2011高考英语冲刺练习(3)
重庆大学专业排名-湖北志愿填报
阅读理解
A
In two thousand five, Tanya
Pinto was a successful young businesswoman in
Dallas, Texas.
But she decided to take three
months off from work at an advertising company to
visit her
birthplace, India.
She
volunteered at Mother Teresa's home for orphans in
Kolkata. She also traveled, and saw
children
in great need.
That experience was life
changing. And that's why she decided to start a
charity. She returned
to her job in Texas and
began Baal Dan Charities. In Hindi, the name means
India has an estimated eighteen million poor
children. Some charity workers say the conditions
on the streets are, if anything, worse than
those shown in the film
children depend on
international charity projects like Baal Dan.
At first, Baal Dan provided street children
with clothes. Today, the organization gives money
to orphanages, schools and local projects. The
money provides food, medicine, schoolbooks and
some education.
Tanya Pinto started her
project with small donations from friends and co-
workers. Today, Baal
Dan has other financial
supporters in the United States. People organize
events to raise money. A
restaurant in Dallas
donates money whenever anyone orders
In the
next several years, Tanya Pinto hopes to begin
sponsoring an orphanage. She visits India
as
often as she can while working full-time at the
advertising company. Her last trip was in May.
She talks about a trip when she visited a care
center operated by a local group that her charity
has helped. Two boys recognized her. They had
met her at a shelter at a railway station the year
before. The children, she says, were rescued
from the streets and were doing well.
Tanya
Pinto says you do not have to be wealthy or well
known to help others.
not a celebrity, if you
are not rich, if you are not famous, you can do
something to help make this
world a better
place.
1. What can we know about Baal Dan
Charities?
A. It was started by Tanya Pinto
after working with Mother Teresa.
B. It has
got an American name but offers financial support
to India.
C. It now can collect more money to
give Indian children more help
D. It
directly provides the poor Indian children with
clothes and food.
2.
A. an event to raise
money B. a popular song
C. the
money used in India D. a kind of
food
3. According to the passage we can
conclude that __________.
A. the more money
you have, the better you can help others
B. ‟t
show India‟s real conditions
C. common
people contribute to helping the poor in the world
D. Tanya Pinto is a well-known rich
businesswoman in America
4. The purpose of the
last paragraph is to __________.
A. tell us
why Tanya Pinto is devoted to charities.
B.
explain who can make the world a better place
C. advise people to help the poor children in
India
D. encourage more people to help change
the world
5. The passage is mainly
about __________.
A. Tanya Pinto and her Baal
Dan Charities
B. the poor living conditions
of Indian children
C. the life changing
experience for Tanya Pinto
D. Tanya Pinto
and the Indian children she helps
【篇章导读】
本文为记述文，讲述了印度出生的美国人Tanya
Pinto一次印度之行改变了她的人生轨迹，
开创了名为Baal Dan的慈善机构，救助贫困的印
度儿童。她特别谈到不是要名人和富人才
能做慈善，普通人也能做点什么来把这个世界变得更美好。
【答案解析】
1. 本题答案是C。从文章第5、6段可以看出Baal Dan Char
ities的发展壮大，从开始接受朋
友和同事的捐助为印度流浪儿童提供衣服，到现在拥有其他受捐渠
道，为印度的孤儿园、学
校和当地的慈善项目提供资金，说明其能筹集更多的资金给印度贫困儿童更多的
帮助。选项
D忽略了第6段对Baal Dan Charities现状的描述。
2.
