高考英语冲刺词组必背
成都人事-文明礼貌主题班会
一、按大词(动词、名词记忆
look 的常用短语:
look up
…in查找
look sb. up and down 上下打量
look back
to upon回顾
look upon…as把…看作
look forward
to期待
look through浏览; 看穿
take a new
look呈现新面貌
fear的常用短语:
in fear害怕地
(be in
fear of 害怕
for fear of that担心;生怕
concentrate 的常用短语:
concentrate on 专心…
concentrate one’s mind on 专心于…
类似的短语:
fix one’s mind upon
focus on
put one’s
heart into
focus one’s mind on
surprise常用短语:
in surprise惊讶地
to one’s
surprise 使某人惊讶的是
be surprise atto dothat
对某事感到惊讶
表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语
1.表示动作的有:
pull on
put on
dress
dress sb
2. 表示状态的有:
wear
be in
be dressed
in
have … on
常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词
like
care for
be keen on
be fond of
take delight in…
trouble的常用短语:
have much trouble no trouble (in doing
在…有没有困难
take great trouble to do
不辞辛劳做某事
put sb to the trouble of doing …
为难某人做某事
make trouble捣乱
be in (great trouble
惹麻烦;处在困境中
help sb. out of trouble
帮某人摆脱困境
end的常用短语:
come to an end……结束
put an end to 结束……
on end竖起, 连续
in the
end终于; 最后
end up (by doing…以……结束
make both
ends meet收支相抵
表示“导致”、“由…引起”的短语:
1. 导致
cause sth. (to do
result in
lead to
2. 由……引起
be caused by
result from
grow out of
lie in
表“全力以赴”的短语:
do
try o ne’s best
spare no efforts to do
take great pains to do
go all out to do
do what somebody can (do to do
do all
somebody can (do to do
direction常用短语:
in
(the direction of….朝……方向
under the direction
of ...在……的指导下
follow the directions照说明去做
far常用短语:
far from (being离……要求相差很远
far from +(a place距离某地很远
far away遥远
so far 到目前为止; 那么远
as far as sb.
knowssees据某人所知
by far
(最高级前,比较级后起强调作用
distance常用短语:
in the distance在远处
from
at a distance从远处
keep sb. at a distance
于某人保持一定距离
It is no distance at all.不远
use常用短语:
used to do过去曾经、常做
be used to
doing …习惯于……
be used to do被用来做……
make good
full use of充分利用……
come into use开始使用……
it
is no use doing …干……没有用
“出了什么事”的几种不同表达
What’s wrong with….?
What’s the matter
with…?
What’s the trouble with…?
What
happened (to sb. ?
“众所周知”常用表达法:
It is
known to all that…主语从句,that不能省
As is known to
all,定语从句,置于句首
We all know (that后接宾语从句
Everyone knows (that后接宾语从句
, which is
known to all.非限定从句,置于句末表“同意某人意见”的常用短语:
agree
with sb. what sb. said
agree to sth.
approve (of sth.
in favour of sth.
be
agreeable to sth.
be for sth.
“不同意”
disagree with sb. what sb. said
object to
sth.
disapprove (of sth.
be against sth.
sign的常用短语:
sign one’s name签名
sign to sb (not to do sth.
示意某人(不做某事
signs of …
……的迹象
would rather 与prefer
的区别
1.宁愿做……而不做……
would rather do A than do
B
prefer A to B
prefer to do A rather than
do B
2. would rather 主语+ 过去式,表示“宁愿”
eg. I
would rather you came tomorrow than today.
should prefer sb. to do sth. should prefer 主语+
过去式,表示“比较喜欢……”
eg. I should prefer you not to
go there alone.
OR: I should prefer that you
did not go there alone.
trap常用短语
be caught
in a trap落入圈套
be led into a trap中圈套
set a
trap to do sth.设圈套……
be trapped in sth.被…..所围困
grow常用短语
in the grow of在….成长中
grow
up长大; 成长
grow rich on靠….. 变富
grow into长成……
grow out of由…..引起滋生出
make常用短语
be made
up of =consist of 由……组成
make up for弥补
be
made from of由……造成
make up编造;组成;化妆
be made
into制成……
make fun of取笑; 嘲弄
make a living
谋生
supply, provide, offer 的区别:
1.表示“向某人提供某物”
supply provide sb. with
sth.
supply provide sth. for sb.
supply
sth. to sb.
offer sb. sth.
