各个角度分析霍桑的《年轻的小伙布朗》
静冈产业大学-工程项目管理总结
Introduction
There are sixteen papers
related to the analysis of Young Goodman Brown
from five different perspectives. The first
one is about the overview of
the fifteen more
ones and the five parts are allegory and
symbolism,
expression of Puritanism, writing
style, Freudian Psychoanalytic
Approach and
the theme.
First is writing features.
According to 以《小伙子古德曼布朗》为例试论
霍桑的写作特点，there are
3 features in his works: symbolism with deep
meaning, detailed description of psychology
and theme with ambiguity.
Allegory and
symbolism
There are mainly four reports
related to it.
Let’s take a look at the first
report. According to Allegory and
Symbolism——On Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown
from Gao Feng, Hawthorne
uses allegory and
symbolism with good effect in the short story
“Young
Goodman Brown”. In the setting which he
chooses, allegory is realism,
and the idea is
life itself. Thus Hawthorne brings his allegory
and
symbolism to perfect literary form in the
novel.
Then it is the second one. This
one is 霍桑讽喻小说《好小伙古德曼布朗》
中象征主义的运用 by Liang
Xinxin. It tells us that as a great symbolist,
Hawthorne made good use of symbols to express
his ideas. Some important
symbols in his
“Young Goodman Brown”, such as the pink ribbons,
the
fellow traveler’s staff, are closely
associated with the theme, relating
to man’s
sins. This paper briefly discusses the use of
allegory and
symbolism in his “Young Goodman
Brown”.
Here is the third one,
论霍桑的人性原罪思想在《年轻的古德曼布朗》中的
体现. According to this
one, the authors agree that as a great
symbolist，
Hawthorne made good use of symbols
in such his works as The Scarlet Letter
and
The Minister's
Black Veil to express his
ideas. Some important symbols in his Young
Goodman Brown，including the names，the pink
ribbons，and the Devil's staff，
are closely
associated with the theme，relating to man's
original sin．
As the above 3 reports are
expressing similar idea, we draw a conclusion
here for you to see it clearly. Because of
time limit, here we only list
three points.
First are the pink ribbons. The pink
ribbons did appear four times at the
critical
moment in the psychological development of Goodman
Brown. The
pink ribbons is the key symbo1
signify Goodman Brown’s initial illusion
about
true significance of his faith and his belief that
his faith will
lead him to heaven if he
sticks to it after one more indulgence in sin.
After his journey into the forest, the pink
ribbons on his wife’s head
had also become as
untruthful and ridiculous as the other pious
people
in his cynical eyes.
Second is
a hanging twig and the coldest dew. Hawthorne
sprinkles dew on
his cheek to represent the
absence of tears. This lack of tears, the
outward sign of an inward reality, posits the
absence of the innate love
and humility that
would have made possible Brown’s moral and
spiritual
progression.
Third is the
forest. It seems that the forest stands for
Brown’s own mind.
The forest is haunted and
filled with ambiguity implies that Brown’s mind
haunted, and puzzled and lost. What goes on in
Brown’s mind is just like
what happens in the
forest. Further more, the forest may equate with
temptation and sin.
Then, it is the
fourth one. This report is a little different from
those
3 other reports. This one uses Frye’s
Theories of Symbolism to explain
Young Goodman
Brown. According to Herman Nothrop Frye, he
partitioned
literary symbolism into five
levels or phases. These phases were: Symbol
as
motif; Symbol as sign; Symbol as image; Symbol as
archetype and symbol
as monad. This paper
tries to apply his theories of symbolism to the
comment of Young Goodman Brown. Take the
archetype one as example. By
setting the
historical background of witch trialswriter
successfully provided the readers with a sense
of reality and let them
believe that the story
might have been derived from what had really
happened before, thus pulled his story to them
nearer and made them more
devoted. It is the
effect of choosing a right archetype.
Third is the expression of Puritanism. In the
霍桑《好小伙布朗 》中的
清教思想解读,the authors think the sin
in human mind was the main content
of the
novel.
Influenced by its social
background, family background and
upbringing
of origin, Hawthorne’s novels reflect a strong
Puritan
Ideology. On the one hand, Hawthorne
is committed to exploring ethical
and criminal
problems, exploring deep-hidden “original sin” and
“hidden crimes” in people, and advocating the
adoption of good deeds
and penitence to wash
away sin, purify mind to get salvation. On the
other
hand, it is the exclusion and slaughter
of aliens by Puritans and the
repression and
destruction of human nature by Puritan canon that
makes
Hawthorne full of doubt and confusion,
which reflected in his works as
an extremely
contradictory religious idea.
