新视野大学英语读写教程 第二册 一单元 textB 单词unit 1 text B
弘扬民族精神资料-修改病句练习
spite
n. in spite of: not being
prevented by (.); regardless of(用于短语) 虽然；不顾，尽管
They went out in spite of the
rain.尽管下雨，他们还是外出了。
(U) desire to hurt, offend
another person; ill will恶意； 怨恨,
He wrote that
article from pure spite.他写那篇文章纯粹是为了泄愤。
adj.
spiteful 怀恨的，恶意的 adv. spitefully 怀恨地；怀恶意地 n.
spitefulness 怀恨在心
clash
vi. 1.
disagree seriously (about sth.)严重不一致，冲突
The
couple clashed on the question of where to spend
their holidays.上哪儿去度假意见不一
2. come together and
fight冲突，交锋，遭遇
The two armies clashed near the
boundary this morning.今晨两支军队在边境附近发生了交火
n.
1.不一致，争论There is a clash of interests in this
project.在项目中存在着利益上的冲突
2.抵触，冲突The demonstration
ended in a violent clash with the police.示威游行与警察冲突
tradition
n. [U, C] 传统，惯例By
tradition, people play jokes on April 1.
They
decided to break with tradition.他们决定打破惯例。
adjustment
n.调整 N-COUNTAn adjustment is a
small change that is made to something such as a
machine
or a way of doing something.
(对机器、做事方法等的) 调整
The adjustment of the
interest rate will moderate. 利率的调整将会放缓。
.N-COUNTAn adjustment is a change in a
person's behaviour or thinking. (对行为、思想等的)
调整
He will have to make major adjustments to his
thinking if he is to survive in office.
他要想继续任职的话，就得对他的思维方式作大的调整。
honeymoon
n..蜜月期，和谐期 n. honeymooner 度蜜月的人They're going
to honeymoon in Europe.
他们打算在欧洲度蜜月。
marvelous(英marvellous)
a. surprising;
outstanding; wonderful惊奇的，奇妙的，不可思议的
The
performance is simply marvelous.演出精彩极了！
adv.
marvelously 奇迹般地；不可思议地；令人惊讶地n. marvel 奇迹vi.
marvel 感到惊
讶vt. marvel 对…感到惊异
amuse
vt. (sb.) laugh or smile
逗... ...乐（笑）
Everyone was amused at the story about the
dog.
大家都被那只狗的故事逗笑了。
She amused the
children with tricks.
她玩一些小把戏来逗孩子们快乐。
2.
Make time pass pleasantly for (sb.)
给... ...
娱乐（消遣）；以... ...自娱
He reads the books only
because it amuses him.
他读书只是因为那给他带来乐趣。
amusement
n. 1.[C] thing that
makes time pass pleasantly
娱乐（消遣）活动，娱乐品，娱乐场所
The hotel offers its guests a wide variety of
amusements.
这家旅馆为客人们提供各式各样的娱乐活动。
Outdoor
amusement will relax you after a day's work in
office.
在办公室里呆了一整天之后，户外娱乐活动可使你得到放松。
2.[U]
state of being amused
娱乐，快乐
She could not
cover her amusement at his mistake.
对他的错误，她禁不住觉得好笑。
To everybody's amusement,
the actor fell off the stage.
那个演员从舞台上掉了下来，大家都感到好笑。
ending
n.
[C] end, esp. of a story, film or word
（尤指故事、影片、戏剧）结局，结尾
a story with a happy
ending
一个结局幸福美满的故事
People want to be
entertained; they want love stories with happy
endings.
人们希望能享受快乐；他们喜欢结局美满的爱情故事。
hostile
a. g strong hate or objecting to;
very unfriendly
怀有敌意的，敌对的
She found his
attitude to her obviously hostile.
她发现他对自己的态度明显地怀有敌意。
She gave him a hostile
look.
她怀有敌意地看了他一眼。
an enemy
敌方的
a
hostile army
敌军
hostility
n.
1.[U] being hostile (to .)
敌意，敌对，敌视
There
is now open hostility between the two leaders.
两位领导人之间的敌意已经公开化了。
Their friendship is
regarded with hostility.
人们用敌意的眼光注视着他们间的友谊。
2.[U] being against
抵制，反对
His ideas
met with some hostility.
他的意见遭到了一些反对。
His
hostility to your plan is well-known.
他反对你的计划是众所周知的。
3.（pl.）acts of war;
fighting
战争，战斗
Hostilities broke out
between Germany and France in 1939.
德法之间于1939年爆发了战争。
The enemy suggested
stopping hostilities for 24 hours.
敌方建议停火24小时。
moreover
ad. (used to introduce sth.
new that adds to or supports the previous
statement) further; as well; in
addition
再有，此外，而且
I don't want to go skating;
moreover, the ice is too thin.
我不想去滑冰；再说，冰也太薄了。
The idea was not good;
moreover, it would have been too expensive.