2. 表示“主动提出做某事”
offer to do sth.
3. 表示“倘使”、“假如”
provided providing that
= on condition
that
=only if
4. 表示“满足需要”supply meet a
need.
supply的常用短语
in short supply 缺乏,不足
medicalmilitary supply医疗军用品
supplies of…许多
lack的常用短语
be lacking in sth. 在……不足
make up for the lack of
弥补……的不足
forbyfromthrough lack of…
由于…不足,缺乏
have no lack of不缺
damage的常用短语
do
damageharm to 对……有害
cause damage to 对……造成损害
ask for damage要求赔偿
die of 与die from 的区别
die of 表示“死于……病”或冻死、气死,或死于过度悲伤。
die of
cancergriefhungerangercold
die
from表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。如:
die from polluted
airoverworksword thrust
die常用短语
die for
one’s country为国捐躯
die down熄灭、平息
die
off绝种、枯死
die away消逝、静下来
die a heroic
death英勇牺牲
threaten常用短语
threaten sb. with
sth.用……威胁某人
threaten to do…威胁做……
under the
threat of…在……的威胁下
speed常用短语
speed up加速
at the speed of…以…..的速度
with great speed迅速
aim常用短语
take aim at瞄准
reach an
aim达到目的
aim at瞄准、针对
permit与allow 的区别
表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。
permitallow
doing sth.
permitallow sb. to do sth.
permit allow of sth
一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、条件等许可”,多用permit TimeWeather
permitting, I’ll drop in on her.
allow
还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”。例如:
1. We allow him to be
wronged.
2. will take an hour to go there,
allowing for traffic delays.
means常用短语
by
means of通过….., 靠……
by this means in this
way用这种方法
by no meansin no case决不
by all
means用一切办法
keep常用短语
keep up with紧跟…..
keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做
keep sb. from
doing sth.阻止…..做……
keep off the grass勿踏草地
keep to the point紧扣主题
keep in touch
with与……保持联系
mark常用短语
make one’s mark成功、出名
be marked with标明
gainget full marks for
……得满分
seat常用短语
take one’s seat坐下
have
a seat请坐
seefind sb. seated看见发现某人坐在….
be
seated就座, 坐着
seat oneself inaton使自己坐在……
部分动词+ to + doing 的用法
look forward to
get down to
object to
devote… to…
pay attention to
prefer…to…
give常用短语
give up放弃
give in让步屈服
give off 散发出
give away赠送、泄漏
give rise
to 引起……
give out 疲劳、用完、散发出
fit常用短语
be
fit for适合
keep fitkeep healthy保持健康
be fit
to do 适合于…..
fit in with适应……
a nice
fit合身的衣服
…fit sb.某人穿….. 合身
reach 常用短语
reach an agreement达成协议
reach for…伸手去拿够……
within out of reach够得到够不着
reach sb’s
understanding 使某人明白
feed常用短语
feed sth. to
sbfeed sb. on sth. 用……喂养……
be fed up of… be
tired of… be bored with…
对……感到厌倦
feed
on以……为食
mercy常用短语
without mercy残忍地
have mercy on upon 对……表示怜悯
at the mercy
of任凭摆布
beg for mercy 乞求饶恕
exist常用短语
exist inlie inconsist in存在于……
in existence
现存的
come into existence come into being 形成
opinion常用短语
in one’s opinion =in the
opinion of sb.在某人看来
have a high low opinion of
对……评价高低
give one’s opinion on
对……谈自己的看法
persuade常用短语
persuade
sb. to do =
persuade sb. into doing
说服某人做某事
try to persuade sb. to do
试图说服某人做某事
persuade sb. to sth.