本题答案是D。猜测词义，根据上文的“restaurant” 、“orders”可猜到
是一种食
物，考生没有读懂文段，机械照搬才会选到上文出现过的文字“event to raise
money”，即选项A。
3. 本题答案是C。答案可以从以主人公Tanya
Pinto的经历结合最后一段推测出来，“you do
not have to be
wealthy or well known to help
others”，你不是名人或是富人也没有关系，“you
can do something
to help make this world a better place”。选项A、D都与此不符
合，也是文章
中没有提到的内容，考生不可以没有根据地做推断题。选项B曲解了文章提到电影
Millionaire的目的，不是要批评该影片没有完全反映印度贫民窟儿童的惨状，而是通过对比，
让读者对印度儿童的生活状况有更清晰的认识。
4. 本题答案是D。最后一段Tanya Pin
to强调人们不需要是名人或是富人都可以帮助他人，
其实是以自身经历来更多的普通人投入到慈善事业
中。该段真实的目的不是为了说明是谁可
以帮助改变世界，为什么要投入慈善事业。选项C又片面了一些
，考生要注意避免以偏概
全。
5. 本题答案是A。本文的主旨大意是介绍人物Tanya
Pinto和她开创Baal Dan 慈善机构。文
章讲述了印度儿童，是为了说明Tanya
Pinto的慈善事业的意义，从内容结构上说，无法与
文章的主人公并列。选项C所说的life
changing experience在文章中指的是Tanya
Pinto第一
次印度之行，是Tanya Pinto的慈善事业的起因，而非文章主旨。
B
ARNOLD Schwarzenegger is to many the
embodiment (化身) of the American dream.
He
arrived in the US speaking no English, conquered
the worlds of bodybuilding and film –
becoming
a millionaire property developer along the way –
and was elected governor of California
in late
2003.
Now, three months after leaving the
post, he returns as a superhero version of himself
in TV
cartoons and a comic book.
Schwarzenegger was born in a small town in
Austria. At the age of 21 he moved to the US,
going on to win Mr Universe for times. He
developed his brains as well as his body,
graduating
from the University of Wisconsin
with a business and economics degree.
He used
his contest winnings in property and a
bodybuilding equipment company to further
other careers. He became a millionaire at the
age of 22. He then started on ambitious plan to
conquer Hollywood.
One of the
important skills he had learned is self-promotion.
When he was new to America,
he couldn‟t
understand why he was failing in his first
business venture: laying bricks at the homes
of Los Angeles‟ wealthy.
Why was it,
Schwarzenegger asked a business friend, that he
underpriced competitors but
wasn‟t getting
hired? The friend said the problem was his broken
English. He suggested he
promote himself as
“specialty European bricklayer”. He did – and
charged higher rates than
established
bricklayers. He soon had more jobs than his
muscles cold handle.
“That is when Arnold
learned promotion was just as important as skill,”
says his friend Dana
Rohrabacher: “The steak
was important, but so was the sizzle (咝咝声).”
1. Why is Schwarzenegger considered as the
embodiment of the American dream?
A. because
he worked as governor of California though he was
from Austria
B. because he won champion of
body building in America.
C. Because he is
successful through his own efforts.
D. Because
he does well in several fields.
2. How many
years did Schwarzenegger work as governor of
California ?
A. 7 years B. 8 years
C. 9 years D. 10 years
3. What did
Schwarzenegger use to be before he became governor
of California?
A. businessman, economist,
bodybuilder,
B. bodybuilder, film star,
competitor
C. bodybuilder, film star,
businessman
D. competitor, businessman,
bodybuilder
4. The underlined word
“underprice” is closest in meaning with ________.
A. give little money to
B. give a lower price than
C. lend little
money to D. give up some
money from
5. The last sentence: “The steak
was important, but so was the sizzle” actually
means________.
A. The way one works decides
whether to succeed.
B. Words speaks louder
than actions
C. No one can be successful
without efforts.
D. Advertising is as
important as skills.
keys : C B C B D
答案解析：
这是一篇介绍加州离职州长施瓦辛格成功人生的报道。
1. 这其实是主旨大意题。为什么施瓦辛格被认为是美国梦的化身？美国梦主要
是一种相信<
br>只要在美国经过努力不懈的奋斗便能获得更好生活的理想，施瓦辛格从奥地利移民来美
国，上大学
，当健美冠军，投资房地产，当电影明星，竞选州长，正是通过自己的不断
努力获得了成功。所以选C.
