2005年5月二级笔译实务汉译英必译题
广西电力职业技术学院-马蓉照片
自学2005年5月二级笔译实务汉译英必译题(20 points)273个汉字
矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。中国是世界上最早
开发
利用矿产资源的国家之一。 过去50年，中国在矿产资源勘探开发方面取得巨大成就。
这为中国经济的
持续、快速、健康发展提供了重要保障。
中国政府高度重视可持续发展和矿产资源的合理利用，把可持
续发展确定为国家战略，把保
护资源作为可持续发展战略的重要内容。
中国是一个人口众多、
资源相对不足的发展中国家。中国主要依靠本国的矿产资源来保障现
代化建设的需要。同时，中国又积极
引进国外资本和技术开发中国矿产资源，利用国外市场
与国外矿产资源，并努力推动中国矿山企业和矿产
品进入国际市场。
矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。
中国是世界上最早
开发利用矿产资源的国家之一。
过去50年，中国在矿产资源勘探开发方
面取得巨大成就。这为中国经济的持续、快速、健
康发展提供了重要保障。
查词
矿产mineral
勘探explore;exploration
重要important;core;significant
保障guarantee
我的译文
Mineral resources being an
important component of natural resources, are core
material basis for
human social development.
China is one of the earliest countries in the
world that developed and
used mineral
resources. Over the past 50 years, China has made
great strides of mineral resources
exploration
that offers significant guarantee for the economy
to develop persistently, fast and finly.
问题
“矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。”将前后组成
一句
英文，前半部分用“同位语”表示，还是“伴随状态”？
[解析]
1.“矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。”将前后组成一
句英文，
前半部分用“同位语”表示，还是“伴随状态”？
这句话前后是并列关系，直接用连接即可。
2. part vs component
(1)part:
something that together with other things forms a
whole
It looks like part of a car engine.
(2)component: a part of a machine or process
机器或一个过程的组成零件成分部分。同义词：constituent
The
company supplies engine components for trucks.
重要组成部分：an important part of natural
resources
3. foundation vs basis
(1)
foundation: the thing on which something is based,
especially something important that
continues
for a long time
Their ideas were the
foundation for the political system that exists in
the UK today.
How can we provide a solid
foundation for world peace?
(2)basis: the
facts, ideas, things etc from which something can
be developed
尤指事实、想法和事物依赖的基础
His work will
be used as a basis for future research.
物质基础：material foundation
4. utilize
vs use
(1) utilize: (formal) to use something
that is available to you, for a practical purpose
书面用语，表示“（有目的地）使用利用”
The company has
developed a new way to utilize solar energy.
a better way of utilizing the space
(2)
use
Do you mind if I use your phone?
They
rebuilt the church using local stone.
口语常用
利用矿产资源：utilize resources
5. make
greatmajorgiant etc strides (in doing something):
an improvement in a situation or in the
development of something
The government
has made great strides in reducing poverty.
表示“取得很大进展”
取得巨大成就：make great achievements
6. 持续、快速、健康发展
持续的: sustained
(continuing for a long time)
a period of
sustained economic development经济持续发展时期
下文的可持续发展译作
而persistent表示顽固坚持的,持续的
continuing to exist or happen, especially for
longer than is usual or desirable:
persistent
rumours
persistent headaches
a persistent
problem
persistent rain
之前遇到过的一个句子
domestic product each year that
the conflict has persisted. 翻译为“这是因为它估计连年不断的
冲突
已使乌干达的国内生产总值每年下降3个百分点。”，其中，persist动词译作形容词“连
年不断
的”。
在这里用sustained表示“持续的”
7.
健康的: sound
healthy一般形容人或动物的身体状况，这里应该用sound,表示“健康的，健全的”
sound:
1) in good condition and not
damaged in any way健全的
The floor was completely
sound.
Is the building structurally sound?
2) physically or mentally healthy健康的
of
sound mind law (=not mentally ill)
反义词：unsound
[参考译文]
Mineral resources are an
important part of natural resources and an
important material foundation
for the
development of human society.
China is one of
the first countries in the world to develop and
utilize resources.
Over the past five decades,
China has made great achievements in the survey
and development of
its mineral resources. This
has provided an important guarantee for the
sustained, rapid and sound
development of the
Chinese economy.
中国政府高度重视可持续发展和矿产资源的合理利用，
把可持续发展确定为国家战略，把保
护资源作为可持续发展战略的重要内容。
查词
重视: attach importance to；pay attention
to；think highly of；value
战略: stratagem
问题
英文选词方面有什么讲究
我的译文
Chinese
government thinks highly of sustainalbe
development and the reasonable utilization of
mineral resources, regarding sustainalbe
development as national stratagem and resource
protection as
the important content of
sustainalbe development stratagem.
1.