Then in the
家族记忆和原罪——论霍桑黑色小说的艺术重构，Hawthorne
describe the Puritanism in a mystery
and odd way. Hawthorne build the
character in
a paradox mood between Calvins and transcendent.
He shows
the predicament of Puritanism and the
mystery original sin imagination
in his work.
Here comes the third one, Hawthorne's
Puritanism in Young Goodman Brown
by Li Na.
The report says that in his life, he experienced
the development
of American colonial history
and the constant social change. In the
colonial period, Puritanism had dominated
people's thoughts and been
influencing on
people's lives, controlling their thoughts, and
Hawthorne
was inevitably effected by the
strong and fanatical Puritan thought. The
Puritan thoughts such as “original sin”,
“intrinsic depravity” and
the concept of “sin”
in religious sense infiltrated in his works.
Then in the一个清教徒的堕落———评《年青小伙古德曼·布朗》,
Hawthorne’s works have a thick color of
Puritanism. due to his family
history and
personal experience．Young Goodman Brown，the
masterpiece of
his short stories，is just a
case in point. By a symbolic description of
Brown’s conversion experience，Hawthorne deeply
reveals the puritan’s
rigidity and self-doubt
and the consequences of such a belief system
In the fifth report透过布朗解析霍桑的矛盾心理,
Hawthorne was
psychologically paradoxical:
therefore, the theme of his novel tended to
be
ambiguous and duplicitous, which left more space
for his readers to
speculate. His
psychological paradox showed great impact on his
narration,
and his language also featured his
readers by peculiar meditation and
insight.
Considered serious and solitary by nature,
Hawthorne used these
character traits to
clearly portray his feelings toward Puritanism.
This
was Hawthorne’s style and also his
reader’s specialty.
Fourth is writing
style. The style is Gothic style. According to
Gothic
Style of the Hawthorne’s Short Stories,
Hawthorne’s style is rather
gothic, one that
is different which the setting of the whole story
may
appear exotic. The Hawthorne story bears
one specific characteristic from
any other
Gothic fiction and entitles it a unique style. The
usual Gothic
story often has an exotic setting
isolated in time or space from
contemporary
life, often a ruined mansion or castle. However,
in the
Hawthorne story, unlike the usual
Gothic fiction, more than often happens
in a
familiar setting. “Young Goodman Brown” begins
with “the street
of Salem village”. The story
happens in a “Salem” village that was
frequently encountered in New England country
during Hawthorne’s time.
Then
let’s move to the fifth part. Use other
Psychoanalytic Approach
to appreciate this
novel. The approach is Freudian Psychoanalytic
Approach. We found two reports. And they talk
about familiar thing.
First is Collapse
of Goodman Brown’s Faith: Perspective from
Freudian
Psychoanalytical Theories by CHENG
Ming-zhai, WANG Ya-ni. This article
mainly
uses Freudian psychoanalytical theories to
interpret this theme:
all men have evil in
their soul. The theories consist of the Structure
of Psyche, Personality Structure, the Theory
of Drive and The Dream Theory
etc. This
article mainly applies the former three theories
to interpret
Young Goodman Brown, reflecting
Brown’s complex mental process from
mental
struggles to faith collapse.
Second is
From Innocence to Mental Disorder by Li Yunning.
In her report,
Young Goodman Brown is a famous
psychology –analyzing short story by
Hawthorne. Based on Freudian Psychoanalytic
theories, which roughly
include the theory of
unconsciousness, instinct, personality structure
and dreams, the whole story stems from the
instinct of the protagonist.
Let us give
some examples. Freudian Personality Structure
consists of
three parts: id, ego and super-
ego. The irrational, instinctual, unknown
and
unconscious part is called id. Id contains out
secret desire. Ego is
the rational, logical,
waking part of the mind. Super-ego acts like an
internal censor, causing us to make moral
judgments in light of social
pressures. When
Brown began his journey to the forest, he was
hesitant
and felt guilty. In fact, his mental
struggles existed from the beginning
to the
end of this journey. The mental struggles were
just the
manifestation between the conflicts
within id and ego and that within ego
and
super-ego.
The final is the theme of
the novel. The report 小伙子布朗分层解读 agrees
that
the writer’s thoughts on human nature can be
embodied from the
narration of the journey in
the forest. Sun Yingying thinks that the
dividing line of evil and goodness of human
nature is the theme.
