2018届人教版高考英语复习《阅读理解》课时作业(14)含解析
对外经济贸易大学录取分数线-车库租赁合同
课时作业14
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017·郸城一高月考)
When the Apollo astronauts (宇航员) landed on the
Moon in 1969,
millions of people were rather
sad. The person to blame for this was an
artist named Chesley Bonestell. For many
years, Bonestell had been
creating beautifully
detailed paintings of the Moon and planets.
Viewers
of his artwork were unhappy because
the real Moon did not look like
Bonestell's
pictures of it.
As a space artist, Bonestell
tried to make his drawings look exciting
and
as true as the Moon is. He worked closely with
astronomers and
scientists to get the most up-
to-date scientific information available. But
in the 1940s and 1950s, no one had ever seen
another planet up close. Yet
Bonestell's
paintings looked so real that some people thought
they were
photographs.
Even though
Bonestell was interested in astronomy, he did not
start
out as a space artist. As a young man he
studied architecture — the art
and science of
designing and making buildings. In 1938 Bonestell
became a special effects artist in Hollywood.
It was here that he learned
he could improve
his paintings by following the methods used in the
movies.
In 1944, a popular magazine
published a series of Bonestell's
paintings of
the planet Saturn. He drew Saturn as if it were
seen by
someone standing on each of the
planet's moons. The results were
dazzling.
Within a few years, Bonestell's artwork was
appearing regularly
in magazines and books on
astronomy and space flight.
Many of
Bonestell's artworks had been right all along. But
the
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biggest surprise
was the Moon. Someone asked Bonestell what he was
thinking when he saw the first pictures from
the Moon. “I thought how
wrong I was！” he
said. “My mountains were sharp (陡峭的), and they
aren't on the Moon.”
But he shouldn't have
felt bad. No space artist had ever before taken
so many people to so many faraway worlds. In
the years just before the
first manned space
flights, Bonestell's artwork prepared people for
the
amazing space adventure to come.
1．Bonestell made his space drawings ________.
A．from a very early age
B．by copying
photographs
C．with the help of scientists
D．in order to make a living
2．The
underlined word “dazzling” in Paragraph 4 can best
be
replaced by “________”．
A．doubtful
B．wonderful
C．terrible D．worrying
3．Bonestell's success lay in the fact that
________.
A．he created a new drawing skill
B．he helped finish the first space flight
C．he made space travel more popular
D．he
helped bring space closer to people
4. What
would be the best title for the text?
A．The
space art of Chesley Bonestell
B．The first men
on the Moon
C．The journeys of the Apollo
astronauts
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D．Spacewalking: through an astronaut's eyes
答案与解析
本文介绍了一个太空艺术家Chesley Bonestell的作品。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第二段As a space artist, Bonestell
tried to
make his drawings look exciting and
as true as the Moon is. He worked
closely with
astronomers and scientists to get the most up-to-
date
scientific information
available.可知Bonestell在科学家和宇航员的帮
助下作画，故C正确。
2．B 词义猜测题。根据画线单词下一句Within a few years,
Bonestell's artwork was appearing regularly in
magazines and books on
astronomy and space fli
ght.在几年之内，Bonestell的作品定期地出现在
关于天文学和航空飞行的书和杂志上。可
知结果是非常好的，故这里
dazzling可被wonderful取代，答案为B。
3．D 推理判断题。根据文章第最后一段内容In the years just
before the first manned space flights,
Bonestell's artwork prepared people
for the
amazing space adventure to come.可看出Bonestell的成功在于他
使人们为未来的太空之旅做准备，即让人们离太空更近。答案为D。
4．A
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了Chesley
Bonestell
关于太空的作品。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)
Everyone knows that fish is
good for health. __1__ But it seems that
many
people don't cook fish at home. Americans eat only
about fifteen
pounds of fish per person per
year, but we eat twice as much fish in
restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and
cooking fish isn't difficult.
__2__ This text
is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
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__3__ Fresh fish should
smell sweet: You should feel that you're
standing at the ocean's edge. Any fishy or
strong smell means the fish
isn't fresh. __4__
When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd
better store the fish in the refrigerator if
you don't cook it immediately,
but fresh fish
should be stored in your fridge for only a day or
two.
Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh
one.
There are many common methods used to
cook fish. __5__ First,
clean it and season it
with your choice of spices (调料). Put the whole
fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot
for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs
about one
pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then,
it's ready to
serve.
A．Do not buy it.
B．The easiest is to steam it.
C．This is
how you can do it.
D．It just requires a little
knowledge.
E．The fish will go bad within
hours.
F．When buying fish, you should first
smell it.
G．The fats in fish are thought to
help prevent heart disease.
