高三英语比较级句型表示最高级的含义、从高考试题看Wh_ever等的用法等六篇语法用法小段文
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比较级句型表示最高级的含义、从高考试题看Wh_ever等的用法、be+不定式的用法小结
、
常考英语语法十五要点、语法点滴“疑问词+不定式”用法小结、和名词性从句引导词细辨
英语中用比较级句型可以表示最高级的含义，较为常见的有下列几种形式：
1、直接使用比较级
①How beautiful she sings! I've
never heard a better voice.
= She has the
best voice I've ever heard.
她唱得多好啊！这是我听到的最美的歌喉。
②I have never read a more
interesting novel.
= It is the most
interesting novel I've ever read.
这是我读过的最有趣的小说。
2、比较级 + than + the other + 复数名词
+ any other + 单数名词 + any of the other
+ 复数名词
①She goes to school earlier than the other
girls.
她比其他女孩早上学。
②He works harder
than any other student.
她学习最用功。
③China
is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.
中国是亚洲最大的国家
3、比较级 + than + anything
anyone else
①George did more work than anyone
else.
乔治干活最多。
②Tom cared more for money
than for anything else
汤姆最喜欢钱。
4、在比较句型中使用 等词。
①I like nothing better than
swimming.
我最喜欢游泳。
②Nobody can do the
work better than he did.
这项工作他做得最出色。
③No other building is as grand as the new
hotel.
新建的宾馆是当地最豪华的。
从高考试题看Wh_ever等的用法
从高考试题看Wh_ever等的用法
1._______ leaves the room last ought to turn
off the lights.
A. AnyoneB. The person
C. Whoever D. Who (key: C)
2. It is generally considered unwise to give
a child ________ he or she wants.
A.
howeverB. whatever
C. whichever D.
whenever (key: B)
3. _______, Mother will
wait for him to have dinner together.
A.
However is he lateB. However he is late
C.
However he late D. However late he is (key:
D)
以上试题涉及who what which when where how +
ever的用法，现归纳如下：
1、What who which +
ever可引导名词性从句，相当于anything that或anyone who.
e.g.1) Whoever works hard will succeed.
(whoever = anyone who)
2) Whatever we do is to
serve the people. (whatever= anything that)
2、what who which when where how +
ever可引导让步状语从句，相当于no
matter what who which when
where how.
However引导让步状语从句时常与形
容词或副词连用，从句语序为however + adj.
adv. + 主 + 谓.
e.g.1) Whatever you do, you
must think it over first. (whatever = no matter
what)
2) Wherever you go, I'll follow you.
(whenever = no matter where)
3) However hard
you try, you'll fail. (however = no matter how)
3、when where + ever还可引导时间或地点状语从句，相当于every
time, everywhere.
e.g.1) Whenever we see Mr.
Lee we say hello to him. (whenever = every time)
2) He may go wherever he wants. (wherever =
anywhere)
4、What who which when where how +
ever也可用于疑问句中，比what who
whichwhen where
how语气更强，意思是究竟是……?
e.g.1) Whoever did such a
foolish thing?
2) Whatever do you think you
are doing?
be+不定式的用法小结
be＋不定式是英语中常见的一种结构，关于它的用法现在总结如下：
一、构成系表结构：
1、表示目的，例如：
The prize was to honour him
for his great discoveries.
这项奖励是为了对他的重大发现而表示的敬意。
2、对主语内容进行解释说明，例如：
What you should do is (to) answer my questions.
你所应该做的就是回答我的问题。
二、表示将来：
1、表示按计划安排要发生的事情，例如：
The president is to visit
China next year.
总统将于明年访问中国。
If we are
to be there in time, we'll have to hurry up.
如果我们想及时到达那里，就必须要赶快。
注：我们可以说：It's going to
rain.
但不能说：It's to rain.
2、表示无法预见的结果或注定要发生的事情，例如：
Better days are soon
to follow.
好日子就要到了。
三、构成虚拟语气：
1、were
to do 用于虚拟条件句中，表示对将来情况的虚拟。例如：
What would you
do if war were to break out?
假如战争爆发你会怎么做？
2、waswere+不定式的完成式（＝should+不定式的完成式）表示过去应该发生而未发生
的动作，例如：
We were to have been married last
year。
我们本打算去年结婚的。
四、be
后的个别动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，例如：
It's Jim who is to
blame.
该怪的是吉姆。
This house is to let.
此房出租。
五、其他用法：
1、表示命令，指令。例如：
You
are not to bring any mobile communication means
into the exam-room.
