个人工作总结模板-新侨职业技术学院

英语学习讲义
专题训练
对应学生用书P076
[1]
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly
reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your
business! Lunch is Bechtel's “me” time. And like more Americans, she's not alone.
A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than
half(53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by
themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent,
according to statistics from the report.
“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know？”Bechtel said,
looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has
lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch
at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the
shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to
myself，”she said.
Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his
lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the
barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little
interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the
week，” he said. “It's a chance for self- reflection. You return to work recharged and
with a plan.”
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a
time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those
days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It
doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said
Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.
【语篇解读】 本文体裁为说明文。主题语境为人与社会，主题语境内容为
社会交往。现如今， 在美国，越来越多的人选择自己吃饭，他们希望以此争取一
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英语学习讲义
些自己独处的时间。本文侧重培养学生的文化意识。
1．What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?
A．Food variety.
B．Eating habits.
C．Table manners.
D．Restaurant service.
解析 细节理解题。本题题干意为“第二段中的数据是关于什么的？”根据
第二段“A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More
than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent) have lunch
by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent,
according to statistics from the report.”可知，本段中出现的数据都体现了人们吃饭
的习惯，所以选择B项。A.食物的多样性；C.餐桌礼仪；D.餐厅服务。
答案 B
2．Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?
A．To meet with her coworkers.
B．To catch up with her work.
C．To have some time on her own.
D．To collect data for her report.
解析 细节理解题。本题题干意为“为什么Bechtel更愿意出去吃午餐？”
根据第三段的最后一句“To day，I just wanted some time to myself”可知答案为C
项。
答案 C
3．What do we know about Mazoleny?
A．He makes videos for the bar.
B．He's fond of the food at the bar.
C．He interviews customers at the bar.
D．He's familiar with the barkeeper.
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2

英语学习讲义
解析 细节理解题。本题题干意为“关于Mazoleny我们知道些什么？”根
据题干中的人 名Mazoleny可知答案应在第四段寻找。根据第四段的第二句“He
likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom
he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction.”可知 ，他和服务员
很熟，故答案为D项。A.他为餐馆拍视频；B.他喜欢这个餐馆的食物；C.他在这个餐馆采访顾客。
答案 D
4．What is the text mainly about?
A．The trend of having meals alone.
B．The importance of self-reflection.
C．The stress from working overtime.
D．The advantage of wireless technology.
解析 主旨大意题。本题题干意为“本文的主要内容是什么？”文章最后一
段出现了关键词eat alone，第三段和第四段举了两个人独自吃饭的例子。整篇文
章都是围绕着eat alone展开的，与A项中的having meals alone相匹配，故答案
为A项。B.自 我反省的重要性；C.加班带来的压力；D.无线科技的优点。
答案 A
[2]
(2019·浙江卷)
California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be
published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素)．
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on
more than 46,000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was
spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to
the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big
trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline
was nearly 75 percent.
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英语学习讲义
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who
was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development
pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests
crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源)．
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with
another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a
widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from
woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest
water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that
calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they
needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil,
and the timing of snowmelt(融雪)．
Since the 1930s，McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the
state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air,
and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry
season.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自然， 主题语境内容是
人与植物。文章的主要内容是关于加利福尼亚大树死亡的原因分析。文章侧重于
培养学生有关自然环境、人类生存与环境的关系方面的素养。
1．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B．The increasing variety of California big trees.
C．The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D．The influence of farming on big trees in California.
解析 推理判断题。本题题干意为“文章 第二段的主要内容是什么？”文章
第二段用比较翔实的数据陈述了加利福尼亚大树死亡的严重情况。因此 A项(加
利福尼亚大树死亡的严重情况)符合题意。B.加利福尼亚大树多样性的增加；C.
加 利福尼亚森林中大树的分布；D.农业对加利福尼亚大树的影响。
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英语学习讲义
答案 A
of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?
A．Ecological studies of forests.
B．Banning woodcutting.
C．Limiting housing development.
D．Fire control measures.
解析 推 理判断题。本题题干意为“下面哪种措施用意良好，但对大树有可
能是有害的？”根据文章第三段中的“ Aggressive wildfire control has left
California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for
resources(资源)． (激进的野火控制使得加利福尼亚的森林里挤满了小树，而这些
小树会与大树争夺资源)”可知，控制野 火的用意是好的，但是，似乎对大树并
不好，故D项(火的控制措施)正确。A.森林的生态研究；B. 树木砍伐禁令；C.限
制住房开发。
答案 D
3．What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?
A．Inadequate snowmelt.
B．A longer dry season.
C．A warmer climate.
D．Dampness of the air.
解析 细节理解题。本题题干意为“根据M cIntyre的说法，缺水的主要原
因是什么？”根据文章最后一段可知，McIntyre认为自从 20世纪30年代以来，
缺水的主要原因是温度的上升。所以C项(更热的气候)符合题意。A.融雪不 足；
B.更长的旱季；D.空气潮湿。
答案 C
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．California's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?
B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
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英语学习讲义
C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?
D．Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
解析 主旨大意题。本题题干意为“本文合适的标题是什么？”本文的主要
内容是加利福尼亚大树死亡原因的分 析。文章的核心信息是California，big trees，
loss。因此A项是比较合适的 题目，包括了文章的核心信息。B.加利福尼亚将很
快禁止砍伐大树；C.为什么大树对加利福尼亚森林 是重要的？；k
McIntyre：在加利福尼亚种更多的大树。
答案 A


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