广西幼儿师范学校-哈尔滨华德

英语学习讲义
题型三 词义猜测题

语篇出处：2019年全国卷Ⅲ·B篇 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：中国时尚

For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for
Western creative.
“It's no secret that China has always been a source (来源) of inspiration for
designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A＋E Networks, a global
media company and home to some of the biggest fashion (时尚) shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York
exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of
art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western
fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The
exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese
influences.
“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces
of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which
means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its
movement.” Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by
China—some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.
“Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking_on Galliano, Albaz, Marc
Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when
discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so
are the consumers，” she says. “China is no longer just another market; in many
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英语学习讲义
senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about
China—its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers
and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”
can we learn about the exhibition in New York？
promoted the sales of artworks.
attracted a large number of visitors.
showed ancient Chinese clothes.
aimed to introduce Chinese models.
does Hill say about Chinese women？
are setting the fashion.
start many fashion campaigns.
admire super models.
do business all over the world.
do the underlined words “taking on” in Paragraph 4 mean？
ng from B．looking down on
g with D．competing against
can be a suitable title for the text？
Models Selling Dreams to the World
B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
ences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
e Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends


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英语学习讲义


题1：题干中的关键词“about the exhibition in New York”，定位于文中第三段。
第三段最后一句“The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge
interest in Chinese influences.”在纽约的时尚展览出席率创纪录 ，显示出人们对中国
的影响有着巨大的兴趣。由此可判断，此次展览吸引了大量的参观者。选B。
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英语学习讲义

题2：定位到第四段，由关键词“Chinese models ..., which means Chinese
women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.”可知，中
国妇女不仅仅是时尚的消费者，她们也是时尚运动的核心。由此可知，中国妇女
正在开创新风尚。选A。

题3：根据第四段中的“... and beating them hands down in design and sales”可
知，在设计上和销售上打败了他们。由此可以 推知，该短语的意思是“与……竞
争”。选D。
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英语学习讲义

题4：文章第一段提到“对于西方设计师来说， 中国及其丰富的文化一直是
西方创意的灵感源泉。”最后一段提到“对于Hill来说，在谈论时尚时， 我们不
可能不谈论中国的领先地位。”由此可以推测，本文标题应为“中国文化催生国
际时尚潮 流”。选D。




考法1 代词指代类——“顺藤摸瓜”法

典例片段 (2019·南京盐城模考)So, now you know what style is, you'll need to
buy some clothes. But where? In the UK, you can get really cheap, stylish, second-hand
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英语学习讲义
clothes at charity shops. They're great if you want exclusive labels but don't want to pay
the price. The only difficulty is discovering where the really good bargains are. But
don't worry, Leila Gray can help you here. She's the proud owner of a vintage Hardy
Amies coat, picked up at a charity shop for ￡20—a good deal when you realize it cost
more than ￡800 new. “You have to go to the richer areas of a city，” she says.
“That's where all the labels are. It can take a bit of hunting around, but that is half the
fun, and there's a lot of buried treasure just waiting to be discovered.”
What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to？
g clothes of leading brands.
clothes at rather low prices.
ing for really good bargains.
ng a charity shop selling clothes.


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英语学习讲义

第一步 锁定内容：
内容与主题语境中的购物有关。
第二步 明确句意：
“它可能需要多逛一逛，但这是一半的乐趣，还有很多埋藏的宝藏等待被发
现。”
第三步 分析文本：
上文提到“The only difficulty is discovering where the really good bargains are.”唯一困难的是找到有物美价廉商品的地方。该句提到需要多逛一逛，后面提到还
会发现宝藏。由此推 知，多逛一下就能发现物美价廉的物品。选C。
考法2 词义猜测类——“线索追踪”法