任何移动通讯工具都不得带入考场。
2、表示必须，必要。例如：
This letter is to be handed
to him in person.
这封信必须要面交他本人。
3、表示能够或可能发生的事情，例如：
How are we to convince
him?
我们怎么能够说服他呢？
4、表示应该，例如：
Such
questions are to be avoided.
这样的问题应该避免。
常考英语语法十五要点
一、 动词时态及语态题（大家应该记住我所讲过的九种时态，特别是
其中的过去完成，过
去进行时，客观真理要用一般现在时等）
1、The manager
told us that this factory was built in 1958.
2、By the time we got there, the play had
already begun.
3、When I was a child, I knew
that the earth turns about its axis.
4、When
got home after a day’s exhausting work, his wife
and children
were sleeping.
二、 非谓语动词题（特别是现
在分词与过时分词的区别，大家一定要弄明白主动与被动这
对最最重要的区别，要求大家多看我的上课笔
记）
1、The film showed last night was very
moving. (不用moved，大家别忘了-ed形容
词和-ing形容词的区别)
2、Having finishing his lecture, the teacher
asked if anyone wished to asked a
question.
3、The problem being discussed is very
important.
4、Given more time, we are sure to
finish it.
5、Will you please make yourself
known to everyone here?
三、 It作形式主语及形式宾语题（这也是一个
常考点，it本身是没有意思的,注意it还可以
指时间，天气等。）
1、It is
difficult to study English well.
2、We think it
is important to pass the exam.
四、
强调句型（大家要记住的是it is (was)…….that….,如果前面是it iswas
后面往往
选用that，当然强调人的时候也可用who）
1、It was at an
evening party that I first saw her.
2、It is
what you will do that is important.
3、When was
it that he bought a new car?
五、 倒装句型
全部倒装句(这种全部倒装题历年只考过一次，考得最多的都是下面的部分倒装)
1、Stop talking! There comes the teacher.
部分倒装句（如果选项里面有两个主谓倒装了，两个没有,我们一般要在倒装里做选择）
1、So badly was he hurt in the accident that he
had to be sent to hospital.
2、Not only does he
study well, but also he is always ready to help
others.
3、Mary has done well in the English
exam. So she has. She always does well in the
exam.
六、 从句中选择关系词题（重点在定语从句,多看笔记,
becausesincenow thatasfor;
so…that…such…
that…）
1、It was in so friendly a way that he
talked with us.
2、Oct.15, 2005 is a day when
we will take our English examination.
3、We
want to buy the same book as you are reading.
4、The sun heats the earth, which is very
important to living things.
七、 虚拟语气（我们要记住与现在，过
去，将来相反的三种情况，特别是与过去相反的情
况最常考，再有就是wishas if 后面所接的
三种情况，还有一个常考点在
suggest,demand,require,order等表示建议
，要求，命令的词后面加从句时，从句里谓语
要用(should）+动词原形，如果是被动则用(sh
ould +be +动词过去分词)
1、I would have done it
better if I had had more time.
2、I wish you
would go with us tomorrow.
3、I suggest that we
(should )adopt a different policy.
4、Had it
not been for your help, we would never have been
able to get over the
difficulties.
八、 情态动词
题（除了掌握常见情态动词基本用法外，常考点在三种表推测的情况，分别
为must表对现在事情的肯
定推测 ，can’t表对现在事实的否定推测， must have
+v-ed
表示对过去事实的肯定推测，而则表示过去应该做某事而没有做）
1、The
ground is so wet, it must have rained last night.
2、She must be a doctor, I think.
3、I
should have called you last week, but I was too
busy then.
九、 几组形容词及副词区别题（注意比较级、最高级、倍数表达;
likelypossibleprobable;
worthworthy; too
muchmuch too; alreadyyet等）
1、His books are
three time as many as my books.
2、The Nile
river is the longest river in the world.
3、It
is much too hot tonight.
4、The harder he
worked, the happier he felt.
十、 主谓一致题（往往出题者都是考
谓语动词选单数这种情况，如each,every,everyone
这样的词作主语以及Mary,
like many other girls likes listening to
music这样的题）
1、The moral of the officers and
crew was very high.
2、Each boy and each girl
in the city is asked to go to school.
3、Neither the quality nor the prices have
changed.(近位原则)
十一、
动词及动词词组区别题（常考的有raiserisearisearose;
spendcosttakepayafford; woundinjurehurtdamage;
findfindoutdiscoverinvent; hitstrikeringbeat;
tellsayspeaktalk;
joinjoin intake part
in等以及我所讲过的动词短语）
1、Can you tell the
difference between these two words?
