新视野大学英语第三版读写教程4汉译英和完形填空
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1. Banked cloze
Have you ever heard
people say that they tend to be more of a right-
brain
or left-brain thinker From books to
television programs, you have probably heard
the term mentioned numerous times, or perhaps
you have even taken an online test
to
determine which type best describes you.
Do
different parts of the brain really control
different bodily and mental
functions Over the
years, a theory that has gained in popularity is
that the right
brain and the left brain are
responsible for different modes of thought and
that
the way in which a person thinks will
depend on which side of his brain works
more
actively.
People who rely more heavily on
the right half of their brain tend to be more
imaginative and spontaneous. They are
interested in patterns, shapes and sizes,
for
the right brain is associated with artistic
ability like singing, painting,
Writing
poetry, etc. Left-brain dominated people are quite
opposite in the way
they think. They tend to
be more logical and analytical in their thinking
and
usually stand out in mathematics and word
skills.
While the different functions of the
two brain parts may have been distorted
and
exaggerated by popular psychology, understanding
you strengths and weaknesses
in certain areas
can help you develop better ways to learn and
study. For example,
if you are usually stumped
in trying to follow verbal instructions, an
activity
often cited as a right-brain
characteristic, you can benefit from writing down
directions and developing better
organizational skills.
2.中庸思想（Doctrine of
the Mean）是儒家思想的核心内容。The Doctrine of the Mean
is the core of Confucianism.孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中”，而是
指在认识和处
理客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。The so-called
“mean” by
Confucius doesn’t mean
“compromise” but a “moderate” and “Just right”
way when understanding and handling objective
things. 孔子主张不仅要把这种思
想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待，而且还应该通过自
身修养和锻炼，把它融入
自己的日常行为当中，使之成为一种美德。Confucius
advocated that this thought
should not only be
treated as away to understand and deal with things
but also
be integrated into one’s daily
conduct to make it a virtue through
self-
cultivation and
training.中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重
要组成部分。The
Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core of
Confucianism but
also an important component
of traditional Chinese culture.从它的形成到现在，
一直为民族精
神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。From
the time
it came into being to the present, it has played
an invaluable role
in the construction of
nation spirit, the transmission of national
wisdom, and
the development of national
culture.
Unit2
1. Banked cloze
I was
once in a relationship with a woman who was the
most brilliant, creative
and driven person I’d
ever known. I told her these things often because
she
didn’t see herself this way, despite
achieving great success and acclaim(称
赞)in her
professional field. She was also gorgeous and
sexy, thought she seemed
not to realize this
either, so I told her these things too. But while
I thought
it was more important to praise her
brilliance, it seemed to mean more to her
that
she was considered attractive.
My experience
with this girlfriend exemplifies a common
phenomenon in life-when
it comes to
complimenting a woman, men often walk a very
difficult line. Of course,
context matters. In
a professional setting, talking about appearance
is often
inappropriate, but at a
singles club, it may be important. She will be
very pleased
if a man thinks her cloths and
accessories are pretty, or her hair looks
wonderful.
However, things in between these
two cases are unclear. Women have every right
to be recognized and appreciated or their
intelligence and creativity. But at
the same
time, they want to be admired for their looks as
well, for example, their
perfect skin
complexion and elegant outfits.
Unfortunately, most guys don’t understand this. If
we receive compliments from
women, they’re
usually about our achievements, not our looks.
Most of us don’t
expect a woman to tell us how
handsome or sexy we are, and some of us would find
it hard to regard such a (an) comment as
sincere.
I’m not saying it’s very hard to be
a guy these days. It is important for
every
man to understand how to treat women with both
respect and admiration. But
as far as the
right balance of these two is concerned, we really
have no frame
of reference, especially when it
comes to looks.
2. 中国的四大名著是指《三国演义》（Romance of
the Three Kingdoms）、《水浒传》（Outlaws
of the
Marsh）、《西游记》（Journey to the West）和《红楼梦》（A Dream of
Red Mansions）
四部著名小说。The four great classic
Chinese novels are Romance of the Three
Kingdoms, Outlaws of the Marsh, Journey to the
West and A Dream of Red Mansions.