说服某人同意某事
engage 常用短语
be engaged to sb.
与某人订婚
be engaged in sth. =
be engaged
doing sth.
忙于……, 从事某事
wide 与broad 的区别
它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的”
a river 50 feet wide broad
指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用broad, 表示
“睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用wide。
broad shoulders back
with wide eyes
open one’s mouth wide
wide 还可以作副词,表示“完全、大大地”
be wide awake
be wide open
sure常用短语
be sure ofabout
对……由把握
be sure to do sth.
肯定会……
make sure + that-clause
务必……,一定要……
make sure of…
弄清楚……
experience 常用短语
have experience in…
在……有经验
be
experienced in…
在……有经验
pain 常用短语
take
great pains to do
努力做某事
spare no pains to
do
全力以赴做某事
stick 常用短语
stick to
sth.
坚持……
stick …on…
粘贴……
be stuck
in …
陷进……
stick no bills
请勿张贴
spare 常用短语
spare moneytime for
省出钱…,腾出时间
in one’s spare time
在某人业余时间
spare no efforts to do
不遗余力去做
don’t
spare the opinions
不要保留意见
put down的不同含义
put down (one’s knife and fork 放下……
pit
down the rebellion
镇压
put down what sb.
says
记下,写下
take up 的不同含义
take up a
hobby
培养……
take up football
开始……
take up the work
继续……
take
up…timespace
消耗,占据……
take up a post
就职
take up a song cry
跟着一起……
habit 常用短语
formget the habit of
养成……习惯
be inhave
the habit of
有…….习惯
get into the
habit of
沾染了……恶习
get rid of the habit=
grow out of the habit=
break away from the
habit
改掉了……习惯
二、按小词(介词、副词记忆l.动词+about
speaktalk about 谈论think about 思考
care
about 关心,对……有兴趣bring about 引起,使发生
set about
着手,开始come about 发生
h ear about 听说worry about
为……担心
2.动词+away
throw away 扔掉blow away 吹走
carry away 拿走,使入迷clear away 清除掉,消散
die
away 逐渐消失,减弱pass away 去世
wash away 冲走take away
拿走,使消失
p ut away 收拾起来,存起来give away
背弃,泄漏,赠送wear away 磨掉,消耗break
away 摆脱
send
away 让走开turn away 把……打发走
3.动词+back
keep
back 隐瞒,忍住look back(on 回顾
hold back 控制住give
back 归还
call back 回电话take back 拿回,收回
4.动词+for
run for 竞选ask for 要求得到
wait
for 等候stand for 代表,表示
long for 渴望hopewish for
希望得到
care for 关心,喜欢beg for 乞求
search for
查找look for 寻找
call for 需要,要求hunt for 寻找
change…for 用……换charge…for 收费,要价
apply for
申请take…for 误以为……是
seek for 寻找come for 来拿,来取
5.动词+down
burn down 烧毁break down
坏了,垮了,分解take down 记下,记录turn down 调小,拒绝
cut
down 削减,砍倒slow down 慢下来
pass down 传下来put down
记下,写下,镇压calm down 平静下来bring down
使……
降低,使倒下settle down 安家come down 下落,传下
tear down 拆毁,拆除
6.动词+at
come at
向……袭击shout at 冲(某人嚷嚷
run at 冲向,向……攻击work at
干……活动(研究
tear at 用力撕look at 看,注视
stare at
凝视glare at 怒视
glance at 匆匆一瞥laugh at 嘲笑
knock at 敲(门、窗等 point at 指向
smile at
冲(某人笑strike at 向……打击
aim at 向……瞄准shoot at
向……射击
wonder at 惊讶call at 拜访(地点
7.动词+from
differ from 与……不同suffer from 受……苦
h ear
from 收到……来信die from 因……而死
keepstopprevent…from不让……做learn from 向……学习
result from 由于date from 始于……时期separate…from