战略stratagem vs strategy
(1) strategy: a plan
of action or policy designed to achieve a major or
overall aim 战略
time to develop a coherent
economic strategy
制定连贯经济战略的时间
(2)stratagem: (formal) a trick or plan to
deceive an enemy or gain an
advantage计谋：欺骗
敌人来达到目的
a series of devious
stratagems
一连串的诡计
显然，句子的“战略”不能用表示，应该英译为strategy
2.英文选词方面有什么讲究？
汉译英时，选择的英文单词“正确”是基本要求，前面提到的
stratagem和strategy，不细
究的话，都可以理解为“战略”。但其英文含义和使用方
面却不同，所以汉译英查字典时，
最好选择既有中文又有英文解释的词典。
3.中
国政府高度重视可持续发展和矿产资源的合理利用，把可持续发展确定为国家战略，
把保护资源作为可持
续发展战略的重要内容。
分析句子：第一个逗号前面的部分是先对事情进行了总述，第一个逗号后面的
两句则进
行的是分述。
对于这样的句子，可以采用断句法，把原句的一个句子译成英语两句话。
所谓断句就是对一个汉语句群中几个短句划分层次，分别译成英语的两个或更多的句
子。
断句时主要可以从以下几个角度加以考虑：
汉语有些句子习惯于先作概括，即先总说，后再分
述，或者先详尽阐述，而后作概括，
总说与分述之间并不用句号隔开，译成英语时，为使译文内容层次清
晰，可在总说与分
述之处断句。
原文属于先总说，再分述，英译成: The
Chinese Government attaches great importance to
sustainable development and the rational
utilization of mineral resources. It has made
sustainable development a national strategy
and the protection of resources an important part
of this strategy.
关于断句法，再看些例子：
[1].先总说，再分述
(1)父亲毕竟比她多吃了几年盐，她的男朋友是什么的人，父亲一看就知道。
分析：第一句为总说，说父亲有城府，后两句是分说，讲述在这件事上父亲城府深的具
体表现。
翻译：After all, father has much more worldly
experience than her. So he will be able to tell,
at a glance, what kind of man her boyfriend
is.
(2)农民的生活水平不断提高，大部分农民已解决了温饱问题，不少农民已过上了小康生
活。
翻译：The living standard of farmers had been
raised steadily. The majority of farmers have
enough food and clothing while quite a few
leading a quite comfortable life.
[2].先分述，再总说
(1)在全国人民反帝爱国斗争的压力下，北洋军阀被迫释放被捕学
生，撤消三个卖国贼的
职务，拒绝在对德“和约”上签字，反帝反封建斗争取得了初步胜利。
分析：前三句为分述，最后一句为总述。
翻译：Under the pressure
of the nationwide anti-imperialist patriotic
struggle, the warlord
government had to set
free the students it had arrested, dismiss the
three traitors from office,
and withhold its
signature from the “Peace Treaty” with Germany.
This marked an initial
victory for the
struggle against imperialism and feudalism.
(2)各种语言嘈杂极了，有的在吵架，有的在患难中谈爱，真是一个热闹的世界。
分析：典型的分-总结构。
翻译：People quarreled,
and lovers, in spite of the hard times, talked to
each other
affectionately in a Babel of the
languages. It was a very lively place.
更多方法和案例见附件《汉译英断句法》
参考译文
The
Chinese Government attaches great importance to
sustainable development and the
rational
utilization of mineral resources. It has made
sustainable development a national
strategy
and the protection of resources an important part
of this strategy.
中国是一个人口众多、资源相对不足的发展中国家。
中国主要依靠本国的矿产资源来保障现
代化建设的需要。同时，中国又积极引进国外资本和技术开发中国
矿产资源，利用国外市场
与国外矿产资源，并努力推动中国矿山企业和矿产品进入国际市场。
查词
资本：capital; fund
企业：corporation；enterprise
我的译文
China is a developing country that has a great
number of people but relatively less resouces.
China
mainly relies on its own mineral
resources to guarantee the needs of modern
development.
Meanwile, China also tries hard
to bring in foreign capital and technology to
explore chinese
mineral resources, utilize
foreign market and mineral resources and make
chinese mine
corporation and mineral products
get into the international market.
[解析]
1.中国是一个人口众多、资源相对不足的发展中国家。
人口众多：a large
population
资源相对不足：a relative shortage of
resources
用with...介词短语结构作为定语修饰“发展中国家”
with: having, possessing, or carrying
something拥有
a book with a green cover绿封皮的书
2.开发中国矿产资源exploit its own resources
上文把“开发利用矿产资源”翻译成，在这里为了避免重复，用
表示“开发利用”。
explore表示“研究、探索、调查”在这里不合适。
3.努力推动：strive to help
strive: to make a
great effort to achieve something努力；力争
strive
to do something
I was still striving to be
successful.
4.引进：introduce;bring
in
bring in
introduce something,
especially a new law or product 实施（新法律）；引进（新产品）
Congress brought in reforms to prevent abuse
of presidential power.
国会进行了新的改革，以防止总统滥用权力。
故都可以表示“引进”
5.进入国际市场：enter the
international market
get into
(1)To
become involved in:卷入
got into trouble by
stealing cars.
因偷车而麻烦缠身
(2)(Informal) To
be interested in:【非正式用语】 对…有兴趣
got into
gourmet cooking.
对烹饪有了兴趣
所以，get
into不能翻译成“进入”，get in或enter可以。
[词汇]
现代化建设：modernization program
保障满足……的需要：
meet the need of ...
积极地做某事：make energetic
efforts to do something
利用：make use of;
utilize
矿山企业：mining enterprise
资本：capital
[参考译文]
China is developing country
with a large population and a relative shortage of
resources. It
depends mainly on the
exploitation of its own mineral resources to meet
the needs of its
modernization program.
Meanwhile, it has made energetic efforts to
introduce foreign capital and
technology to
exploit its own resources, make use of foreign
markets and foreign mineral
resources, and
strive to help its own mining enterprises and
mineral products to enter the
international
market.