阅读基本功难句——分隔结构
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阅读基本功难句——分隔结构
1. Evening had now come, the
last of Adolf Hitler’s life.
2. We live
in a time when, more than ever before in history,
people are moving about.
3. Several
neighbors hope to find safety in the only bomb
shelter on their street when an
announcement
comes over the radio that enemy missiles are
approaching.
4. The willingness to
recognize the value of these newer “unscientific”
ways of doing
science may be another instance
of the human ability to adapt and survive, of
which we
spoke earlier.
5. It is an
activity you turn to for pleasure, not something
that you have to do, like
helping with the
dishes.
6. The tour races of France and
Italy, held each year, cover more than 2,000
miles.
7. While I was waiting to enter
university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper
a
teaching post at a school in a suburb of
London about ten miles from where I lived.
8. The second aspect is the application by all
members of society from the government
official to the ordinary citizen, of the
special methods of thought and action that
scientists use in their work.
9. I
launched into a variation of the speech I had made
for years, about how excessive
tax rates can
take away the incentive to produce, and how
cutting taxes can generate
growth.
10. Even his critics say the Ames test – his
simple, inexpensive laboratory procedure
that
helps determine whether a substance might cause
cancer – is a remarkable
achievement.
11. The cessation(停止) of the employment of
extraordinary means to prolong the life
of the
body when there is irrefutable evidence that
biological death is imminent(即将来
临的) is the
decision of the patient andor her immediate
family.
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12. Although her characters were portrayed(描绘)
in many settings and situations, they
all
reflected, by the often tragic outcome of their
lives, her profound conviction that no
human
could be happy if that happiness was rooted in the
wretchedness(悲伤,痛苦) of
another.
13. I
plan to see her soon in England, though not, she
reminded me, again at 10
Downing Street.
1. Evening had now come, (the last
of Adolf Hitler’s life).
结构:只有1个谓语动词:had
come,分隔了主语evening和它的同位语(the last of Adolf Hitler’s
life)。(the last of Adolf Hitler’s
life)由于较长,所以放在了后面。本句的原型是:Evening, (the
last of
Adolf Hitler’s life), had now come.
翻译:阿道夫.希特勒生命中的最后一个夜晚已经来临了。
2. We live in a time when, (more than ever
before in history), people are moving about.
结构:共有2个谓语动词,主句的是live。(more than ever before in
history)分隔了定语从句的
引导词when和people are moving
about。拆分为:
1) We live in a time.
2) In a time people are moving about (more
than ever before in history).
翻译:在我们生活的时代中,人们四处奔波的程度远远超过历史上的任何时期。
3. Several neighbors hope to find safety
in the only bomb shelter on their street when an
announcement comes over the radio that enemy
missiles are approaching.
结构:共有3个谓语动词,主句的是hope。that引导的是an
announcement的同位语从句,原型是
an announcement that
enemy missiles are approaching comes over the
radio。但是,由
于谓语动词太短,造成头重脚轻,所以同位语从句被放到了后面。拆分为:
1) Several neighbors hope to find … on
their street.
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2) When an announcement comes over the
radio.
3) That enemy missiles are
approaching.
翻译:当电台里面宣布敌人的导弹袭来的时候,有几个邻居希望
能在街上唯一的避弹所里找到藏身之
处。
4. The
willingness to recognize the value of these newer
“unscientific” ways of doing
science may be
another instance of the human ability to adapt and
survive, of which we
spoke earlier.
结构:共有2个谓语动词,主句的是may be。主干是The willingness…may
be another instance…。
of which引导非限定性定语从句,修饰the
human ability,被to adapt and survive分隔。
1)
The willingness to recognize the value of these
newer “unscientific” ways of doing
science may
be another instance of the human ability to adapt
and survive.
2) We spoke of the human
ability.
翻译:认识到从事科学工作的一些更新颖的、“非科学”方法的价值的愿
望,也许是我们早先提到过的
人类所具有的适应能力和生存能力的另一个例子。
5. It is an activity you turn to for
pleasure, not something that you have to do, like
helping with the dishes.
结构:共有3个谓语动词,主句的是is。主干为It is an activity…, not
something…。 you turn to
for pleasure是一个省略了that
的定语从句,修饰activity。修饰something的定语从句that you
have
to do分隔了something和它的另一个定语like helping with the
dishes。拆分为:
1) It is an activity.
2) You turn to the activity for pleasure.
3) You have to do something.
翻译:这是一种你寻求快乐的活动,而非像帮人刷盘子那样的一些你不得不作的事情。
洛基英
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6.
The tour races of France and Italy, (held each
year), cover more than 2,000 miles.
结构:只有1个谓语动词。过去分词(held each year)作为the tour
races的定语,被另一个定语of
France and Italy分隔。当一个名词或代词后
面同时接有两个以上的定语,或者名词或代词后面的定
语被其他成分(例如状语,插入语,同位语等)隔
开时,称为“分割定语”。例如:The man in old age
who can see
his life in this way will not suffer from the pain
of death. in old age分隔了the
man的定语从句。
翻译:环法国和意大利的巡回赛每年举行,其行程长达2,000多英里。
7. While I was waiting to enter
university, I saw (advertised in a local
newspaper) a
teaching post at a school in a
suburb of London about ten miles from where I
lived.