2. 这是一个细节理解题。从第2段和第3段可以看出施瓦辛格2003年末当选州长，3个月
前离职（2011年），也就是做了两任州长，从2004 到2011年，八年。所以选B.
3.
通读全文，我们知道施瓦辛格做过bodybuilder, property developer
(房地产发展商)，
film star,然后从政当州长。
4. 施瓦辛格刚开始经商并不
成功，从第六段看出，他为了接下生意，出价比别人低，但是
没有成功。他想知道为什么
。从上下文猜 underprice 是出低价的意思。
5. 这是一句美国俗语。牛肉很重要，
咝咝的声音也很重要。含义是，活能干得好，也要会
宣传会推销。所以D 的意思很接近。
C
“Atomic tourism” sites around the world
offer history and sometimes lessons from the
deadly
consequences of the nuclear age. The
crisis in Japan has increased interest in nuclear
related
museums and plants, once-secret
Manhattan Nuclear Project and areas laid waste by
disaster.
“Evidence suggests that there is a
great interest in things about nuclear in
general，and
specifically about the Japanese
situation,” said Allan Palmer, executive director
of the Atomic
Testing Museum in Las Vegas.
Attendance was up 12 percent on a recent weekend
at the museum.
At the National Museum of
Nuclear Science & History in Albuquerque,
attendance jumped
about 20 percent on a recent
weekend as work continued at the Japan reactors
after the earthquake
and tsunami wiped out
power to northern Japan.
“Folks definitely
want information about nuclear reactors and
nuclear radiation,” said
Jeanette Miller, a
spokeswoman for Albuquerque museum.
One of the
museum‟s guides, retired physicist Duane
Hughes，said inquiring visitors aren‟t
worried
but seem confused about reports of the dangers in
Japan. The museum hosted a specialist
to brief
introduction on what‟s going on.
“We try to
give people a balanced, factual, and truthful
response,” Hughes said. “I didn‟t see
anyone
who is showing any emotional situations like, „Oh
my God, the sky is falling.‟”
“At Three Mile
Island in Pennsylvania，which was the worst
accident we ever had，about half
of the
core(炉芯) melted, so about 50 percent. It resulted
in no radiation releases off-site that
threatened anybody. So, you can have fuel
melt，and if the rest of your safety systems work
and
you manage to keep the reactor under
control, the dangers for public health and safety
are really
minimal.”
Miller and other
museum officials said spring break, along with
special events like the NBA
basketball matches
nearby, are contributing to increased foot
traffic.
Other locations that played important
roles in the development of nuclear technology
stay
busy for tours much of the year.
1. Which of the following has seen the largest
increase in the number of tourists on a recent
weekend ?
A. Atomic Testing Museum in Las
Vegas.
B. The National Museum of Nuclear
Science & History in Albuquerque.
C. Manhattan
Nuclear Project.
D. Three Mile Island in
Pennsylvania.
2. More visitors come to the
atomic museums NOT to ________.
A. get a
good knowledge of what is happening in Japan.
B. get information about nuclear reactors and
nuclear radiation
C. rid themselves of their
worry about the nuclear plants
D. clarify
their confusion about reports of the dangers in
Japan
3. Atomic tourism attracts more tourists
NOT because _____.
A. Japan nuclear
situation arouses more interest
B. it is
time for spring holidays in America
C. special events like NBA is being held near some
atomic museums
D. more people want to know
how to protect them from nuclear radiation
4.
The underlined word “minimal” probably means
______.
A. the least or lowest B. the
most or the largest C. foreseen D. critical
5. The purpose of the passage is to _________.
A. describe people‟s increasing interest in
Japan nuclear crisis
B. introduce the recent
tourism development in the USA
C. report the
fact that more people are attracted by atom
museums
D. compare the two serious atom
accidents in Japan and the USA
解析
本文报道了核旅游景点吸引更多游客的情况，包增多的原因，旅游的目的和游客的表现。
1.
B。细节理解题。由第二、三段可知。本文没有提到C、D项游客增加的比例。
2.