The last one is
在宗教的困惑中寻求生命的皈依之路《小伙子布朗》的创作主
题解读. In Yong
Haiyan’s opinion, this paper exposes and
criticizes the
rigid and hypocritical nature
of Puritanism and Puritan’s Doctrine. On
this
basis, the paper offers a thematic interpretation
of this story and
points our that wicked
religion can only lead people to the abyss of
confusion and frustration and the people
should comprehend the truth of
life and
develop a positive and optimistic attitude towards
life.
References
1, 杨彦清，
《家族记忆和原罪想想——论霍桑黑色小说的艺术重构》，内蒙古
师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版），
2012-07
2，张燕， 《透过布朗解析霍桑的矛盾心理》， 作家， 2012-03
3，甄珍， 以《小伙子古德曼布朗》为例试论霍桑的写作特点，
临沧师范高等
专科学校学报， 2009-06
4，高丰，《Allegory and
Symbolism——On Hawthorne’s Young Goodman
Brown》，
海外英语， 2010-08
5，刘翠，《A View Of Young
Goodman Brown From Frye‘s Theories Of
Symbolism》，
读与写教育教学刊， 2010-03
6，成明斋，王雅妮，
《Collapse of Goodman Brown’ s Faith: Perspective
from Freudian Psychoanalytical Theories》，
海外英语，2012-05
7，李宁云，《From Innocence to Mental
Disorder》，校园英语（教研版），2012-06
8，谢丽湘，《Gothic
Style of the Hawthorne’s Short Stories》，校园英语，
2012-02
9，李娜，《Hawthorne‘s Puritanism in
Young Goodman Brown》，科技致富向
导， 2011-08
10，袁臣，《The Indirectness of Young Goodman Brown
》， 读与写（教育教
学刊），2010-08
11，王伦，孙静艺，霍桑《好小伙布朗
》中的清教思想解读，短篇小说（原创
版）， 2012-09
12，梁歆歆，霍桑讽喻小说
《好小伙古德曼布朗》中象征主义的运用，商品与质
量，2012-02
13，孙瑛瑛，《小伙子布朗》的分层解读，湖北广播电视大学学报， 2011-12
14，周家琴，《论霍桑哥特式清教小说》，上海外国语大学学报， 2010-05
15，缪昕，杨静，论霍桑的人性原罪思想在《年轻的古德曼 · 布朗
》中的体
现，黑龙江教育学院学报 2012-05
16，赵攀，一个清教徒的堕落———评
《年青小伙古德曼·布朗》，郑州师范教
育2012-06
Introduction
There are sixteen
papers related to the analysis of Young Goodman
Brown
from five different perspectives. The
first one is about the overview of
the fifteen
more ones and the five parts are allegory and
symbolism,
expression of Puritanism, writing
style, Freudian Psychoanalytic
Approach and
the theme.
First is writing features.
According to 以《小伙子古德曼布朗》为例试论
霍桑的写作特点，there are
3 features in his works: symbolism with deep
meaning, detailed description of psychology
and theme with ambiguity.
Allegory and
symbolism
There are mainly four reports
related to it.
Let’s take a look at the first
report. According to Allegory and
Symbolism——On Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown
from Gao Feng, Hawthorne
uses allegory and
symbolism with good effect in the short story
“Young
Goodman Brown”. In the setting which he
chooses, allegory is realism,
and the idea is
life itself. Thus Hawthorne brings his allegory
and
symbolism to perfect literary form in the
novel.
Then it is the second one. This
one is 霍桑讽喻小说《好小伙古德曼布朗》
中象征主义的运用 by Liang
Xinxin. It tells us that as a great symbolist,
Hawthorne made good use of symbols to express
his ideas. Some important
symbols in his
“Young Goodman Brown”, such as the pink ribbons,
the
fellow traveler’s staff, are closely
associated with the theme, relating
to man’s
sins. This paper briefly discusses the use of
allegory and
symbolism in his “Young Goodman
Brown”.
Here is the third one,
论霍桑的人性原罪思想在《年轻的古德曼布朗》中的
体现. According to this
one, the authors agree that as a great
symbolist，
Hawthorne made good use of symbols
in such his works as The Scarlet Letter
and
The Minister's
Black Veil to express his
ideas. Some important symbols in his Young
Goodman Brown，including the names，the pink
ribbons，and the Devil's staff，
are closely
associated with the theme，relating to man's
original sin．
As the above 3 reports are
expressing similar idea, we draw a conclusion
here for you to see it clearly. Because of
time limit, here we only list
three points.
First are the pink ribbons. The pink
ribbons did appear four times at the
critical
moment in the psychological development of Goodman
Brown. The
pink ribbons is the key symbo1
signify Goodman Brown’s initial illusion
about
true significance of his faith and his belief that
his faith will
lead him to heaven if he
sticks to it after one more indulgence in sin.