典例片段 (2018·江苏高考，B篇)Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant
customers ate in darkness, they couldn't tell how much they'd had: those given
extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none_the_wiser—they didn't
feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert.
The underlined phrase “none the wiser” in Paragraph 3 most probably implies that
the customers were ________.
aware of eating more than usual
willing to share food with others
conscious of the food quality
fond of the food provided
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第一步 考查内容：
内容与主题语境有关，即灯光与吃饭多少的关系。
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英语学习讲义
第二步 分析句意：
“在昏暗的灯光下顾客无法判断 吃了多少食物”，“吃多了也不会觉得饱”，
用的是语境理解法。
第三步 对比选项：
文中“ate more than everyone else”和“didn't feel fuller”与选项A中的信息“not
aware of eating more than usual”一致，故选A。
考法3 句意猜测类——“意义吻合”法

典例片段 (2019·北京海淀模考)In December 2017, I attended a conference ... I
felt fortunate that I hadn't made that many mistakes in my own life.
Those women ... failed ... I was starting to feel sorry for them.
Then, ... I heard the words: “Don't be so proud of yourself. You haven't made
any mistakes because you haven't lived at all. Look how boring your life is.” ...
... The voice was right. There weren't many at all. I had followed a straight path
for 38 years. ... In fact, at 38, I had only had three jobs. “The_devil _(魔
鬼)_you_know_is_better_than_the_one_you_don' t” was my motto.
A quick review of my life made me realize that it was the actions I hadn't taken
that I was suddenly regretting ...
What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
familiar devil is more frightening.
“no” is better than saying “yes”.
's better to stay within the comfort zone.
'd better change your job more frequently.
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英语学习讲义



第一步 主旨大意：
作者本来对自己安逸的生活感到幸运，后来感觉到应该不畏失败，去尝试新
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英语学习讲义
的生活。
第二步 分析句意：
关键词“followed a straight path for 38 years”38年来按部就班地生活、工作。座
右铭是“安于现状”。
第三步 对比选项：
画线部分与选项C中的信息一致，即“待在舒适区更好些”。

(2019·河南郑州模考)语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：特色工作
A young Los Angeles actor in need of a second job to pay his bills has come up
with a brilliant way to supplement his income—people walking.
Chuck McCarthy originally considered becoming a dog walker to earn some extra
cash, but soon realized that the job required more than walking dogs on a leash.
However, walking people didn't require much when they were out on walks. Chuck
realized there was money to be made if he walked people around Los Angeles instead.
It might sound like a joke, but The People Walker, as he calls himself, is very
serious about his new job. For $$7 per mile, he offers to walk with clients around L．A.,
listening to their problems or simply making conversations and offering them a sense of
security. At 6-feet, 2-inches, and sporting a bulky figure and bushy beard, Chuck doesn't
look like the kind of guy you'd want to mess with.
Chuck's services are aimed at people who need a motivational boost to go walking,
those who don't feel safe walking alone in some areas, and those who are afraid that
people might see them walking by themselves and think that they have no friends. “I
wear my The People Walker shirt upon request and on the first walk with a new client,
so they can be 100% sure it's me，” McCarthy says. However, he admits some people
are a bit uncomfortable with this policy, as they don't necessarily want everyone to
know that they're being walked.
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英语学习讲义
So far, Chuck McCarthy has already had another five people walkers employed,
covering various areas, like downtown L．A., Hollywood, Eagle Rock, or Fairfax. Once
he posted signs around the city, his phone started ringing and clients began rolling in.
And with all the free publicity he has been getting in the press lately, more requests are
coming.
While he hopes that his acting career will pick up soon, in the meantime Chuck is
very happy with his people walking business. After all, it's literally a walk in the park
and it pays the bills.
篇章导读：本文 是一篇记叙文，主要讲了一位演员为了生活自创了一份新的
工作——陪人们散步、遛弯。
does the underlined word “supplement” in Paragraph 1 mean？
.
.
B．Increase.
D．Invest.
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据该句可知，这位演员需要第二份工作来支付 他的
账单，所以他想出了一个方法来增加他的收入。因此这里supplement是“增加”
的意思。
service of The People Walker isn't mentioned in the text？
ng up the clients.
anying the clients.
the clients food.
ng a sense of security.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文中第四段第一句“Chuck's services are aimed at
people who need a motivational boost to go walking, those who don't feel safe walking
alone in some areas, and those who are afraid that people might see them walking by
themselves and think that they have no friends.”可知，The People Walker可以提供的
帮助是使顾客精神振奋，陪伴他们，给予安全感，没有提及给顾客买食物。
do people prefer Chuck to walk without wearing The People Walker
shirt？
keep the walk comfortable.
avoid being recognized.
attract more new friends.
keep themselves alone.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段最后一句“However, he admits
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英语学习讲义
some people are a bit uncomfortable with this policy, as they don't necessarily want
everyone to know that they're being walked.”可知，人们认为如果他穿着衬衣，会让
别人知道他们找了people walker，这样他们会感到不舒服，所以他们更喜欢他不穿
这件衬衣。
do we know about Chuck McCarthy from the text？
has lost confidence in his acting career.
hopes to find excitement in people walking.
has inspired other people to be more creative.
earns more as a people walker than as an actor.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据文中最后一段可知，Chuck从事people walker
可以支付他的账单，而做艺人时则支付不起，所以做people walker应该比做艺人
挣得多。