2、He
joined the army three years ago.
十二、
主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时（或现在完成时）表将来题
1、They will leave
the classroom when they have finished writing.
2、We will start to work as soon as our teacher
comes.
十三、 名词所有格以及名词后面有限定时则该名词前一定要加定冠词the题（名词的
格有
以下两种情况，Tom’book, 以及 the books of our
school，特别是用of表示的所有格我
们一定要习惯这种表达）
1、Beijing
is the capital of China.
2、He can’t have the
expience of all of the world.
十四、
常用介词区别题(如on, in, except besides, within, without,
through等)
1、You should write in ink not with
your pencil.
2、He pulled her into the train by
the arm.
3、by bustrainair…. On foot, on the
farm, in the morningafternoonevening, at
nightnoon
十五、 常考代词题（常考的有otherothers,
anotherthe other; sometimessome
timesometime;
thatwhich; thatwhat, eitherneitheror;
tooalsoeither;
manymucha great deal ofa great
number ofa great amount of; a
fewfewlittlea
little; as long asas far as; so long asso far as ）
1、That you don’t like him is none of my
business.
2、The weather in the north is much
colder than that in the south in January.
3、He
must be a worker. I think so.
一、疑问词+不定式的构成：由疑问代词who, whom, what, which;
疑问副词when,
how, where等+不定式构成。
Choosing what
to eat is no longer as easy as it once was.
选择吃什么,已经不像以前
那么简单了。
How to describe people
is today's topic. 如何描述人物是今天的话题。
二
、疑问词+不定式的功能：在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
1.作主语
How to
give advice in English is what I am trying to
learn. 我正在努力学习如何用英
语提建议。
2.作宾语
①作动词的宾语
We have to start somewhere if we want to learn
how to write plays. 我们要学习写
剧本，总得有个开头。
②作介词的宾语
We had better learn to make the
right choices about what and how we eat.
我们最
好能学会正确选择吃什么、怎么吃。
When you are trying to
advise someone about what to do or what not to do,
you
can use should ought to or should not
ought not to. 当你想要建议某人做什么或
者不做什么时，你可以用should
ought to 或者 should not ought not to。
3.作表语
My question is where to find the answer.
我的问题是在哪里能找到答案。
三、疑问词+不定式的使用方法。
⒈
疑问词+不定式构成的短语在句中当名词用，可以写成相应的从句。
I am not sure
how to behave at the dinner table. (= I am not
sure how I should
behave at the dinner table.)
对餐桌礼仪，我心中没底儿。
⒉
这种结构中，疑问代词须接及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语(who, which除外)
【误】
I don't know what to talk.
【正】 I don't know
what to talk about.
但可以说：We haven't decided
who (which) to go. 我们还没定谁(哪个)去。
⒊
这种结构中的疑问副词后要接不及物动词；若接及物动词, 要有动词的宾语。
I don't
know how to talk. 我不知如何谈。
I wonder if you
could tell me how to do it.
不知您能否告诉我如何去做这件事。(不能
说: ... how to do.)
名词性从句引导词细辨
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句都属于名词性从句范畴。
引导这些从句的连词
大体上相同,但是部分学生对其中某些连词之间的区别还不甚清楚。此外连词之间的
差异也
一直是各类英语试题的命题热点。本文就这些易错易混的连词谈谈它们的用法区别。
一、that,what和which
1. that引导名词性从句时只起连接从句的作
用,本身没有任何意义,因此在从句中不充当任
何句子成分,它的使用须注意以下几点:
A. 引导宾语从句时,that常可省略,但如果主句后跟有并列宾语从句时,只能省略第一个
that;若宾语从句前插有别的从句时,that也不能省略。例如:
He told me
(that) he was all right and that he would come to
see me when he was
free. 他告诉我说他很好,并说在他有空时来看我。
B. that引导主语从句位于句首时不可省略.如果it作形式主语,而that从句置于句末,
这时
that可以省略。例如:
That he has lost his work
is not true. 他丢了工作不是真的。
=It is not true
(that) he has lost his work.
C.当主语为the
reason时,注意应用that 引导其表语从句,不能受汉语影响而误用
because。例如:
The reason why he was late was that he missed
the early bus.
他迟到的原因是他没
赶上早班车.(此句中的that不可用because代替)
D.引导同位语从句时,切不可错用which。例如:
Word has come
that some American guests will come to visit our
school next week.