After his journey into the forest, the pink
ribbons on his wife’s head
had also become as
untruthful and ridiculous as the other pious
people
in his cynical eyes.
Second is
a hanging twig and the coldest dew. Hawthorne
sprinkles dew on
his cheek to represent the
absence of tears. This lack of tears, the
outward sign of an inward reality, posits the
absence of the innate love
and humility that
would have made possible Brown’s moral and
spiritual
progression.
Third is the
forest. It seems that the forest stands for
Brown’s own mind.
The forest is haunted and
filled with ambiguity implies that Brown’s mind
haunted, and puzzled and lost. What goes on in
Brown’s mind is just like
what happens in the
forest. Further more, the forest may equate with
temptation and sin.
Then, it is the
fourth one. This report is a little different from
those
3 other reports. This one uses Frye’s
Theories of Symbolism to explain
Young Goodman
Brown. According to Herman Nothrop Frye, he
partitioned
literary symbolism into five
levels or phases. These phases were: Symbol
as
motif; Symbol as sign; Symbol as image; Symbol as
archetype and symbol
as monad. This paper
tries to apply his theories of symbolism to the
comment of Young Goodman Brown. Take the
archetype one as example. By
setting the
historical background of witch trialswriter
successfully provided the readers with a sense
of reality and let them
believe that the story
might have been derived from what had really
happened before, thus pulled his story to them
nearer and made them more
devoted. It is the
effect of choosing a right archetype.
Third is the expression of Puritanism. In the
霍桑《好小伙布朗 》中的
清教思想解读,the authors think the sin
in human mind was the main content
of the
novel.
Influenced by its social
background, family background and
upbringing
of origin, Hawthorne’s novels reflect a strong
Puritan
Ideology. On the one hand, Hawthorne
is committed to exploring ethical
and criminal
problems, exploring deep-hidden “original sin” and
“hidden crimes” in people, and advocating the
adoption of good deeds
and penitence to wash
away sin, purify mind to get salvation. On the
other
hand, it is the exclusion and slaughter
of aliens by Puritans and the
repression and
destruction of human nature by Puritan canon that
makes
Hawthorne full of doubt and confusion,
which reflected in his works as
an extremely
contradictory religious idea.
Then in the
家族记忆和原罪——论霍桑黑色小说的艺术重构，Hawthorne
describe the Puritanism in a mystery
and odd way. Hawthorne build the
character in
a paradox mood between Calvins and transcendent.
He shows
the predicament of Puritanism and the
mystery original sin imagination
in his work.
Here comes the third one, Hawthorne's
Puritanism in Young Goodman Brown
by Li Na.
The report says that in his life, he experienced
the development
of American colonial history
and the constant social change. In the
colonial period, Puritanism had dominated
people's thoughts and been
influencing on
people's lives, controlling their thoughts, and
Hawthorne
was inevitably effected by the
strong and fanatical Puritan thought. The
Puritan thoughts such as “original sin”,
“intrinsic depravity” and
the concept of “sin”
in religious sense infiltrated in his works.
Then in the一个清教徒的堕落———评《年青小伙古德曼·布朗》,
Hawthorne’s works have a thick color of
Puritanism. due to his family
history and
personal experience．Young Goodman Brown，the
masterpiece of
his short stories，is just a
case in point. By a symbolic description of
Brown’s conversion experience，Hawthorne deeply
reveals the puritan’s
rigidity and self-doubt
and the consequences of such a belief system
In the fifth report透过布朗解析霍桑的矛盾心理,
Hawthorne was
psychologically paradoxical:
therefore, the theme of his novel tended to
be
ambiguous and duplicitous, which left more space
for his readers to
speculate. His
psychological paradox showed great impact on his
narration,
and his language also featured his
readers by peculiar meditation and
insight.
Considered serious and solitary by nature,
Hawthorne used these
character traits to
clearly portray his feelings toward Puritanism.
This
was Hawthorne’s style and also his
reader’s specialty.
Fourth is writing
style. The style is Gothic style. According to
Gothic
Style of the Hawthorne’s Short Stories,
Hawthorne’s style is rather
gothic, one that
is different which the setting of the whole story
may
appear exotic. The Hawthorne story bears
one specific characteristic from
any other
Gothic fiction and entitles it a unique style. The
usual Gothic
story often has an exotic setting
isolated in time or space from
contemporary
life, often a ruined mansion or castle. However,
in the
Hawthorne story, unlike the usual
Gothic fiction, more than often happens
in a
familiar setting. “Young Goodman Brown” begins
with “the street
of Salem village”. The story
happens in a “Salem” village that was
frequently encountered in New England country
during Hawthorne’s time.
