典例精析 题型4 阅读表达
河南洛宁-名人传读后感100字
典例精析 题型4 阅读表达
例
►[2019·青岛]阅读下面短文，按要求完成各项任务。
A
“I’ve always had a pretty clear idea of what I
want to do，”
says Mary，a middle school student
who wants to become a director
some may not
be as sure of your career (职业) as you
can
start thinking about and planning for your future
career.
The following article helps middle
school students plan for careers.
Explore (探索)
your interests
Many middle school students
don’t yet know what they want to
in
fact，students may change their minds several
times，perhaps
even after they enter some of
tomorrow’s careers might not
exist (存在) ng on
just one job in middle school isn’t
looking
into the kinds of careers you might like can help
you succeed.
①________
Understanding
what you enjoy and what you’re good at is the most
important step in exploring you don’t know
what you want to
do，you should ask yourself
what you like to learn you really
第1页共12页
like science，what do you enjoy about it
— the lab work or the research?
It’s_important
_to_think_about_what_you_like_to_do，
because_wo
rk_will_finally_be_a_big_part_of_your_life.
Discover possible careers
Once you’ve
thought about the subjects and activities you like
best，
the next step is to look for careers that
put those interests to you
love sports，for
example，you might consider a career as a P．r
or a soccer you like English，a career as an
English teacher，a
translator or a travelling
guide might be a good choice.
②________
After discovering possible jobs，you’ll want to
learn more about
g directly to workers on the
phone，by email，or through
online discussion
can help you get information about what they
meeting with them in person is hand
information is
necessary for you to find out
if you’ll really like a career.
1．选择最佳句子补全文章，将字母代号填写在横线上。其中有
一项是多余的。
A．Learn about yourself
B．Get experience
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C．Do your research
①________ ②________
2．回答问题。What is the
most important step in exploring
careers?
__________________________________________________
_____
_________________
3．将画线句子 It’s
important to think about what you like to
do，
because work will finally be a big part of
your life.翻译成汉语。
_____________________________
__________________________
_________________
4．用英语简要概括出本文的主旨大意。不超过 15 个单词。
____________
___________________________________________
___
______________
主旨大意：本文是一篇议论文。作者指出：作为中学生，你可
以为你未来的职业着手进行考虑并制定计划了。文章从探索你的兴
趣、了解自我、发现合适的职业、做调
查四个方面阐述了帮助中学
生为未来职业做出规划的方法。
1．①分析：根据本段第一句“Understanding what you enjoy and
what you’re good at is the most important
step...”以及“...you should ask
第3页共12页
yourself what you like to learn
about.”可知，本段是对自我的认知和了
解。故选择Learn about
yourself。
答案：A
②分析：由最后一段中“...can help you
get information about what
they
do.”以及最后一句“Firsthand information is
necessary”可知，是
需要对这些工作进行调查，故选择Do your research。
答案：C
2．分析：根据文中第四段第一句可知。
答案：Understanding what you enjoy and what
you’re good at is the
most important step in
exploring careers.
3．分析：It’s＋形容词＋to do
sth.“做某事是怎样的”；think
about“考虑”；a big part of
your life“你生命的一大部分”。
答案：考虑你喜欢做什么是很重要的，因为工作最终会是你生命
的一大部分。
4．分析：根据文章是关于中学生对自己未来职业的计划的一些
建议。故答案是How to
find your future career as a middle school
student。
答案：How to find your future career
as a middle school student.
The ways to help
middle school students plan for careers.
第4页共12页
B
阅读下面短文，完成 5 至 10 题。
The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day
of the ninth lunar
month and is also called
the Double Ninth both the month and
the day
are related to nine，it got this celebrate the
day，people
usually climb mountains and enjoy
chrysanthemum (菊花)，so the
festival is also
known as the Height Ascending (登高) Festival or the
Chrysanthemum China，nine has the similar
pronunciation
with the word “forever”，meaning
long the Chinese
government set the day as
the Seniors’ Day.
