农业用机械设备外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译
国庆假-销售个人简历
中国地质大学长城学院
本科毕业设计外文资料翻译
系 别： 工程技术系
专 业：机械设计制造及其自动化
姓 名： 黄晓鹏
学 号： 05211632
2015 年 4 月 28 日
外文资料翻译译文
公元前1世纪，中国已推广使用耧，这是世界上最早的条播机具，今仍在北方旱
作区应用。
1636年在希腊制成第一台播种机 。1830 年俄国人在畜力多铧犁上制成犁播机。
1860年
后，英美等国开始大量生产畜力谷物条播机。20世纪后相继出现了牵引和悬
挂式谷物条播机，以及运用
气力排种的播种机。50年代发展精密播种机。中国从20
世纪50年代引进了谷物条播机、棉花播种机
等。60年代先后研制成悬挂式谷物播种
机、离心式播种机、通用机架播种机和气吸式播种机等多种类型
，并研制成磨纹式排
种器。到70年代，已形成播种中耕通用机和谷物联合播种机两个系列，同时研制成
功了精密播种机。
欧洲第一台播种机于1636年在希腊制成。1830年，俄国人在
畜力多铧犁上加装
播种装置制成犁播机。英、美等国在1860年以后开始大量生产畜力谷物条播机。2
0
世纪以后相继出现了牵引和悬挂式谷物条播机，以及运用气力排种的播种机。1958
年挪威
出现第一台离心式播种机，50年代以后逐步发展各种精密播种机。
中国在20世纪50年代从
国外引进谷物条播机、棉花播种机等，60年代先后研制
成功悬挂式谷物播种机、离心式播种机、通用机
架播种机和气吸式播种机等多种机型,
并研制成功了磨纹式排种器。到70年代,已形成播种中耕通用机
和谷物联合播种机两
个系列并投入生产。供谷物、中耕作物、牧草、蔬菜用的各种条播机和穴播机都已得
到推广使用。与此同时，还研制成功了多种精密播种机。
播种机的使用方法
播种机具有播种均匀、深浅一致、行距稳定、覆土良好、节省种子、工作效率高
等特点。正确使用播种机
应注意掌握以下10要点：
1 进田作业前的保养 要清理播种箱内的杂物和开沟器上的缠草、
泥土，确保状
态良好，并对拖拉机及播种机的各传动、转动部位，按说明书的要求加注润滑油，尤
其是每次作业前要注意传动链条润滑和张紧情况以及播种机上螺栓的紧固情况。
2
机架不能倾斜 播种机与拖拉机挂接后，不得倾斜，工作时应使机架前后呈水
平状态。
3
搞好各种调整
按使用说明书的规定和农艺要求，将播种量、开沟器的行距、
开沟覆土镇压轮的深浅调整适当。
4 注意加好种子 加入种子箱的种子，达到无小、秕、杂，以保证种子的有效性；其
次种子箱
的加种量至少要加到能盖住排种盒入口，以保证排种流畅。
5 试播 为保证播种质量，在进行
大面积播种前，一定要坚持试播20米，观察播
种机的工作情况。请农技人员、当地农民等检测会诊，确
认符合当地的农艺要求后，
再进行大面积播种。
6
注意匀速直线行驶 农机手选择作业行走路线，应保证加种和机械进出方便，
播种时要注意匀速直线前行
，不能忽快忽慢或中途停车，以免重播、漏播；为防止开
沟器堵塞，播种机的升降要在行进中操作，倒退
或转弯时应将播种机提起。
7 先播地头 首先横播地头，以免将地头轧硬，造成播深太浅。
8 经常观察 播种时经常观察排种器、开沟器、覆盖器以及传动机构的工作情况，
如发生
堵塞、粘土、缠草、种子覆盖不严，及时予以排除。调整、修理、润滑或清理
缠草等工作，必须在停车后
进行。
9 保护机件
播种机工作时，严禁倒退或急转弯，播种机的提升或降落应缓慢进
行，以免损坏机件。
10 注意种子箱 作业时种子箱内的种子不得少于种子箱容积的15；运输或转移
地块里时，种子箱内
不得装有种子，更不能装其他重物。
播种机故障排除
1
排种器不排种。主要原因是传动齿轮没有啮合，或者排种轴头排种齿轮方孔磨
损，调整、维修或更换。
2 个别排种器不工作。原因是个别排种盒内种子棚架或排种器口被杂物堵塞，应
清理杂物
；排种轴与个别排种槽轮的连接销折断，应更换销子；个别排种盒插板未拉
开，应拉开插板。
3 排种器排种，但个别种沟内没有种子。原因是开沟器或输种管堵塞（多发生在
靠地轮的
开沟器上），应清理堵塞物，并采取相应措施防止杂物落进开沟器。
4 排种不停，失去控制。
原因是离合撑杆的分离销脱落或分离间隙太小，应重新
装上销子并加以锁定，或调整分离间隙。
5 排种时断时续，播种不匀。原因是传动齿轮啮合间隙过大，齿轮打滑，应进行
调整；离合器
弹簧弹力太弱，齿轮要滑，应调整或更换弹簧。
外文原文
Seeder introduction
He first century B.C., China has good, this is to
promote the use of the world's earliest drill
machine, today is still in the north of equal
applications.