Then
let’s move to the fifth part. Use other
Psychoanalytic Approach
to appreciate this
novel. The approach is Freudian Psychoanalytic
Approach. We found two reports. And they talk
about familiar thing.
First is Collapse
of Goodman Brown’s Faith: Perspective from
Freudian
Psychoanalytical Theories by CHENG
Ming-zhai, WANG Ya-ni. This article
mainly
uses Freudian psychoanalytical theories to
interpret this theme:
all men have evil in
their soul. The theories consist of the Structure
of Psyche, Personality Structure, the Theory
of Drive and The Dream Theory
etc. This
article mainly applies the former three theories
to interpret
Young Goodman Brown, reflecting
Brown’s complex mental process from
mental
struggles to faith collapse.
Second is
From Innocence to Mental Disorder by Li Yunning.
In her report,
Young Goodman Brown is a famous
psychology –analyzing short story by
Hawthorne. Based on Freudian Psychoanalytic
theories, which roughly
include the theory of
unconsciousness, instinct, personality structure
and dreams, the whole story stems from the
instinct of the protagonist.
Let us give
some examples. Freudian Personality Structure
consists of
three parts: id, ego and super-
ego. The irrational, instinctual, unknown
and
unconscious part is called id. Id contains out
secret desire. Ego is
the rational, logical,
waking part of the mind. Super-ego acts like an
internal censor, causing us to make moral
judgments in light of social
pressures. When
Brown began his journey to the forest, he was
hesitant
and felt guilty. In fact, his mental
struggles existed from the beginning
to the
end of this journey. The mental struggles were
just the
manifestation between the conflicts
within id and ego and that within ego
and
super-ego.
The final is the theme of
the novel. The report 小伙子布朗分层解读 agrees
that
the writer’s thoughts on human nature can be
embodied from the
narration of the journey in
the forest. Sun Yingying thinks that the
dividing line of evil and goodness of human
nature is the theme.
The last one is
在宗教的困惑中寻求生命的皈依之路《小伙子布朗》的创作主
题解读. In Yong
Haiyan’s opinion, this paper exposes and
criticizes the
rigid and hypocritical nature
of Puritanism and Puritan’s Doctrine. On
this
basis, the paper offers a thematic interpretation
of this story and
points our that wicked
religion can only lead people to the abyss of
confusion and frustration and the people
should comprehend the truth of
life and
develop a positive and optimistic attitude towards
life.
References
1, 杨彦清，
《家族记忆和原罪想想——论霍桑黑色小说的艺术重构》，内蒙古
师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版），
2012-07
2，张燕， 《透过布朗解析霍桑的矛盾心理》， 作家， 2012-03
3，甄珍， 以《小伙子古德曼布朗》为例试论霍桑的写作特点，
临沧师范高等
专科学校学报， 2009-06
4，高丰，《Allegory and
Symbolism——On Hawthorne’s Young Goodman
Brown》，
海外英语， 2010-08
5，刘翠，《A View Of Young
Goodman Brown From Frye‘s Theories Of
Symbolism》，
读与写教育教学刊， 2010-03
6，成明斋，王雅妮，
《Collapse of Goodman Brown’ s Faith: Perspective
from Freudian Psychoanalytical Theories》，
海外英语，2012-05
7，李宁云，《From Innocence to Mental
Disorder》，校园英语（教研版），2012-06
8，谢丽湘，《Gothic
Style of the Hawthorne’s Short Stories》，校园英语，
2012-02
9，李娜，《Hawthorne‘s Puritanism in
Young Goodman Brown》，科技致富向
导， 2011-08
10，袁臣，《The Indirectness of Young Goodman Brown
》， 读与写（教育教
学刊），2010-08
11，王伦，孙静艺，霍桑《好小伙布朗
》中的清教思想解读，短篇小说（原创
版）， 2012-09
12，梁歆歆，霍桑讽喻小说
《好小伙古德曼布朗》中象征主义的运用，商品与质
量，2012-02
13，孙瑛瑛，《小伙子布朗》的分层解读，湖北广播电视大学学报， 2011-12
14，周家琴，《论霍桑哥特式清教小说》，上海外国语大学学报， 2010-05
15，缪昕，杨静，论霍桑的人性原罪思想在《年轻的古德曼 · 布朗
》中的体
现，黑龙江教育学院学报 2012-05
16，赵攀，一个清教徒的堕落———评
《年青小伙古德曼·布朗》，郑州师范教
育2012-06