The festival has a history
of over 2019 the Warring
States Period，there
was the Chongyang it was only
celebrated in
the imperial the Han Dynasty，it began to be
popular among the common name of the
Chongyang Festival
first appeared in the Three
Kingdoms the Jin Dynasty，
there were customs
of enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking wines on
the was not (A) officially set as a festival
until the Tang
then，all the people have spent
the festival with kinds of
the Ming and Qing
Dynasties，people in the imperial palace
all
ate flower cakes to emperor climbed the mountain
on
第5页共12页
the day as 1989，the
Chinese government set the day as the
Seniors’
Day.
As September has the clear sky and fresh
air，it is a very good time
to climb the will
be a happy sense of excitement by
climbing the
mountain in this ，it is good for the
Western
Han Dynasty，it has been the custom of climbing on
the
Chongyang Festival.
On the
day，enjoying chrysanthemum is very popular as the
flower
means long ng chrysanthemum is regarded
as a way to prevent
disasters and bad ing
Zhuyu and sticking chrysanthemum are
also
traditions to avoid the bad as (B) they have
special smells which can
repel (驱逐) insects
and keep out the cold.
Eating Chongyang cakes
is another tradition on the is
no fixed way
of making the cake but the one with nine layers
(层) with
two sheep on it is the sheep means
layers
show people could do well in
everything.
5．回答问题。How many other names does
the Chongyang
Festival have?
_____________
__________________________________________
____
_____________
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6．根据短文内容，猜测(A)处画线单词officially的意思。
A．办公室 B．官方 C．民间
7．用英语列举人们在重阳节登山的两个原因。
①
_________________________________________
__________________
_____________
②
_____
__________________________________________________
____
_____________
8．从文中找出(B)处画线单词they所指代的内容。
_______________
________________________________________
______
___________
“教书先生”恐怕是市井百姓最为熟悉的一种称呼，从最初的门
馆、
私塾到晚清的学堂，“教书先生”那一行当怎么说也算是让国人
景仰甚或敬畏的一种社会职业。只是更早
的“先生”概念并非源于教
书，最初出现的“先生”一词也并非有传授知识那般的含义。《孟子》
中的“先生何为出此言也？”；《论语》中的“有酒食，先生馔”；
《国策》中的“先生坐，何至于此
？”等等，均指“先生”为父兄或
有学问、有德行的长辈。其实《国策》中本身就有“先生长者，有德<
br>之称”的说法。可见“先生”之原意非真正的“教师”之意，倒是与
第7页共12页
当今“先生”的称呼更接近。看来，“先生”之本源含义在于礼貌和
尊称，并非具学问者的 专称。称“老师”为“先生”的记载，首见于
《礼记?曲礼》，有“从于先生，不越礼而与人言”，其中 之“先生”
意为“年长、资深之传授知识者”，与教师、老师之意基本一致。9．从
文中找出与 “The best cake has nine layers and two sheep on the top
though there are different cakes.”意思相同或相近的句子。
___________________________ ____________________________
_________________
10．根据短文内容填空。每空不超过3个单词。
There have been many traditions and customs on the Chongyang
show respect for the seniors，①________________，②________________，③________________，insert Zhuyu and enjoy
chrysanthemum.
主旨大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介 绍了重阳节名字的由来、
重阳节的历史及不同历史时期人们庆祝重阳节的方式，如：登高、喝
菊 花茶，吃重阳糕、插茱萸赏菊等。
5．分析：第一段中提到的重阳节的其他几个名字有：the Double
Ninth Festival，the Height Ascending Festival，the Chrysanthemum
Festival和the Seniors’ Day。
答案：Four (other names)．
第8页共12页
6．分析：由文中第二段第三、四句“But it was
only celebrated in
the imperial the Han
Dynasty，it began to be popular
among the
common people.”可知在战国时期，重阳节仅在皇宫庆祝，
汉朝后开始在普通百姓中受欢
迎，此时重阳节只是民间活动。根据
后文第八句“Since then，all the
people have spent the festival with kinds
of
activities.”可知直到唐朝重阳节才被确定为官方节日。
答案： B
7．分析：从文章第三段可找出答案。
①答案：As September has the
clear sky and fresh air，it is a very
good time
to climb the will be a happy sense of
excitement by climbing the mountain in this
season.