它们的创作时间均处于元末明初至清代期间，All the four novels were
written during
the period from the late Yuan
and early Ming dynasties to the Qing
Dynasty.其
内容反映了中国古代的政治和军事斗争、社会矛盾、文化信仰等各个方面。They
all
reflect various aspects of ancient China,
including political and military strife ,
social conflicts and cultural
beliefs.四大名著具有很高的艺术水平，代表了中国
古典小说的高峰。The four
novels are of supreme artistic standards,
representing
the peak of China’s classic novel
s.书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓，并且
已经深深地影响了整个民族的思想观念
和价值取向。Lots of the characters and scenes
in the
books are well-known in China and have exerted
profound influences on the
ideology and values
of the entire nation.四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社
会生活等多个领
域皆有巨大的研究价值，是中国乃至全人类的宝贵文化遗产。Highly
valuable for
the research of China’s ancient customs, feudal
system, and social
life, the four classic
novels are precious cultural relics of China as
well as
the human society as a whole.
Unit3
1. Banked cloze
In some urban
centers, workaholism(工作狂)is so common that people
du not
consider it unusual: They accept the
lifestyle as normal. Government workers in
Washington ., for example, frequently work 60
to 70 hours a week. They don’t
do this because
they have do; they do it because they want to.
Workaholism can be a serious problem. True
workaholics, being deeply immersed
in their
work, allow themselves little or no time to take
breaks. They like to
work without being
disrupted, and they probably don’t know how to
relax.
But is Workaholism always bad Perhaps
not. There are people who work well under
stress. Besides, some studies show that many
workaholics have great energy and
interest in
their own sphere. Their work is so pleasurable
that they are actually
very happy. For most
workaholics, work and entertainment are the same
thing. Their
work challenge them, keeping them
busy and genuinely engaged.
Why do workaholics
enjoy doing their jobs so much Of course they get
paychecks
from it, but it is hard to quantify
the pleasure with money. It offers more than
financial security. Psychologists claim that
work gives people an identity and
provides
them with self-confidence. People have a feeling
of satisfaction when
they administrate
a business well or complete a challenging piece of
work. In
addition, most jobs provide a
socially acceptable way for people to meet others.
So, thought some people are compulsive(强迫性的)
about their work, their
addiction seems to be
a safe or even an advantageous one. They feel
empty and
incomplete when they are involved in
activities not related to work.
2.
近年来，随着互联网技术的迅猛发展，互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。In recent
years, with the rapid development of Internet
technology, the Internet economy
has become a
hot issue.以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展
的重要引擎。As
represented by the promising E-commerce, the
Internet economy
has become a strong driving
force for the economic development.我国政府高度
重视发展互
联网，提出了“互联网+”的概念，以推动互联网与医疗、交通、教育、金
融、公共服务等领域的结合。
Our government attaches great importance to
developing the Internet economy and proposes
the concept of“Internet plus”,
aiming to
integrate Internet with other industries, such as
health care,
transportation, education,
finance and public
service.这将为互联网经济的发
展提供极大的发展潜力和更广阔的发展空间。This
will create great potential and
broad
prospects for the development off the Internet eco
nomy.随着“户联网+”
战略的深入实施，互联网必将与更多传统行业进一步融合，助力打造“中国
经济升级
版”。With the implementation of the“Internet
Plus” strategy, the Internet
is certain to be
integrated with more traditional industries and
help build
“the upgraded version of the Chinese
economy”.
Unit4
1. Banked cloze
Farming invariably interferes with the habitats of
plants and animals. However,
this does not
necessarily mean that agriculture and biodiversity
are incompatible.
In fact, quite the
opposite is true. The sustainable cultivation of
plants for
food and feed actually enables us
to preserve biodiversity.
