2021版高考英语(外研版)一轮复习课后达标检测：选修8 5 Module 5 The Conquest of the
网络设备维护-至理名言
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·大连一模)Emilia Dobek traces her interest in
space and the universe back to third
grade
when she and her father watched a blood moon—a
total lunar eclipse(月食)—on the roof of
their
house.
Now a seventh grader at East Prairie
Elementary School, Dobek recently won the national
Discovery Education Lockheed Martin Beyond
Challenge by designing a space station for
travelling to Mars.
She says that night
watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire
in her that has yet to run
out of fuel. So
when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received
information about the national
challenge,
Smeeton said she immediately had one student in
mind.
“I knew she would love the challenge and
that she would go way beyond in her search，”
Smeeton said. “She immediately started
researching bone density(密度) of astronauts and how
to
have food on Mars.”
“My design will
ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make
sure their comfort is out
of this world，”
Dobek says.
Dobek’s design calls for building
the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the
supplies in. It
also includes the SGF or
SelfGrowing Farm, and she details how it would
work with the
elements on Mars.
Then there
is physical and leisure activity for the
astronauts under Dobek’s design. A
simulator(模拟装置) allows astronauts to choose
their exercise machine and virtual reality
environment. Rooms have circular ceilings so
astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows
and even see places on Earth, such as their
homes.
“I want to tell other kids to follow
their passions，” Dobek said. “Whatever they want
to do,
they should push for it and always try
their best.”
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了小学生Emilia
Dobek设计太空站，并赢得挑战的相关
内容。
1．Dobek first
became interested in space when ________．
A．she was still a seventh grader
B．she
studied at a junior high school
C．she lived on
the top of their house
D．she watched an
eclipse of the moon
D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Emilia Dobek traces her interest in
space and the
universe back to third grade
when she and her father watched a blood moon—a
total lunar
eclipse(月食)—on the roof of their
house.”可知，Dobek对太空感兴趣是从她三年级时的一个
晚上观看一次月食开始的。
2．Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the
challenge because ________．
A．she knew Dobek
liked challenges in life
B．she had no other
students interested in Mars
C．Dobek knew how
to research bone density of astronauts
D．she
was sure that Dobek would have outstanding
performance
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段Smeeton的话可推知，她对Dob
ek很了解，对其可
以接受这项挑战并出色完成充满信心。
3．What does
Dobek focus on when designing the space station?
A．The environment on Mars.
B．The safety of
the supplies.
C．The activities for astronauts.
D．The comfort of the astronauts.
D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“make sure their comfort is out
of this world”
并结合对倒数第二段的整体理解可推知，Dobek的设计包含身体和休
闲活动，让宇航员在太
空中也能感到舒适。
B
(2020·兰州高三诊断)A
new chapter opened in mankind’s exploration
of
the moon on Thursday morning as the first
probe(航天探测器) to land on
the moon’s far side
reached its destination after a 26-day journey.
The
Chang’e 4 lunar probe, representing
China’s latest step in lunar investigation,
landed at 10：26 am at the Von Kármán crater
and then sent back three photos of the landing
site
shot by cameras on the probe’s
lander(着陆器), marking the world’s first images
taken on the
surface of the far side.
One
of the photos, published by the China National
Space Administration, shows the place
where
Chang’e 4’s rover, which was named Yutu 2 on
Thursday night, will be heading to explore
and
survey. Thus began the first long journey to the
side of the moon that faces away from the
Earth. It is meant to fulfill scientists’
long-held desire to closely observe the lesser
known region.
Tidal(潮汐的)forces on Earth slow
the moon’s rotation to the point that the same
side always
faces Earth. The other
side, most of which is never visible from Earth,
is the far side of the moon.
While it has been
photographed by spacecraft, starting with a Soviet
probe in 1959, no probe had
ever made a soft
landing there, so scientists had not been able to
conduct surfacelevel
observations and surveys
of the region.
Wu Weiren, chief designer of
China’s lunar program, said in Beijing on Thursday
that the
landing “was perfect”. He called the
event “an important milestone for China’s space
exploration”， adding that it has made a good
start for future lunar exploration efforts.