1636 in Greece first Taiwan
machine made. In 1830, russians in livestock HuaLi
more on
LiBo machine made. 1860 years later,
the countries such as Britain and started mass
production
work grain suitable drill. After
the 20 th century have appeared traction and
hanging drill
machine, and the use of grain
strength of the machine. 50 s development
precision machine.
China from the 1950 s to
introduce grain suitable drill, cotton machine,
etc. 60 s has developed
into a suspension type
grain machine, centrifugal machine, universal
frame and gas suction style
such as machine
machine DuoZhong type, and grinding lines to the
development of the device.
In the 70 s, has
formed the seeding machine general machine and
grain joint seeder two series,
and has
developed precision machine.
Europe first
Taiwan machine made in 1636 in Greece. In 1830,
the russians in livestock
HuaLi more on the
sowing device LiBo machine made. Britain, the
United States and other
countries in 1860
years later started mass production work grain
suitable drill. 20 centuries later
period,
there appeared the traction and hanging drill
machine, and the use of grain strength of the
machine. In 1958, Norway appear first Taiwan
centrifugal machine, 50 s gradually developed all
kinds of precision machine.
China in
the 1950 s introduced from abroad grain suitable
drill, cotton machine, the '60 s
and has
successfully developed suspension type grain
machine, centrifugal machine, universal
frame
and gas suction style such as machine machine
DuoZhong models, and has developed
grinding
lines of the device. In the 70 s, has formed the
seeding machine general machine and
grain
joint seeder two series and production. For grain
and intertillage crops, grasses, and all
kinds
of vegetables with suitable drill and XueBo
machine are already widely used. At the same
time, also has developed DuoZhong precision
machine.
Using the method of sowing machine
Corn is uniform, sowing machine depth is
consistent, stable, cover earth good row spacing,
save seeds, work efficiency higher
characteristic. The correct use of machine should
pay
attention to the following points: master
10
1 in the maintenance of the field
before operation to clean up the trash and sowing
the
device on the open ditch the winding
grass, clay, ensure good condition, and the
tractors and the
transmission, the rotation of
the machine parts, according to the requirements
of the manual
filling lubricating oil,
especially every time before operation should pay
attention to the
transmission chain
lubrication and a tight situation on the fastening
bolts and sowing.
2 frame
can't tilt seeder and tractors to hook up may not
be tilt, work should make frame a
state level
before and after.
3 do well adjusted
according to the instructions of the rules and
regulations of the main
requirements, the
rate, open ditch is the spaced, open ditch
crackdown on the depth of the wheel
turns the
soil suitable.
4 attention and good seed
to join the seeds of seeds, where there is no box
small, Bi,
miscellaneous, to ensure the
effectiveness of the seeds; Second seed box with
kind of quantity of
at least to add to that
cover the box of entrance, in order to ensure the
smooth.
5 test broadcasts to ensure the
quality of the large area, seeded before sowing,
must hold to
test broadcasts 20 meters,
observe the machine work. Please agricultural
technology personnel,
local farmers
consultation, testing confirmed that meet local
agricultural demands, and then carry
on large
area sown.
6 note of uniform linear
driving NongJiShou choose the assignment walking
routes, should
guarantee and kind of and
mechanical in and out of convenience, planting
time to pay attention
to more uniformly and in
a straight line, line, not fast and slow or stop
the leak, lest the replay,
broadcast; To
prevent the open ditch jams, the rise and fall of
machine to are on the march, when
turning back
or operation should be filed seeder.
7
was the first out first broadcast to rolling out,
out, was hard by deep too shallow.
8
often observed planting time constant observation
of the device, open ditch device, the
cover
and transmission's work, such as the clogging,
clay, winding grass, seed cover lax, shall be
ruled out in time. Adjustment, repair,
lubrication or cleaning the winding grass, etc,
must be in
after parking.
9 protect
parts of the machine work, it is strictly
prohibited to scale back or sharp turn and
the
ascension of the machine should slow or land, lest
attaint parts.
10 note seed box when the
seeds of the homework seed shall be not less than
15 of the seed
case volume; Transportation or
transfer in the plot, when the seed shall not be
equipped with
seeds, the more can pack other
weight.
Corn seeder troubleshooting
1
the device not discharge. The main reason is the
transmission gear meshing, or no shaft
head
the row gear square hole to wear, the adjustment,
maintenance or replacement.
2 individual
the device does not work. The reason is the
individual the box seed the
scaffolding or the
device to be sundry congestion, mouth should clean
up sundry; The shaft and
individual the tank
round of connection pin broken, should be replaced
pins; Individual the box
of plug-in boards
should not open, pull open plug-in boards.
3 the device to the individual, but a groove no
seed. The reason is the open ditch or lose jam
(occurs in pipe by land wheel of the open
ditch device on), should be clear, forming and
take
corresponding measures to prevent sundry
fall into the open ditch.
4
the constantly, out of control. The reason is the
separation of the poles clutch fall off or
separation clearance sales is too small, and
should be put on pins and to lock, or adjust the
separation clearance.
5 the
intermittent, seeded not divide evenly. The reason
is transmission gears mesh
clearance is too
large, gear sliding, should be adjusted; The
clutch spring bounce is too weak,
gear to ski,
should be adjusted or replace the spring
.