把……分离开
8.动词+of
think of 想到dream of 梦到
consist of 由……组成speak of 谈到
approve of
赞成die of 死于
talk of 谈到hear of 听说
complain
of 抱怨become of 发生……情况,怎么啦
9.动词+off
start
off 出发set off 出发
leave off 中断show off 炫耀
get off 下车take off 脱下,起飞
see off 送行ring
off 挂断电话
put off 延期,推迟come off 脱落,褪色
cut
off 切断,断绝fall off 跌落,掉下
keep off 避开,勿走近go off
走开;消失;坏了,爆炸,不喜欢knock…off 把……撞落
break off 打断
pay off 还清carry off 携走带走,赢得
get off 脱下(衣服等
give off 散发出
turn(switch off 关掉
10.动词+on
depend on 依靠rely on 依靠
insist on 坚持carry
on 继续,进行
keepgo on 继续spend…on 在……花钱
put on
穿上,戴上,上演call on 拜访
move on 继续移动,往前走live on
以……为生
feed on 以……为生bring on 使……发展
take on 雇用,呈现(新面貌等 try on 试穿
have on
穿着pass on 传授,传递
look on 旁观turn(switch on 打开
11.动词+out
break out 爆发point out 指出
pick out 选出figure out 算出,理解
burst out
进发bring out 阐明,使表现出
carry out 执行,进行help out 救助
hold out 坚持下去set out 出发,着手,摆放
make out
理解,看清楚come out 出版,出来
cross out 划掉leave out
省略,删掉
keep out(of 使不进入,挡住work out 算出,想出办法等find
out 查出,弄明白give out
散发,分发,用完try out 试用,试验look
out 当心,提防
put out 扑灭speak out 大胆讲出
hand
out 散发send out 发出,派遣
run out 用完go out 熄灭
let out 泄漏,发出(声音,出租die out 灭绝
12.动词十in
give in 让步hand in 上交
bring in 引进,使得到收入drop
in 拜访
result in 导致succeed in 在……获成功join in
参加take in 接纳,吸收,改小get in 收获,
进入break in
强制进入,插话fill in 填写call in 召集,来访
cut in
插入persist in 坚持
look in 来访,参观
13.动词十into
look into 研究,调查turn into 变成
burst into
闯入,进发divide…into 把……分成change…into
把……变成
puttranslate…into 把……译成run into碰到send sb
tointo sleep 使进入状态14.动词
+over
turn over
翻倒,细想think over 仔细考虑go over 审阅,检查,研究look over
翻阅,检查
get over 克服run over 压死,看一遍take over
接管,接替watch over 看守,照看
15.动词十to
belong to
属于object to 反对
refer to 谈到,涉及,参阅point to 指向
turn to 向……求助,查阅stickholdkeep to 坚持,忠于
see
to 处理,料理come to 共计,苏醒
reply to 答复get to 到达
bring to 使苏醒把……比作compare…to 与…相比;把…比作
agree to 同意write to 写信给
supply…to
为……提供lead to 导致,通向
add to 增添attend to 处理,专心,照料
devote…to 贡献给
16.动词+up
grow up
成长,长大give up 放弃,献出
build up 建立set up 架起、建立
put up 搭起,架起,安装,住宿,张贴,盖起
do up 整理,包装,打扮
go up 增长,上涨get up 起床,站起
pick up
拾起,学会,用车,来接,收听到
bring up 抚养,呕吐,提出出现turn up
开大(音量等,出席stay up 挺住,熬夜
take up 开始学,从事,占据
sit up 熬夜eat up 吃完
use up 用完tear up 撕碎
lay up 储存make up构成,组成编造弥补cut up 切碎
join up
联结起来,参军
end up 总结come up 上来,长出,出现
speed up
加快速度throw up 呕吐
clear up 整理,收拾,放晴look up 查找,找出
bum up 烧毁catch up 赶上
hurry up 赶快fix up
修理,安排,装置
send up 发射ring up 打电话
open up
开创,开辟divide up 分配
break up 分解
17.动词十through
get through 通过,干完,接通电话 look
through 翻阅,看一遍,仔细查看go through
审阅,
检查,学习put…through 接通电话see through 识破check
through 核对
pull through 渡过危机,康复
18.动词+with
deal with 处理,对付do with 处理,需要meet with
遇到,遭受talk with 同……交谈
agree with
同意,与……一致compare with 与……相比combine with
与……相联合