client n. 客户；顾客；委托人 a sense of security 安全感 motivational adj. 激
发性的；动机的 boost n. 提高，增加；帮助 vt. 促进，推动
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英语学习讲义

第四段第一句：Chuck's services are aimed at people who need a motivational
boost to go walking, those who don't feel safe walking alone in some areas, and those
who are afraid that people might see them walking by themselves and think that they
have no friends.
译文：Chuck的服务对象是那 些需要动力推动去散步的人，那些在某些地区
独自行走感到不安全的人，以及那些害怕人们看到他们独自 行走并认为他们没有
朋友的人。
分析：这是一个主从复合句。who引导定语从句，分别修饰先行词people, those,
those。that引导宾语从句，分别作are afraid和动词think的宾语。
专题强化训练(三)
(1)
(2019·河南八市重点联盟模考)For most of her life, Suanne Laqueur's passion for
storytelling was shown on the dance floor.
Although Laqueur began writing at a young age, dancing always took center stage.
She majored in dance and theater at Alfred University and taught at her mother's dance
studio in Croton- on-Hudson, New York, for years. But when her mother was ready to
retire and an opportunity opened for Laqueur to take over the studio, she realized she
had no interest in taking on the business side of her art: “Owning a studio is a lot of
work—financially, logistically. I love the teaching, the choreographing (编舞), the
staging, but I didn't want to own it.”
Yet Laqueur's disinterest in running the studio changed when she became a
self-published author. In the fall of 2013, she decided to pursue self-publishing as a way
of sharing her first completed novel with friends and family. During the process, she
realized that following her true passion—telling stories through writing—made the
business of the art worthwhile, and owning that business meant she could direct her
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英语学习讲义
writing career however she chose.
Starting with her second self-published novel, she began investing more time in
marketing and building her audience. Her investment paid off. Since 2014, Laqueur,
now 49, has self-published six novels, which collectively have hundreds of ratings and
reviews on Goodreads. Her 2016 novel An Exaltation of Larks stole_the_show at the
25th Annual Writer's Digest Self-Published Book Awards, topping more than 2,300
entries to win the grand prize.
“You have to write the most truthful story to you, and I think self- publishing
allows that freedom，” she says. “If you work with traditional publishing, it's more
about what's marketable. There are trade-offs, which everyone will tell you, but by
self- publishing I have control of the book, I have control of the story, and I'm cool with
that.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了舞蹈演员Suanne Laqueur成功自助出
版小说的经历。
Paragraph 2, we can learn that Laqueur ________.
to own a publishing house
't like teaching dancing in fact
a part-time writer when she was young
interested in running her mother's studio
答案：C 细节理解题。依据第二段第一句可知，尽管Laqueur小时候开始写
作，舞蹈仍 然是她的主要职业。由此可知她年轻时是一名业余作家。
made Laqueur change her attitude to business？
mother's persuasion.
-publishing her novels.
desire to make money.
own passion toward art.
答案：B 细节理解题。依据第三段第一句可知，当她自助出版自己的小说时，
她对经营工作室的想法改变了。
of the following can best replace the phrase “stole the show” in
Paragraph 4？
a failure
all the attention
B．was shown to people
D．was accidentally stolen
答案：C 词义猜测题。由后半句“topping more than 2,300 entries to win the
grand prize”可知，她2016 年的小说《云雀的崛起》获得第二十五届年度作家文摘
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英语学习讲义
自助出版图书奖。由此可推知，她的书获得了所有的关注，C项符合语境。
can be inferred from what Laqueur's said？
enjoys the way of self-publishing.
will never use traditional publishing.
ional publishing only focuses on the market.
-publishing will replace traditional publishing.
答案：A 推理判断题。依据最后一段中的“I think self-publishing allows that
freedom ... and I'm cool with that”可知，她喜欢自助出版的方式。