With its investigation of the far side,
particularly the Von Kármán crater, the Chang’e 4
mission will enable scientists to find out
what they haven’t known about the moon and deepen
their knowledge of its early history and of
the solar system.
【解题导语】 嫦娥四号探测器在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国
探月工程的巨大进步，
同时也为人类了解月球的背面提供了信息。
4．What is
the first paragraph mainly about?
A．The basic
data of the Chang’e 4 lunar probe.
B．The
Chang’e 4’s worldfirst landing on the moon’s far
side.
C．The Chang’e 4’s 26day visit to the
far side of the moon.
D．The description of the
photos taken on the surface of the moon’s far
side.
B 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段第一句“A new chapter opened
in mankind’s
exploration of the moon on
Thursday morning as the first probe(航天探测器) to land
on the
moon’s far side reached its destination
after a 26-day
journey.”可知，本段主要介绍了嫦娥四号
实现了人类首次在月球背面着陆。故选B。
5．What does the underlined word “it” in the
third paragraph refer to?
A．The lander.
B．The rover.
C．The far side of the moon.
D．The Chang’e 4 lunar probe.
C
解析：代词指代题。根据第三段的第二句“The other side, most of which
is never visible
from Earth, is the far side
of the moon.”以及画线词所在句中的“While it has been
photographed
by spacecraft”可知，it在这里指代“the far
side of the moon”，故选C。
6．What can we infer
from this text?
A．It is only on the moon that
people can explore the deep space.
B．The
scientific information obtained by Chang’e 4 will
be new to the world.
C．It is the first
time for people to see the pictures of the far
side of the moon.
D．Chinese space technology
is more advanced than that of any other country’s.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“marking the world’s
first images taken
on the surface of the far s
ide”可知，嫦娥四号月球探测器发回的照片是世界上首次在月球背
面拍摄的，由此可推知，B项正确
。
7．In which section of a website can we
probably read this text?
A．Tourism.
B．Health Care.
C．Science and Technology.
D．Art and Entertainment.
C 解析：文章出处题。本文为新闻报
道，介绍了嫦娥四号探测器首次在月球背面着陆，
这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步，由此可推知，本文
可能出自一个网站的科技版面。故选
C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·长沙统一模拟)Steve was a seventh grader, a big
boy, looking more like a teenager
than a
12yearold. Yet, he went unnoticed—he had been
__1__ every examination since first
grade—until Miss Wilma appeared.
In the
middle of the first semester of school, the entire
seventh grade was __2__for basic
skills.
“You all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma told the
class after going over the__3__， “except
for
one boy. And it __4__ my heart to tell you this,
but...” she __5__， “the smartest boy in the
seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve
__6__ his eyes and carefully examined his
fingertips.
After that, Steve still wouldn’t
do his homework. Even if Miss Wilma __7__ punished
him,
he remained __8__．
“Steve, please! I
care about you！”
__9__， Steve got it！“Someone
CARES ABOUT ME？！”
One Monday a couple of weeks
later, Miss Wilma gave a __10__ on the weekend
homework.
Steve __11__ through the test and
was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of
__12__， Miss
Wilma took his paper and began to
look it over.
Miss Wilma’s face was in a
__13__ shock! She glanced up at Steve, then
__14__， then up.
The smartest boy in the
seventh grade had just passed his first test!
From that moment, nothing was the same for
Steve. He discovered that not only could he
remember and understand __15__， but he could
translate what he learned into his life. He
became __16__．
After high school,
Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n) __17__
military career. During
his naval years, he
inspired many young people who might not have
__18__ themselves without
him.
