形容词副词的比较级和最高级变化规则+练习题
爱国华侨陈嘉庚-泰国住宿
形容词（adj）和副词（adv）
1、形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。
2、有关形容词的用法辨析：
⑷ interested与interesting的区别：interesting指人或东西“有
趣的”,作定
语或表语,而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语。如：
The man is very interesting and all the
children like him. (这个人很有趣,孩
子们都喜欢他) This book
is interesting and you can really enjoy
yourself.(这本书很有趣,你会真正获得享受) I am interested in
science.(我
对自然科学感兴趣)
⑹ good与well：表示“好”时,作定语
或表语用good,作状语用well；表示
“(身体)好”时用well.如：Doing
sports is good for us.(进行运动对我们有
益) Study well
and make progress every day.(好好学习,天天向上) --How
are you?—I am very well.(你好吗？我很好。)
⑻ too
much与much too：too much表示“太多的”,修饰事物数量；much
too
表示“太过,过分”,修饰形容词或副词。如：I am full because I
have had too
much rice.(我饱了,因为我吃了太多的米饭) That
coat is much too
dear.(那件大衣太贵了)
⑽lonely与al
one：lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是：“孤独的,寂寞的”,
作定语或表语；alo
ne的意思是：“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作
为副词的alone可作状语)。如
：He lives alone but he doesn’t feel
lonely.(他
一人独住,但是并不感到孤独) He is a lonely person.
You can not easily get
on well with
him.(他是个孤独的人,你要和他相处好实在不易)
⒃ the poor(穷人们) the
rich(富人们)等用法：“the+形容词”这一结构可以
表示一类人物,复数含义。如：We
must try our best to help the
poor.(我们应
该尽力帮助穷人们) The rich never know how
the poor are living.(有钱人
哪知穷人怎么过日子)
3、副词：用来
说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容
词或副词程度的词叫做副词。
4、副词的分类：(见下表)
时 间 副 词
today,
tomorrow,
then,
late,
once,
just,
频度副地点方位副方式副疑问连接副
程度副词 其他副词
词
词 词 词
once, here, there, very, too, well,
home,
below,
enough, hard,
how,
where,
too, also,
nor, so,
as,
on,off,
either,
yes, no,
yesterday, now,
twice,
early,
rather,
always, anywhere,
quite,
soon, above,
usually, how, so,
outside,
in, inside, much,
tonight,
long, often,
out, just,
1
alone,
when,
fast, why,
together
whether
,
already, yet, sometimback, up, nearly,
suddenlnot,
however, etc.
before, es,
down, only y, neither
ago, later, ever away,
off, almost,
never, -ly结尾
关系副词 maybe,
since far, hardly,
as long as
after,
(seldomnear,
perhaps,
的副词
where,
whenever ), nearby, 等,
first, someday,
ever, wherever even, all,
why, how
certainly,
a little, a
sometime, last,
everywhere, when,
bit
5、有关副词的重要注释：
⑴ as…as…常构成一些词组：as soon
as…(一旦…就…), as well as…(同样),
as+形容词副词+as
possible(尽可能……地)。如：Please ring me up as
soon
as you get to Beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。) Miss Gao
hurried
to the school gate as quickly as
possible.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。)
[注释] “as long much
as + 名词”可以表示“长达多达…”的含义。
如：The house costs as
much as five hundred thousand
yuan.(那幢房子花
费高达50万元。) They stayed in the
cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他
们呆在山洞里长达两周。)
⑷ too
、
also
、
either
、
nor的
用法：too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末
尾,且用逗号隔开；also“也”()用于肯定句句
子谓语动词之前；either“也”()
用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开；nor(“也不”)用于倒
装句句首；如：
Are you American,too?(你也是美国人吗？) He is
not happy and I am not
happy,
either.(他不愉快,我也不。) He didn’t watch the football
game. Nor
did I.(他没有看足球赛,我也没有。) You can also