这个建议不太好，而且实施起来花费也太大。
distress
n.
1. [U] (cause of) great pain, sadness, suffering,
etc.
痛苦，苦恼，忧伤（的原因）
Her death was a great
distress to all the family.
她的去世使全家人感到万分悲痛。
Two in distress makes sorrow less.
同病相怜。
His distress was shared by all his friends.
他的朋友们都帮他分担忧愁。
2. [U] suffering (caused by
lack of money, food, etc.)
（缺钱、缺食物造成的）穷苦，贫困
He spent his money in reducing distress among
the poor.
他疏财济贫。
3. [U] a state of being
in danger or difficulty and requiring help
危险，危难
an airplane in distress
遇险的飞机
a distress flag
危险信号旗
vt. cause
distress to (.)
使痛苦，使悲痛，使忧伤，使贫困
Please
don't distress yourself.
请别忧伤。
I was most
distressed to hear the sad news of your father's
death.
听到你父亲去世的噩耗我非常难过。
devise
vt. think out (a plan, tool, etc.)
想出（计划），发明（设备、工具）
The teacher has devised a
new method of teaching foreign languages.
那位老师发明了一种教授外语的新方法。
He devised a
plan for getting the jewels out of the country.
他想出了一个把珠宝运出国的计划。
mechanism
n.
[C]【心】心理机制，机理
Her offensive way is just a
defense mechanism.
她的粗鲁不过是出于防卫心理。
[C]
method or steps for getting things done
手法，技巧，途径
There is no mechanism for
changing the decision.
这决定是不能改变的。
The
mechanism for collecting taxes needs improving.
收税制度需要改进。
[C] working parts of a machine,
etc.
机械装置，机件
Something is wrong with the
mechanism of our radio.
我们收音机的装置出毛病了。
They
are developing a new turning mechanism for the
device.
他们正在研制这一设备的新的旋转装置。
cope
vi. （with）manage successfully; be able to deal
with sth. difficult
（成功地）应付，能对付
There was
too much work for our computer to cope with.
工作太多，我们的计算机难以应付。
School communities have
to cope with changing numbers of pupils.
学校体制必须能适应学生人数的变化。
repression
n.
1. [U]control or preventing
【心】压抑（把本能的欲望和冲动，尤与
一般公认的行为标准相冲突的，压抑于潜意识中），
压抑作用，压抑机制
The
repression of one's true feelings is wrong.
抑制自己的真实情感是不对的。
He felt that much
unhappiness was because of repression.
他感到许多的不快都是由压抑引起的。
2. [U] cruel and severe
control
镇压，抑制
The political repression in
this country is imposed by severe fear.
这个国家的政治镇压是通过恐怖行动来实施的。
regression
n. [U] return to a former state
【心】 回归，倒退（
指当个人追求的愿望得不到满足或受严重挫折时，即以与其年龄不相
称的发展早期的某些原始的幼稚行为
来适应当前，由意识状态倒退到无意识状态的一种变态
心理现象。）
isolate
vt. put or keep . entirely apart from other
people or things; separate .
使孤立，使隔绝，使隔离
Several villages have
been isolated by heavy snowfalls.
因为下了大雪有几个村庄与外界断绝了联系。
The patients were
soon isolated.
病人被立即隔离。
isolation
n. [U] isolating or being isolated
隔离，孤立，分解，分离
They live in complete
isolation in a mountain.
他们在一座山里过着完全与世隔绝的生活。
fight in isolation
孤军奋战
avoid
vt. keep oneself away from .
避开，逃避
He's been avoiding me since our quarrel.
自从我们上次吵嘴后，他一直躲着我。
The old man avoided his
neighbors' eyes.
那个老人躲避着邻居的目光。
stop sth.
happening; prevent
避免，防止
I just avoided
running over the cat.
我的车险些轧着那只猫。
You must
avoid giving any unnecessary information.
你应该尽量不要提供不必要的信息。
reject
vt. 1.
refuse to accept (.)
拒绝，不接受
She rejected
his offer of marriage.
她拒绝了他的求婚。
He was
rejected for the army because of his poor sight.
他由于视力差而未被接受入伍。
2. throw (sth.) away as not
to be used, chosen, done, etc.
抛弃，丢弃
Damaged products were rejected by our quality
control.
受损的产品经检验不合格而报废。
It was hard for
me to reject my beliefs.
要我放弃自己的信仰是困难的。
n.
[C] rejected person or thing
被弃或被拒的人或物
This TV is cheap, because it's a reject.
这台电视机很便宜，因为是等外品。
a society's reject
社会弃儿
rejection
n. [U, C]
rejecting or being rejected
拒绝，被拒，抛弃，被弃
The company's rejection made him disappointed.
公司的回绝令他很失望。
I've applied for ten jobs, but
all I've got back is rejections.
我申请了10份工作，但都被回绝了。
helpful
a.
giving help; useful
有帮助的；有益的
He's always
very helpful to his mother.
