英语形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
于丹说论语-石材供货合同
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
一.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下
(1) 符合规则的：
情
况
一 般 情 况
以e结尾的词
以“辅音+y”结尾的词
以一个辅音字母结尾的词
多音节和部分双音节单词
加 法
直接加 -er -est
加 –r -st
变y为i再加-er
-est
例 词
all-taller-tallest
nice-
nicer-nicest
dry-drier-driest
heavy-
heavier-heaviest
辅音字母双写，再加-er -est thin-
thinner-thinnest
在词前加 more most
more
delicious
most delicious
(2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：
原 级
good , well
bad , ill
many , much
little
far
比较级
better
worse
more
less
farther further
最高级
best
worst
most
least
farthest furthest
二．形容词和副词比较级的用法
级别
原
级
比较程度
同
等
程
度
肯
定
形
式
表达方式和意义 例 句
Art is as
interesting
as music.
Play as well as you
can.
备 注
As+原级+as
(像……一样)
否
定
形
式
not + so (as)
+原级
+as
(不如……那样)
English is not so
difficult as science.
She does not study
so
well as I do.
Jim is older than
Luky.
I like pork better
than beef.
He is growing taller
and taller.
He
studies better and
better.
The more books
she
reads, the better she
understand.
Spring is the best
season of the year.
Lin Tao jumped (the)
farthest of all.
不同程度
（用于两
者比较）
比较
级
比较级+than
(比……)
比较级前面可以加
much, far, even, still,
a lot, a little, a bit等
比较级+and+比较
级
（越来越……）
程度加深 The + 比较级，the
+ 比较级
（越……,
越……）
最高程度
（用于三
者或三者
以上）
The +最高级+of
(in)
(最……)
最高
级
副词最高级前面的
the
往往省略
注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure,
woolen 等受本身含义
的限制，没有比较级。
例题解析
思
1. He is
________ friends than I.
A. much more B.
many more C. very more D. too more
解析：
后面有可数名词复数时， many的比较级形式为many more 修饰。 应选B.
2.
Which is the _________ country, Japan or
Australia?
A. more developed B. more
developing C. most developed D. most
developing
解析： 两者比较用比较级， 表示发达用 developed,
而developing 是 发展中的意
3． There were _______ shops
in the city in 1982 than in 1990.
A. little
B. few C. fewer D. less
解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级， 所以应选C.
4. If
you are not free today, come another day
__________.
A. too B. so C. instead
D. yet
解析：instead 作副词用时意为代替，顶替， 表示前面的事情没做，
而是做了后面
的事。Instead一般位于句首。应选C.
5．He can't
tell us ________, I think.
A. important
anything B. anything important
C. important something D. something
important.
解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something.
因
此应选B
6. The Huang River is the second
__________ river in our country.
A. long
B. longer C. longest D. the longest
解析：定冠词the+ 序数词 + 形容词最高级 表示第几大……应选C.
7. The
light in the office wasn't ________for him to
read.
A. enough bright B. bright
enough C. brightly D. enough brightly
解析：enough修饰名词时可前可后， 修饰形容词或副词时， 要后置。应选B.
8.
There was an accident at the corner. ________, the
girl wasn't _________hurt.
A. luckily,
badly B. luck, hardly C. Lucky, heavily D.
Lucky, strongly
解析：第一空修饰全句需用副词，第二空修饰形容词hurt也要用副词， 因此选A.
9.
You must keep your eyes _________ when you do eye
exercises.
A. close B. open C.
closed D., opened
解析: 此处需用形容词做宾语补足语。
应选C.
10. Five days has passed , but I
haven't finished half of the work. ________,
A. already B. still C. too D. yet
解析：already 与 yet 都可用于现在完成时态。Already常用于肯定句，
而yet 常用
与否定句。应选D.
三．形容词副词比较级最高级的其他用法
（1）和冠词连用
the ＋形容词原级＋v(复)，指一类人或物
the ＋ 形容词比较级，指两者中“较…的”的那一个，eg. the younger of the
two
a an ＋形容词比较级eg. The pen is expensive.