有消息说下周将有一些美国客人来我校参观。
2.
what与which引导名词性从句时都在从句中充当句子的某一成份,如主语、表语、宾语
或定语,
其区别是:what表示泛指的事物,常译为什么或所……的事物whatever是它的
强语势无论什
么表示特定事物中的哪一个(些)一般情况下在从句中充当定语,后
接名词,在一定的语境中,它所修饰
的名词可以省略,whichever是它的强语势无论哪一个
(些)。例如:
I
believe what (whatever) he says.
我相信他说的(不管他说什么我都相信)。
I will give her which
(whichever) book she likes on the shelf.
这个书架上的(任何一本)
书,只要她喜欢,我都会给她。
二、who,whoever,whom和whomever
在引导名词性从句时,在句中
作主语时用who,意思是谁含有疑问意味,whoever是它的强
语势无论谁不含有
疑问意味。作宾语时用whom, 其相应强语势为whomever。判别时
要根据句意以及在句中的
语法功能来决定该用哪个引导词。例如:
Who has taken away my bag
is unknown.谁拿走了我的包还不知道。(若用Whoever
显然句意不通)
Whoever wants to see this film can go with us
tonight. 无论谁想看这部电影今晚可以
和我们一起去.(Whoever wants
相当于Anybody who wants,意为凡是想……的人。这
里不可换为Who。)
Have you decided whom you are to nominate as
your candidate? 你们是否已经决
定提名谁作侯选人了?
You can
give the ticket to whomever you like.
你可以把票给任何你想给的人。
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句都属于名词性从句范畴。
引导这些从句的连词
大体上相同,但是部分学生对其中某些连词之间的区别还不甚清楚。此外连词之间的
差异也
一直是各类英语试题的命题热点。本文就这些易错易混的连词谈谈它们的用法区别。
一、that,what和which
1. that引导名词性从句时只起连接从句的作
用,本身没有任何意义,因此在从句中不充当任
何句子成分,它的使用须注意以下几点:
A. 引导宾语从句时,that常可省略,但如果主句后跟有并列宾语从句时,只能省略第一个
that;若宾语从句前插有别的从句时,that也不能省略。例如:
He told me
(that) he was all right and that he would come to
see me when he was
free. 他告诉我说他很好,并说在他有空时来看我。
B. that引导主语从句位于句首时不可省略.如果it作形式主语,而that从句置于句末,
这时
that可以省略。例如:
That he has lost his work
is not true. 他丢了工作不是真的。
=It is not true
(that) he has lost his work.
C.当主语为the
reason时,注意应用that 引导其表语从句,不能受汉语影响而误用
because。例如:
The reason why he was late was that he missed
the early bus.
他迟到的原因是他没
赶上早班车.(此句中的that不可用because代替)
D.引导同位语从句时,切不可错用which。例如:
Word has come
that some American guests will come to visit our
school next week.
有消息说下周将有一些美国客人来我校参观。
2.
what与which引导名词性从句时都在从句中充当句子的某一成份,如主语、表语、宾语
或定语,
其区别是:what表示泛指的事物,常译为什么或所……的事物whatever是它的
强语势无论什
么表示特定事物中的哪一个(些)一般情况下在从句中充当定语,后
接名词,在一定的语境中,它所修饰
的名词可以省略,whichever是它的强语势无论哪一个
(些)。例如:
I
believe what (whatever) he says.
我相信他说的(不管他说什么我都相信)。
I will give her which
(whichever) book she likes on the shelf.
这个书架上的(任何一本)
书,只要她喜欢,我都会给她。
二、who,whoever,whom和whomever
在引导名词性从句时,在句中
作主语时用who,意思是谁含有疑问意味,whoever是它的强
语势无论谁不含有疑问意味。作宾
语时用whom, 其相应强语势为whomever。判别时
要根据句意以及在句中的语法功能来决定
该用哪个引导词。例如:
Who has taken away my bag is
unknown.谁拿走了我的包还不知道。(若用Whoever
显然句意不通)
Whoever wants to see this film can go with us
tonight. 无论谁想看这部电影今晚可以
和我们一起去.(Whoever wants
相当于Anybody who wants,意为凡是想……的人。这
里不可换为Who。)
Have you decided whom you are to nominate as
your candidate? 你们是否已经决
定提名谁作侯选人了?
You can
give the ticket to whomever you like.
你可以把票给任何你想给的人。