A __19__
took place within the heart of a boy all because
of one teacher, who __20__．
【解题导语】
Steve曾经每次考试都不及格，但是Miss Wilma看到成绩的时候，却说
他是班里最聪明的
学生，并且告诉他老师非常关心他。Steve感受到老师对自己的良苦用心，
从此刻苦学习，改变了自
己的命运。老师对他的影响促使他用同样的方法去影响并且帮助更
多的人。
1．g
C．passing
B．failing
D．skipping
B
解析：根据下文可知，Steve学习成绩很差。故可推知，他自一年级以来成绩就不
及格，故选B。下
文中的“failing”也是提示。
2．
C．separated
B．classified
D．dismissed
A 解析：根据语境及下文内
容可知，此处是说第一学期期中七年级全部学生进行基本
技能测试。test“测试”符合语境。
3．ons
C．lessons
B．effects
D．results
D 解析：根据上文可知，七年级全部学生进行了基本技能测试，故此处
应是指查看测
试成绩(results)。
4．
C．breaks
B．presses
D．destroys
C
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示告诉Steve他考试没及格使Miss Wilma心碎。break
“使心碎”。
5．d
C．interrupted
B．hesitated
D．laughed
B 解析：根据语境可知，Miss
Wilma的语意有所转折，故此处表示她犹豫(hesitated)
了一下继续说道。
6．d B．raised
C．covered D．closed
A 解析：根据语境可知，Steve此次测试未及格，所以当Miss
Wilma提到Steve的时
候，Steve双目低垂，认真检查自己的指尖。drop one’s
eyes“垂下眼睛”。
7．ely
C．severely
B．steadily
D．secretly
C 解析：根据上文“After
that, Steve still wouldn’t do his
homework.”并结合语境可推
知，虽然Miss
Wilma严厉地(severely)惩罚了Steve，但他仍然很固执(stubborn)。
8．ss
C．flexible
B 解析：参见上题解析。
9．ly
C．Particularly
B．Unwillingly
D．Suddenly
B．stubborn
D．crazy
D
解析：根据语境可知，Steve突然顿悟，有人关心着自己。suddenly“突然”符合语
境。
10．
C．speech
B．chance
D．presentation
A 解析：根据下文“Steve ______
through the test and was the first to hand in his
paper.”可
知，该处表示Miss Wilma组织了一场小测试(quiz)。
11．
C．lived
B．looked
D．hurried
D 解析：根据该句中的“was the first to hand in his
paper”可推知，Steve很快就完成了
测试。hurry“急忙(做某事)”符合语境。
12．ointment
C．satisfaction
B．surprise
D．inspiration
B
解析：根据下文“Miss Wilma’s face was in a ______
shock！”可知，Miss Wilma对
Steve的表现非常惊讶(surprise)。di
sappointment“失望”；satisfaction“满意”；
inspiration“
鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。
13．
C．precious
B．total
D．ridiculous
B
解析：根据语境可知，Miss Wilma深感震惊。a total shock“深感震惊”为固定搭配。
14．
C．out
B．away
D．back
A
解析：根据该句“She glanced up at Steve, then ______， then
up.”可知，Miss Wilma
深感震惊，上下打量Steve。down“向下”符合语境。
15．rk
C．knowledge
B．grades
D．subjects
C 解析：根据语境以及空后的“but he could
translate what he learned into his life”可知，
Ste
ve不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识(knowledge)应用到生活中。
16．nding
C．rough
B．lazy
D．troublesome
A 解析：根据上文内容可知，Steve不但记住并理解了知
识，而且可以把所学知识应
用到生活中。由此可推知，他变得很优秀(outstanding)。
17．
C．hardworking
B．ordinary
D．successful
D 解析：根据上文并结合语境可推知，毕业后，Steve参加
了海军，而且在军队中很
成功。tiring“令人困倦的”；ordinary“普通的”；hard
working“努力的”。
18． on
C．turned to
B．looked after
D．believed in
D 解析：根据语境
可知，Steve在海军服役期间鼓舞了许多年轻人，如果没有他，这
些年轻人可能不会相信(beli
eved in)自己。
19．ition
C．change
B．choice
D．campaign
C
解析：根据上文可知，Steve在Miss
Wilma的关心(cared)下，发生了改变(change)。
20．
C．wished
B．listened
D．cared
D
解析：参见上题解析。与上文中的“I care about you！”呼应。