答案与解析
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了购买、储存以及烹饪鱼的简单方
法。
1．G
上文提到人们都知道鱼对健康有益。根据G项中的“help
prevent heart
disease”可知，G项承接上文话题，进一步解释了吃鱼的
好处，符合语境。故选G。
2．D 上文提到购买、储存以及烹饪鱼并不难。D项承接上文
话题，强调“这仅需一点知识”
，从而引出下文对这些知识的介绍，
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符合语境。故选D。
3．F 下文提到新鲜的鱼闻起来有点甜，不新鲜的鱼闻起来有腥
味。F项“买鱼时，要先闻一闻”与下文话题衔接紧密，且F项中的
“smell”与下文中的“sm
ell”呼应，符合语境。故选F。
4．A 上文提到通过闻气味，可以判断带有强烈腥味的鱼是不<
br>新鲜的；由此可知，A项“不要买这种鱼”承接上文，符合语境。故
选A。
5．B
根据下文介绍鱼的具体做法可知，此处指蒸鱼，与B项
中的“steam
it”吻合，符合语境。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2017·江西省红色七校联考)
Many firms are refusing to hire talent from
poor backgrounds
__1__ they do not follow
tradition, a report says.
Managers can often
place as much __2__ (important) on speech,
accent, dress and behavior __3__ on skills and
qualifications. Firms are
also recruiting from
a small pool of elite universities and hire those
__4__“fit in” while __5__ (ignore) talented
but less advantaged
candidates, according to
Social Mobility Commission research.
It is
__6__ (shock) that some investment banks even
judge
candidates on __7__ they wear brown
shoes. For men, wearing brown
shoes with a
business suit is __8__(general) considered
unacceptable
within investment banking and
corporate finance.
Issues relating to dress
may seem relatively simple for individuals
__9__ (adopt). But interviewees suggested they
do play a material role
__10__ the selection
process as demonstration of “fit”．
答案与解析
本文主要介绍了很多公司愿意招聘有贫困背景的人才及其原因。
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1．because
考查连词。前后句意是因果关系，此处表示原因，
故填because。
2．importance 考查名词。由句子结构可知此处用名词作宾语，
importan
t的名词形式是importance，是不可数名词，故填importance。
3．as
考查固定结构。as...as...是固定结构，表示“和……一
样……”，故填as。
4．who或that 考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，先行词是those，
指人，关系词
在从句中作主语，故填who或that。
5．ignoring 考查while doing的省
略。当从句主语和主句主语一
致时，省略从句的主语和be动词，故填ignoring。
6．shocking 考查形容词。由句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词作
表语，-ed形容词
修饰人，表示“人感到……的”，-ing形容词修饰
物，表示“令人……的”，故填shocking
。
7．whether 考查连词。此处表示“是否”，故填whether。
8．generally
考查副词。修饰动词considered用副词，故填
generally。
9．to
adopt 考查动词不定式。be＋adj. for sb. to
do表示“做某
事对某人来说……”，故填to adopt。
10．in 考查介词。in
the process是固定搭配，表示“在过程中、
在进行中”，故填in。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2017·黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学测试)
In my
view, the Internet is helpful. It is known to all,
the Internet is
playing important part in our
daily life. On the Internet, we can read news
home and abroad and got as much informations
as we can. We can also
attend to the net
school and read many books. We can even do
shopping
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online.
Besides, your ability to operate the computer can
be improved
great. So we should not be
addicted to the Internet, or we'll get our life
and study destroying. In addition, we should
keep off the harm websites.
Anyhow, this
doesn't prevent the Internet from becoming our
friend.
答案
In my view, the Internet is
helpful. It is known to all, the Internet is
As
playing ∧ important part in our daily
life. On the Internet, we can read
an
news
home and abroad and got as much
informations
as we can. We
getinformaition
can also attend ＼to the net
school and read many books. We can even do
shopping online. Besides, your ability to
operate the computer can be
our
improved
great. So we should not be addicted to the
Internet, or we'll
greatlyBut
get our life
and study destroying. In addition, we should keep
off the
destroyed
harm websites. Anyhow,
this doesn't prevent the Internet from becoming
harmful
our friend.
Ⅴ.书面表达
(2017·吉林省松原市油田高中测试)
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris刚刚转学
，感到一切都很陌
生。他在邮件中向你询问如何尽快融入新环境，请你根据以下信息回
信。
1.多跟同学交流沟通；
2.积极参加学校活动；
3.向老师寻求帮助。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.
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开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble
fitting in at your new
school.________________
_____________________________________
_
___
__________________________________________________
______
_
__________________________________
_________________________
_
_______________
____________________________________________
_
______________________________________________
_____________
_
___________________________
________________________________
_
________
__________________________________________________
_
_
_______________________________________
____________________
_
Yours，
Li Hua
答案
Dear_Chris，
I_am_sorry_to_hear_that
_you_are_having_trouble_fitting_in_at_yo
ur_new
_school. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps
the following
suggestions may be helpful.
First, I think you may need to communicate
with your classmates as
much as possible. In
this way, you will get to know each other better.
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Second, it might be a
good idea for you to take part in more activities,
which usually involve teamwork and
interactions with other students and
are
therefore good for developing friendly
relationships. Last but not least,
faced with
some tough problems, you might consider asking our
teachers,
who can usually offer you some
sensible suggestions.
I sincerely hope my
advice will be of some help to you. If there is
anything more I can do to help, please let me
know.
Yours，
Li_Hua
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