C。推理判断题。由第五段inquiring visitors aren‟t worried but
seem confused about reports
of the dangers in
Japan 可知，游客不担心核电厂。
3.
D。推理判断题。由第二段可知不选A，由倒数第二段可知不选B和C。
4.
A。猜测词义题。由本段It resulted in no radiation releases
off-site that threatened
anybody.
可知，这次核泄露没有威胁到任何人地安全，因此，危险最小。
5.
C。主旨大意题作者意图题。文章第一段可知。
D
This brief
book is aimed at high school students, but speaks
to anyone learning at any stage
of life.
Its formal, serious style closely matches its
content, a school-masterly book on schooling.
The author, W. H. Armstrong, starts with the
basics: reading and writing. In his opinion,
reading
doesn‟t just mean recognizing each
word on the page; it means taking in the
information, digesting
it and incorporating it
into oneself just as one digests a sandwich and
makes it a part of him. The
goal is to bring
the information back to life, not just to treat it
as dead facts on paper from dead
trees.
Reading and writing cannot be completely separated
from each other; in fact, the aim of
reading
is to express the information you have got from
the text. I‟ve seen it again and again:
some-
one who can‟t express an idea after reading a text
is just as ineffective as someone who
hasn‟t
read it at all.
Only a third of the book
remains after that discussion, which Armstrong
devotes to specific
tips for studying
languages, math, science and history. He generally
handles these topics
thoroughly(透彻地) and
equally, except for some weakness in the science
and math sections and a
bit too much
passion(激情) regarding history to his students,
that was a hundred times more than
my history
teachers ever got across. To my disappointment, in
this part of the book he ignores the
arts. As
a matter of fact, they demand all the
concentration and study that math and science do,
though the study differs slightly in kind.
Although it‟s commonly believed that the arts can
only be
naturally acquired, actually, learning
the arts is no more natural than learning French
or
mathematics.
My other comment is that
the text aged. The first edition apparently dates
to the 1960s—none
of the references(参考文献) seem
newer than the late 1950s. As a result, the
discussion misses the
entire computer age.
These are small points, though, and don‟t
affect the main discussion. I recommend it to any
student and any teacher, including the self-
taught student.
1. According to
Armstrong, the goal of reading is to________.
A. gain knowledge and expand one‟s view
B.
understand the meaning between the lines
C.
experts ideas based on what one has read
D.
gets information and keeps it alive in memory
2. What is the suitable definition of the
underlined phrase “got across” in the third
paragraph?
A. understood B. remembered
C. examined D. communicated
3. The author
of the passage insists that learning the
arts_________.
A. requires great efforts
B. demands real passion
C. is less natural
than learning maths
D. is as natural as
learning a language
4. What is a shortcoming
of Armstrong‟s work according to the author?
A. Some ideas are slightly contradictory.
B. There is too much discussion on studying
science.
C. The book pays too much attention
to arts.
D. The references of the book are not
new enough.
5. This passage can be classified
as________.
A. an advertisement B. a book
review
C. a feature story D. a news
report
1. 答案：C
考点：细节理解
解析：题干的关键词是goal of
reading，回原文定位到第二自然段，第二自然段有两处出现
了关键词，一处说“The
goal is to bring the information back to life, not
just to treat it as dead
facts on paper from
dead trees. ”，另一处说“the aim of reading is to
express the information you
have got from the
text. ” C选项正好与第二处原文相呼应，题干里的goal of
reading呼应原
文的aim of reading，C项的express
ideas呼应原文的express the information，based on what
one
has read呼应原文的information you have got from
the text。虽然我们不可否认读书的目的也
包括A和D两个选项提到的获取知识，扩大视野，但
由于原文没有提及，所以不能成为正
确选项。
2. 答案：D
解析：词义理解题。Get across 的词义就是succeed in
communicating ideas etc to sb.
