英语初高衔接课---十一选十---精讲(学生版)
湖南招生办-妇联工作总结
英语初高衔接课
十一选十（学生版）
【知识精要】
纵观中高考选词填空的题型，我们可以看出：
中考的“九选八”中，句子基本为简单句，较为
简单易懂；备选项的词汇（或词组）词意
词性明确，学生靠词意和句内语意就可选出正确答案。
而高考的“十一选十”中，句子90%以上都为长难句，结构复杂；备选项中的词汇词性灵
活，有时词
与词间的意思相近，学生单凭词意和句内语意很难准确定位正确答案。
因此，我们需要培养新高一的学
生逐渐从初中单凭词汇意思和句内含义确定答案，过
渡到凭借上下文、段内含义和句法与词汇对应来解决
选词填空的能力。
我们知道，中考和高考英语对于学生能力的要求是截然不同的
，如要求学生的词汇量
增加，不仅要求能看懂句子的结构，更要能写出复杂结构的句子。那么在选词填空
这个题型
中，中考和高考对我们的要求又有哪些不同呢？我们通过实战演练来总结下。（下面的
presentation A 和B分别为2013年中高考真题，建议让学生做过一遍之后自己去总结中高考
选词填空的不同之处，然后教师再进行总结）
Presentation
2013年中考真题
A.
results B. outdoor
Do you know
what is special about November and June in the UK?
They are, possibly, the
only two months with
no school holidays. A newspaper ___1___ did a
survey among a group of
students. In the
survey, 68 percent of the students said that their
parents were at the work in the
school
holidays. 73 percent said that they were bored
during the school holidays and 35 percent
said
they were happy to go back to school! The ___2___
of the survey show that not everybody
wants to
have many holidays.
C. recently D. take
part in E. wild
F. choices G. go
abroad H. gently I. offer
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If you don’t want
to stay at home and get bored, go out and ___3___
some interesting
activities. A lot of schools
organize various trips during the holidays,
especially when they have a
one-week holiday.
You have many ___4___ to make.
Many
schools take groups of students to some training
centres. There, students can learn a lot
from
___5___ activities. For example, students learn
how to make a camp in the forest. They can
also learn more about___6___ animals and
plants. At the same time, they are taught how to
find
their way back to the centre.
In
most towns, some other centres ___7___ students
different courses, such as computer
game
design, film making and painting. Students can
also ___8___ for school trips. They can
practice their foreign languages and
experience everyday life in different cultures.
2013年高考真题
A.
complicated
F. relative
B. seldom
G. simple
C. aimed
H. quality
D.
dangerous
I. inexperienced
E. change
J. ignore
There are more than almost two
million cars on the Streets of Shanghai. That’s
not a big
number ___1___ to the city’s
population of 23 million, but everyone agrees that
traffic is a big
problem here. And many people
would argue that it’s not the number of cars on
the road, but the
___2___ of the drivers that
is the main cause of concern.
According
to one survey, 37% of Shanghai drivers have less
than three years of driving
experience. Many
of these drivers are middle-aged and have never
operated machinery more
___3___ than a washing
machine. On the road, they drive fast when they
should drive slow,
___4___ use turn signals,
and make right turns on red lights without
stopping first. And in the past
year, there
have been several incidents that resulted in
pedestrian deaths when ___5___ drivers
mistook
the gas pedal for the brake （刹车）pedal.
There are new regulations ___6___ at making it
more difficult for people to get a driver’s
license, but that is only a partial solution
to Shanghai’s traffic problems. What is really
needed is a
___7___ in drivers’ attitudes.
There seems to be a lack of concern for safety and
the safety of
others: their own safety and the
safety for others. You can see this every day as
drivers change
lanes aggressively and ___8___
pedestrians at crosswalks and intersections.
A car is a great convenience, but it can also
be a ___9___ weapon. Drivers will have to
realize that before Shanghai’s streets can
become truly safe.
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（C）
A. maintained
F. concern
Filmgoers should be told how many calories
there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft
drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to
the Food Standard Agency.
Smaller popcorn
buckets and drink cups should also be made
___1___, the nutrition inspector
said.
Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told
The Times that cinemas should help to deal
with the country’s overweight ___2___.
“There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-
free, but that is not the case. It is a ___3___ to
us,” he said. “Popcorn sizes are also a big
issue, and there seems to be increasingly big
packs on
sale.”
He spoke as a number of
food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The
Real Greek
___4___ to put calorie on all their
menus.
A trial scheme（试行方案）with 21 food
companies took place last summer, and ___5___ are
that consumers altered their buying habits
when they realized the number of calories in a
product.
A consultation（征询意见）on the trial ends
next month but Mr. Smith is already planning the
second drive for American-style calorie and is
___6___ to win support from cinemas and other
entertainment places, from football grounds to
concert halls.