I want a cheaper one.
( a) ＋most＋形容词最高级
“非常…” eg. a most beautiful city
( 2 ) 相关结构
1)
原级比较：肯定句
as….as….,
否定句
not
so as….as….
.
2)
比较句：
比较级
＋
than….
或
more (less) ….than…..
The furniture in this shop is less beautiful
than that in that shop.(注意代词that的用法)
3)
比较级＋
and
＋比较级
或
more and
more
＋比较级
“
越来越
… ”
richer and
richer, more and more interesting
4) The
more….., the more…..“
越
…
，
越
…”
The more you look at the picture,
the better you will like it.
5)
比较级＋
than any other
＋
n.
（单）
（适用于范围一致时）
(all) other
＋
n.
（复）
any
＋
n.(
单
)
（适用于范围不一致时）
He is taller than any other student
all other students in his class.
any student in my class.
6)
倍数表达法。
A is three(four, etc.)times the
size(height, length etc.)of B.
A is
three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as
B.
A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher,
longer, etc.)than B.
用
times
表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用
twice
或
double.
The new building is four times the size
(the height)of the old one.
这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。
Asia is four times as large as
Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
Your school is three times
bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。
7)
more…than…
结构，其意往往是
…rather than…
，可译为
“
是
……
而不
是
……”
或颠倒词序译作
“
与其说是
……
，不如说是
……”
。
That
little girl is more tired than hungry.
那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。
She is more a mother than a
wife或She is more of a mother than a wife.
她是贤妻，更是良母。
8) A is to B what C is to D
A
和
B
的关系就像
C
和
D
的关系
Air is to man what water is to fish. 空气
对于人类就像水和鱼的关系。
9) no more than= only
“
只不过
”
，言其少
not more than=at
most “不多于”，“至少”，指事实。
no more …than…
和…一样不… 如单音节使用比较级形式
not more…than…
不比…更…
no less than= as much as “多达”
no fewer than= as many as
例：
I
have no more than five yuan in my pocket.
我口袋里的钱只不过5元。
I have not more than five yuan
in my pocket. 我口袋里的钱不多于5元。
He is no
richer than I.他和我一样穷。
He is no less determined
than you. 他的决心不亚于你。
(no less determined
than等于“其决心不亚于你”，言其大)
He is not less
determined than you. 他的决心不比你小。
(not less
determined than等于“其决心不小于”，无言其大或小的含义)
10)
最高级＋
of in among….
He is the
tallest of the three among them in is class.
四．相关词语辨析
和much
A）very修饰形容词、副词的原级；much修饰比较级；修饰动词用much或very
much ,
eg. I very like English.(×),因改为：I like
English very much.
B) 表示状态的过去分词前用very。a very
frightened boy, a very tired child
.一般的情况
下，以-ed结尾的分词多用much、very much
greatly等修饰。
如：We were greatly much shocked by
the news about Tom..
C) 已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。
如：very interesting worrying exciting
D）too前用much far ,不用very。
You are much far
a lot too nice.
另外，在too many much, too few
little前用far。
We’ve got far too many eggs and
far too few egg cups.
E)还有修饰词既不用very,也不用much.
eg. be well worth
doing, be well above the tree
2. so和such
A)so … that …
与
such … that …
的区别。
so + 形容词 副词 + that …
so +
形容词 + a（n）+ 单数可数名词 + that …
so + many much
little few + 名词 + that …
such + a(n)+
形容词+单数可数名词 + that …
such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that
…
such + 形容词 + 复数名词 + that …
注意：
但
当
little
表示
“
小
”
时用
such
。
如：These are such little boys that they
can’t dress t hemselves.
下列
so
的用法是错误的：
so a difficult
problem, so difficult problems, so hot weather。
B) some any every no each all another several
few many one two
+such+n. eg. no such word
3. be too much + n.
be much too+ adj.
be too much for sb.
对
…
太过分了
4. can’t be too +adj.= can’t be +adj.+ enough
“
无论
…
都不为过
”
You can
never be careful enough.= You can never be too
careful.你越小心越好。