find the market is very
good.(你还可以发觉那个市场很好。)
⑹ sometimes
、
sometime
、
some
times
、
some
time的用法：sometimes(有
时)用于一般现在时、
sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时、 some times(数
次)表示次数、some
time(一些时间)表示一段时间。如：Sometimes they go
hiking in
the mountains.(他们有时徒步旅行到山里去) I will stay here
some time.(我会在这儿呆些时候的。) I will meet your
father
sometime.(我什么时候要见见你的父亲。)
⑺ how
、
what用于感叹句的用法：对句子中的形容词或副词感叹时用how,
对人或事物(可能含
有形容词作修饰语)进行感叹用what. 如：What a fine
day (it is)
today!(今天天气真好！) How difficult (the problem
is)!((问题)
真难呀！)
⑻ already
、
yet的用法：在完
成时中,already一般用于肯定句,yet一般用于
否定句和疑问句。如：Have you
done it already?(你已经做好了？) I have
not had my
breakfast yet.(我还没有吃早饭呢。)
⑼ hard与hardly的用法：har
d作为副词意思是：“努力地,猛烈地”,hardly
是否定词,意思是：“几乎不”,一般与情态动
词cancould连用。如：They
study English very
hard.(他们英语学得很刻苦) You can hardly see a
person
spit in a public place.(在公共场所你几乎看不到一个人随地吐痰)
⑿
how 的几个短语：how
often“多常,每隔多久”,用于一般时态,对表示频
度的词语进行提问； how
soon“多久以后”,用于将来时态； how long
2
“多久”,用于过去时、完成时或其他时态； how many
times“多少次”,
用于过去时或完成时,对总计次数进行提问； how
much“多么,多少”,
对程度进行提问,也可以对数量(不可数)或金钱进行提问。如：How
long
have you been like this?(你这样已经多久了？) How
often does he wash
his face?(他每隔多久洗一次脸？)
⒃
too...to...与so...that...的问题：副词tooso后面跟形容词或副词,to后面跟
动词,that后面跟从句。Too...to... (“太.……以致不……”)是否定的结构,<
br>用于简单句；so...that...(“如此…以致…”)是肯定结构,用于复合句。如：
T
he child is too young to join the
army.(这孩子年龄太小还不能参军) He
is so strong that he
can lift the heavy box.(他这么强壮,搬得动那个重箱
子。)
⒄
既是形容词也是副词的单词有：early, late, long, last, next,
first, near,
enough, much, all, hard, alone,
fast, slow, high, low, straight等等。如：It
was a
long holiday.(那是个长假) He stayed there very
long.(他在那儿呆
了好久) Think hard then you will find
a way.(好好想你就会找到办法)
He is a very hard(难对付的)
person.(他是个难玩的家伙)
6：形容词比较级最高级的变化规律：
概述：大多数形容词和副词有三个级：原级（即原形）、比较级和最高级。
形容词和副词按变
化可以分为规则形容词词和副词和不规则形容词词和副
词规则I.形容词词和副词的比较级和最高级变化
规则如下：
一．所有单音节和部分双音节如何变比较级和最高级
1
一般在词末尾加er变比较级，加est变最高级
strong —stronger
-strongest small--smaller--smallest
hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest
2 如果以e结尾，只加r 和st
nice--nicer--nicest
fine--finer--finest
3 以重读闭音节，末尾只有
一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加
er和est
sad--sadder--
saddest big--bigger--biggest hot--hotter
--hottest
4 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把y变成i，再加er和est，
angry--angrier-angriest early→earlier →earliest
hungry-hungrier-hungriest
但是，开放类副词即形容词加ly结尾变成的副词加more或most.如
quickly
→more quickly →most quickly quietly →more
quietly →most
quietly
slowly—more
slowly—most slowly
［注］：early中的ly不是后缀，故把y变i再加er和est
二大部分双音节和所有多音节词都在其前面加more变比较级，加most变
最高级
different -more different -most different
beautiful--more beautiful--the most
beautiful
expensive--more expensive--the most
expensive
但是，以形容前缀un结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如
unha
ppy,untidy，我们可以说：unhappier→unhappiest,
untidier→untidiest
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二、比较级和最高级的用法
1．“not as (so) ＋ 原级 ＋
as” 表示“与„„不一样”。
They didn't pick soas many
apples as the farmers did.
他们摘的苹果不如农民(摘的)多。
2．“比较级 ＋ than” 表示 “ „„比„„更„„”。
A modern
train is much faster than a car.