②答案：It is good for health.
观察内容的选择
，我本着先静后动，由近及远的原则，有目的、
有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的，能理解的观察内容。
随机观察也
是不可少的，是相当有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等，孩子一边观
察，一边提问，
兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象，注意形象逼真，色彩
鲜明，大小适中，引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察
，保证每个幼儿
看得到，看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意
帮助幼儿学
习正确的观察方法，即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征
重点观察，观察与说话相结合，在观察中积累词
汇，理解词汇，如一
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次我抓住时机，引导幼儿观察雷雨，雷雨
前天空急剧变化，乌云密布，
我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的，有的孩子说：乌云像大海的波浪。有的
孩子说“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿
看到闪电时，我告诉他“这叫电光
闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起
来，我抓住时机说：“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：
“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观
察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨
”这个词。雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的
天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿
摇，
太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情，幼儿不仅印象深刻，对
雷雨前后气象变化的词
语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。我还在观察
的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经
验联系起
来，在发展想象力中发展语言。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬
硬的，像医生用的
手术刀―样，给大树开刀治病。通过联想，幼儿能
够生动形象地描述观察对象。8．分析：根据“Ins
erting Zhuyu and
sticking chrysanthemum are
also traditions to avoid the bad as they
have
special smells which can repel insects and keep
out the cold.”可知
指的是Zhuyu and chrysanthemum。
答案：Zhuyu and chrysanthemum.
9．分析：根据“The
best cake has nine layers and two sheep on the
top though there are different
cakes”可知最好的蛋糕有九层，上面有两
第10页共12页
只羊。故答案是There is no fixed way of making
the cake but the one
with nine layers with
two sheep on it is the best.
答案：There is no
fixed way of making the cake but the one with
nine layers with two sheep on it is the best.
与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念，最早也要追溯至
宋元时期。金代元好问《示侄孙伯
安》诗云：“伯安入小学，颖悟非
凡貌，属句有夙性，说字惊老师。”于是看，宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”，而一般学堂
里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习
”。可见，“教师”一说是比较
晚的事了。如今体会，“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说，具有资
历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后，教师与其他官员一
样依法令任命，故又称“教师”为“
教员”。10．分析：根据“To
celebrate the day，people
usually climb mountains”；“Drinking
chrysanthemum is regarded as a way to prevent
disasters and bad things.”；
“Eating Chongyang
cakes is another tradition on the
festival.”可知答
案。
“师”之概念，大体是从先秦时期的“师长、师傅、先生”
而来。
其中“师傅”更早则意指春秋时国君的老师。《说文解字》中有注曰：
“师教人以道者之
称也”。“师”之含义，现在泛指从事教育工作或
是传授知识技术也或是某方面有特长值得学习者。“老
师”的原意并
非由“老”而形容“师”。“老”在旧语义中也是一种尊称，隐喻年
第11页共1
2页
长且学识渊博者。“老”“师”连用最初见于《史记》，有“荀卿最
为老
师”之说法。慢慢“老师”之说也不再有年龄的限制，老少皆可
适用。只是司马迁笔下的“老师”当然不
是今日意义上的“教师”，
其只是“老”和“师”的复合构词，所表达的含义多指对知识渊博者
的一种尊称，虽能从其身上学以“道”，但其不一定是知识的传播者。
今天看来，“教师”的必要条件不
光是拥有知识，更重于传播知识。
答案：①climbing ②drinking
chrysanthemum ③eating Chongyang cakes
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