equip…with 以……装备cover…with 用……覆盖begin
with 以……开始end up with
以……结束supply…with
以……供给provide…with 以……供给play with 玩,玩弄
19.三词以上的短语动词
add up to 总计break away from
摆脱keep away from 避开,别靠近do away with 废除
look
down on 轻视look up to 仰望,尊敬
put up with 忍受catch
up with 赶上
keep up with 赶上run out of 用完
make up for 弥补go on with 继续
get
on(along with 和……相处look forward to 盼望
get
close to 接近take hold of 握住
get out of 逃避,避免get
down to 认真开始
set fire to 放火烧pay attention to
注意
take notice of 注意set an example to 为……榜样
外语下载中心 http: do well in 在……干得好 take a photo of
拍……照片 pay a visit to 访问 take the place of 取代
三、 易混短语强化记忆 1. in
turn 一个接一个地 in return 作为回报 I
tried to do a good deed, but this is what I got in
return, by turns=one after the other take turn
to do sth.轮流做某事 turn
secretary=become a
secretary turn to sb ( for help turn up=appear
turn out=prove to be
produce turn down
拒绝=refuse；音量调低 ；向下翻； 2. If she spent five years in
Paris, how come she can't speak a word of
French? 她假若在巴黎呆了五年，怎麽一句
法语都不会说呢？ come across
越过某处；被理解；偶然发现, 偶然遇到 come into
being／existence
出现，开始形成，建立 come into use／service 开始使用 （无被
动）
come out 出来; 出发；出版；名列…； （总数等）达到（+ atto） come to
light 泄露（真相） ；被发现 cf. Your statement does not
throw light on the subject. 并
没有说明问题 come true
实现，变成现实 My dream has come true. 我的一个梦想实
现了。 Cf.
realize one’s dream reach one’s goal turn sth into
reality come up 升起；走
进；种子生长发育； 被提出 come up with
an idea（突然）想出办法 3. go all out to
do sth
全力以赴去做某事 =try one’ best to…=do what all one can
to… go beyond 超
出；超出…的能力 go beyond one’s
ability imagination control go in for
参与，参与
（竞赛等） ；从事（某项工作） ；爱好，酷爱 go out (火熄灭,过时了
cf. put out the
fire（灭火） put off 推迟, 延期( put
off the meeting ； put down the rebellion(镇压 go
with 相配 （同义词 match go along with） 4. keep in
touch with 与…保持联系(指状
态 get in touch with (指动作
keep up your courage 保持勇气，别泄气 keep up with 跟
上
catch up with 赶上 5. look down upon on sb
轻视某人；鄙视某人某物 look on
upon . as
把...看作.(近义词组：regard…as; treat…as; consider…asto be
look
over 对…审阅；粗略地看；翻阅 look up a word in a
dictionary 查阅… look through
透过…看（尤指空隙或透明物体等）（从头到尾）初略地翻阅 ； look up to sb
尊敬
某人 look sb. in the eye 盯着 6. make oneself at
home（如同在家一般）随便些，不必
客气 make arrangements for
为…做安排 make a been line for 取捷径前往
外语下载中心 http:
make room for 让出地方，腾出空间 make
the best of 充分利用
，尽量利用 make the most of 尽量利用，善于利用 make up for
lost timeground 加紧努力补回失去或落后的时间 make oneself
heard understood 使
自己被别人听到听懂理解 make good no
sense 有意义没意义 make teacoffee 泡茶
咖啡 make for
有助于，使成为 Cultural exchanges make for mutual
understanding. 7.
put away 放好；收起来；把…放在原位；储藏 放弃
put aside 放在一边；抛弃；暂
时不做；留出(时间,省出(钱 put sth. in
order（使）整齐 put on weight 增加体重(lose
weight
减肥，减少体重 put on your clothes 穿衣 take off your
clothes 脱衣 put an
endstop to 制止，使停止，结束 cf.
