月十日定为教师节,以表达对教师的尊重。
参考翻译:
It is a long-standing tradition in China that peoplelay much stress on education and show high
respectfor the ancient times,the Chinesenation has put education in a very
social classes will try by every means tohave their children go to school to
receive education,even though they are not statusof the teacher depends on the
importance attached to ancient China,there weremany sayings about respecting the
t for the teacher can be seen in all aspects ofsocial teacher could be
excused from etiquette when meeting the emperor,but officialsshould bow down when meeting
the ys,China has set September 10th eachyear as the Teachers ’Day,in order to
show respect for them.
1.尊师重教:可译为lay much stress on education and show high respect for the teacher。
其中lay much stress on意为“重视，强调”，等同于attach great importance to。

2.想方设法:可译为try by every means to或do everything possible to。
3.地位:即“社会地位”，可译为social status或status。
4.免去礼节:可译为be excused from etiquette。其中“免去”译为be excused from 或be
spared from,etiquette意为“礼节”。
5.躬身下拜:可译为bow down。
十一、大学生创业
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
近年来大学生创业(entrepreneurship) 问题越来越受到社会的关注,因为受过多年教育的大
学生属于高级知识分子,他们背负着社会的种种期望 。在社会经济繁荣发展的同时,大学生创业
也成为新气象。现代大学生有创新精神,有对传统观念和传统 行业挑战的信心和欲望,而这种创
新精神也成为大学生创业的动力源泉,成为成功创业的信心基础。大学 生怀揣创业梦想,努力打
拼,实现自己的理想,证明自己的价值。
参考翻译:
Educated for many years,college students bearexpectations from society as
ore,in recent years,society haspaid more and more attention to
theentrepreneurship of college thedevelopment of our society and
economy,entrepreneurship of college students has become anew
innovative,college students in modern society have the confidenceand desire to challenge the
traditional ideas and is such spirit of innovationthat makes college students
motivated to establish a business and confident to g the dream of
establishing a business ,college students work hard to realize theirideals and prove themselves.
1.越来越受到...的关注:有很多译法,可以灵活处理,如toattract an increasing attention
from…也可译为befocused on more and more,文中翻译为 has paid moreand more attention
to。
2.背负着社会的种种期望:可译为bear expectations ofsociety。
3.创业:有很多译法,可以根据不同情况进行选择,文中译为establish a business,也可译为
start one's ownenterprise。
4.传统行业:可译为traditional professions或traditional industries。
5.成为成功创业的信心基础:可以理解为“更有信心取得成功”,故译为be confident to
achieve success。
6.怀揣…梦想:可译为bearing the dream of...,也可译为having the dream of...,这里用现在
分词形式作状语。
7.实现自己的理想:可译为realize one's ideals,还可用to put one's dream into reality表达。
十二、普通话与方言

请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
中国土地广 阔，人口众多。尽管全国都讲汉语，但是不同地区的人说汉语的方式不同，这
被称为方言。方言一般被称 为地方话，是汉语在不同地区的分支，只在特定地区使用。汉语方
言非常复杂。它们有以下三方面不同： 发音、词汇和语法。发音的区别最为显著。2000多年
前，中国人发现社交时应该使用统一的语言。和 方言相比，普通话(mandarin)能被所有人理解。
普通话有利于不同种族、地区人民之间的信息 传递和文化交流。
参考翻译:
China has a vast land and a large population. Eventhough the Chinese language is spoken all
over thecountry, people in different areas speak it in differentways, which are called dialects.
Generally called locallanguages, dialects are branches of the Chineselanguage in different regions,
and are only used in certain areas. Dialects of the Chineselanguage are very complicated. They
differ from each other in three aspects: pronunciation,vocabulary and grammar. And the
difference in pronunciation is the most outstanding. Over2,000 years ago, Chinese people realized
that a common language should be used in social activities. Compared with dialects，mandarin can
be understood by all people. It is beneficialto information transmission and cultural exchange
between ethnic groups and people indifferent places..
1.土地广阔：可转译为名词短语a vast land。vast是指“幅员辽阔的”，这里不能用wide 。
但是表示物体的宽度时可以用wide,比如：The river is 100m wide.(这条河宽100米。)
2.人口众多：即“很多的人口”，可转译为名词短语a largepopulation。
3.与...不同：可译为differ from或be different from。
4.发音的区别最为显著：可译为The difference in pronunciation is the most outstanding。
5.有利于：可译为be beneficial to。
6.信息传递和文化交流：可译为information transmission and cultural excha