2020年7月全国自考英语翻译试题及答案解析
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全国2018年7月高等教育自学考试
英语翻译试题
课程代码：00087
(请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上)
一、 单项选择题 （本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
（一）本部分共有10
小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近，选择最佳译文。
错选、多
选或未选均无分。（20分）
1. Tombs and temples of ancient
Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan.
A.
古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟随着尼罗河一直到苏丹。
B.
古埃及的坟墓和寺庙很好地跟随着尼罗河，然后进入苏丹。
C.
尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以见到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。
D.
从尼罗河到苏丹，有许多古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。
2. Anger and bitterness
had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a
deep languor had succeeded this passionate
struggle.
A.
愤怒和痛苦接连几个星期折磨着我，一种深深的无力战胜了这种激烈的斗争。
B.
几个星期以来，我又气又恨，感到非常痛苦，这种感情上的激烈斗争过去之后，我感到浑身无力。
C.
愤怒和辛酸折磨着我，已经有好几个星期了，经过激烈的挣扎，我感到浑身无力。
D.
我又气又痛苦，接连几个星期都这样。这种激烈的挣扎把我折磨得一点力气都没有。
3. It
was an old woman, tall and shapely still, though
withered by time, on whom his eyes fell when he
stopped and turned.
A. 这是一个老妇女，虽然受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴
，仍然个子高挑，身材匀称，当他停下转身时，目光落在她身
上。
B.
他站住，转过身，定睛一看，是个年迈的妇女，她虽然受时间的煎熬显得有些憔悴，仍然身材高挑，一副好模样。
C.
他站住，转过身，定睛一看，是一个虽然受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴，仍然身材高挑，一副好模样的年迈的妇女。
D.
这是一个个子高挑，身材匀称的老妇女，但受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴，当他停下转身时，他看到了她。
4. I remember my childhood names for grasses
and secret flowers.
A. 我记得儿时的名字、小草和秘密的小花。
B. 我记得在我儿时，我的名字是以小草和隐藏的小花命名的。
C.
我记得儿时给各种小草和隐蔽的小花取的名字。
D.
我记得童年时给各种小草起的名字和一些隐蔽的小花。
5. Never have I heard
American music played better in a foreign land.
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A. 我从未听说过美国音乐在国外比国内要演奏得好。
B. 我在国外时，从未听到美国音乐比现在还要演奏得好。
C.
我从未听到过美国音乐在国外演奏得比这更好的。
D.
我在国外从未听到过演奏得这么好的美国音乐。
6.
他在中国旅游过的地方，除了泰山以外，都是我没有到过的！
A. In China, he
has been to many places which I have never
visited, with the exception of Mount Tai.
B.
He had gone to many places in China, which I had
never been to except Mount Tai.
C. The many
places he has been to in China are what I haven’t
been to apart from Mount Tai.
D. I have been
to Mount Tai. But I haven’t been to many places
which he has been to in China.
7.
回家的感觉真好，可以吃到妈妈亲手做的家乡菜。
A. I feel good to be at
home. I can eat the hometown dishes my mom makes.
B. I feel so nice back home that I could eat
the home dishes made by my mom.
C. It feels
great to be home. I can enjoy the local dishes my
mom makes.
D. The feeling of going back home
was really great. I can enjoy the taste of my
hometown dishes cooked by mother.
8.
中国从美国的进口额，1978年为9亿美元，到1982年增加到近30亿美元。
A.
China’s imports from America were $$900 million in
1978 and then it rose by $$ 3 billion in 1982.
B. America’s imports from China jumped from
$$900 million in 1978 to $$ 3 billion in 1982.
C. China’s imports from America amounted from
$$900 million in 1978 to $$ 3 billion in 1982.
D. China’s imports from the US rose from $$900
million in 1978 to $$ 3 billion in 1982.
9.
中国有12亿多人口，陆地自然资源人均占有量低于世界平均水平。
A. China has a
population of more than 1.2 billion, and its land
natural resources per capita are lower than the
world’s
average.
B. China’s population is
1.2 billion and the natural resources on the land
per head are lower than the world’s average level.
C. The 1.2 billion people in China have lower
land natural resources than in the world each.
D. The land natural resources 1.2 billion
Chinese have are less than the world has.
10.
最近天气暖和了，有不少人想趁周末出去走走。
A. It is getting warm
these days. Many people want to go out for a walk
on the weekend.
B. It has been getting warmer
these days. Many people like to take a short trip
on the weekend.
