无主句翻译练习
姜昕言-营销工作总结
第一篇:
中国人称结婚为终身大事,因为中国人的家族观念很重,认为齐家是治国的<
br>根本。中国古人不断告诉读书人,要想替国家做事,必须先把家庭治理好。中国
人不仅把婚姻看错
是一男一女的结合,还把它当作社会的基础,是很庄重的事情,
一点也不能马虎。旧式的中国婚姻,并不
是自己选择对象,而是由家长做主,还
需要媒人的介绍。到了现代,婚姻由自己做主,但是仍然要征求家
长同意。
(分句提示)
(1)中国人称结婚为终身大事,因为中国人的家族观念很重,认为齐家是治国的根本。
本句
第一个短句的主语是“中国人”,第三个短句的逻辑主语也是“中国人”,为了便于
将第三个短句合并译
为英文长句,可以将第二个短句转化为“中国人有很重的家庭观念”,
从而将其主语从“中国人的家庭观
念”转换为了“中国人”。那三个短句主语一致,便于翻
译。另外第三个短句的译法较多,既可以译为介
词短语,也可以译为分词短语。
终身大事:lifelong event
齐家治国:run the family country
家族观念:family
ideal
根本: foundation
(2)中国古人不断告诉读书人,要想替国家做事,必须先把家庭治理好。
短句“要想替国家
做事”和“必须先把家庭治理好”都是无主句。根据第一个短句可以
判断,后两个短句的逻辑主语都是“
读书人”,翻译时需要增添主语they,以使句子结构完
整。
读书人:scholar
替国家做事:work for the
country
(3)
中国人不仅把婚姻看成一男一女的结合,还把它当作社会的基础,是很庄重的事情,一
点儿也不能马虎。
“不仅…还…”可以采用并列结构句型“not only…but also…” 来译,这样“把
…看成…”
和“把…当作…”两个重复的短语只需译出一个即可。“是很庄重的事情,一点儿也不能马虎
”
是无主句,根据上文可知其逻辑主语是“婚姻”,翻译时可以蚕蛹关系代词which作主语,替代“婚姻”,从而两个短句译为定语从句,连接到主句上。
庄重:solemnity
马虎:rashness
(4)
旧式的中国婚姻,并不是自己选择对象,而是由家长做主,还需要媒人的介绍。
这句话讲的是过去的情
况,需采用过去时。“旧式的中国婚姻”并非是“自己选择对象”
的主语,而是表示“在旧式的婚姻中,
(人们)并不是自己选择对象”。因此在翻译时需要增
添主语“one”,表示是当时普遍存在的情况。
对象:spouse 媒人:matchmaker
家长做主:be
arranged by the parents
(5)到了现代,婚姻由自己做主,但是仍然要征求家长同意.
“婚姻”不能当成是“自己做
主”的主语,而是表示“在婚姻中,(人们)自己做主”,
因此翻译时需要添加主语on
e,以使句子完整、逻辑合理。
第二篇:
上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、
多姿多彩的国际大都市。改革开放以来,
上海变化之大令世人瞩目。经济高速发展,社会秩序稳定,人民
安居乐业,呈现
出一片繁荣的景象。今天,尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去可以留恋和回味,
但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的人这幅。浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月,浦
东展现了上海的美好前
景。上海就像一轮红日,光芒四射,鲜艳夺目。
单词提示
国际大都市:international metropolis
改革开放:reform
and opening-up policy
繁华的景象:a scene of
prosperity
日新月异的面貌:ever-changing outlook
使某人折服:fill sb. with admiration
浦东:Pudong 浦西:Puxi
光芒四射,鲜艳夺目:shine with
boundless radiance and brilliant
答案
第一篇:
Chinese people define marriage
as a lifelong event, because they have a strong
family ideal,
with the belief that running a
good family is the foundation for running the
country. Chinese
ancients kept warning
scholars that they should run their families well
before they could work for
the country.
Chinese people regard marriage not only as the
union of a man and a woman, but also
as the
foundation of society, which should be treated
with solemnity and without the least rashness.
In old Chinese marriage arrangements, one
didn’t choose his or her spouse, who instead was
arranged by the parents with the help of
matchmakers. In modern times, one chooses his or
her
own marriage partner, but still with the
assent of the parents.
第二篇:
Shanghai
is a dynamic, vigorous and versatile international
metropolis. Since the adoption of
the reform
and opening-up policy, Shanghai has witnessed
tremendous changes which attracted
worldwide
attention. The economy is developing rapidly,
social order is stable, and the people live
and work in peace and contentment, presenting
a scene of prosperity. Today, while Shanghai still
has many remnants of its colorful past for
people to ponder over, its ever-changing outlook
has
filled more and more people with great
admiration. Puxi exhibits the city’s glorious
past, and
Pudong unfolds its bright future.
Shanghai is like a rising sun, shining with
boundless radiance
and brilliant color.