By 2007, there
were more than twice as many people living on the
planet as there
were in 1961. Over the same
period, the total amount of available arable()
land
grew by just 10 percent. In comparison
with population growth, the expansion of
arable land was small. And there are limits to
further expansion. A large
proportion of the
earth’s surface-like deserts-is not suitable for
cultivation,
and other areas are utilized by
humans for roads and buildings. Some land that
is rich in biodiversity needs to be preserved
and thus should not be converted
into arable
land. The tropical rain forests, for example, have
the highest species
density in the world, and
changing this land for crop cultivation would be
dreadful
to these species’ habitats and,
indeed, existence.
By 2050, global demand
for food will have risen by 70 percent. But the
expansion
of land available for cultivation
has its limits. This is one of the greatest
challenges facing agriculture today: How do we
balance the increased demand for
food with the
need to maintain biological diversity, now and in
the future
Efficient and sane use of land
will be key to preserving natural animal and
plant habitats. To achieve this aim will
depend to a(an) considerable extent on
the use
of modern agricultural methods. If these methods
are successfully applied,
we believe that
agriculture and biodiversity can coexist in
harmony.
2.苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表，大部分为私家所有。Suzhou
gardens are the
most outstanding
representatives of classical Chinese gardens. Most
of them were
privately-
owned.苏州园林始于春秋，兴于宋元，盛于明清。The gardens first
appeared
in the Spring and Autumn Period,
develop in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and
flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
清末苏州园林已有各色园林170余处，为
其赢得了“园林之城”的称号。By the
late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had got as many as
over 170 gardens of diverse, winning it the
name “The City of Gardens”.
现保
存完好的园林有60多处，对外开放的有十余处。Now, over 60 gardens
are kept in good
condition, of which more than
10 are open to the public.其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙
政园和留园分别代表
着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格，被称为“ 苏州四大名园”。
The Surging
Wave Pavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the Humble
Administrator’s Garden
and the Lingering
Garden are called the four most famous garden in
Suzhou,
representing the artistic styles of
the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties
respec
tively.苏州园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反映了中国古代江南民
间的生活方式
和礼仪习俗。Suzhou gardens are assemblies of residences
and gardens,
which make them suitable places
for living, visiting and architectural principles
of the gardens are a demonstration of the
lifestyle and social customs of the ancient
Chinese people in the south of the Lower
Yangtze
River.苏州园林不仅是历史文化的
产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。Suzhou
gardens are not only a product of
Chinese
history and culture, but also a carrier of
traditional Chinese ideology
and
年，苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录”。In 1997, Suzhou gardens
were
inscribed on the World Heritage List by
UNESCO.
Unit5
1. Stereotypes have some
truth mixed in with a few generalizations.
Sometimes these
generalizations can be
misleading as they are often based on observation
of the
exterior behavior of people in a
certain culture. Spaghetti, pasta, mafia(黑手党),
gestures, fashion-these are some words
commonly used to describe Italians. How much
truth is there in the stereotype As an Italian
myself, I will give you some insights
into the
Italian soul and clarify some misunderstandings
that foreigners have about
us.
Spaghetti and pasta are sacred. You can’t take
pasta away from an Italian meal;
otherwise it
won’t be complete. A typical Italian meal
generally includes pasta
as a starter, fish or
meat with salad as the main course, followed by
fruit or dessert,
and then coffee. But there
are considerable regional differences in Italy,
and hence
inconsistencies exist between the
stereotype and reality. For instance, you might
find risotto(加有肉、鱼或蔬菜的调味饭) replacing pasta in
some places!
The Mafia is real: We are not
proud of it, but it does exist, especially in the
South and on the island of Sicily. Obviously,
not every Italian is a member of the
Mafia,
and most will be offended if you use the term,
even if you are just joking.
Yes, the way we
speak is unique. Italians use gestures a lot in
communication.
We simply cannot talk without
our hands. If the hands are busy doing something
else,
we start moving shoulders or other parts
of the body.
We are also fashion victims.
You can recognize Italians by the way they dress
from head to toe. We wear stylish clothes and
ornaments for every possible occasion.
You
won’t ever see an Italian wearing running shorts
combined with long socks:
It’s simply against
our sense of style!
Italy is made up of many
regions and provinces which are similar in some
ways
and distinctive in others. The stereotype
contains some truth, but being Italian
takes a
lot more than that.