他对他母亲总是很有帮助。
a
helpful friend
益友
recognition
n.
1.[U] the state of being accepted as legal, real,
or valuable
承认，认可
Some artists gain
recognition after death.
有些艺术家死后才得到认可。
The
new government has not yet received recognition
from other countries.
新政府尚未获得其他国家的承认。
2.[U] the fact of knowing sb. or sth.
认出，认识
She hoped she would avoid
recognition by wearing dark glasses and a hat.
她戴上墨镜和帽子，希望这样就不会被人认出来。
I said hello to him
but he showed no recognition.
我跟他打招呼，但他没有认出我。
3.[U] reward or honor
酬谢; 赏识，表彰
They
gave the boy a medal in recognition of his
courage.
他们授给这男孩一枚勋章，以表彰他的勇敢精神。
recovery
n. 1. (sing. ) [U] return to a normal state
恢复，复原，痊愈
He's now well on the way to
recovery.
他在顺利地康复。
He's past recovery.
他已全无康复的希望。
2. [U] getting back
寻回，追回，收复
the recovery of stolen goods
赃物的追回
the recovery of a fallen city
失陷城市的收复
comprehension
n.
1.[U] (power of) understanding
理解（力），领悟
This will develop his comprehension.
这将会培养他的理解能力。
She had no comprehension of
her husband's problems.
她丝毫不理解她丈夫的问题。
2.
[U, C] exercise aimed at improving or testing
one's understanding (written or spoken)
（书面或口头）理解力练习，理解力测验
We are going to do a
listening comprehension.
我们打算做听力理解练习。
favorable (英favourable)
a. l; suitable
有帮助的，适宜的
favorable winds
顺风
The
position of his shop is favorable to business.
他的商店所处位置有利于生意。
or showing agreement
赞同的
It's encouraging to receive a
favorable report on one's work.
收到一份对自己工作表示赞同的报告，是令人鼓舞的。
We found that
most people were favorable to the idea.
我们发现大多数人都赞成这个意见。
symptom
n.
1.[C] change in the body that shows an illness
症候，症状
The symptoms don't appear until a
few days later.
症状要到几天后才会出现。
All the
symptoms point to a cold.
所有的症状都表明是感冒。
2.
[C] sign of the existence of sth. wrong
（坏事物存在的）迹象，征兆，征候
He recognizes the
symptoms, but refuses to admit that he has made a
mistake.
他承认这些迹象，但不愿承认自己是犯了错误。
The
Government must not ignore these symptoms of
present economic problems.
政府不应忽视这些现存经济问题的征候。
distinction
n. 1. [C] special
element, special or unique quality
个性，特征
He had the distinction of being the first man
to walk on the moon.
他作为月球上行走第一人而闻名于世。
2.
[C, U] a difference or contrast between one person
thing and another
区分，区别
There is no
obvious distinction between the twins.
那对孪生儿之间没有明显的差异。
There's a clear
distinction between the forms of speech in the two
regions.
两地的方言有明显的差异。
3.[U] a quality of
excellence
卓著，盛名
a dancer of distinction
凤毛麟角的舞蹈家
appreciate
vt. tand and
enjoy (sth.); value highly
欣赏，赏识
You can't
fully appreciate Shakespeare in translation.
你无法通过翻译去充分欣赏莎士比亚的作品。
tand (sth.) with
sympathy
理解，意识到，懂得
I appreciate your
problem, but I don't think I can help you.
我理解你的问题，但我想我无法帮助你。
You don't seem to
appreciate how busy I am.
你似乎不了解我有多忙。
vi.
increase in value
增值，涨价
Local rice has
appreciated since the flood.
自从发洪水以来，当地的米价上涨了。
Our house has appreciated by 50% in the last
two years.
在过去两年中我们的房子增值了50%。
acquisition
n. 1.[U] action of gaining
获得，得到
He spent hundreds of hours in the
acquisition of skill at playing the piano.
他花了数百小时掌握弹钢琴的技巧。
The children progressed
in the acquisition of basic skills.
孩子们在掌握基本技巧方面取得了进步。
2. [C] thing gained,
esp. sth. useful
获得物（尤指有用的东西），添加物
This
dictionary is my most recent acquisition.
这本词典是我最近添置的东西。
She will be quite an
acquisition to the club.
她将成为这个俱乐部不可多得的新成员。
alleviate
vt. make sth. less
serious; ease
减轻；缓和
They alleviated the
tiring waiting by singing songs.
他们用唱歌来消除由于等待带来的烦躁。
We want to help
alleviate their lack of food.
我们想帮助他们缓解粮食短缺的状况。
furthermore
ad. in addition; moreover
此外，还有
The
house is too small, and, furthermore, it's too far
from the city.
房子太小，而且离城市太远。
I don't know
what happened to Rupert Ford and, furthermore, I
don't care.
我不知道鲁珀特•福特碰到了什么事，而且我也不关心。