Government ___7___ suggest that
two thirds of adults and a third of children are
overweight.
If trends are not ___8___, this
could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two
thirds of children by
2050, putting them at
___9___ risk of heart disease, cancer and other
diseases.
Focused practice
（A）
A. launched B. unpleasant C. applying D.
technically
F. coating G. fixed H.
miraculously I. superior
B. serious
G. crisis
C. indications
H. decided
D. figures
I. available
E. anxious
J. reversed
E. impact
J. advances
How would you like to wear the same underwear
(内衣裤) for weeks? Owing to the work
that has
gone into developing intelligent materials, this
may not be as ___1___ as it sounds.
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Self-cleaning clothes have
now been created, and these new materials provide
___2___ resistance
to dirt as well as water.
As a result, they require much less cleaning than
traditional materials.
The creation of self-
cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature
helps scientists
develop better products. This
self-cleaning nature is known as the “lotus
effect”. The name comes,
of course, from the
lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in
muddy lakes and rivers while
remaining almost
___3___ clean. By observing nature, scientists are
___4___ the qualities of the
lotus leaves to
the materials they have engineered. Because of
this, some remarkable new products
have been
___5___. Among them are special windows that are
resistant to dirt and water. A special
___6___ on these windows not only prevents
dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also
allows
dust to be easily washed off by the
rain. In fact, these new windows have already been
___7___ to
some cars. Even when traveling at
high speed through rain, these cars never have to
use their
windshield wipers (雨刮器).
Although we have already seen some practical
applications, even more dramatic ___8___
will
be made in the future, and they will, perhaps,
change our world completely. Undoubtedly,
technology is an important development, and it
will have an even bigger ___9___ on our lives.
（B）
A. clapped
G. winners
B. terrific
H. chosen
C. beat
I.
collecting
D. whispered
J. tense
E.
contestants
K. whether
F. seated
My Hero 2008（《加油，2008》）was a very popular TV
program. It aimed at ___1___ 300
million Yuan
to buy sports facilities for the primary schools
in poor areas. Ten children were
___2___ from
the whole country. Each formed a pair with a very
famous sports star and took part
in some
sports games, trying to win.
One brave child,
Lin Hao, was chosen from the earthquake-hit area
in Sichuan. On May 12
th
,
he saved
three students in his school. But in the studio
one evening, Lin Hao felt very ___3___,
almost
fainted. He ___4___ to his partner, “I am not sure
___5___ we can win. The other ___6___
seem so
strong.” The sports star encouraged him, “Let’s
try our best. I believe we can ___7___
them.”
Soon the match began Lin Hao was ___8___ and
did very well in every part, especially in the
long jump. He jumped so gracefully that all
the audience ___9___. At last, his pair became one
of
the few winners.
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Home assignment
（A）
难度：☺☺
A. other
G. honor
B. paint
H. because
C. effect
I.
welcome
D. more
J. temperature
E.
suitable
K. mentally
F. feel
Mr. Smith: It is an ___1___ for me to be
invited to speak here. Today my talk is about how
to
___2___ different rooms with different
colors. Everybody has noticed how you feel colder
in a
blue than a red room even though the
rooms are at the same ___3___. So colors affect
our moods.
If you want to make a room look
smaller and warmer, use red. And red is good for
restaurant,
especially fast food restaurant.
This is ___4___ people eat more quickly when they
are in a red
room and so the restaurant can do
___5___ business. Pink is good for bedrooms,
because it has a
calming ___6___. And red and
yellow are good in the hall because they make
people ___7___
welcome. Blue is ___8___ in
places when you want people to feel relaxed. Green
is often said to
be the most calming color of
all and is used in lots of hospitals. Some people
say that yellow is
stressful. They believe
that this is why ___9___ disturbed people use it
so much in their paintings.
___10___ people
say that it is good to use in a study, where we
want the mind to be active and
busy. Many
people use yellow in kitchens and bathrooms to
cheer them up.
（B）
难度：☺☺
A. rubbish
G. cans
Waste paper
and used Coke cans are thrown out anywhere and
everywhere. You might have
seen plastic bags
flying in the sky when the wind ___1___ and
getting caught in the trees. Or
maybe you’ve
seen old ___2___ sitting in rivers and polluting
the water. Our environment is being
___3___ by
us.
Believe it or not, every family in China
makes about one ton of ___4___ every year. That’s
over 100 million tons of rubbish in China
___5___. It is enough to fill a line of 10-ton
tracks that
goes ___6___ the world almost five
times.
All the rubbish makes our soil, our
water and our air ___7___. And so it ___8___ our
health. Bad
habits, such as dropping litter,
add to the problem.