现代的火车比轿车快多了。
3．“比较级 ＋ 比较级” 表示“越来越„„”。
The weather is
getting warmer and warmer.
天越来越暖和了。
4．“the ＋比较级， the ＋比较级” 表示“越„„，越„„”。
The
harder you try, the greater your progress is.
你越是努力，进步就越大。
5．“the ＋ 最高级 ＋ 比较范围” 表示
“(三者或三者以上) 最„„”。
The Changjiang River is the
longest in China.
长江是中国最长的河流。
注意：
1．形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the, 但副词最高级前可以加也可以不加。
2．much, a lot, even等可以用来修饰比较级。
It is much
colder today than yesterday.
今天比昨天冷多了。
三，不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
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1．________ careful you are,
________mistakes you’ll make.
A. More; fewer
B. The more; the less
C. More; less D.
The less; the more
2． Now telephones are very
popular and they are much ______ than before.
A. cheap B. cheaper
C. cheapest
D. the cheapest
3． Jimmy is very helpful.
I stay with him, I like him.
A. The more;
the most B. The most; the most
C. The
more; the more D. The most; the more
4．The
more careful you are, ________mistakes you’ll
make.
A. fewer B. less
C. the fewer D.
the less
5．--What do you think of the dress?
--- Wonderful. I don’t think I can find a
____one.
A. good B. better
C. bad
D. worst
6．Beijing is bigger than
___________in Anhui.
A. any cities
B. any other city
C. the other cities D.
any city
7．The ___________ you drive, the
_____________ you will be.
A. more carful,
safer B. most careful, safest
C. more
carefully, safer D. most carefully, safest
8．Hush! The baby is sleeping, please talk
________than usual or you may
wake him up.
A. quiet B. quietly
C. most quiet
D. more quietly
9．Hush! The baby is sleeping,
please talk ______than usual or you may wake
him up.
A. quiet B. quietly
C.
most quiet D. more quietly
10．You’re
standing too near to the TV. Can you move a little
_______ ?
-OK, Mum. Is it all right here?
A. faster B. slower
C. farther D.
nearer
11． When you do your exam, please read
every sentence carefully. _____ you
are,
_______ mistakes you’ll make.
A. The more
carefully, the fewer B. The more careful, the
less
C. The more carefully, the less D.
The more careful, the fewer
12．Suzhou is
becoming these years.
A. beautifuler
and beautifuler
B. more and more beautiful
C. the most and most beautiful
D.
beautifulest
13．---Remember this, children.
____careful you are,____mistakes you will
make.
---We know,Mr. Li.
A. The
more;the more more; the less
C. The
more; the fewer D. The less;the less
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14． Mr Li asks us to remember that
______ careful we are, _______ mistakes
we
will make.
A. the more, the fewer B. the
fewer, the more
C. the more, the more D. the
less, the fewer
15． Jim works _______ than
___________ in his class.
A. more hardly, any
student B. more hardly, any other student
C.
harder, any other student D. harder, the other
student
二、完形填空
The Americans were
getting ready to send their first man to the moon,
an old
Irishman (爱尔兰人) was _ _ them on TV
in a hotel room. There was an
Englishman in
the room__ . And he said to the Irishman, “The
Americans are
very _ _, aren’t they? They
are going to send some men to the moon. It’
s a
very _ way from our world.” “Oh, that’s _
,”the Irishman answered
quickly.” “The
Irishman are going to send some men to the sun in
months’ _
_. That’s much _ away than
the moon, you know. “The Englishman was very
_
when he heard this. “Oh, yes it is,” he said, “But
the sun is too _
for people to visit.”
The Irishman laughed and answered, “Well, the
Irish are clever, too, you know.
We _ go
to the sun during the day, of course. We’ll go
there during the
night.”
16．A. reading
B. watching C. making D. mending
17．A. too B. also C. of course
D. only
18．A. kind B. bad C.
clever D. good
19．A. short B. long
C. far D. near
20．A. nothing B. all
C. wrong D. great
21．A. later B.
ago C. long ago D. time
22．A.
far B. never C. farther D.
longer
23．A. angry B. surprised C.
glad D. sorry
24．A. warm B. big
C. cold D. hot
25．A. don’t B. won’t
C. want to D. must
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