passion n. 热爱 logistically adv. 在后勤方面 marketable adj. 畅销的；有销
路的

最后一段最后一句：There are trade- offs, which everyone will tell you, but by
self-publishing I have control of the book, I have control of the story, and I'm cool with
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英语学习讲义
that.
译文：每个人都会告诉你，任何事情都有利有弊，但是通过自助出版，我能
把控整本书和故事的写作。
分析：这是一个含有定语从句的并列复合句，but连接两个分句。在第 一个分
句中，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的trade-offs。
(2)
(原创题)
Tips for Running in the Morning
There are so many great reasons to run in the morning. It's a great way to wake up
and watch the world awaken with you. This is not to suggest that getting into the habit is
easy, especially if you're not a morning person. But there are ways to ease you into the
routine and in ways you may even enjoy.
◆Teach Yourself Good Sleep Habits
Building a morning running habit starts with a good night's sleep. According to the
American Sleep Association, you can train yourself to sleep at an earlier hour if you：
·Plan to go to sleep at the same time every night.
·Avoid TV, reading, or electronic devices an hour before bedtime.
·Avoid coffee or alcohol three hours before bedtime.
·Have a nightly routine, such as a warm bath, meditation (冥想), or listening to
calming music.
◆Sleep in Your Running Clothes
It's hard to blow_off a run when you're already dressed for it. If you really want to
get a jump start and find motivation as soon as you open your eyes, simply wear your
running clothes to bed.
◆Put Your Alarm Clock out of Reach？
When your alarm clock goes off early in the morning, you may want to get a
couple of more minutes' sleep. If you're struggling to get up, place the alarm clock
across the room so that you have to get out of bed to turn it off. The more steps you put
between you and the bed, the less likely you are to fall back asleep.
◆Eat Smart
It is never good to run on an empty stomach. After a long night's sleep, you have
little to draw upon in the way of energy. If you head out the door having eaten nothing
at all, you will likely experience tiredness, muscle pain, shortness of breath, and
weakness. Worst yet, you may convince yourself that you're “not made for morning
runs，” when, in fact, you're not feeding yourself properly.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有助于培养晨跑习惯的四种方法。
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英语学习讲义
ing to the writer, which is right for building a morning running habit？
to go to bed is not so important.
some reading just before bed.
ng some coffee or tea to calm.
sitting there thinking nothing at all.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二 段第一句可知，养成晨跑习惯从睡个好觉
开始，再根据第二段最后一句中的“meditation”可 知，睡前冥想有助于睡眠，从而
有助于培养晨跑习惯。故选D。
does the underlined phrase “blow off” mean in Paragraph 3？
be taken away by wind.
be removed by explosion.
quit something.
get out of something.
答案：C 词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知，当你前一晚上穿着跑步的衣服< br>睡觉，第二天早上已经是穿戴齐全的时候，很难忘记跑步。故选C。
is the real purpose to put the alarm clock away？
order not to be disturbed.
get a few more minutes' sleep.
order to protect the alarm clock.
get up as soon as possible.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“The more steps you put between
you and the bed, the less likely you are to fall back asleep.”可知，去关闹钟走的步数越
多，越容易起床。所以把闹钟放远的 真正目的是为了尽快起床，故选D。
is the worst result of not eating anything before morning running？
g unfit for running.
g out of breath.
g very hungry.
g extremely tired.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“Worst yet, you may
convince yourself that you're ‘not made for morning runs’”可知，最坏的结果是，
你可能会说服自己，你不适合晨跑。故选A。
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英语学习讲义

routine n. 常规；正常顺序 electronic devices 电子设备 motivation n. 动力，
积极性 out of reach 够不着；力量不及