结构:共有3个谓语动词,主句的是saw。主句的原型是I saw a
teaching post (advertised in a
local
newspaper) at a school in a suburb of
London…。(advertised in a local newspaper)
也是a
teaching post的定语,但是分隔了saw和a teaching
post。之所以把(advertised in a local
newspaper)提到a
teaching post之前,是因为主句的原型中,a teaching
post的后置定语太长,
容易造成理解上的混乱。
翻译:当我等待进入大学期间
,我看到当地的一家报纸上登着一个教师职位的招聘广告,其所在的学
校位于伦敦郊区,而那个地方离我
的住处有大约10英里的路程。
8. The second
aspect is the application (by all members of
society from the government
official to the
ordinary citizen), of the special methods of
thought and action that
scientists use in
their work.
结构:共有2个谓语动词,主句的是is。(by all
members of society from the government official
to the ordinary citizen)分隔了the
application和它的定语of the special
methods…。that引导
的定语从句修饰the special methods。拆分为:
1) The second aspect is the
application…of the special methods of thought and
action.
2) Scientists use the special
methods of thought and action in their work.
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翻译:
第二个方面是社会的全体成员,从政府官员到普通公民,都要使用科学家在他们的工作中所使
用的那些特
殊的思考和行动的方法。
9. I launched into
a variation of the speech I had made for years,
about how excessive
tax rates can take away
the incentive to produce, and how cutting taxes
can generate
growth.
结构:共有4个谓语动词,主句的是launched into。I had made for
years是省略了that的定语从
句,分隔了the
speech和about。about后面是两个并列的宾语从句。拆分为:
1) I
launched into a variation of the speech about...
2) I had made the speech for years.
3) How excessive tax rates can take away the
incentive to produce.
4) How cutting
taxes can generate growth.
翻译:我做了一次与几年前内容
不同的演讲,谈的是关于过高的税率会如何挫伤生产的积极性,以及
减税如何能够促进发展。
10. Even his critics say the Ames
test – his simple, inexpensive laboratory
procedure
that helps determine whether a
substance might cause cancer – is a remarkable
achievement.
结构:共有4个谓语动词,主句的是say。his
simple, inexpensive laboratory
procedure…是一
个很长的同位语,分隔了宾语从句中的the Ames test和is
a remarkable achievement。拆分为:
1) Even his
critics say.
2) The Ames test is a
remarkable achievement.
3) His simple,
inexpensive laboratory procedure helps determine.
4) Whether a substance might cause
cancer.
翻译:甚至连他的批评者都说爱姆兹试验是一项非凡的成就。这种试验是一
种简单而又廉价的实验过
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程,却有助于确定某一种物质是否能够造成癌症。
11.
The cessation(停止) of the employment of
extraordinary means to prolong the life
of the
body when there is irrefutable evidence that
biological death is imminent(即将来
临的) is the
decision of the patient andor her immediate
family.
结构:共有3个谓语动词,主句的是第三个is。主干是The
cessation…is the decision…,但是主语
与系动词之间被长长的定语of
the employment…所分隔。that引导evidence的同位语从句。拆分
为:
1) The cessation of the employment of
extraordinary means to prolong the life of the
body is the decision of the patient andor her
immediate family.
2) When there is
irrefutable evidence.
3) That biological
death is imminent.
翻译:当有确凿的证据证明病人即将进入生物死亡
时,停止采用非常规手段来延长其生命的决定,应
该由病人和(或)其直系亲属做出。
12. Although her characters were
portrayed(描绘) in many settings and situations,
they
all reflected, (by the often tragic
outcome of their lives), her profound conviction
that no
human could be happy if that happiness
was rooted in the wretchedness(悲伤,痛苦) of
another.
结构:共有4个谓语动词,主句的是reflected。(by the often tragic
outcome of their lives)分
隔了reflected和它的宾语her
profound conviction。that引导了her profound
conviction的同
位语从句。拆分为:
1) Although her
characters were portrayed(描绘) in many settings and
situations.
2) The all reflected her
profound conviction.
3) That no human
could be happy.
4) If that happiness was
rooted in the wretchedness of another.
洛基
英语是中国英语培训市场上的一朵奇葩,是全球已被验证的东方人英语学习的最佳模式。洛基英
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翻译:虽然她描绘出的角色出现在各种
背景和情节当中,但是由于这些角色经常都是以悲剧而告终,
因此他们都能反映出她深深地相信,如果把
快乐建立在别人的痛苦之上,那么没有人会真的快乐。
13. I
plan to see her soon in England, though not, (she
reminded me), again at 10
Downing Street.
结构:共有2个谓语动词,主句的是plan。(she reminded
me)是分隔结构。Though实际上引导了
一个省略的让步状语从句,其原型是though
(it will) not (be) again at 10 Downing
Street。拆
分为:
1) I plan to see her soon
in England.
2) Though (it will) not (be)
again at 10 Downing Street.
3) She
reminded me.
翻译:我打算很快在英国见到她,虽然她提醒我地点将不再是在唐宁街10号了。
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