3. 答案：A
解析：
作者态度题。观点态度题分为两种，一种是观点题，一种是态度题。态度题的干扰比
较简单，只需弄清楚
各个选项中的表示态度的中心词的意思就容易排出了。
4. 答案：D
考点：细节理解
解析：从第三段可以得出答案
5. 答案：B
考点：考查文章体裁，属于推理题
解析： 通过阅读每段的首句，不难发现第一自然段讲本书的写作对象（This brief
book is
aimed at high school
students），二、三自然段讲本书的写作内容（The author, W. H.
Armstrong,
starts with the basics „
only a third of the book remains after that
discussion „），第四自然段
是作者对本书的评价（My other comment
is that „），最后一段总结，向读者推荐这本书（I
recommend it to
any student and any
teacher）。把握住了全文的结构，就不难看出这篇文章是
一篇书评了。因此正确答案为B。
E
The common cold is the world's most
widespread illness, which is plagues(疫病) that
flesh
receives.
The most widespread
mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold.
They are not. They are
caused by viruses(病毒)
passing on from person to person. You catch a cold
by coming into
contact, directly or
indirectly, with someone who already has one. If
cold causes colds, it would be
reasonable to
expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.
But they do not. And in isolated
Arctic
regions explorers have reported being free from
colds until coming into contact again with
infected people from the outside world by way
of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
During the First World War soldiers who spent
long periods in the trenches, cold and wet,
showed no increased tendency to catch colds.
In the Second World War prisoners at the
notorious Auschwitz concentration
camp(奥斯维辛
集中营), naked and starving, were
astonished to find that they seldom had colds.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England,
volunteers took part in Experiments in
which
they gave themselves to the discomforts of being
cold and wet for long stretches of time.
After
taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits,
allowed themselves to be with cold water, and
then stood about dripping wet in drafty room.
Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised
in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one
of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a
cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with
catching colds, why are they more frequent in
the winter? Despite the most pains—taking
research, no one has yet found the answer. One
explanation offered by scientists is that
people tend to stay together indoors more in cold
weather
than at other times, and this makes it
easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No
one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are
drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such
as
aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the
symptoms(症状).
1. The writer offered _______
examples to support his argument.
A. 4 B. 5
C. 6 D. 3
2. Which of the following does
not agree with the chosen passage?
A. The
Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time.
B. Colds are not caused by cold.
C.
People suffer from colds just because they like to
stay indoors.
D. A person may catch a cold by
touching someone who already had one.
3.
Arctic explorers may catch colds when ________.
A. they are working in the isolated Arctic
regions
B. they are writing reports in
terribly cold weather
C. they are free from
work in the isolated Arctic regions
D. they
are coming into touch again with the outside world
4. The underlined word “trenches” in the
passage probably means _________.
A. holes for
soldiers to protect themselves in battles
B. picnics for soldiers to have in
battles
C. rooms for soldiers to sleep during
battles
D. places for soldiers to take a bath
5. The passage mainly discusses ________.
A. the experiments on the common cold
B. the fallacy（谬误） about the common cold
C. the reason and the way people catch colds
D. the continued spread of common colds
【答案解析】本文为议论文。阐述了“感冒不是由寒冷引起的”观点。
1.
B。细节题。作者举了5个例子来说明自己的观点：Eskimos; explorers in
isolated Arctic
regions; soldiers during the
First World War; prisoners at the Auschwitz
concentration camp;
volunteers in Experiments.
2. C。细节题。选项A、B、D均与原文相符(见第二段)，而选项C显然与文中的You
catch
a cold by coming into contact, directly
or indirectly, with someone who already has one.
不相符，
故选C。
3. D。细节题 从 …explorers have
reported being free from colds until coming into
contact
again with infected people from the
outside 中可以知道，这些探险者是因为与外界接触而感
冒的。
4. A.
根据其后cold and wet的补充解释得出“战壕”之意。
5.
B。主旨题。第二段的第一、二句The most widespread mistake of all
is that colds are
caused by cold. They are
not.是本文的主题句。全文主要阐述了“感冒不是由寒冷引起的”这
一观点。