come to an end（某事）结束 end up with failure
以失败而告终 put up with 和某人住在一起；忍受，忍耐=bear
stand put through 做
成，完成；接通电话 使通过考试；使经历（难受的事）
8. take sb. by surprise （出
人意料地）攻占；撞见 take A
for B 把 A 误认为是 B take . for granted
认为…
是必然情况，视为当然 take sth. into
accountconsideration 加以考虑；予以重视 take
advantage
of 利用；占…的便宜 take the opportunity of 抓住机会；利用（机会）
take
charge of 开始负…的责；看管；控制 take it easy=Don’t
be nervous take your time 从
容 Take your time.
There is still half an hour left. take the place
of 代替 cf. stand for 代
表 take on a new look
呈现新面貌 take off 脱下,起飞 take on sb 雇用 =employ sb=hire
sb take in fresh air=absorb take up
占据(时间,地方；从事于 take up space much time
take up
a city 攻占城市 take up arms (against拿起武器反对…，武装起来与…作对
take over 接管,接替 9. turn down 拒绝；音量调低 ；向下翻；
turn out 制造出，生产
出，培养出；结局是，结果是；原来是 It turns out
that 知道是…，结果证明是 It is
one's turn to do sth
轮到某人做某事 turn over a new leaf 重新生活，改过自新 turn in
sth to sb 上交 10. not a little=much not a
bit=not at all=not in the least ---Are you hungry?
---Not a little. I could eat a horse. 11.
break away from（the Union ）脱离（联邦） get
rid of
bad habit 去掉 do away with 废除 12. drop in at a
place drop in on ab 顺便拜访 13.
due to=caused by
The accident was due to careless driving. owing
to=because of Owing
to the rain they could
come. thanks to=as a result of Thanks to your help
we were
successful.
外语下载中心 http: 14. feel
like doing=would like to do… 15.
figure
out=imagine=work out make out 辩认，拼凑 16. have a
gift for=be talented at 17.
in short 简言之 in a
word 一句话 18. knock into sb=happen to meet sb cf.
knock sb
down 撞倒 19. let out a cry of
surprise= cry out 20. It is no wonder that … There
is no
doubt that … 21. on show 在展出 cf. show
off one new clothes 炫耀 22. out of order=in
a
mess sth goes wrong in (good order 23. pick up sb
开车去接 pick out=choose 24. run
short of run out
of=use up Our supplies have run short（不用被动语态）=We
have run
short of supplies. 25. run for 竞选
call for=need send for a doctor=ask sb to go to
fetch a
doctor apply for the position 申请 run
into sb=(suddenly see sb 撞上碰到 26. set about
to
do sth=set out to do sth 27. burst out laughing
carry out a plan 执行 The war broke out
in late
autumn. His shoes were worn out. wear out 穿破 28.
cut down the price 削减 cut
off electricity 切断
29. call off a meeting=not hold …取消 see sb off at
the airport 送行
set off for the first
destination 30. break in 打断插入 be engaged in 从事 31.
reply to
sb=answer sb stick to sth to doing
sth see to sb=take care of sb take to 开始, 喜欢,
沉溺
于, 走向, 照料, 求助于, 适应 take to gardening when
one retires take to drinking get
down to some
solid work 认真开始… object to sth doing …反对 32. tear
up a letter
撕… keep up one’s courage 保持… bring
up a child 抚养… break up a family 拆散…
stay up
late at night=do not go to sleep until very late
33. pass away=die die away=
(sound gradually
disappear 34. cut through=take a shortcut see
through one’s trick I
couldn’t get through;
the line was busy. 35. in charge of 负责 in the
charge of，意味着
在…管理下 36. add up to 总计 add
to=increase 增加添加 37. all at once=all of a
sudden=suddenly 38. give out 散发,分发,用完
give away 背弃,泄露，赠送 39. keep …
safe to remain
safe : cf: remaining food(剩菜剩饭=leftover to stay
safe 40. What do you
think of your new job?
How do you like your new job ? How do you find
your new job?
你认为你的新工作怎么样？
(