C. Recently the weather is
becoming warm. Quite a few people want to go out
to walk during the weekend.
D. As the climate
is becoming warmer and warmer, some people want to
have a walk in the weekend.
(二)
本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择最佳答案完成句子。
错
选、多选或未选均无分。（10分）
11. 对初学者来说，翻译的标准是
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A.忠实
C.传神
B.文雅
D.忠实和通顺
12．_______不喜欢重复，如果在一句话里或相连的几句话里需要重
复某个词语，则用_______来代替，或以其他手
段来避免重复。
A. 汉语，名词
C. 英语，代词
B. 英语，
副词
D. 汉语，代词
13.
在“翻译三论”一文中提出“雅”应当作为“得体”来理解的是
A. 钱钟书
C. 傅雷
B. 周煦良
D. 王佐良
14.
费道罗夫在《翻译理论概要》中提出了________。
A．确切翻译的原则
B. 自由翻译的原则
D.神似翻译原则 C. 逐字翻译的原则
15. “Chinglish is the most important and
difficult problem in translation” is expressed by
A. George Steiner B. Sol Adler
C.
Eugene A. Nida D. Charles R. Taber
二、
词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）
（一）将下列词语译成中文（10分）
16. environmental law
17. industrial
revolution
18. the gold rush
19. floods and droughts
20. British
Association for the Advancement of Science
21. foreign exchange
22. self-
reliance
23. infrastructure
24.
copyright protection
25. World Cultural
Heritage
（二）将下列词语译成英语（10分）
26. 国民生产总值
27. 福利工厂
28. 战争与和平
29. 新民主主义
30. 十五世纪初
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31.
儿童文学
32. 双边贸易
33. 知识经济
34. 个人所得税
35. 发展中国家
三、 改译题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
(一)下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分）
Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。
36. 原文:
Chou arranged for them to join the Berlin
Communist group as candidates until their
application had been sent to
China and an
answer received.
译文：周恩来把他们作为候补党员加入党在柏林的支部，直到他们的入党申请书被寄到中国并收到回复。
37. 原文: Brindley’s improvements were
practical.
译文：布林德雷的改良是实际的。
38. 原文: The
road followed the course of the Nile, now passing
through the fields, now drawing a black line
separating
them from the desert.
译文：公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的，现在穿过庄稼地，现在像是划的一条黑线，这边是庄稼，那边是沙漠。
39. 原文: The people of the United States also
have experienced the benefits of world trade.
译文：美国人民也已经经历了国际贸易的好处。
40. 原文: India is a
smuggler’s delight.
译文：印度是走私者的快乐。
(二)下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分）
Example:
原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。
译文：At no time China
will be the first to use nuclear weapons.
改译：At no time will China be the first to use
nuclear weapons.
41. 原文:
过去向我们学习的人，现在反而超过了我们，这对我们确实是一种鞭策。
译文：People who
had learned from us now excelled us. It was a real
challenge.
42. 原文: 本公约须经签字国批准或接受。
译文：This
convention should be bound by the ratification or
acceptance by the signatory states.
43. 原文:
中国的海域有丰富的海水资源。
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译文：China’s
seas have rich seawater resources.
44. 原文:
她口角边渐渐地有了笑影，脸上也白胖了。
译文：Little by little
smiling appeared at the corner of her mouth, while
her face became white and fat.
45. 原文:
罗马是建在七山之上的城市，拥有大小500座教堂。
译文: Rome was located
on seven hills with big and small five hundred
churches.
四、 段落翻译 （本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分）
(一)将下列短文译成汉语（15分）
46. A modern wife has
now been given the choice of whether or not to
stay at home and be a full-time housewife. Thirty
years ago it was expected that when a girl got
married she automatically stopped working to
become a full-time housewife
and mother. In
the 1990’s, society does not expect that of woman.
Women today have the freedom to continue with
their
careers and the freedom to choose
whether or not to have children. Some couples
deliberately choose not to have children in
favor of pursuing interesting and well-paid
careers, while others choose to have children at a
much later time.
(二)将下列短文译成英语（15分）
47. 单
位里有了个钱多事少离家近的工作，领导要求希望得到这一工作的人马上提出申请。有人特意向一贯清高的
乌先生传达时，乌先生没听完就溜了。事后他对朋友说：“这种事早就有内定的人选，提出申请，左右都会给领
导落
下话柄。三十六计，走为上计，走而不战是不算输的。”
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