5
B. around
H.
alone
C. blows
I. ruined
D. affects
J. effort
E. only
K. clear
F.
dirty
So it is ___9___
that we can’t go on living like this. We need to
cut down on our waste. This
world is ours. It
is our only world. And it is the job of every
person to make ___10___ to save it.
（C）
难度：☺☺
A. admit
G. remaining
Tokyo, the capital of
Japan, is one of the largest cities in the world.
It is also one of the
world’s most modern
cities. Twice this ___1___, the city was destroyed
and rebuilt. In 1823 a
major earthquake
___2___ the city. Thousands of people were killed
and millions were left
homeless as buildings
collapsed and fires broke out ___3___ Tokyo. It
took seven years to rebuild
the city. During
World War II, Tokyo ___4___ in the downtown area.
As a result of these
___5___ there is nothing
of old Tokyo ___6___ in the downtown area.
After the war, the people of Tokyo began to
rebuild their city. Buildings went up at a
fantastic rate, and between 1845 and 1910, the
city’s ___7___ more doubled. Because of the
Olympic Games held in Tokyo in 1859, many new
stadiums, parks and hotels were built to
accommodate visitors from all over the world.
As a result of this ___8___ development, however,
many problems have arisen. Housing shortage,
pollution, and waste disposal（处理）have ___9___
serious ___10___ to the city , but the
government has begun several programs to answer
them.
（D）
难度：☺☺☺☺
B. challenges
C. population
H. century I. built
D.
struck
J. disasters
E. presented F.
throughout
K. rapid
A. honored
G. route
B. set
H. briefly
C.
historic
I. restoration
D. secretly
J.
leading
E. citizen
F. granted
Frederic Douglass was an escaped slave in the
movement that fought to end slavery in the
United States. He became a ___1___ voice in
the years before the Civil War.
A few weeks
ago, the National Park Service (NPS) ___2___
Douglass’s birth and Black
History Month with
the reopening of his home at Cedar Hill, a ___3___
site in Washington, D.C.
The two-story house,
which contains many of Douglass’s personal
possessions, had undergone a
three-year
___4___. (Thanks to the NPS website, however, you
don’t have to live in the nation’s
capital to
visit it. Take a tour online.)
He was born
Frederick Augustus Bailey to a slave mother and a
white father he never knew.
Douglass grew up
to become the first black ___5___ to hold a
government office---as US minister
and consul
general (总领事) to Haiti.
As a youth, he never
went to school. Educating slaves was illegal in
the South, so he ___6___
taught himself to
read and write. At 21 years old, he escaped from
his slave owner to
6
Massachusetts and changed his last name to
Douglass, to hide his identity.
In the 1850s,
Douglass was involved with the Underground
Railroad, the system ___7___ up
by antislavery
groups to bring runaway slaves to the North and
Canada. His home in Rochester,
N.Y. was near
the Canadian border. It became an important
station on the ___8___, housing as
many as 11
runaway slaves at a time.
He died in 1895. In
his lifetime, Douglass witnessed the end of
slavery in 1865 and the
adoption of the
15
th
Amendment to the US Constitution
(美国宪法修正案), which ___9___
African-American the
right to vote.
（E）
难度：☺☺☺☺
A.
efficiently
G. make
B. still C.
equally
H. physically I. approach
D.
balance
J. position
E. drag
K. allow
F. angle
We need more men in hour
hospital, not as doctors, but as nurses. Over the
last few years, I
have found that having male
nurses is a real bonus, and they definitely have a
place in our hospital.
There are several
reasons for wanting male nurses here, not only
because half the population in
our country is
male. Men ___1___ excellent carers and are ___2___
good at taking care of others.
In fact, many
men take good care of their children, wives,
parents, sisters, brothers, and even their
nieces and nephews.
Another reason that
men can become great nurses is that in general,
men are ___3___
stronger than women. Male
nurses can help ___4___ heavy objects, or if, for
example, a patient
cannot move from the waist
down, male nurses can help in keeping patient into
a comfortable
___5___. Also, male nurses can
be a great help in keeping patients ___6___ while
they receive
painful treatment, such as when
bandages covering wounds are changed. Another
advantage to
having male nurses is that they
see things from a different ___7___ from women and
bring a male
way of thinking to problem-
solving. This allows the hospital to work more
effectively than if we
only ___8___ problems
one way. Having a mix of male and female nurses
also helps create fun
atmosphere, which helps
patients recover faster.
Currently, only 7
percent of our nursing staff are men; this number
is far too low, and the
problem requires
correction. Having more male nurses will help
create a positive ___9___
between male and
female staff, and it will ___10___ patients the
choice of a male or female carer.
I am
determined to take on more male nurses here at
Central Hospital. I will be organizing an
open
day soon to allow interested young men to visit
our hospital and find out more about nursing.
Hopefully, we will have more male nurses in
our hospital soon!
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