第一段第三句：This is not to suggest that getting into the habit is easy, especially
if you're not a morning person.
译文：这并不是说养成这个习惯很容易，尤其是如果你不是早起的人。
分析：这是一个主从复 合句，if引导条件状语从句。主句中，that引导宾语从
句，作suggest的宾语。
(3)
(2019·广州市模考)The Mona Lisa effect describes the phenomenon where the
eyes in a portrait seem to follow the person looking at it, no matter where the person
stands in the room. The effect was obviously named after Leonardo da Vinci's famous
painting featuring the woman with the mysterious smile and the steady stare. But
ironically (讽刺地), a new study finds that Mona Lisa may not be all that interested in
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英语学习讲义
tracking her observers. Two researchers from Bielefeld University in Germany found
that the famous subject of the painting, also known as “La Gioconda”， is actually
looking just over your right shoulder.
For the experiment, Horstmann and his research assistant Sebastian Loth gathered
two dozen participants to take a look at the eyes of the painting. But they didn't just ask
them if they thought Mona Lisa was looking their way. Instead they displayed part of
her face on a computer screen, then asked volunteers to measure her stare using a
carpenter's ruler that was held horizontally between them and the screen.
Although the computer screen and the participants stayed in the same spot, the
ruler was moved closer and farther from the screen during the trial. In addition, the
researchers modified the size of Mona Lisa's face and how much of her features were
visible to see if that changed the perception of her stare. The images showed varying
degrees of rise—from 30 to 70 percent with some showing her entire face and others
showing just her eyes and nose.
The researchers also moved the images several centimeters to the left and to the
right, so the participants wouldn't just pick the same measurement on the ruler each
time.
Horstmann and Loth published their results in the journal i -perception where they
were very clear in their conclusion. “We conclude from the measurements that the lack
of evidences due to the declaration being objectively false: Mona Lisa does not stare at
the viewer，” they wrote. “There is no doubt about the existence of the Mona Lisa
effect—it just does not occur with Mona Lisa herself.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。实验证明“蒙娜丽莎效应”并不适用于蒙娜
丽莎画像。
does the new study find？
Mona Lisa effect does exist.
reason for Mona Lisa smile.
is the origin of the real Mona Lisa.
Lisa is not straightly looking at the viewer.
答案：D 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句和最后一段可知，蒙娜丽莎并没
有直接看着观看她的人。
were the participants required to do during the experiment？
operate a computer as they moved.
measure the direction of the stare with a ruler.
count the direction of the stare with a computer.
evaluate the distance between each participant.
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英语学习讲义
答案：B 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知，参加者被要求用木匠的尺子
测量蒙娜丽莎的眼神。
can best replace the underlined word “modified” in Paragraph 3？
ted.
ed.
B．Changed.
D．Described.
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据语境可知，此处表示：研究人员还 修改了蒙娜丽
莎的面部尺寸，以及她有多少面容是可见的，看看这是否改变了她凝视的感觉。
do Horstmann and Loth think of the new finding?
's reasonable and clear.
's beyond expectation.
's short of solid evidence.
's consistent with previous studies.
答案：A 推理判断题。由最后一段可知，Horstmann和Loth在杂志上发表
了他们的研究结果，他们的 结论清晰、合理。

feature n. 面容；特征；特色 horizontally adv. 水平地
perception n. 知觉；感知；洞察力
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英语学习讲义

第三段第二句：In addition, the researchers modified the size of Mona Lisa's face
and how much of her features were visible to see if that changed the perception of her
stare.
译文：此外，研究人员还修改 了蒙娜丽莎的面部尺寸，以及她有多少面容是
可见的，看看这是否改变了她凝视的感觉。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句，how much引导宾语从句，作动词modified的
宾 语。在从句中，if又引导宾语从句，作动词see的宾语。


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