2.中华文明曾对世界文明产生过重大影响。Chinese civilization once
had a significant
influence on world civilizat
ion.近年来，随着我国经济的发展和国际地位的提升，
历史悠久的中国文化正引起世界新的关注。W
ith the development of our country’s
economy
and the rise of her international status in recent
years, Chinese culture,
which has a long
history, is once again attracting global attention
.越来越多
的中国元素为当今世界时尚、文学、影视作品等提供了创作灵感，成为热门题材。More
and
more Chinese cultural elements
provide inspiration for and become popular
subjects of fashions, literature and movies
around the world.这一现象表明，世
界需要中国文化。This shows
that the world needs Chinese culture.在这种背景下，
我国
决定实施文化“走出去”的战略，以加强中国与世界其他各国的文化交流。It was in
this context that China decided to implement
the “Culture Exporting” strategy
so as to
enhance her cultural exchanges with the rest of
the world.经过数年的
努力，这项工程已经取得了很大的成绩。After several
years’ efforts, great
achievements have been
made in this respect.文化“走出去”大力推动了我国文化
产业的发展，正成为
提升我国国家形象和综合实力的有效途径。“Culture Exporting”
has
greatly promoted the development of our cultural
industries. It is becoming
an effective
approach through which China enhances her nation
image and
comprehensive strength.
Unit6
1. Banked cloze
To invest in women’s
education and health is important for the overall
welfare
of the human society. The reason for
saying so is obvious, that is, women are playing
important roles in modern society. The
politicians who levy taxes should know that
women contribute to 40 percent of the world’s
production in agriculture, a quarter
in
industry, and a third in services. Women farmers
in the developing countries
grow at least 50
percent of the world’s food. In addition to
generating income,
women continue to take
responsibilities for household activities such as
childcare,
cleaning and preparing food, which
are sometimes not as lightweight and easy as
generally thought.
Yet women’s
productivity remains low. Improving women’s
productivity can
greatly benefit economic
growth and poverty reduction which are key
development
goals around the world.
Hence, to enhance women’s status is a vital part
of the
World Bank’s strategy for broadly based
economic and human resource development.
To
improve women’s welfare calls for the efforts of
both women and men. If
long-term change in the
conditions of women is to be achieved, the actions
and
attitudes of men must change, rather than
simply to emancipate women from old
conventions. Problems affecting women are
often closely related to the social
relationships between men and women. For
example, it is impossible to deal with
women’s
health problems effectively through approaches
that involve only women.
Many women’s health
problems are embedded in unequal gender relation
in work loads,
responsibilities for family
welfare, as well as access to resources and
decision-making.
2.博鳌亚洲论坛（Boao Forum for
Asia）是一个非政府非营利性的国际组织。Boao Forum
for
Asia（BFA）is a non-governmental, non-profit
international organization.它
是由25个亚洲国家和澳大利亚发起的,
于2001年正式成立,总部位于中国的海南省博鳌镇。
Initiated by 25 Asian
countries and Australia, it was officially founded
in 2001.
The organization is headquartered in
Boao Town in China’s Hainan Province. 博
鳌亚洲论坛以平
等、互惠、合作和共赢为主旨，致力于推动亚洲各国之间的经济交流、协
调与合作，并增强亚洲与世界其
他地区的对话和联系。With equality, mutual benefit,
cooperation and win-win as its objectives, BFA
is devoted to promoting economic
exchange,
coordination and cooperation between Asian
countries as well as enhancing
dialogs and
ties between Asia and other parts of the world.
它为有关国家的政府、
企业及专家学者提供了一个工商亚洲以及全球事务的高层次平台。The
forum provides a
high-level platform where
governments, businesses and scholars from relevant
countries discuss Asian and global affairs.通过区
域经济的进一步合作，博鳌亚洲论
坛将推进亚洲国家实现发展目标，为建设一个更加繁荣、稳定、和平的
新亚洲做出重要贡
献。Through further regional
economic cooperation, BFA will facilitate the
realization of Asian countries’ goals and
contribute to a new Asia that boasts
greater
prosperity, stability and peace.